北汽福田营销公司管理信息系统优化及整合研究
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摘要
本文在综合叙述了企业信息化发展建设的基础上,对论文研究的内容、方法和逻辑结构等各方面做了详细的介绍,为论文的后续研究做好了理论依据。
本文的主题部分首先阐述了企业信息化发展的历程,并根据企业信息化的发展阶段分别分析中国汽车商用车企业及乘用车企业的营销信息化建设现状;在此基础上着重分析北汽福田营销公司信息化建设现状的典型案例,分析了信息化系统具体实施过程中面临的各类应用问题、业务问题、管理问题等;然后,分析了随着时间的推移、管理的逐步完善及信息化技术的进步才能出现的解决方案,为汽车企业提供可以参考借鉴的典型案例。最后重点阐述信息化整合及优化发展的具体措施,并对信息化目前的发展方向予以提及叙述,尤其目前流行汽车行业浪潮前端的BI商务智能体系研究做出展望。
本文主要运用企业调研方法、聚类分析法及系统分析法,对国内的主要企业分类进行研究调查,了解在目前企业的信息化建设的最新情况和最近动向,在对几家主要企业定量调查研究的基础上,对企业信息化的模式进行分析,并且把具有典型代表性的企业信息化加以分析研究,其结果可以为目前当代汽车企业信息化发展参考借鉴的信息化模式。
This time research purpose lies in for the car business enterprise field scope of modern organize better geography a solution the information problem of technique exploitation and management, challenge and trend to provide reference and support.
The ERP(the Planning of the Enterprise Resource) business enterprise resources plans, the ERP is a kind of management theories and management thought, not only is an information system only. It makes use of all resources of business enterprise, including internal resources and exterior market resources, is a business enterprise to make a product or provide a service to create the superior solution, end attain the target of the management of business enterprise. Here not is study ER theories but is the point mentions its application in car business enterprise. The SAP(Systems, the Data Processing of the Products in of the Application and) is the pioneer of ERP solution, it can provide an overall solution for various business enterprise of profession, different scale. So the SAP item is to use the SAP function strong system, the forerunner's management thought, the perfect solution does of item, the SAP is 1 according to customer/service machine structure with open system, integration of the business enterprise resources plan system. Its function overlays finance, logistics(engineering design, purchase, stock, produce sale and quality etc.) and human resource of business enterprise to manage, SAP business the work flow system and Internet to apply a chain to connect function etc.
The point analyzed now the information-based development stage of the car business enterprise to turn a problem, and combine to these problems the business enterprise information-based development trend put forward the integration in the business enterprise information-based process excellent turn of research contents.
Managing the information system is the system that a person, process, the comprehensive integral whole of the information technique of business enterprise category turns. Its integration and excellent turn as well from the integration erupted the management angle of exhibition to inquiry into the business enterprise information-based construction a kind of new management theories, have to the outstanding business enterprise is information-based to construct system of the system structure of the system integrity is foundation but excellent turn the perfect.
BI(Business Intelligence) business intelligence, and then call business intelligence, the business intelligence is usually comprehended in order to convert the existing data in the business enterprise as knowledge, the business which helps a business enterprise to do an advisability conducts to make policy of tool. The data talked includes to come from business enterprise business the order, stock of the system and trades_ account, customer and supplier etc. to comes from a business enterprise the data of place profession and rival and come from a business enterprise various data in other exterior environments of place here. And the business intelligence can lend support to of the business management make policy, since can be operation layer of, can be the decision of military tactics layer and strategic layer. The end presents the knowledge to the governor, providing support for the governor's decision process. It is the essential development direction that numerous ERP carry out currently.
