基于SOA的企业信息系统架构设计
摘要
SOA(service-oriented architecture,面向服务的架构)是一种设计思想,也是一种粗粒度、松耦合的系统架构模型。该架构模型能为企业提供敏捷的、高效的系统,来对不断变化的业务逻辑进行快速部署,使企业的信息系统成为一种可以利用的战略资源。
相比传统的企业级架构方案,SOA具有更完善的集成性、更好的敏捷性、更高的重用性等优势。本文设计了一套基于SOA的企业信息系统架构模型,在该架构模型中着重设计了面向服务的三个层:服务控制层,业务逻辑层,数据访问层。在面向服务层中,为了保证服务间的灵活安全通信,本文给出了一种服务总线的设计方案。
实例部分,根据某公司的实际开发情况,运用了上述系统架构模型,并对模型中的具体业务服务进行了设计分析。最后,在面向服务的员工门户中进行了部分服务的编码实现。
Global economic integration had created a fierce market environment, the changes in the market had lead to ever-changing business, enterprises must be very sensitive to such changes, and quickly adjust business strategies, to adapt to these changes. IT departments of enterprise must be able to change the company's strategy, quickly and efficiently adjust and deploy new information systems. However, now enterprises have been in hot water. In the process of development and maintenance of information system, the enterprises have to encounter two major problems: "not agile" and the "low efficient".
SOA (Service-Oriented Architecture) precisely the emergence of enterprise software architecture to meet the changing needs of this, so that enterprises need to change in the IT system has greatly increased flexibility.
SOA is a design idea, is a wide granularity, loosely coupled model of the system architecture. In this model system various business operations are converted into services, with standard interfaces for users to call. Enterprises can mix and reuse these services module for business integration, so can rapid respond to business changes. Compared to traditional information system software architecture, SOA has the following advantages:
1. With the combination of various operational services, it can provide a better integrated system to the enterprise.
2. SOA is loosely coupled, high reusability architecture, it can ensure enterprise rapidly disposed when business had changed.
3. In the development process new system largely reuse the IT asset of original systems, greatly reducing the development cycle and development costs.
This paper is based on management science and engineering subject, with a perspective of system analyst, designs and researches SOA-based enterprise information system architecture, provides reference for software development of the enterprise management information system.
In this paper the design of SOA-based enterprise information system architecture. Compared to the traditional application project, increase a level of a service-oriented, particular carved up as: service control layer, business logic layer, data access layer. Throughout the service layer, we will be operational packaged as wide granularity, easily reusable services entities, and the system launched by the service control layer release, registration of the services, and accept that the call of UI. These business services which were about persistent operation in the database were achieved through the operation of the data access layer. In these service-oriented architecture layer, from a business point of view, the service is corresponding to the real business activities or business activities of a component, from a technical point of view, the interface and implementation services are separate from each other, the petitioner in UI layer will be able use the services only providing of communications interface, It achieves transparency of the technology. In order to solve the problem of services communication in the service layer, this paper proposes a design method of Enterprise Service Bus, the service bus includes three functions: information transfer, event-driven and service management.
The application of information systems in this paper is based on the case of a secondary development of one insurance company. In the process of corporate internships, I have investigated about the former information system, and have analyzed the new system requirement, and designed SOA-based information system architecture, with helping a view to corporate information systems for secondary development. First of all, from a business perspective as well as a technical perspective,It analyzed the feasibility of the project. Secondly analyzed and designed services layer and business logic layer, designed the business service environment, the environment of top service domain includes insurance services, insuring and checking insuring services, accounting services, reconnaissance services, compensate and checking compensate services, reinsurance services, such good design reduces the coupling of services. Then based on the relation united process I designed the business case analysis and design process. Then the insurance case with the examples described in the services definition:①vertical partition;②with different levels of reusability of code;③separation frequent changes and relative stability of the service. In a creative way, this paper proposed a method of transform from the original application to the SOA, and analyzed insurance business as an example. Finally, this paper designed a service-oriented enterprise application, mainly coded on safety inspection, authorized service, and the task list querying services.
