高新技术企业技术创新能力内生模型与评价研究
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摘要
面对复杂快变的外部环境,高新技术企业怎样建立技术创新能力的内部生成体系以增强其核心竞争力是一个具有重要意义的研究课题。因此,本文以建立高新技术企业技术创新能力自我发展和内在生成的方法和理论观点为目标展开研究,主要研究内容和结果如下:
1、分析了高新技术企业技术创新能力的内生性,指出能力优势的根源在于企业拥有的资源、能力和知识,并在能力内生性的基础上给出了企业内生技术创新能力的定义。在设计和回收调查问卷的基础上采用灰色关联聚类最大支撑树法对影响企业内生技术创新能力的因素进行了聚类,共聚为6个构面:技术创新人才、企业领导、创新资金投入、企业制度、知识管理与组织学习以及创新文化,并根据统计结果对6个构面的重要度进行判断。并在聚类分析的基础上进行了因子分析,共提取出12个高新技术企业内生自主创新能力关键影响因素。
2、论述了变革型领导对其它五个影响构面的推动效用,进一步从理论上证明企业领导为对高新技术企业内生技术创新能力影响重要度最高的构面;从技术创新源于知识创新的角度论述了高新技术企业技术创新人才在技术创新中的主体作用;论述了创新文化、知识管理与组织学习、企业制度和创新资金投入四个影响构面对企业技术创新人才的影响作用,从这六种影响构面的相互联系和作用总结高新技术企业技术创新能力内生的机理以及企业技术创新能力内生模型。
3、分析了企业内生技术创新能力的结构,在回顾经济学中内生增长模型理论与能力结构分析的基础上建立了企业技术创新能力内生增长模型。该模型将技术创新能力的三个方面作为技术创新能力的三种投入,根据道格拉斯函数和动态增长方程建立,该模型的最优解指出,不论企业技术创新能力的初始增长率如何,企业技术创新能力的增长率都将向着最优解的方向进行,最终企业技术创新能力、技术创新物质资本投入、人力资本投入和组织资本投入的增长率就不再变动,走上一条稳定的平衡增长路径。
4、在对高新技术企业内生技术创新能力的结构分析的基础上建立了高新技术内生技术创新能力评价指标体系,并构建了高新技术企业内生技术创新能力的三维评价模型,模型对三种支持能力分别进行评价,然后进行两两匹配评价,最后进行综合评价。根据构建的模型对SZ科技有限公司的内生技术创新能力进行了评价,评价结果符合一般定性的判断结论,说明了本文所建评价模型的有效性和可行性,为有效评价高新技术企业内生技术创新能力提供了量化的依据。
In a complex market environment, it is an important subject to high-tech enterprises that how to build an endogenetic system of technological innovation capability which can strength core competitiveness of these companies. This paper researches on the endogenetic method and theoretical issues about technological innovative capability high-tech companies, and gets main conclusions as follows:
1. The paper analyses the endophytism of technological innovation capability of high-tech enterprises, finds that the competitiveness of the capability come from resource, ability and knowledge companies have owned, and defines the endogenetic technological innovation capability based on capability endophytism. After these works, the paper uses grey clustering and maximal spanning tree to cluster facts impacted endogenetic technological innovative capability to 6 perspectives which include technological innovation human, businesses leaders, funding on technological innovation, enterprise system, knowledge management & organizational learning and innovative culture, and determine priorities of these factors by statistical results. Then, the paper uses factor analysis to extract 12 key factors impacted technological innovation capability of high tech enterprises.
2. The paper discusses the push effectiveness of transformational leadership to other 5 perspectives, proves theoretically that businesses leaders is the most effective perspective to endogenetic technological innovative capability of high-tech companies, discusses technological innovation human as leader in technological innovation from view that technological innovation comes from knowledge innovation, and discusses effectiveness of 4 perspectives included funding on technological innovation, enterprise system, knowledge management & organizational learning and innovative culture to technological innovation human. After these discusses, the paper expounds the endogenetic mechanism of technological innovation capability of high-tech enterprises, and builds the model of technological innovation capability.
3. The paper analyzes the structure of endogenetic technological innovation capability, and establishes the model of technological innovation capability based on the innovative development of modem theories of economic growth and capability structure analysis. Used Cobb-Douglas function, dynamic growth function, and taken 3 aspects of technological innovative capability as inputs, the optimum relation of this model shows that however initial rate is , the growth rate of technological innovation capability will be optimum, and finally growth rates of technological innovation capability, investment of substance capital, investment of human resource and investment of organizational capital will be changed. This result means that the growth will be in a balanced path.
4. The paper established the evaluation index system for the endogenous technological innovation capability of the advanced technology, on the basis of analysis on the structure of the endogenous technological innovation capability of the advanced technology. A three-dimensional evaluation model of the endogenous technological innovation capability of the advanced technology was proposed, which was used to assess these three kinds of supporting capacity, evaluate them in pairs, and at last have a synthetical evaluation. The evaluation model was applied to appraise the endogenous technology innovation capacity of the SZ Technological Company, LTD. The evaluation result matched the common qualitative judgment, which not only revealed the validity and feasibility of the model established in this paper, but also provided the measurable basis for the effective evaluation of the endogenous technological innovation capability of high-tech enterprises.
