围手术前期口服田七胶囊对慢性鼻窦炎术中出血量及凝血三项的影响
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摘要
背景
     鼻窦内窥镜手术是治疗慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉的有效手段之一,但术中出血一直是困扰手术医师的问题之一,出血严重影响了手术视野,使得术中解剖结构辨认不清,微细部位的处理难度加大,手术时间延长,增加了并发症的发生概率。如何控制和减少手术中出血量成为提高鼻窦内窥镜手术质量的一个关键性问题。
     目的
     将中医基础理论的“治未病”原则与鼻内窥镜外科学有机结合,尝试探索围手术前期口服田七胶囊对慢性鼻窦炎鼻内窥镜手术术中出血量以及凝血三项(凝血酶原时间、部分凝血活酶时间及纤维蛋白原)的影响。
     方法
     对80例诊断为慢性鼻窦炎2型的患者,按照进入研究的时间先后顺序,通过随机区组的方法将其分配到治疗组和对照组,治疗组除给予常规治疗之外按照3g/日的剂量标准辅助口服田七胶囊,对照组则按空白对照处理,对比两组术中出血量的差异以及每组治疗前后凝血三项的变化,同时比较两种不同的出血量的计算方法在结果上的差异性。
     结果
     治疗组平均术中出血量为132.8ml,对照组平均术中出血量为167.8ml,治疗组较对照组少35ml治疗组与对照组在出血量上无显著的差异性(P>0.05);经过围手术前期治疗后,治疗组凝血三项的三个指标的均有所下降,治疗前后凝血酶原时间缩短0.16s(P<0.05),部分凝血活酶时间缩短1.85s(P<0.01),纤维蛋白原数量减少0.16g/L(P<0.01),三个指标治疗前后的差异均具有显著性;对照组凝血酶原时间延长2.23s(P>0.05)、部分凝血活酶时间缩短0.79s(P>0.05)、纤维蛋白原数量减少0.01g/L(P>0.05),但三个指标治疗前后的差异均没有显著性:方法A计算得出的出血量均值为150.3ml,方法B计算得出的出血量均值为149.8ml,两种不同方法计算的出血量之间的差异不显著(P>0.05);治疗组及对照组入院和术前的PT、APTT、FIB值差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。
     结论
     在田七胶囊按照“一日3g,口服2天”的给药剂量前提下,在术前两天除常规治疗外给予口服田七胶囊可以适当的减少术中的出血量,但口服与不口服在出血量上的差异不明显;口服田七胶囊能明显缩短凝血酶原时间和部分凝血活酶时间,以及减少纤维蛋白原数量;两种不同计算方法得出的出血量基本没有差别。
Background
     Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (ESS) is a good way to treat Chronic Sinusitis (CS) and nasal polyps, but hemorrhage caused by the surgery is always a big problem puzzled surgeons. Bleeding made a negative influence on the vision of the surgery, enhanced the difficulty in dealing with the pathological changes due to hard to recognize the local anatomic structures, increased the risk of complications because of prolonged surgical time.
     Objective
     Through combining basic theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine in rules of "precaution for potential disease" and modern nasal endoscopic surgery, attend to explore the influence on volume of bleeding in Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) and three indexes of cruor function, including prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT)and fibrinogen (FIB),by prescribing capsules of Panax notoginsena in prophase of surgery for curing chronic sinusitis.
     Methods
     80 patients diagnosed for chronic sinusitis of type 2, distributed randomly to therapy group and blank group in average. 40 cases in therapy group accepted regular treatment and dosage of capsules of Panax notoginsena, 40 cases in blank group were only given regular treatment but without capsules of Panax notoginsena. Comparing the difference of hemorrhage in surgery between these two groups and evaluating the changes in PT、APTT and FIB in each group, meanwhile, to compare the difference in results of volume of bleeding derived from two different calculating methods.
     Results
     The average volume of bleeding in therapy group amounts to 132.8ml, the blank group is 167.8ml, there is no obvious difference in volume of bleeding between two groups (P>0.05). Through treatment in prophase of surgery, PT、APTT and FIB in therapy group all dropped mildly, PT shortened 0.16s (P<0.05), APTT dropped 1.85s (P<0.01), FIB reduced 0.16g/L (P<0.01); in blank group, PT prolonged 2.23s (P>0.05), APTT dropped 0.79s (P<0. 05), FIB reduced 0.01g/L (P>0.05), and there are obvious difference, in PT, APTT nd FIB, between before and after accepting treatment above in prophase of surgery in therapy group (P<0.05), but not in the blank group (P>0.05). The average volume of bleeding in counting method A is 150. 3ml, and 149. 8ml in method B, no significance lies in difference between these two ways in calculating the volume of hemorrhage (P>0.05). PT, APTT and FIB tested in entitled in hospital and in half an hour before surgery ali have no obvious significance between therapy and blank group (P>0.05).
     Conclusions
     On the dosage of 3g per day taking Panax notoginsena capsules for two days, except for taking regular treatment, taking capsules of Panax notoginsena could reduce the average volume of bleeding adequately, but there is no obvious difference in volume of hemorrhage whether taking it or not. Taking capsules of Panax notoginsena could obviously reduce PT and APTT, and decrease FIB. There is no difference between A and B method in counting the volume of bleeding.
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