相比传统的企业级架构方案,SOA具有更完善的集成性、更好的敏捷性、更高的重用性等优势。本文设计了一套基于SOA的企业信息系统架构模型,在该架构模型中着重设计了面向服务的三个层:服务控制层,业务逻辑层,数据访问层。在面向服务层中,为了保证服务间的灵活安全通信,本文给出了一种服务总线的设计方案。
实例部分,根据某公司的实际开发情况,运用了上述系统架构模型,并对模型中的具体业务服务进行了设计分析。最后,在面向服务的员工门户中进行了部分服务的编码实现。
Global economic integration had created a fierce market environment, the changes in the market had lead to ever-changing business, enterprises must be very sensitive to such changes, and quickly adjust business strategies, to adapt to these changes. IT departments of enterprise must be able to change the company's strategy, quickly and efficiently adjust and deploy new information systems. However, now enterprises have been in hot water. In the process of development and maintenance of information system, the enterprises have to encounter two major problems: "not agile" and the "low efficient".
SOA (Service-Oriented Architecture) precisely the emergence of enterprise software architecture to meet the changing needs of this, so that enterprises need to change in the IT system has greatly increased flexibility.
SOA is a design idea, is a wide granularity, loosely coupled model of the system architecture. In this model system various business operations are converted into services, with standard interfaces for users to call. Enterprises can mix and reuse these services module for business integration, so can rapid respond to business changes. Compared to traditional information system software architecture, SOA has the following advantages:
1. With the combination of various operational services, it can provide a better integrated system to the enterprise.
2. SOA is loosely coupled, high reusability architecture, it can ensure enterprise rapidly disposed when business had changed.
3. In the development process new system largely reuse the IT asset of original systems, greatly reducing the development cycle and development costs.
This paper is based on management science and engineering subject, with a perspective of system analyst, designs and researches SOA-based enterprise information system architecture, provides reference for software development of the enterprise management information system.
In this paper the design of SOA-based enterprise information system architecture. Compared to the traditional application project, increase a level of a service-oriented, particular carved up as: service control layer, business logic layer, data access layer. Throughout the service layer, we will be operational packaged as wide granularity, easily reusable services entities, and the system launched by the service control layer release, registration of the services, and accept that the call of UI. These business services which were about persistent operation in the database were achieved through the operation of the data access layer. In these service-oriented architecture layer, from a business point of view, the service is corresponding to the real business activities or business activities of a component, from a technical point of view, the interface and implementation services are separate from each other, the petitioner in UI layer will be able use the services only providing of communications interface, It achieves transparency of the technology. In order to solve the problem of services communication in the service layer, this paper proposes a design method of Enterprise Service Bus, the service bus includes three functions: information transfer, event-driven and service management.
The application of information systems in this paper is based on the case of a secondary development of one insurance company. In the process of corporate internships, I have investigated about the former information system, and have analyzed the new system requirement, and designed SOA-based information system architecture, with helping a view to corporate information systems for secondary development. First of all, from a business perspective as well as a technical perspective,It analyzed the feasibility of the project. Secondly analyzed and designed services layer and business logic layer, designed the business service environment, the environment of top service domain includes insurance services, insuring and checking insuring services, accounting services, reconnaissance services, compensate and checking compensate services, reinsurance services, such good design reduces the coupling of services. Then based on the relation united process I designed the business case analysis and design process. Then the insurance case with the examples described in the services definition:①vertical partition;②with different levels of reusability of code;③separation frequent changes and relative stability of the service. In a creative way, this paper proposed a method of transform from the original application to the SOA, and analyzed insurance business as an example. Finally, this paper designed a service-oriented enterprise application, mainly coded on safety inspection, authorized service, and the task list querying services.
引文
[1]Bass, Len, Paul, Clements. Software Architecture in Practice[M]. Addision-Wesley,2003.
[2]Eric Newcomer, Greg Lomow. Understanding SOA with Web Service[M]. Addision-Wesler,2005.
[3]Barry, Douglas K. Web Services and Service Oriented Architectures: The Savvy Manager`s Guide[M]. Morgan Kaufmann,2003.
[4]Olaf Zimmermann, Pal Krogdahl, Clive Gee. Elements of Service-Oriented Analysis and Design-An interdisciplinary modeling approach for SOA projects [J]. Developer Works, 2004.
[5] Erl, Thomas. Service-Oriented Architectures[M]. Prentice Hall,2004.
[6]Scott de Deugd, Randy Carroll, Kevin E. Kelly, Bill Millett, and Jeffrey Ricker. SODA: Service-Oriented Device Architecture[J]. PERVASIVE computing,2006,7:93-96.
[7]Dirk Krafzig, Karl Banke, Dirk Slama. Enterprise SOA(中文版) [M]. 北京:清华大学出版社,2006,7.
[8]Scott,K 著,付宇光,朱剑平译. 统一过程精解[M]. 北京:清华大学出版社,2005,4.
[9]Martin Fowler. 企业应用架构模式[M]. 北京:机械工业出版社,2004,7.