1、分析了高新技术企业技术创新能力的内生性,指出能力优势的根源在于企业拥有的资源、能力和知识,并在能力内生性的基础上给出了企业内生技术创新能力的定义。在设计和回收调查问卷的基础上采用灰色关联聚类最大支撑树法对影响企业内生技术创新能力的因素进行了聚类,共聚为6个构面:技术创新人才、企业领导、创新资金投入、企业制度、知识管理与组织学习以及创新文化,并根据统计结果对6个构面的重要度进行判断。并在聚类分析的基础上进行了因子分析,共提取出12个高新技术企业内生自主创新能力关键影响因素。
2、论述了变革型领导对其它五个影响构面的推动效用,进一步从理论上证明企业领导为对高新技术企业内生技术创新能力影响重要度最高的构面;从技术创新源于知识创新的角度论述了高新技术企业技术创新人才在技术创新中的主体作用;论述了创新文化、知识管理与组织学习、企业制度和创新资金投入四个影响构面对企业技术创新人才的影响作用,从这六种影响构面的相互联系和作用总结高新技术企业技术创新能力内生的机理以及企业技术创新能力内生模型。
3、分析了企业内生技术创新能力的结构,在回顾经济学中内生增长模型理论与能力结构分析的基础上建立了企业技术创新能力内生增长模型。该模型将技术创新能力的三个方面作为技术创新能力的三种投入,根据道格拉斯函数和动态增长方程建立,该模型的最优解指出,不论企业技术创新能力的初始增长率如何,企业技术创新能力的增长率都将向着最优解的方向进行,最终企业技术创新能力、技术创新物质资本投入、人力资本投入和组织资本投入的增长率就不再变动,走上一条稳定的平衡增长路径。
4、在对高新技术企业内生技术创新能力的结构分析的基础上建立了高新技术内生技术创新能力评价指标体系,并构建了高新技术企业内生技术创新能力的三维评价模型,模型对三种支持能力分别进行评价,然后进行两两匹配评价,最后进行综合评价。根据构建的模型对SZ科技有限公司的内生技术创新能力进行了评价,评价结果符合一般定性的判断结论,说明了本文所建评价模型的有效性和可行性,为有效评价高新技术企业内生技术创新能力提供了量化的依据。
In a complex market environment, it is an important subject to high-tech enterprises that how to build an endogenetic system of technological innovation capability which can strength core competitiveness of these companies. This paper researches on the endogenetic method and theoretical issues about technological innovative capability high-tech companies, and gets main conclusions as follows:
1. The paper analyses the endophytism of technological innovation capability of high-tech enterprises, finds that the competitiveness of the capability come from resource, ability and knowledge companies have owned, and defines the endogenetic technological innovation capability based on capability endophytism. After these works, the paper uses grey clustering and maximal spanning tree to cluster facts impacted endogenetic technological innovative capability to 6 perspectives which include technological innovation human, businesses leaders, funding on technological innovation, enterprise system, knowledge management & organizational learning and innovative culture, and determine priorities of these factors by statistical results. Then, the paper uses factor analysis to extract 12 key factors impacted technological innovation capability of high tech enterprises.
2. The paper discusses the push effectiveness of transformational leadership to other 5 perspectives, proves theoretically that businesses leaders is the most effective perspective to endogenetic technological innovative capability of high-tech companies, discusses technological innovation human as leader in technological innovation from view that technological innovation comes from knowledge innovation, and discusses effectiveness of 4 perspectives included funding on technological innovation, enterprise system, knowledge management & organizational learning and innovative culture to technological innovation human. After these discusses, the paper expounds the endogenetic mechanism of technological innovation capability of high-tech enterprises, and builds the model of technological innovation capability.
3. The paper analyzes the structure of endogenetic technological innovation capability, and establishes the model of technological innovation capability based on the innovative development of modem theories of economic growth and capability structure analysis. Used Cobb-Douglas function, dynamic growth function, and taken 3 aspects of technological innovative capability as inputs, the optimum relation of this model shows that however initial rate is , the growth rate of technological innovation capability will be optimum, and finally growth rates of technological innovation capability, investment of substance capital, investment of human resource and investment of organizational capital will be changed. This result means that the growth will be in a balanced path.
4. The paper established the evaluation index system for the endogenous technological innovation capability of the advanced technology, on the basis of analysis on the structure of the endogenous technological innovation capability of the advanced technology. A three-dimensional evaluation model of the endogenous technological innovation capability of the advanced technology was proposed, which was used to assess these three kinds of supporting capacity, evaluate them in pairs, and at last have a synthetical evaluation. The evaluation model was applied to appraise the endogenous technology innovation capacity of the SZ Technological Company, LTD. The evaluation result matched the common qualitative judgment, which not only revealed the validity and feasibility of the model established in this paper, but also provided the measurable basis for the effective evaluation of the endogenous technological innovation capability of high-tech enterprises.
引文
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