积件化草图交互式三维服装设计方法及重用技术研究
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摘要
服装CAD系统从二维向三维转变,是三维计算机技术成熟与服装个性化定制需求日益强烈的一个必然趋势与结果。三维服装曲面的生成、编辑造型,三维服装裁片的自由交互设计是三维服装几何设计的核心关键,对提高服装业CAD自动化程度及竞争力有重要意义。
本文在分析现有服装CAD系统研究现状基础上,提出了积件化草图交互式三维服装设计方法及重用设计技术。通过积件化曲面生成、轮廓线草图交互驱动曲面造型实现服装外形轮廓设计,通过三维裁片款式线草图交互勾绘实现服装内形分割设计,通过轮廓线与款式线编码/解码实现服装曲面、裁片的分层重用。
提出积件化三维服装曲面生成方法。将具有一定独立功能的单元抽象为服装积件,并给出积件的描述与定义。针对不同积件曲面生成特点,提出切面分片构建、数学参数模型构建、切面构建与数学参数模型混合构建三大类方法。轮廓线从曲面边界提取或根据数学参数模型生成。给出搭附类拼接、缝合类拼接和垫衬类拼接三种方法对各服装积件进行组装搭配,进而生成款式各异的服装曲面。
提出基于轮廓线草图交互驱动的三维服装曲面造型方法。归纳出11种约束类型,通过轮廓线层次驱动模型,即包络线层、截面环层的层内、层间驱动关系描述,构建几何约束图。通过确立约束求解的优先机制、迭代机制、释放机制,对约束图进行约束求解,实现轮廓草图联动,进而驱动曲面变形。给出三种拼接类型的相邻积件曲面更新方法,以维护积件曲面造型的完整性。
提出基于款式线草图交互勾绘的三维服装载片设计方法。引入多种款式线,并给出其在三角网格曲面的生成方法。通过将裁片工艺的内在机理转化为约束机制,保障勾绘的合理性;通过分析款式线在基于质点-弹簧模型的三维裁片展平中的影响,指导款式线草图交互勾绘,提高三维服装裁片的设计质量。给出款式线预处理方法,通过三维裁片封闭边界搜索、裁片区域内部网格顶点自动判断、裁片曲面网格重新三角化等步骤,快速生成三维裁片。
提出三维服装曲面、裁片的重用设计方法。以轮廓线为对象,以服装曲面初始状态为参考,对轮廓线进行编码存为模板,对模板解码提取设计信息,映射后得到相似轮廓线形状,进而恢复出相似形状服装曲面。以款式线为对象,针对积件曲面网格拓扑在拼接前固定不变、拼接后动态变化的特点,给出款式线全信息与部分信息编码/解码方法,实现款式线在不同服装曲面上的映射,进而得到系列化相似形状款式线与三维裁片。
最后将本文算法应用于三维服装设计系统LSx,给出了运用该系统进行丰富多样的三维服装设计实例。
It is an inevitable trend for GCAD system to convert itself from 2D to 3D because of the maturity of the 3D computer technology and the growing necessity of customized garment. The generating of garment surface, modeling and 3D pattern design, the key in 3D garment design, are of great significance to achieve more automatic and competitive GCAD system.
On the basis of the current research of GCAD system, this paper presents approaches of components & sketch based 3D apparel design and technologies of design-reuse. The garment outlines are modeled by components based garment surface generating and contour-line-sketch-based surface editing. The garment inner regions are tailored by style-line-sketch-based 3D pattern design. Design results of garment surfaces and patterns are reused by encoding/decoding the sketch of contour lines and style lines.
A components based method for 3D garment surface generation is proposed. Cells with independent function are defined as garment components, and their definitions and descriptions are also presented. According to the generation features of different component surfaces, three methods for component generation are advanced, namely, construction based on piecewise cutting plane, parameter model, hybrid method of cutting plane and parameter model. Contour line sketches are extracted from the boundaries of the surface patch or constructed by the parameter model. The garment components are rigged up by three modes, including attaching mode, sewing mode, padding mode. Based on this method, various garment surfaces with different styles can be quickly generated.
A 3D garment surface modeling method driven by contour line sketches is proposed. Firstly, 11 constraints are summed up and introduced. Then hierarchical sketch-driven model, a model to describe the correlations inside or between the silhouette lines and cross section lines, is proposed for geometric constraint graph constructing. After three constraint solving rules are proposed, namely priority-ranked solving rules, iterative solving rules, release solving rules, contour lines are friendly edited, and then surface of target components are updated. Finally some techniques are introduced to update the surfaces of adjacent components rigged up by three modes, and maintain the integrity of surface modeling.
A 3D pattern design method sketching by the style lines is proposed. Several style lines are defined, and their mutually generating methods are also introduced. Some craft constraints are converted to the interactive sketching constraints of style lines for the design validity of 3D patterns. The effects of styles lines on the 3D pattern flattening are analyzed in detail for enhance the design quality of 3D patterns. Some preprocessing techniques of the style lines are proposed for fast generating 3D pattern, which includes three process steps of searching the boundaries of 3D patterns, automatically judging the inner or outer vertices of a pattern, retriangulating the pattern mesh.
A design reuse solution for 3D garment surface and pattern is also proposedContour line sketches are encoded into a sketch template taking their initial status of garment surface generating as reference. Similar garment surface shapes can be recovered on other mannequins by mapping the template of contour line sketches. Since the topology of the component surface does not change until being rigged up, a new design-reuse solution of style line sketches is proposed, which includes of total or partial encoding/decoding of style line sketches. Similar 3D patterns can be recovered on different garment surfaces by mapping the template of style line sketches.
