基于CATIA V5知识工程建立车身总布置模板方法的研究
|
摘要
最初的CAD系统所构造的产品模型都是由简单的几何元素(点、线、圆等)组成,它仅仅描述了设计产品的可视形状,不包含设计者的设计思想和设计过程,因而难以对模型进行自动更新,任何设计方案的变更都相当于对设计流程的反复。针对上述问题,人们提出了参数化的设计方法。此外每一个结构设计参数都是依据一定的设计原理、准则、规范和经验进行选取的。如何把设计原理、准则、规范和设计师的经验等知识都结合在CAD系统或生成的CAD模型中?从而使得设计人员只要输入设计目标的工程参数和应用要求,智能化的CAD系统就能依据相关的知识、自动得出符合要求的数字化几何模型。由此提出了知识工程。而将参数化设计与知识工程两者有机的结合起来,实现智能化设计,将大大提高设计效率,缩短产品开发周期。
汽车车身总布置是在一个满足一定约束条件下,对部件进行布置优化的方案设计过程。而传统的车身总布置和设计仍需依靠经验和手工制图完成,存在很多问题。如果能够利用CATIA V5中的知识工程模块进行知识驱动的全相关性参数化车身总布置设计,将可以大大提高设计效率和质量,缩短设计周期。
本论文就是利用CATIA V5的知识工程模块对上述理念的实现方法进行初步的研究和探讨。
With the development of two methods in design likeParameterization Design and Knowledge Based on Engineering, newdesign method of intelligentized design by combine ParameterizationDesign and KBE together has been advanced, by which design efficiencywill be heightened largely and product exploitation period will be shortened.It is the basic design idea advanced by this article that theParameterization Design method basing on KBE. By this intelligentizedCAD method, a repository about products could be established. Not onlydimension driving and character driving could be realized, but alsocheckout could be done momentarily by man-machine conversation.
Design about auto body layout is the key part in auto design. The finalpurpose of auto body layout design is to lay all of assemblies and parts inthe limited auto shape and also acquire the biggest room space in order toimprove the competition of products in market. With the present problem oflarge workload and spending time, if simplification on design task andreduction on work period could be realized by use of certain softwareplatform with certain idea, efficiency could be improved largely.
In the trade of automobile nowadays, the design on auto body layouthas been mostly done by certain module basing on workstation developedonly for enterprise. With more strict demand for higher program level andspecialization, it is hard to be fulfilled by single general engineer. However
no matter for exploitation about new auto type or for design about remodelsand modification in part, the workload in auto body layout is so large. Ifengineer could carry through self-determination design by making use ofcertain parameterization module driving by knowledge to realize theautomatically update and optimization in the dimensions about auto bodylayout, repeating design work could be avoided.As complete parameterization design software, CATIA V 5 has beenapplied in every field: aviation, mechanism and auto etc. Its KBE modulehas been developed in more and more design fields, but the application inauto body layout design is seldom. With strong function about KBE andparameterization modeling, CATIA V5 allow consumer to set up and makeuse of Standard library freely and unlimitedly. In order offer computersupport during the period of design, traditional CAD needs to be expandedto be CAD system basing on knowledge. The objective of this article is todevelop the advantage about KBE module attached to CATIA V5 softwareplatform more to achieve the optimization design in auto body so as toease the task, be convenient to update the dimension repeatedly and savethe work time for engineers.This article's study is mostly about binding the geometry character anddimension parameter together so that realize the automatically updateabout dimension parameter by substitution of geometry character. ApplyCATIA V5 complete parameterization design to set up dimensionsconnection and dimension drive in order to give dimensions in auto bodylayout checkout and update. As for auto body layout design, it is a repeatedwork to give modification of relevant dimension parameter and relevant
