技术与场所的融合
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摘要
高技术建筑(High-Tech Architecture)是指在建筑中坚持采用新技术、新材料及新工艺,同时在美学上也极力表现新技术、新材料和新工艺,通过对结构、材料和设备来表现建筑技术美的一支建筑流派。追根溯源,高技术建筑是对现代建筑的坚持和发扬,是一种很容易辨认出的现代主义分支。
高技术建筑在产生初始以先锋的姿态对抗当时颓废、迷乱的年代,之后又因其极端性而受到了广泛的质疑,并沉寂了一段时期。20世纪后期地域建筑理论的发展为高技术建筑获得新生奠定了理论基础。20世纪80年代后的高技术建筑已经逐步摆脱了早期自身的束缚,从地域性这一建筑的重要属性中寻找到突破口,将技术、自然、历史、传统文化有机地结合在一起。今天的高技术建筑在个性与环境意象的表现上日趋成熟,成为当今建筑创作中的热点。
本文以20世纪的文化发展为切入点,主要探讨高技术建筑地域化的动因、表现及意义。论文主体第一部分叙述了高技术建筑的产生、特征等早期高技术建筑的概况;第二部分通过对高技术建筑的自身条件和外部条件的变化发展,探讨了高技术建筑地域化的可能性和必然性;第三部分通过一系列实例论述了高技术建筑中地域化的表现;第四部分从技术和场所在人类发展史中的重要性中出发,阐述了高技术建筑地域化的意义——实现技术和场所的融合;第五部分则联系中国的实际,展望了高技术建筑地域化在中国的前景。
High-Tech architecture , an independent genre of contemporary architecture , sticks to adopting new technology , new material , and showing new technology through the new structures , material and equipments . For it develops the spirit and soul of modernism architecture . High-tech architecture is also regarded as its important branch of modernism .In high-tech's early stage , it resists dispirited and puzzled society as a pioneer at that time . However, high-tech architecture suffers extensively questions for its extremely, and quiets a short time. In 20~th later stage, the progress of region architecture theory makes high-tech get fresh nutrient. In 20th eightieth later stage, high-tech has already extricated itself from predicament gradually, and finds breakthrough point from region, which is an important properly of architecture. Today's high-tech architecture takes technology, nature, history, traditional culture combine together, it has became mature in individuality and a new environmental image, it will be a major trend in contemporary architecture development.The thesis uses the progress of 20th culture as basis, probes into the reason, manifestation and meaning of regional trend in high-tech architectural. Chapter 1 recounts high-tech are birth, characteristics and current development. Chapter 2 inquires into the impossible and certain of regional trend in high-tech through the progress of high-tech architectural it self's and outside conditions. Chapter 3 elucidates the expression of regional trend in high-tech architecture by analyzing a series of very detailed examples. Chapter 4 interprets the real life of the regional trend in high-tech architectural from the importance of technology and place in human's history. Chapter 5 discusses the perspective of the future development of high-tech architecture, and analyzes its current and future development in China.