本文的主题部分首先阐述了企业信息化发展的历程,并根据企业信息化的发展阶段分别分析中国汽车商用车企业及乘用车企业的营销信息化建设现状;在此基础上着重分析北汽福田营销公司信息化建设现状的典型案例,分析了信息化系统具体实施过程中面临的各类应用问题、业务问题、管理问题等;然后,分析了随着时间的推移、管理的逐步完善及信息化技术的进步才能出现的解决方案,为汽车企业提供可以参考借鉴的典型案例。最后重点阐述信息化整合及优化发展的具体措施,并对信息化目前的发展方向予以提及叙述,尤其目前流行汽车行业浪潮前端的BI商务智能体系研究做出展望。
本文主要运用企业调研方法、聚类分析法及系统分析法,对国内的主要企业分类进行研究调查,了解在目前企业的信息化建设的最新情况和最近动向,在对几家主要企业定量调查研究的基础上,对企业信息化的模式进行分析,并且把具有典型代表性的企业信息化加以分析研究,其结果可以为目前当代汽车企业信息化发展参考借鉴的信息化模式。
This time research purpose lies in for the car business enterprise field scope of modern organize better geography a solution the information problem of technique exploitation and management, challenge and trend to provide reference and support.
The ERP(the Planning of the Enterprise Resource) business enterprise resources plans, the ERP is a kind of management theories and management thought, not only is an information system only. It makes use of all resources of business enterprise, including internal resources and exterior market resources, is a business enterprise to make a product or provide a service to create the superior solution, end attain the target of the management of business enterprise. Here not is study ER theories but is the point mentions its application in car business enterprise. The SAP(Systems, the Data Processing of the Products in of the Application and) is the pioneer of ERP solution, it can provide an overall solution for various business enterprise of profession, different scale. So the SAP item is to use the SAP function strong system, the forerunner's management thought, the perfect solution does of item, the SAP is 1 according to customer/service machine structure with open system, integration of the business enterprise resources plan system. Its function overlays finance, logistics(engineering design, purchase, stock, produce sale and quality etc.) and human resource of business enterprise to manage, SAP business the work flow system and Internet to apply a chain to connect function etc.
The point analyzed now the information-based development stage of the car business enterprise to turn a problem, and combine to these problems the business enterprise information-based development trend put forward the integration in the business enterprise information-based process excellent turn of research contents.
Managing the information system is the system that a person, process, the comprehensive integral whole of the information technique of business enterprise category turns. Its integration and excellent turn as well from the integration erupted the management angle of exhibition to inquiry into the business enterprise information-based construction a kind of new management theories, have to the outstanding business enterprise is information-based to construct system of the system structure of the system integrity is foundation but excellent turn the perfect.