geometry elements (line, plane and body). On account of the shortcomingsfor other software, it is inevitable to use CATIA V5 entirely.KBE is a kind of subject which makes knowledge as managementobject and study how to use principle of artificial intelligence to design,construct and maintain the knowledge type of system. The key problems ofKBE are including expression of knowledge, employment of knowledgeand capture of knowledge. CATIA V5 KBE is including a series ofintelligentized software modules like KWA, KWE, PKT, BKT, PEO, PFD andPFO etc. CATIA V5 could denote “knowledge” by the form of parameter,formulas, rules, check, reports, design table, reactions and generativescripts. CATIA V5 basing on KBE could combine repository of knowledge inthe development of products so that could make sure engineers follow thebest design practice, development, steps of design as well as improve theefficiency of design.Although traditional CAD system could achieve parameterizationdesign, but without strong function and only could modify the geometrydimensions in part, whereas character of part could not have any change;the user-defined variable parameter are independent one another and noteasy to set up relationship formula between variable parameters, theparameterization design could not be embodied fully. In theparameterization design, knowledge could be introduced, combined withcharacter style to make up for the shortcomings of parameterization designand make the relationship between characters could be changed as certainconditions, i.e. to fulfill parameterization character.While apply CATIA V5 KBE in parameterization design, firstly need to
parameterization modeling, pick up character of object, and transferknowledge to work process which could be realized in computer basing oncharacter and the connection between characters. Finally give resultcheckout through examinationAuto body layout is going along basing on whole car layout with theinstruction thought that “consider human as the most important”. Eyellipseis the one of tools used in auto body layout. If could make use of principleof parameterization driving to create templet library of eyellipse by thefunction of CATIA V5 KBE module. In this way, in the future design it isconvenient for engineer to choose eyellipse with different percent and easyto design or check, not only efficiency could be improved but veracity couldbe increased.Auto body is the most important part in the whole car design, and mostof the tasks are to study the part of auto body layout and design. Traditionalauto body layout and design still need experience and painting by hand,there are many problems in it. In general, as the confirmation of overalldimensions, the dimension parameter about auto body also could beconfirmed primarily. With the confirmation of overall parameters and autobody most dimensions, other dimension parameter could be embodiedgradually and also make them to meet the demand of key dimensions. Bymaking use of the parameter a formula in the CATIA V5 KBE module to setup whole car overall dimensions, and take them as the primary controllingparameters of whole auto body layout.
汽车车身总布置是在一个满足一定约束条件下,对部件进行布置优化的方案设计过程。而传统的车身总布置和设计仍需依靠经验和手工制图完成,存在很多问题。如果能够利用CATIA V5中的知识工程模块进行知识驱动的全相关性参数化车身总布置设计,将可以大大提高设计效率和质量,缩短设计周期。
本论文就是利用CATIA V5的知识工程模块对上述理念的实现方法进行初步的研究和探讨。
With the development of two methods in design likeParameterization Design and Knowledge Based on Engineering, newdesign method of intelligentized design by combine ParameterizationDesign and KBE together has been advanced, by which design efficiencywill be heightened largely and product exploitation period will be shortened.It is the basic design idea advanced by this article that theParameterization Design method basing on KBE. By this intelligentizedCAD method, a repository about products could be established. Not onlydimension driving and character driving could be realized, but alsocheckout could be done momentarily by man-machine conversation.
Design about auto body layout is the key part in auto design. The finalpurpose of auto body layout design is to lay all of assemblies and parts inthe limited auto shape and also acquire the biggest room space in order toimprove the competition of products in market. With the present problem oflarge workload and spending time, if simplification on design task andreduction on work period could be realized by use of certain softwareplatform with certain idea, efficiency could be improved largely.