高技术建筑在产生初始以先锋的姿态对抗当时颓废、迷乱的年代,之后又因其极端性而受到了广泛的质疑,并沉寂了一段时期。20世纪后期地域建筑理论的发展为高技术建筑获得新生奠定了理论基础。20世纪80年代后的高技术建筑已经逐步摆脱了早期自身的束缚,从地域性这一建筑的重要属性中寻找到突破口,将技术、自然、历史、传统文化有机地结合在一起。今天的高技术建筑在个性与环境意象的表现上日趋成熟,成为当今建筑创作中的热点。
本文以20世纪的文化发展为切入点,主要探讨高技术建筑地域化的动因、表现及意义。论文主体第一部分叙述了高技术建筑的产生、特征等早期高技术建筑的概况;第二部分通过对高技术建筑的自身条件和外部条件的变化发展,探讨了高技术建筑地域化的可能性和必然性;第三部分通过一系列实例论述了高技术建筑中地域化的表现;第四部分从技术和场所在人类发展史中的重要性中出发,阐述了高技术建筑地域化的意义——实现技术和场所的融合;第五部分则联系中国的实际,展望了高技术建筑地域化在中国的前景。
High-Tech architecture , an independent genre of contemporary architecture , sticks to adopting new technology , new material , and showing new technology through the new structures , material and equipments . For it develops the spirit and soul of modernism architecture . High-tech architecture is also regarded as its important branch of modernism .In high-tech's early stage , it resists dispirited and puzzled society as a pioneer at that time . However, high-tech architecture suffers extensively questions for its extremely, and quiets a short time. In 20~th later stage, the progress of region architecture theory makes high-tech get fresh nutrient. In 20th eightieth later stage, high-tech has already extricated itself from predicament gradually, and finds breakthrough point from region, which is an important properly of architecture. Today's high-tech architecture takes technology, nature, history, traditional culture combine together, it has became mature in individuality and a new environmental image, it will be a major trend in contemporary architecture development.The thesis uses the progress of 20th culture as basis, probes into the reason, manifestation and meaning of regional trend in high-tech architectural. Chapter 1 recounts high-tech are birth, characteristics and current development. Chapter 2 inquires into the impossible and certain of regional trend in high-tech through the progress of high-tech architectural it self's and outside conditions. Chapter 3 elucidates the expression of regional trend in high-tech architecture by analyzing a series of very detailed examples. Chapter 4 interprets the real life of the regional trend in high-tech architectural from the importance of technology and place in human's history. Chapter 5 discusses the perspective of the future development of high-tech architecture, and analyzes its current and future development in China.
引文
1.肯尼斯.弗兰姆普顿著.现代建筑---一部批判的历史.张钦楠译.北京:三联书店,2004
2.伊莉莎白·史密斯著.新高技派建筑.陈珍城译.南京:东南大学出版社,2001
3.窦以德等编译158.诺曼·福斯特.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1997
4.外国近现代建筑史.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1982
5.肯尼斯·弗莱姆顿.千年七题:不适时的宣言---国际建协第20届大会主旨报告.建筑学报,1998(8)
6.张彤.整体地域建筑理论框架概述.华中建筑,1999(3)
7.张伟,陈晓.传统、场所、自然与技术共生---“高技派”建筑的多元探索.建筑论坛,2002(4)
8.单军.记忆与忘却之间---奇芭欧文化中心前的随想.世界建筑,2000(9)
9.单黛娜和罗杰斯.理查德·罗杰斯事务所专访.叶南译.世界建筑导报,1997(5/6)
10.吴良镛.21世纪建筑学的展望“北京宪章”基础材料.华中建筑,1998(4)
11.张伟等.意大利建筑师皮阿诺的设计理念.新建筑,2000(6)
12.吴良镛.关于建筑学未来的几点思考.建筑学报,1997(2)
13.郑时龄,薛密编译.黑川纪章.中国建筑工业出版社,1997
14.周铁军,戴代新.世纪末的思索---从科学技术的发展看建筑的过去与未来.华中建筑1999(3)
15.祝峥,陈纲伦.高技派建筑之蜕变.建筑评论,1998(4)
16.周铁军,王雪松.基于可持续发展的传统技术现代化.华中建筑,2000(2)
17.张利.谈一种综合的建筑技术观.建筑学报,2002(1)
18.谢劲松,王小凡.建筑的地域性人文特征及其结构技术表现.建筑论坛,200(2)
19.周红燕,周铁军。可持续发展与传统技术的研究---适应气候的传统建筑与技术的更新.重庆建筑大学学报,2001(6)
20.刘先觉,葛明.当代世界建筑文化之走向.华中建筑,1998(4)
21.郑炜.谈谈场所存有观与高技术建筑.中外建筑
22.彭怒.多元化的总体趋势与新的主体文化的可能---战后西方建筑思潮的演变.时代建筑,1999(4)
23.赵晓峰,任国峰.近现代科技观念变革与建筑设计理论的思维进程.华中建筑,1999(4)
24.费彦.现象学与场所精神.武汉城市建设学院学报,1999(4)
25.程庆平,当代高技术建筑的地域化倾向.