Finally, the the methods discussed in this paper are applied to the 3D Garment Design System LSX, an innovative 3D garment design system and the application is illustrated with plenty of examples.
本文在分析现有服装CAD系统研究现状基础上,提出了积件化草图交互式三维服装设计方法及重用设计技术。通过积件化曲面生成、轮廓线草图交互驱动曲面造型实现服装外形轮廓设计,通过三维裁片款式线草图交互勾绘实现服装内形分割设计,通过轮廓线与款式线编码/解码实现服装曲面、裁片的分层重用。
提出积件化三维服装曲面生成方法。将具有一定独立功能的单元抽象为服装积件,并给出积件的描述与定义。针对不同积件曲面生成特点,提出切面分片构建、数学参数模型构建、切面构建与数学参数模型混合构建三大类方法。轮廓线从曲面边界提取或根据数学参数模型生成。给出搭附类拼接、缝合类拼接和垫衬类拼接三种方法对各服装积件进行组装搭配,进而生成款式各异的服装曲面。
提出基于轮廓线草图交互驱动的三维服装曲面造型方法。归纳出11种约束类型,通过轮廓线层次驱动模型,即包络线层、截面环层的层内、层间驱动关系描述,构建几何约束图。通过确立约束求解的优先机制、迭代机制、释放机制,对约束图进行约束求解,实现轮廓草图联动,进而驱动曲面变形。给出三种拼接类型的相邻积件曲面更新方法,以维护积件曲面造型的完整性。
提出基于款式线草图交互勾绘的三维服装载片设计方法。引入多种款式线,并给出其在三角网格曲面的生成方法。通过将裁片工艺的内在机理转化为约束机制,保障勾绘的合理性;通过分析款式线在基于质点-弹簧模型的三维裁片展平中的影响,指导款式线草图交互勾绘,提高三维服装裁片的设计质量。给出款式线预处理方法,通过三维裁片封闭边界搜索、裁片区域内部网格顶点自动判断、裁片曲面网格重新三角化等步骤,快速生成三维裁片。
提出三维服装曲面、裁片的重用设计方法。以轮廓线为对象,以服装曲面初始状态为参考,对轮廓线进行编码存为模板,对模板解码提取设计信息,映射后得到相似轮廓线形状,进而恢复出相似形状服装曲面。以款式线为对象,针对积件曲面网格拓扑在拼接前固定不变、拼接后动态变化的特点,给出款式线全信息与部分信息编码/解码方法,实现款式线在不同服装曲面上的映射,进而得到系列化相似形状款式线与三维裁片。
最后将本文算法应用于三维服装设计系统LSx,给出了运用该系统进行丰富多样的三维服装设计实例。
It is an inevitable trend for GCAD system to convert itself from 2D to 3D because of the maturity of the 3D computer technology and the growing necessity of customized garment. The generating of garment surface, modeling and 3D pattern design, the key in 3D garment design, are of great significance to achieve more automatic and competitive GCAD system.
On the basis of the current research of GCAD system, this paper presents approaches of components & sketch based 3D apparel design and technologies of design-reuse. The garment outlines are modeled by components based garment surface generating and contour-line-sketch-based surface editing. The garment inner regions are tailored by style-line-sketch-based 3D pattern design. Design results of garment surfaces and patterns are reused by encoding/decoding the sketch of contour lines and style lines.
A components based method for 3D garment surface generation is proposed. Cells with independent function are defined as garment components, and their definitions and descriptions are also presented. According to the generation features of different component surfaces, three methods for component generation are advanced, namely, construction based on piecewise cutting plane, parameter model, hybrid method of cutting plane and parameter model. Contour line sketches are extracted from the boundaries of the surface patch or constructed by the parameter model. The garment components are rigged up by three modes, including attaching mode, sewing mode, padding mode. Based on this method, various garment surfaces with different styles can be quickly generated.
A 3D garment surface modeling method driven by contour line sketches is proposed. Firstly, 11 constraints are summed up and introduced. Then hierarchical sketch-driven model, a model to describe the correlations inside or between the silhouette lines and cross section lines, is proposed for geometric constraint graph constructing. After three constraint solving rules are proposed, namely priority-ranked solving rules, iterative solving rules, release solving rules, contour lines are friendly edited, and then surface of target components are updated. Finally some techniques are introduced to update the surfaces of adjacent components rigged up by three modes, and maintain the integrity of surface modeling.
A 3D pattern design method sketching by the style lines is proposed. Several style lines are defined, and their mutually generating methods are also introduced. Some craft constraints are converted to the interactive sketching constraints of style lines for the design validity of 3D patterns. The effects of styles lines on the 3D pattern flattening are analyzed in detail for enhance the design quality of 3D patterns. Some preprocessing techniques of the style lines are proposed for fast generating 3D pattern, which includes three process steps of searching the boundaries of 3D patterns, automatically judging the inner or outer vertices of a pattern, retriangulating the pattern mesh.
A design reuse solution for 3D garment surface and pattern is also proposedContour line sketches are encoded into a sketch template taking their initial status of garment surface generating as reference. Similar garment surface shapes can be recovered on other mannequins by mapping the template of contour line sketches. Since the topology of the component surface does not change until being rigged up, a new design-reuse solution of style line sketches is proposed, which includes of total or partial encoding/decoding of style line sketches. Similar 3D patterns can be recovered on different garment surfaces by mapping the template of style line sketches.
Finally, the the methods discussed in this paper are applied to the 3D Garment Design System LSX, an innovative 3D garment design system and the application is illustrated with plenty of examples.
引文
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