In the trade of automobile nowadays, the design on auto body layouthas been mostly done by certain module basing on workstation developedonly for enterprise. With more strict demand for higher program level andspecialization, it is hard to be fulfilled by single general engineer. However
no matter for exploitation about new auto type or for design about remodelsand modification in part, the workload in auto body layout is so large. Ifengineer could carry through self-determination design by making use ofcertain parameterization module driving by knowledge to realize theautomatically update and optimization in the dimensions about auto bodylayout, repeating design work could be avoided.As complete parameterization design software, CATIA V 5 has beenapplied in every field: aviation, mechanism and auto etc. Its KBE modulehas been developed in more and more design fields, but the application inauto body layout design is seldom. With strong function about KBE andparameterization modeling, CATIA V5 allow consumer to set up and makeuse of Standard library freely and unlimitedly. In order offer computersupport during the period of design, traditional CAD needs to be expandedto be CAD system basing on knowledge. The objective of this article is todevelop the advantage about KBE module attached to CATIA V5 softwareplatform more to achieve the optimization design in auto body so as toease the task, be convenient to update the dimension repeatedly and savethe work time for engineers.This article's study is mostly about binding the geometry character anddimension parameter together so that realize the automatically updateabout dimension parameter by substitution of geometry character. ApplyCATIA V5 complete parameterization design to set up dimensionsconnection and dimension drive in order to give dimensions in auto bodylayout checkout and update. As for auto body layout design, it is a repeatedwork to give modification of relevant dimension parameter and relevant
geometry elements (line, plane and body). On account of the shortcomingsfor other software, it is inevitable to use CATIA V5 entirely.KBE is a kind of subject which makes knowledge as managementobject and study how to use principle of artificial intelligence to design,construct and maintain the knowledge type of system. The key problems ofKBE are including expression of knowledge, employment of knowledgeand capture of knowledge. CATIA V5 KBE is including a series ofintelligentized software modules like KWA, KWE, PKT, BKT, PEO, PFD andPFO etc. CATIA V5 could denote “knowledge” by the form of parameter,formulas, rules, check, reports, design table, reactions and generativescripts. CATIA V5 basing on KBE could combine repository of knowledge inthe development of products so that could make sure engineers follow thebest design practice, development, steps of design as well as improve theefficiency of design.Although traditional CAD system could achieve parameterizationdesign, but without strong function and only could modify the geometrydimensions in part, whereas character of part could not have any change;the user-defined variable parameter are independent one another and noteasy to set up relationship formula between variable parameters, theparameterization design could not be embodied fully. In theparameterization design, knowledge could be introduced, combined withcharacter style to make up for the shortcomings of parameterization designand make the relationship between characters could be changed as certainconditions, i.e. to fulfill parameterization character.While apply CATIA V5 KBE in parameterization design, firstly need to
parameterization modeling, pick up character of object, and transferknowledge to work process which could be realized in computer basing oncharacter and the connection between characters. Finally give resultcheckout through examinationAuto body layout is going along basing on whole car layout with theinstruction thought that “consider human as the most important”. Eyellipseis the one of tools used in auto body layout. If could make use of principleof parameterization driving to create templet library of eyellipse by thefunction of CATIA V5 KBE module. In this way, in the future design it isconvenient for engineer to choose eyellipse with different percent and easyto design or check, not only efficiency could be improved but veracity couldbe increased.Auto body is the most important part in the whole car design, and mostof the tasks are to study the part of auto body layout and design. Traditionalauto body layout and design still need experience and painting by hand,there are many problems in it. In general, as the confirmation of overalldimensions, the dimension parameter about auto body also could beconfirmed primarily. With the confirmation of overall parameters and autobody most dimensions, other dimension parameter could be embodiedgradually and also make them to meet the demand of key dimensions. Bymaking use of the parameter a formula in the CATIA V5 KBE module to setup whole car overall dimensions, and take them as the primary controllingparameters of whole auto body layout.