[10]Steve Graham. Building Web Services With Java: Making Sense of XML, SOAP, WSDL, and UDDI[M]. Sams,2004.
[11]O`Neil, Mark et al. Web Services Security[M]. McGraw Hill,2003.
[12]W3C. Web Services Architecture [EB/OL]. http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/NOTE-ws-arch-20040211. 2004.
[13]IBM. SOA and Web services [EB/OL]. http://www-900.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/newto/websvc.shtml. 2004.8.
[14]IBM. 企业服务总线介绍 [EB/OL]. http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/ws-soa-progmodel4/#N100BB.2005.7.
[15]希赛. SOA 专题 [EB/OL]. http://se.csai.cn/zt/SOA/index.asp
[16]通信世界网. SOA 的架构理念是什么?[EB/OL]. http://www.cww.net.cn/tech/html/2007/11/9/20071191020143569.htm. 2007.11.9.
[17]IBM. SOA——面向服务的体系结构 [EB/OL]. http://www-128.ibm.com/developerw/webservices/ws-themelws-soa.html. 2004.7.
[18]叶宇风. 基于 SOA 的企业应用集成研究[J]. 微电子学与计算机,2006,12:211-213.
[19]王恩德.利用 SOA 构建新一代企业管理信息系统[J]. 吉林大学学报(信息科学版),2006,5:323-329.
[20]柴晓路. Web 服务架构与开放互操作技术[M]. 北京:清华大学出版社,2002,6.
[21]黄春灏. 基于 SOA 的银行系统设计模式[J]. 经济纵横,2006,5:72-73.
[22]周晖. 基于 Web 服务的企业应用集成技术研究[J]. 浙江大学论文集,2004:10-25
[23]梁华,李飞雪. 基于 SOA 的金融自助服务系统的设计[J]. 中国金融电脑,2006,9:49-53.
[24]孙华林,赵正文. 基于 Web Services 的面向服务架构(SOA)的探索与研究[J]. 信息技术,2007,31:50-53 .
[25]张传芹,范波,朱明磊. 基于 SOA 模式的企业级应用程序的架构设计[J]. 数字石油和化工,2006,3:49-53.
[26]孙冬冬,张景,李军怀等. 基于 XML、SOAP 的企业应用集成技术[J]. 计算机工程与应用,2003,31:23-25.
[27]朱明磊,黄磊. 基于 SOA 模式的企业级应用程序的架构设计[J]. 电脑知识与技术,2005,17:71-75.
[28]叶钰,应时等. 面向服务体系结构及其系统构建研究[J]. 计算机应用研究,2005,2:32-34.
[29]王 豫,谷建华,张海辉. 一种新的企业服务总线架构设计方案[J]. 微电子学与计算机,2007,24(3):105-107.
[30]童鑫,李军义. 面向 SOA 的企业服务总线研究与实现[J]. 计算机应用,2008,28(3):819-822.
[31]杨靖. 用企业服务总线(ESB)对 SOA 的改进与应用[D]. 重庆大学,2005,10.
[32]朱美珍. 应用 SOA 构建新一代企业信息管理系统[D]. 东北财经大学,2006,12.
[33]宋振蔚. 基于面向服务架构(SOA)的企业销售系统设计与实现[D]. 中山大学,2006,4.
[34]程晓雷.社会保险信息系统特点及架构设计[J]. 电子政务,2005,5:71-77.
[35]曾雪梅,李志蜀. XML Web Services 技术在基本医疗保险系统中的应用[J]. 计算机应用研究,2004,10:257-260.
[36]阎宏. Java 与设计模式[M]. 北京:电子工业出版社,2002.
[37]刘瑜,张世馄,王立福,杨芙清. 基于构件的软件框架与角色扩展形态的研究[J]. 软件学报,2003,12:8-10.
[38]李春霞,高大启,王新华. 基于 J2EE 平台面向服务的体系结构研究与应用[J]. 计算机系统应用,2006,6:68-75.?
[2]Eric Newcomer, Greg Lomow. Understanding SOA with Web Service[M]. Addision-Wesler,2005.
[3]Barry, Douglas K. Web Services and Service Oriented Architectures: The Savvy Manager`s Guide[M]. Morgan Kaufmann,2003.
[4]Olaf Zimmermann, Pal Krogdahl, Clive Gee. Elements of Service-Oriented Analysis and Design-An interdisciplinary modeling approach for SOA projects [J]. Developer Works, 2004.
[5] Erl, Thomas. Service-Oriented Architectures[M]. Prentice Hall,2004.
