南海北部陆坡深水区地质灾害机理与钻前预测
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摘要
深水钻井安全问题是制约深水油气工业发展的重要问题。论文利用高分辨率二维、三维地震资料,结合多波束水深测量,在我国南海北部陆坡深水区,选择最受重视的两个浅地层地质灾害问题浅水流和天然气水合物进行研究。
对潜在浅水流区域,采取以属性反演、超压分析为主,振幅识别为辅的方法进行预测。精细层序地层学解释发现,南海北部深水盆地存在上新世以来的古珠江深水水道沉积体系和第四纪水道,是潜在的浅水流砂体。基于遗传算法的混合反演方法发现,这些水道砂体泊松比高达0.49,纵横波速度比超过9,有效应力低、几乎表现出流体特性。推测深水水道发育区为潜在的浅水流危险区,并对其应力场状态进行分析。
对天然气水合物分解引起的地质灾害,采取振幅分析、属性判定为主的方法进行预测。通过分析在南海北部白云凹陷发现与天然气水合物分解相关的气烟囱和海底滑坡。气烟囱具有明显的强振幅、垂向分布、低频等特征,暗示气体主要由典型的天然气水合物循环机制形成。海底滑坡呈现明显的与水合物分解相关的几何形态和力学特征,滑坡体下部发育明显的双BSR构造,推测为古BSR残留,并对天然气水合物分解引起海底滑坡进行数值模拟。
Deepwater drilling risks have become a challenge, which constrain the development of oil and nature gas Industry and are globle problems. Drilling risks associated with shallow water flow (SWF) sands and gas hydrates have received the most attention. Using high resolution 2D seismic data, 3D seismic data and multi-beam bathymetric survey data, Both are researched on the northern of Souch China Sea(SCS).
The potention SWF sands were identified according to the theory of sequence stratigraphy. These sands occur in the deepwater channel depositional system of Baiyun depression, Pearl River Basin. The characters of the SWF sands were recoginized by integration with AVA inversion, fullwave inversion and poststack inversion. The SWF sands has low density, low velocity, high poisson ratio (0.49) and high Vp/Vs (>9) value.
The subsurface geohazards caused by gas hydrate dissolution were analyzed via seismic multiattribute techniques. The BSR, gas chimney and submarine slide were recoginze. gas chimney are typically circular and have a classic seismic expression on the reflected energy and similarity attributes that includes one or several of the following features: severely deteriorated data quality, near-vertical weak and/or incoherent reflections, pull-down effect. Submarine slide shows the typical geography and deformation characteristic associated with gas hydrate dissolution and the process of gas hydrate dissolution was simulated.
对潜在浅水流区域,采取以属性反演、超压分析为主,振幅识别为辅的方法进行预测。精细层序地层学解释发现,南海北部深水盆地存在上新世以来的古珠江深水水道沉积体系和第四纪水道,是潜在的浅水流砂体。基于遗传算法的混合反演方法发现,这些水道砂体泊松比高达0.49,纵横波速度比超过9,有效应力低、几乎表现出流体特性。推测深水水道发育区为潜在的浅水流危险区,并对其应力场状态进行分析。
对天然气水合物分解引起的地质灾害,采取振幅分析、属性判定为主的方法进行预测。通过分析在南海北部白云凹陷发现与天然气水合物分解相关的气烟囱和海底滑坡。气烟囱具有明显的强振幅、垂向分布、低频等特征,暗示气体主要由典型的天然气水合物循环机制形成。海底滑坡呈现明显的与水合物分解相关的几何形态和力学特征,滑坡体下部发育明显的双BSR构造,推测为古BSR残留,并对天然气水合物分解引起海底滑坡进行数值模拟。
Deepwater drilling risks have become a challenge, which constrain the development of oil and nature gas Industry and are globle problems. Drilling risks associated with shallow water flow (SWF) sands and gas hydrates have received the most attention. Using high resolution 2D seismic data, 3D seismic data and multi-beam bathymetric survey data, Both are researched on the northern of Souch China Sea(SCS).
The potention SWF sands were identified according to the theory of sequence stratigraphy. These sands occur in the deepwater channel depositional system of Baiyun depression, Pearl River Basin. The characters of the SWF sands were recoginized by integration with AVA inversion, fullwave inversion and poststack inversion. The SWF sands has low density, low velocity, high poisson ratio (0.49) and high Vp/Vs (>9) value.
The subsurface geohazards caused by gas hydrate dissolution were analyzed via seismic multiattribute techniques. The BSR, gas chimney and submarine slide were recoginze. gas chimney are typically circular and have a classic seismic expression on the reflected energy and similarity attributes that includes one or several of the following features: severely deteriorated data quality, near-vertical weak and/or incoherent reflections, pull-down effect. Submarine slide shows the typical geography and deformation characteristic associated with gas hydrate dissolution and the process of gas hydrate dissolution was simulated.
引文
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