引文
[1] 郭竹亭,汽车车身设计,吉林科学技术出版社,1992.10
[2] 龚礼洲,黄金陵、面向对象技术在基于知识的工程系统开发中的应用、汽车工程、2000.3
[3] 盛传禹,CATIA 曲线和曲面功能详解,机械工业出版社,2004.8
[4] 尤春风,CATIA V5 曲面造型,清华大学出版社,2004.3
[5] 唐文献、李莉敏、基于知识的概念创新设计、创新设计集锦
[6] 谢友柏、现代设计与知识获取、中国机械工程、1996 第 7 卷第 6 期
[7] 长春汽车研究所、汽车的总布置设计、汽车技术
[8] 沈梅,CATIA 环境下尺寸驱动的标准件建库,机械科学与技术,1998年第 17 卷第 2 期
[9] 张进军,知识工程在气道正向设计中的应用,
[10] 熊欣,钟诗清,马洪阁,CATIA V5 及其在轿车数字化工程中的应用,
[11] 丁岩,新一代的 CATIA V5,CAD/CAM 与制造业信息化,2003.4
[12] 龚晓群,CATIA V5 环境下的凸轮轴参数化设计,现代设计技术,2004.12
[13] 李红,CATIA V5 软件环境下客车车身数字化设计技术,客车技术与研究,第 26 卷第 6 期
[14] IBM CATIA online Documentation
[15] 黄晓云,基于参数化和专家系统技术的汽车总体设计 CAD 系统,自然科学报,2003.8
[16] 宁贵欣,CATIA V5 工业造型设计实例教程,清华大学出版社,2004
[17] 孙正兴,基于特征的机械设计 CAD 系统研究,机械设计,1996.3
[18] Light R.A.Gosard D.C. Modification of geometric models through variational geometry,CAD,1982,4
[19] 丁良旭等,基于知识工程的客车造型参数化设计研究,设计·计算·研究,2002.11
[20] 张健,基于知识工程的汽车整车设计理论与方法研究,同济大学博士论文,2002.6
[21] 龚礼洲,基于知识的汽车车身总布置系统的研究与开发,吉林大学博士论文,2000.6
[22] 俞瑞钊,人工智能原理与技术,浙江大学出版社,1996.11
[23] 王克宏等,知识工程与知识处理系统,清华大学出版社,1994.4
[24] 丁玉兰,人机工程学,北京理工大学出版社,1991
[25] 彭昆,轿车总布置设计中的车身设计参数相关性及质量参数算法研究,同济大学硕士论文,2000.1
[26] New developments in vehicle center of Gravity and Inertial Parameter Estimation and Measurement. SAE Paper 950356 February
[27] C.A.McMAHON, Knowledge-Based Systems for Automotive Engineering Design C427/15/176
[28] 黄国萍,周济,余俊,陈定方,基于特征的汽车车身几何建模与车身内布置概念设计系统的研究,交通与计算机,1996.6
[29] 董福春,闫九赢,变型车总布置设计,专用汽车,1998.4
[30] 吴海波,王凤艳,李炭,轿车总布置设计中人机工程应用的初步探讨,设计·计算·研究,2004.2
[31] 李晶华,李宏力,利用 KBE 技术进行车身设计的知识库及推理编程,机电产品开发与创新,2004.1
[32] 钟诗清,侯玉英,余席桂,汽车室内人体工程的布置设计,武汉工业大学学报,1998.6
[33] 周定陆,杜子学,汽车总体布置设计应考虑的问题,汽车研究与开发,2001.第 2 期
[34] 宋宝玉,李维斗等,人体工程学在计算机辅助汽车驾驶室布置中的应用,汽车工程,1997.6
[35] Richard D.Hale and Kurt Schueler, Knowledge-Based Software Systems for Composite Design, Analysis and Manufacturing, SAE Paper2002-01-1536
[36] Hugh Cumming and Yun Lu, Computer-Aided Vehicle Design and Packaging Using Standard Naming Design Methodology, SAE Paper2003011302
[37] Kazuhiro, Shinji Nishiwaki, Masataka Yoshimura, An Optimal Cross-Sectional Design Method for Automotive Body Frames
[38] Motor Vehicle Dimensions, SAEJ1100v004-2002
[39] Motor Vehicle Drivers' Locations, SAEJ941v002-1997
[40] CATIA V5 Knowledge & Automation, IBM PLM Solutions,2002.1
[41] 张峻霞,梅飞雪,赵俊芬,CATIA V5 人机工程学功能及应用,机械工程,2005.3
[42] 杨流辉,张和明,基于 COM 组件的 CATIA 产品信息集成技术研究与实现,工程与应用,2001.3
[43] 陈靖芯,徐晶,陆国民,蔡兰,基于 CATIA 的三维参数化建模方法及其应用,机械设计,2003.8
[44] DASSAULT SYSTEMS.CATIA V5 Knowledge advisor user's guide, DASSAULT SYSTEMS.