BI(Business Intelligence) business intelligence, and then call business intelligence, the business intelligence is usually comprehended in order to convert the existing data in the business enterprise as knowledge, the business which helps a business enterprise to do an advisability conducts to make policy of tool. The data talked includes to come from business enterprise business the order, stock of the system and trades_ account, customer and supplier etc. to comes from a business enterprise the data of place profession and rival and come from a business enterprise various data in other exterior environments of place here. And the business intelligence can lend support to of the business management make policy, since can be operation layer of, can be the decision of military tactics layer and strategic layer. The end presents the knowledge to the governor, providing support for the governor's decision process. It is the essential development direction that numerous ERP carry out currently.
引文
[1]Vivek Kale SAP软件实施 中国人民大学出版社 2003 4(13-17):227-293
[2]姚友胜 基于网络的企业内部控制 中国财政经济出版社 20063(4):107-125
[3]赖茂生,王芳 信息经济学 北京大学出版社 2006 9(1-6):152-193
[4]靖继鹏,张海涛等 企业信息规划与管理 机械工业出版200610(4):57-83
[5]信息资源管理的前沿领域 科学出版社 200510:123-144
[6]企业信息化集成管理 北京邮电大学出版社20063(1-4)46-71
[7]傅元略 企业信息化下的财务监控 中国财政经济出版2003 8(1-6):137-164
[8]庄明来等电子商务会计研究 中国财政经济出版社20046(1-3):137-168
[9]刘飞,张晓冬,杨丹等. 制造系统工程. 北京:国防工业出版社, 2000
[10]周玉清,刘伯莹,刘伯钧. MRPⅡ原理与实施. 天津: 天津大学出版社, 2000
[11]Jay Lee. 关于未来制造业的战略思考. 中国机械工程, 1999, 10(4):1-3
[12]雷源忠. 美国制造业的发展战略、研究近况及我们的对策. 中国机械工程, 1994, 5(2):63-64
[13]朱丽兰. 世纪之交—与高科技专家对话. 沈阳: 辽宁教育出版社, 1995
[14]罗鸿. ERP原理、设计与实施. 北京: 电子工业出版社, 2002, 3
[15]李伯虎, 戴国忠. CIMS应用示范工程10年回顾与展望. 计算机集成制造系统—CIMS. 1998, 4(3) :3-9
[16]温咏棠. MRPⅡ制造资源计划系统. 北京: 机械工业出版社, 1994
[17]Moran R T, Riesenberger J R. The global challenge:building the new worldwide enterprise. McGraw-Hill, 1994
[18]叶宏谟.企业资源规划-制造业管理篇. 北京: 电子工业出版社, 2000, 8
[19]祁国宁. 制造企业的产品数据管理. 北京: 机械工业出版社, 2000
[20]童茵, 冯祖仁. MRPII中参数化产品结构分解及其面向对象解决方法的研究. 系统工程理论方法应用, 1999,8(4):61-67
[21]Roger N, Rick D. 21st century manufacturing enterprise strategy: an industry-led view. Iacocca Institute. Lehigh University. 1991
[22]蒋新松, 张申生.敏捷竞争的挑战与思考. 计算机集成制造系统—CIMS. 1996, 2(1):3-9
[23]王惠芬, 徐少春, 段 文. 编著. 企业应用MRPII/ERP的理论与案例分析. 北京:北京出版社, 2001, (7): 271-279
[24]黄兴亚. 信息编码技术及其应用大全.第一版. 北京: 电子工业出版社,1994
[25]刘植婷, 鲍仲平. 企业信息分类编码. the First International Conference on Mechanical Engineering (ICME 2000), 2000(11)
[26]张毅. 企业资源计划. 北京: 电子工业出版社, 2001
[27]管理从金字塔转向扁平化 http: //www.mystar.com.cn/p2612.htm
[28]Sen A, Sivakumar A I, Gay R.PREFACE. In: Proc. of the 4th International Conference on CIM. Singapore. Springer. 1997, 1
[29]郝彦辉, 郝永敬, 王茉, 张学民.MRPⅡ与JIT的比较与集成. 工业工程2000, 3(3): 21-24
[30]李荣彬,林发荣,马永军. 分散网络化制造——香港制造业再发展的模式. 中国机械工程, 1998, 34(6):102-108
[31]刘飞,但斌,尹超等. 陶瓷产品网络化制造与销售示范系统. 重庆:重庆大学, 2000
[32]刘锦兴,秦叶,李荣彬等. 基于信息网络的异地协同设计与制造系统研究.中国机械工程, 1998, 10(8):882-884
[33]高迎平,赵文燕.“拉动式”MRPⅡ初探, 工业工程 1999, 2(2): 26-29
[34](美)阿尔温·托夫勒. 第三次浪潮, 三联出版社, 1994