[6]Scott de Deugd, Randy Carroll, Kevin E. Kelly, Bill Millett, and Jeffrey Ricker. SODA: Service-Oriented Device Architecture[J]. PERVASIVE computing,2006,7:93-96.
[7]Dirk Krafzig, Karl Banke, Dirk Slama. Enterprise SOA(中文版) [M]. 北京:清华大学出版社,2006,7.
[8]Scott,K 著,付宇光,朱剑平译. 统一过程精解[M]. 北京:清华大学出版社,2005,4.
[9]Martin Fowler. 企业应用架构模式[M]. 北京:机械工业出版社,2004,7.
[10]Steve Graham. Building Web Services With Java: Making Sense of XML, SOAP, WSDL, and UDDI[M]. Sams,2004.
[11]O`Neil, Mark et al. Web Services Security[M]. McGraw Hill,2003.
[12]W3C. Web Services Architecture [EB/OL]. http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/NOTE-ws-arch-20040211. 2004.
[13]IBM. SOA and Web services [EB/OL]. http://www-900.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/newto/websvc.shtml. 2004.8.
[14]IBM. 企业服务总线介绍 [EB/OL]. http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/ws-soa-progmodel4/#N100BB.2005.7.
[15]希赛. SOA 专题 [EB/OL]. http://se.csai.cn/zt/SOA/index.asp
[16]通信世界网. SOA 的架构理念是什么?[EB/OL]. http://www.cww.net.cn/tech/html/2007/11/9/20071191020143569.htm. 2007.11.9.
[17]IBM. SOA——面向服务的体系结构 [EB/OL]. http://www-128.ibm.com/developerw/webservices/ws-themelws-soa.html. 2004.7.
[18]叶宇风. 基于 SOA 的企业应用集成研究[J]. 微电子学与计算机,2006,12:211-213.
[19]王恩德.利用 SOA 构建新一代企业管理信息系统[J]. 吉林大学学报(信息科学版),2006,5:323-329.
[20]柴晓路. Web 服务架构与开放互操作技术[M]. 北京:清华大学出版社,2002,6.
[21]黄春灏. 基于 SOA 的银行系统设计模式[J]. 经济纵横,2006,5:72-73.
[22]周晖. 基于 Web 服务的企业应用集成技术研究[J]. 浙江大学论文集,2004:10-25
[23]梁华,李飞雪. 基于 SOA 的金融自助服务系统的设计[J]. 中国金融电脑,2006,9:49-53.
[24]孙华林,赵正文. 基于 Web Services 的面向服务架构(SOA)的探索与研究[J]. 信息技术,2007,31:50-53 .
[25]张传芹,范波,朱明磊. 基于 SOA 模式的企业级应用程序的架构设计[J]. 数字石油和化工,2006,3:49-53.
[26]孙冬冬,张景,李军怀等. 基于 XML、SOAP 的企业应用集成技术[J]. 计算机工程与应用,2003,31:23-25.
[27]朱明磊,黄磊. 基于 SOA 模式的企业级应用程序的架构设计[J]. 电脑知识与技术,2005,17:71-75.
[28]叶钰,应时等. 面向服务体系结构及其系统构建研究[J]. 计算机应用研究,2005,2:32-34.
[29]王 豫,谷建华,张海辉. 一种新的企业服务总线架构设计方案[J]. 微电子学与计算机,2007,24(3):105-107.
[30]童鑫,李军义. 面向 SOA 的企业服务总线研究与实现[J]. 计算机应用,2008,28(3):819-822.
[31]杨靖. 用企业服务总线(ESB)对 SOA 的改进与应用[D]. 重庆大学,2005,10.
[32]朱美珍. 应用 SOA 构建新一代企业信息管理系统[D]. 东北财经大学,2006,12.
[33]宋振蔚. 基于面向服务架构(SOA)的企业销售系统设计与实现[D]. 中山大学,2006,4.
[34]程晓雷.社会保险信息系统特点及架构设计[J]. 电子政务,2005,5:71-77.
[35]曾雪梅,李志蜀. XML Web Services 技术在基本医疗保险系统中的应用[J]. 计算机应用研究,2004,10:257-260.
[36]阎宏. Java 与设计模式[M]. 北京:电子工业出版社,2002.
[37]刘瑜,张世馄,王立福,杨芙清. 基于构件的软件框架与角色扩展形态的研究[J]. 软件学报,2003,12:8-10.
[38]李春霞,高大启,王新华. 基于 J2EE 平台面向服务的体系结构研究与应用[J]. 计算机系统应用,2006,6:68-75.?