载重平衡中的人误统计系统设计与开发
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摘要
载重平衡工作中的人误因素对飞行安全有着重要影响。本研究首先对载重平衡作了介绍,然后综述了当前国内外载重平衡人误研究的现状。通过对工作人员的人误原因导致的载重平衡不合理做出分析,如装载重量超过限制时起飞、着陆；货物、邮件、行李重量统计错误造成飞机舱单与实际载量不符、隐载起飞、重心位置超过包线起飞及着陆等情况,并着力于如何降低或减少配载及装载人员的人误原因,保证飞行的安全。
要对载重平衡的人误做出分析必须先收集相关数据,因此本研究详细分析了载重平衡人误统计系统的需求和架构,并比较不同的数据库访问技术和实现语言,最后选择B/S结构作为系统架构,结合SQL和ASP开发了一个载重平衡人误统计系统。该系统分为用户管理模块、数据录入模块、数据统计模块、数据查找模块和数据修改模块,这5个模块通过数据库访问模块与数据库进行连接。开发出来的系统简洁高效,不但能满足后续研究需要,而且可以为航空公司开发类似系统提供借鉴。
在载重平衡人误统计系统的基础之上,我们可以获得相关的载重平衡人误数据,并且通过将人误数据库SQL内的数据导入Excel中,可以直观的了解载重平衡人误事件发生的情况,结果显示超载起飞和超载落地是发生次数较多的人误事件。本研究分析了其风险来源和产生原因,然后借鉴相关的配载工作经验和公司操作规定,制定了配载工作作业指导。通过该作业指导制定和实施,可以有效的降低载重平衡人误事件的发生几率,将风险控制在可以接受的范围内,进而确保飞行安全。
The human error in load balancing work has an important impact on flight safety. Load balancing in this study were presented first, and then the overview in load balancing of the current domestic and international status in human error research was made. By analyze the unreasonalble error caused by staff in the load balancing, such as load weight exceeds the limit when the take-off and landing; cargo, mail, baggage weight of statistical error caused by the aircraft manifest and the actual load does not match, implicit set off, etc.,and focus on how to lower or reduce the human error in loading and stowage to ensure flight safety.
Want to analyze the human error in load balancing must collect relevant data, so this study analyzed the needs and stucture of the load balance human error statistical system. And compared the different database access technologies and the develop language, then choose the B/S Structure as the system architecture, combined with SQL and ASP, I developed a statistical system of human error in load balancing. The system is divided into the user management module, data entry module, statistics module, the data search module and data modification module, five modules through the database access module connect to the database. The system simple and efficient, not only meets the needs of follow-up study, but also as a similar system to provide a reference for the airline.
Based on the load balance human error statistical system, we can get the relevant human error data, and through import the human error data in SQL database into Excel, we can get an intuitive understanding of human error, The results showed that overload take-off and landing occurred more frequently as the human error. This study analyzed the risk sources and causes, and then referenced relevant work experience and company operation rules made a working guide of load operations. Through the implementation of the working guide,we can reduce the human error in load balancing effectively and ensure flight safety.
要对载重平衡的人误做出分析必须先收集相关数据,因此本研究详细分析了载重平衡人误统计系统的需求和架构,并比较不同的数据库访问技术和实现语言,最后选择B/S结构作为系统架构,结合SQL和ASP开发了一个载重平衡人误统计系统。该系统分为用户管理模块、数据录入模块、数据统计模块、数据查找模块和数据修改模块,这5个模块通过数据库访问模块与数据库进行连接。开发出来的系统简洁高效,不但能满足后续研究需要,而且可以为航空公司开发类似系统提供借鉴。
在载重平衡人误统计系统的基础之上,我们可以获得相关的载重平衡人误数据,并且通过将人误数据库SQL内的数据导入Excel中,可以直观的了解载重平衡人误事件发生的情况,结果显示超载起飞和超载落地是发生次数较多的人误事件。本研究分析了其风险来源和产生原因,然后借鉴相关的配载工作经验和公司操作规定,制定了配载工作作业指导。通过该作业指导制定和实施,可以有效的降低载重平衡人误事件的发生几率,将风险控制在可以接受的范围内,进而确保飞行安全。
The human error in load balancing work has an important impact on flight safety. Load balancing in this study were presented first, and then the overview in load balancing of the current domestic and international status in human error research was made. By analyze the unreasonalble error caused by staff in the load balancing, such as load weight exceeds the limit when the take-off and landing; cargo, mail, baggage weight of statistical error caused by the aircraft manifest and the actual load does not match, implicit set off, etc.,and focus on how to lower or reduce the human error in loading and stowage to ensure flight safety.