[45] Sehyun Myung, Soonhung Han. Knowledge-based parametric design of mechanical products based on configuration design method. Expert System with Applications,2001.10
[46] 路全胜,郭东明,冯辛安,智能 CAD 技术研究方法新进展,中国机械工程,1996.4
[47] 欧健,罗虹,眼椭圆在汽车人机设计中的应用,重庆工学院学报,2002.2
[48] 温吾凡,汽车人体工程学,吉林科学技术出版社,1991
[49] 袁苗龙,轿车车身内布置方案设计的一种基于实例推理的方法,交通与计算机,1996
[50] 高三德,基于特征的车身几何建模与汽车总布置设计系统的研究,交通与计算机,1995
[51] Graham Green , Management of multi-method engineering design research:a case study, ENGINGEERING AND TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT JET-M, 2002
[52] SAE J1516, Accommodation Tool Reference Point, SAE Recommended Practice
[53] Lizhou Gong, Jinling Huang, A Virtual Human-centered Design System for Auto-body Packaging, DHM2, Digital Human Model Conference
[2] 龚礼洲,黄金陵、面向对象技术在基于知识的工程系统开发中的应用、汽车工程、2000.3
[3] 盛传禹,CATIA 曲线和曲面功能详解,机械工业出版社,2004.8
[4] 尤春风,CATIA V5 曲面造型,清华大学出版社,2004.3
[5] 唐文献、李莉敏、基于知识的概念创新设计、创新设计集锦
[6] 谢友柏、现代设计与知识获取、中国机械工程、1996 第 7 卷第 6 期
[7] 长春汽车研究所、汽车的总布置设计、汽车技术
[8] 沈梅,CATIA 环境下尺寸驱动的标准件建库,机械科学与技术,1998年第 17 卷第 2 期
[9] 张进军,知识工程在气道正向设计中的应用,
[10] 熊欣,钟诗清,马洪阁,CATIA V5 及其在轿车数字化工程中的应用,
[11] 丁岩,新一代的 CATIA V5,CAD/CAM 与制造业信息化,2003.4
[12] 龚晓群,CATIA V5 环境下的凸轮轴参数化设计,现代设计技术,2004.12
[13] 李红,CATIA V5 软件环境下客车车身数字化设计技术,客车技术与研究,第 26 卷第 6 期
[14] IBM CATIA online Documentation
[15] 黄晓云,基于参数化和专家系统技术的汽车总体设计 CAD 系统,自然科学报,2003.8
[16] 宁贵欣,CATIA V5 工业造型设计实例教程,清华大学出版社,2004
[17] 孙正兴,基于特征的机械设计 CAD 系统研究,机械设计,1996.3
[18] Light R.A.Gosard D.C. Modification of geometric models through variational geometry,CAD,1982,4
[19] 丁良旭等,基于知识工程的客车造型参数化设计研究,设计·计算·研究,2002.11
[20] 张健,基于知识工程的汽车整车设计理论与方法研究,同济大学博士论文,2002.6
[21] 龚礼洲,基于知识的汽车车身总布置系统的研究与开发,吉林大学博士论文,2000.6
[22] 俞瑞钊,人工智能原理与技术,浙江大学出版社,1996.11
[23] 王克宏等,知识工程与知识处理系统,清华大学出版社,1994.4
[24] 丁玉兰,人机工程学,北京理工大学出版社,1991
[25] 彭昆,轿车总布置设计中的车身设计参数相关性及质量参数算法研究,同济大学硕士论文,2000.1
[26] New developments in vehicle center of Gravity and Inertial Parameter Estimation and Measurement. SAE Paper 950356 February