26. Kenneth Frampton , "Prospects for a Critical Regionallism", Perspecta:The Yale Architectural Journal 20(1983)
27. Kenneth Frampton , "Modern Architecture: a Critical History"(thirdedition). Thams and Hudson, London , New York, 1992
28. Christian Norberg-Schulz , "Roots of Modern Architecture", A.D.A.EditaTokyo Co. Ltd, Tokyo ,1998
29. S.Giedion "regional approach that satisfies both cosmic and terrestrialconditions" "The New Regionalism", Architectural Record 1954, Reprinted in "Architecture , you and me ".
2.伊莉莎白·史密斯著.新高技派建筑.陈珍城译.南京:东南大学出版社,2001
3.窦以德等编译158.诺曼·福斯特.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1997
4.外国近现代建筑史.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1982
5.肯尼斯·弗莱姆顿.千年七题:不适时的宣言---国际建协第20届大会主旨报告.建筑学报,1998(8)
6.张彤.整体地域建筑理论框架概述.华中建筑,1999(3)
7.张伟,陈晓.传统、场所、自然与技术共生---“高技派”建筑的多元探索.建筑论坛,2002(4)
8.单军.记忆与忘却之间---奇芭欧文化中心前的随想.世界建筑,2000(9)
9.单黛娜和罗杰斯.理查德·罗杰斯事务所专访.叶南译.世界建筑导报,1997(5/6)
10.吴良镛.21世纪建筑学的展望“北京宪章”基础材料.华中建筑,1998(4)
11.张伟等.意大利建筑师皮阿诺的设计理念.新建筑,2000(6)
12.吴良镛.关于建筑学未来的几点思考.建筑学报,1997(2)
13.郑时龄,薛密编译.黑川纪章.中国建筑工业出版社,1997
14.周铁军,戴代新.世纪末的思索---从科学技术的发展看建筑的过去与未来.华中建筑1999(3)
15.祝峥,陈纲伦.高技派建筑之蜕变.建筑评论,1998(4)
16.周铁军,王雪松.基于可持续发展的传统技术现代化.华中建筑,2000(2)
17.张利.谈一种综合的建筑技术观.建筑学报,2002(1)
18.谢劲松,王小凡.建筑的地域性人文特征及其结构技术表现.建筑论坛,200(2)
19.周红燕,周铁军。可持续发展与传统技术的研究---适应气候的传统建筑与技术的更新.重庆建筑大学学报,2001(6)
20.刘先觉,葛明.当代世界建筑文化之走向.华中建筑,1998(4)
21.郑炜.谈谈场所存有观与高技术建筑.中外建筑
22.彭怒.多元化的总体趋势与新的主体文化的可能---战后西方建筑思潮的演变.时代建筑,1999(4)
23.赵晓峰,任国峰.近现代科技观念变革与建筑设计理论的思维进程.华中建筑,1999(4)
24.费彦.现象学与场所精神.武汉城市建设学院学报,1999(4)
25.程庆平,当代高技术建筑的地域化倾向.
26. Kenneth Frampton , "Prospects for a Critical Regionallism", Perspecta:The Yale Architectural Journal 20(1983)
27. Kenneth Frampton , "Modern Architecture: a Critical History"(thirdedition). Thams and Hudson, London , New York, 1992
28. Christian Norberg-Schulz , "Roots of Modern Architecture", A.D.A.EditaTokyo Co. Ltd, Tokyo ,1998
29. S.Giedion "regional approach that satisfies both cosmic and terrestrialconditions" "The New Regionalism", Architectural Record 1954, Reprinted in "Architecture , you and me ".