[35]黄志清. 网络化设计及其关键支持技术研究与实践[博士学位论文]. 重庆:重庆大学, 2001
[36]定制营销让企业更有竞争力—海尔的市场细分 http: //www.dafan.com/MBAcase/002haier.htm
[37]Zhao F M, Wang Z S, Zhang Y, et al. Networked manufacturing and its key techniques. Proc of the 1st Int Conf on Mechanical Engineering, Beijing, China Machine Press, 2000(CD-ROM)
[38]Smith C S, Wright P K. Cybercut:a word wide web based design to fabrication tool. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, Jan 1996
[39]Ahn S H, RoundyS, Wright P K, et al. Design consultant: network-based concurrent design enterprise. Proc of the ASME 1999 Int Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition, Nashville, USA, 1999:563-569
[40]Liu Fei, Cheng Xiaohui, Zhang Hua. The Resource Flowing Model of Green Manufacturing Systems. Proc.of 4th International Conference on CIM, Oct.1997, Singapore:188-194
[41]F,Liu. H, Zhang. NJ, He. Concept and Architecture of Green Integrated Manufacturing Systems. The 5th International Conference on Computer Integrated Manufacturing, Singapore. Mar, 2000:43-51
[42]B.Joseph Pine II. Mass Customization: The New Frontier in BusinessCompetition. [M].Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 1993
[43]Anderson D M, et al, Agile Product Development for Mass Customization, Niche Market, JIT, Build-to-Order and Flexible Manufacturing[M], New York, McGrw-Hill, 1997
[44]卢骁骏. 面向大批量定制生产的项目管理的理论与系统研究. 浙江大学硕士学位论文, 1999
[45]Tseng, M. M. and Jiao, J. Design for mass customization. Annals of the CIRP, 1996, 45(1) 153-156
[46]王丽亚:《国营大中型企业推行MRPⅡ新途径的探索》,中国机械工程学会第五次工业工程学术会议论文集,天津大学出版社,1997年。
[47]温咏棠:《MRPⅡ制造资源计划系统》,机械工业出版社,1994年8月。
[48]周玉清,刘伯莹,刘伯钧:《MRPⅡ原理与实施》,天津大学出版,1994年。
[49]张列平:《制造资源计划--MRPⅡ原理与实践》,上海交通大学出版社,1992年10月。
[50]陈信祥:《R/3--MRPⅡ的发展与思考》,企业管理出版社1997年第2期。
[51]魏云峰,张列平 基于行业特点的MRPⅡ与精益生产实施分析1997年第6期。
[52]陈兵兵. MRPⅡ的新发展,《计算机世界》,1998年1月。
[53]钱基广. 正确认识和选择ERP软件,《中国计算机报》,1999年第69期。
[54]EDS公司《FUTIAN IT ROADMAP FINAL》,2002年3月,30-38
[55]初壮. 《MRPⅡ原理和应用基础》,清华大学出版社,1997年。15-19
[56]刘鲁.《信息系统设计原理与应用》,北京航空航天大学出版社,1995年
[57]黄卫伟.《生产与作业管理》,中国人民大学出版社,1997年。
[58]仁见胜.《生产系统论—现代生产的技术与理论》,机械工业出版社
[59]姚宝根.《现代企业信息化管理》,上海大学出版社,2001年6月。
[60]熊峰《福田公司ERP实施的建设》,2002年4月
[2]姚友胜 基于网络的企业内部控制 中国财政经济出版社 20063(4):107-125
[3]赖茂生,王芳 信息经济学 北京大学出版社 2006 9(1-6):152-193
[4]靖继鹏,张海涛等 企业信息规划与管理 机械工业出版200610(4):57-83
[5]信息资源管理的前沿领域 科学出版社 200510:123-144
[6]企业信息化集成管理 北京邮电大学出版社20063(1-4)46-71
[7]傅元略 企业信息化下的财务监控 中国财政经济出版2003 8(1-6):137-164
[8]庄明来等电子商务会计研究 中国财政经济出版社20046(1-3):137-168
[9]刘飞,张晓冬,杨丹等. 制造系统工程. 北京:国防工业出版社, 2000
[10]周玉清,刘伯莹,刘伯钧. MRPⅡ原理与实施. 天津: 天津大学出版社, 2000
[11]Jay Lee. 关于未来制造业的战略思考. 中国机械工程, 1999, 10(4):1-3
[12]雷源忠. 美国制造业的发展战略、研究近况及我们的对策. 中国机械工程, 1994, 5(2):63-64
[13]朱丽兰. 世纪之交—与高科技专家对话. 沈阳: 辽宁教育出版社, 1995
[14]罗鸿. ERP原理、设计与实施. 北京: 电子工业出版社, 2002, 3
[15]李伯虎, 戴国忠. CIMS应用示范工程10年回顾与展望. 计算机集成制造系统—CIMS. 1998, 4(3) :3-9
[16]温咏棠. MRPⅡ制造资源计划系统. 北京: 机械工业出版社, 1994
[17]Moran R T, Riesenberger J R. The global challenge:building the new worldwide enterprise. McGraw-Hill, 1994
[18]叶宏谟.企业资源规划-制造业管理篇. 北京: 电子工业出版社, 2000, 8