Want to analyze the human error in load balancing must collect relevant data, so this study analyzed the needs and stucture of the load balance human error statistical system. And compared the different database access technologies and the develop language, then choose the B/S Structure as the system architecture, combined with SQL and ASP, I developed a statistical system of human error in load balancing. The system is divided into the user management module, data entry module, statistics module, the data search module and data modification module, five modules through the database access module connect to the database. The system simple and efficient, not only meets the needs of follow-up study, but also as a similar system to provide a reference for the airline.
Based on the load balance human error statistical system, we can get the relevant human error data, and through import the human error data in SQL database into Excel, we can get an intuitive understanding of human error, The results showed that overload take-off and landing occurred more frequently as the human error. This study analyzed the risk sources and causes, and then referenced relevant work experience and company operation rules made a working guide of load operations. Through the implementation of the working guide,we can reduce the human error in load balancing effectively and ensure flight safety.
引文
[1]Aircraft Weight and Balance Handbook,FAA,2007年
[2]FAA Advisory Circular,FAA,2007年
[3]Wight And Balance,Civil Aeronautics Authority of New Zealand,2006年
[4]赵桂红,李晓津.《飞机配载方法的数学分析》《中国民航学院学报》,1999年17卷4期
[5]韩明亮,赵桂红.《航空运输生产组织》,天津科学技术出版社,1998
[6]荷兰国家航空航天研究所(NLR)科技期刊第251期2007年4月
[7]世界民航安全信息,《超重与失衡》《美国航空安全报告系统安全公告》,2003年第291期
[8]《飞机载重平衡安全管理和控制方法》航空工业出版社出版年：2007年
[9]徐刚.《飞机载重平衡安全研究———信息分析》《空运商务》,2007年第17期
[10]徐刚.《货机的载重平衡安全》《中国民用航空》,2007年第08期
[11]曾晓艳.《飞机的载重与平衡》民航学校运输专业教材编写组
[12]冯宇.《反思机组多加油》《民航管理》,2002年第四期
[13]AIRBUS S.A.S.《AIRBUS A320 WEIGHT AND BALANCE MANUAL》,FRANCE,2002
[14]AIRBUS S.A.S. 《A320 FAMILY WEIGHT AND BALANCE ENGINEER COURSE A320 WEIGHT AND BALANCE MANUAL》,FRANCE,2004
[15]孙金禄,徐月芳.《联程航班始发站货物配载问题研究》《江苏航空》,2008年第1期
[16]FAA-H-8083-1A《飞机载重平衡手册07版》
[17]AC120-27E《飞机载重平衡控制》
[18]U.S.Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration flight Standards Service 《Aircraft Weight and Balance Handbook》,2007
[19]《载重与平衡——理论与实践》,中国国际航空公司,1997年
[20]《运输经济(民航)专业知识与实务》,中国人事出版社,1996年
[21]WEIGHT AND BALANCE MANUAL AIR CHINA
[22]AIRBUS 《GETTING TO GRIPS WITH WEIGHT AND BALANCE》,FRANCE,2004年
[2]FAA Advisory Circular,FAA,2007年
[3]Wight And Balance,Civil Aeronautics Authority of New Zealand,2006年
[4]赵桂红,李晓津.《飞机配载方法的数学分析》《中国民航学院学报》,1999年17卷4期
[5]韩明亮,赵桂红.《航空运输生产组织》,天津科学技术出版社,1998
[6]荷兰国家航空航天研究所(NLR)科技期刊第251期2007年4月
[7]世界民航安全信息,《超重与失衡》《美国航空安全报告系统安全公告》,2003年第291期
[8]《飞机载重平衡安全管理和控制方法》航空工业出版社出版年：2007年
[9]徐刚.《飞机载重平衡安全研究———信息分析》《空运商务》,2007年第17期
[10]徐刚.《货机的载重平衡安全》《中国民用航空》,2007年第08期
[11]曾晓艳.《飞机的载重与平衡》民航学校运输专业教材编写组
[12]冯宇.《反思机组多加油》《民航管理》,2002年第四期
[13]AIRBUS S.A.S.《AIRBUS A320 WEIGHT AND BALANCE MANUAL》,FRANCE,2002
[14]AIRBUS S.A.S. 《A320 FAMILY WEIGHT AND BALANCE ENGINEER COURSE A320 WEIGHT AND BALANCE MANUAL》,FRANCE,2004
[15]孙金禄,徐月芳.《联程航班始发站货物配载问题研究》《江苏航空》,2008年第1期
[16]FAA-H-8083-1A《飞机载重平衡手册07版》
[17]AC120-27E《飞机载重平衡控制》
[18]U.S.Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration flight Standards Service 《Aircraft Weight and Balance Handbook》,2007
[19]《载重与平衡——理论与实践》,中国国际航空公司,1997年
[20]《运输经济(民航)专业知识与实务》,中国人事出版社,1996年
[21]WEIGHT AND BALANCE MANUAL AIR CHINA
[22]AIRBUS 《GETTING TO GRIPS WITH WEIGHT AND BALANCE》,FRANCE,2004年