[27] C.A.McMAHON, Knowledge-Based Systems for Automotive Engineering Design C427/15/176
[28] 黄国萍,周济,余俊,陈定方,基于特征的汽车车身几何建模与车身内布置概念设计系统的研究,交通与计算机,1996.6
[29] 董福春,闫九赢,变型车总布置设计,专用汽车,1998.4
[30] 吴海波,王凤艳,李炭,轿车总布置设计中人机工程应用的初步探讨,设计·计算·研究,2004.2
[31] 李晶华,李宏力,利用 KBE 技术进行车身设计的知识库及推理编程,机电产品开发与创新,2004.1
[32] 钟诗清,侯玉英,余席桂,汽车室内人体工程的布置设计,武汉工业大学学报,1998.6
[33] 周定陆,杜子学,汽车总体布置设计应考虑的问题,汽车研究与开发,2001.第 2 期
[34] 宋宝玉,李维斗等,人体工程学在计算机辅助汽车驾驶室布置中的应用,汽车工程,1997.6
[35] Richard D.Hale and Kurt Schueler, Knowledge-Based Software Systems for Composite Design, Analysis and Manufacturing, SAE Paper2002-01-1536
[36] Hugh Cumming and Yun Lu, Computer-Aided Vehicle Design and Packaging Using Standard Naming Design Methodology, SAE Paper2003011302
[37] Kazuhiro, Shinji Nishiwaki, Masataka Yoshimura, An Optimal Cross-Sectional Design Method for Automotive Body Frames
[38] Motor Vehicle Dimensions, SAEJ1100v004-2002
[39] Motor Vehicle Drivers' Locations, SAEJ941v002-1997
[40] CATIA V5 Knowledge & Automation, IBM PLM Solutions,2002.1
[41] 张峻霞,梅飞雪,赵俊芬,CATIA V5 人机工程学功能及应用,机械工程,2005.3
[42] 杨流辉,张和明,基于 COM 组件的 CATIA 产品信息集成技术研究与实现,工程与应用,2001.3
[43] 陈靖芯,徐晶,陆国民,蔡兰,基于 CATIA 的三维参数化建模方法及其应用,机械设计,2003.8
[44] DASSAULT SYSTEMS.CATIA V5 Knowledge advisor user's guide, DASSAULT SYSTEMS.
[45] Sehyun Myung, Soonhung Han. Knowledge-based parametric design of mechanical products based on configuration design method. Expert System with Applications,2001.10
[46] 路全胜,郭东明,冯辛安,智能 CAD 技术研究方法新进展,中国机械工程,1996.4
[47] 欧健,罗虹,眼椭圆在汽车人机设计中的应用,重庆工学院学报,2002.2
[48] 温吾凡,汽车人体工程学,吉林科学技术出版社,1991
[49] 袁苗龙,轿车车身内布置方案设计的一种基于实例推理的方法,交通与计算机,1996
[50] 高三德,基于特征的车身几何建模与汽车总布置设计系统的研究,交通与计算机,1995
[51] Graham Green , Management of multi-method engineering design research:a case study, ENGINGEERING AND TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT JET-M, 2002
[52] SAE J1516, Accommodation Tool Reference Point, SAE Recommended Practice
[53] Lizhou Gong, Jinling Huang, A Virtual Human-centered Design System for Auto-body Packaging, DHM2, Digital Human Model Conference