[19]祁国宁. 制造企业的产品数据管理. 北京: 机械工业出版社, 2000
[20]童茵, 冯祖仁. MRPII中参数化产品结构分解及其面向对象解决方法的研究. 系统工程理论方法应用, 1999,8(4):61-67
[21]Roger N, Rick D. 21st century manufacturing enterprise strategy: an industry-led view. Iacocca Institute. Lehigh University. 1991
[22]蒋新松, 张申生.敏捷竞争的挑战与思考. 计算机集成制造系统—CIMS. 1996, 2(1):3-9
[23]王惠芬, 徐少春, 段 文. 编著. 企业应用MRPII/ERP的理论与案例分析. 北京:北京出版社, 2001, (7): 271-279
[24]黄兴亚. 信息编码技术及其应用大全.第一版. 北京: 电子工业出版社,1994
[25]刘植婷, 鲍仲平. 企业信息分类编码. the First International Conference on Mechanical Engineering (ICME 2000), 2000(11)
[26]张毅. 企业资源计划. 北京: 电子工业出版社, 2001
[27]管理从金字塔转向扁平化 http: //www.mystar.com.cn/p2612.htm
[28]Sen A, Sivakumar A I, Gay R.PREFACE. In: Proc. of the 4th International Conference on CIM. Singapore. Springer. 1997, 1
[29]郝彦辉, 郝永敬, 王茉, 张学民.MRPⅡ与JIT的比较与集成. 工业工程2000, 3(3): 21-24
[30]李荣彬,林发荣,马永军. 分散网络化制造——香港制造业再发展的模式. 中国机械工程, 1998, 34(6):102-108
[31]刘飞,但斌,尹超等. 陶瓷产品网络化制造与销售示范系统. 重庆:重庆大学, 2000
[32]刘锦兴,秦叶,李荣彬等. 基于信息网络的异地协同设计与制造系统研究.中国机械工程, 1998, 10(8):882-884
[33]高迎平,赵文燕.“拉动式”MRPⅡ初探, 工业工程 1999, 2(2): 26-29
[34](美)阿尔温·托夫勒. 第三次浪潮, 三联出版社, 1994
[35]黄志清. 网络化设计及其关键支持技术研究与实践[博士学位论文]. 重庆:重庆大学, 2001
[36]定制营销让企业更有竞争力—海尔的市场细分 http: //www.dafan.com/MBAcase/002haier.htm
[37]Zhao F M, Wang Z S, Zhang Y, et al. Networked manufacturing and its key techniques. Proc of the 1st Int Conf on Mechanical Engineering, Beijing, China Machine Press, 2000(CD-ROM)
[38]Smith C S, Wright P K. Cybercut:a word wide web based design to fabrication tool. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, Jan 1996
[39]Ahn S H, RoundyS, Wright P K, et al. Design consultant: network-based concurrent design enterprise. Proc of the ASME 1999 Int Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition, Nashville, USA, 1999:563-569
[40]Liu Fei, Cheng Xiaohui, Zhang Hua. The Resource Flowing Model of Green Manufacturing Systems. Proc.of 4th International Conference on CIM, Oct.1997, Singapore:188-194
[41]F,Liu. H, Zhang. NJ, He. Concept and Architecture of Green Integrated Manufacturing Systems. The 5th International Conference on Computer Integrated Manufacturing, Singapore. Mar, 2000:43-51
[42]B.Joseph Pine II. Mass Customization: The New Frontier in BusinessCompetition. [M].Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 1993
[43]Anderson D M, et al, Agile Product Development for Mass Customization, Niche Market, JIT, Build-to-Order and Flexible Manufacturing[M], New York, McGrw-Hill, 1997
[44]卢骁骏. 面向大批量定制生产的项目管理的理论与系统研究. 浙江大学硕士学位论文, 1999
[45]Tseng, M. M. and Jiao, J. Design for mass customization. Annals of the CIRP, 1996, 45(1) 153-156
[46]王丽亚:《国营大中型企业推行MRPⅡ新途径的探索》,中国机械工程学会第五次工业工程学术会议论文集,天津大学出版社,1997年。
[47]温咏棠:《MRPⅡ制造资源计划系统》,机械工业出版社,1994年8月。
[48]周玉清,刘伯莹,刘伯钧:《MRPⅡ原理与实施》,天津大学出版,1994年。
[49]张列平:《制造资源计划--MRPⅡ原理与实践》,上海交通大学出版社,1992年10月。
[50]陈信祥:《R/3--MRPⅡ的发展与思考》,企业管理出版社1997年第2期。
[51]魏云峰,张列平 基于行业特点的MRPⅡ与精益生产实施分析1997年第6期。
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