基于SOA的Web应用和动态服务组合技术的研究与实现
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摘要
随着技术的飞速进步和业务需求的与日俱增,存在于每个企业中的信息系统也在不断更新和增加,由于每个系统开发的年代不同、开发采用的工具、语言不同、系统运行的平台不同,这造成了系统之间不能很好的通信,使得一项业务逻辑想通过几个系统关联起来使用都变得困难,例如给企业内某客户发送短消息至少就要涉及到CRM(客户关系管理)系统和短信系统。不仅如此,这些系统内部架构的复杂程度、可重复利用的程度以及对新系统的可兼容程度也成为了人们不得不面临的巨大问题。
面向服务构架(SOA)为解决这一问题提供了新的思路,为传统的企业应用整合(Enterprise Application Integration)带来了一场革命,它是一种面向功能层的企业系统集成方式。该方式不仅能保证原有系统的数据安全性和逻辑安全性,而且还能实现各系统之间的松耦合,方便系统流程的重组和优化。
本文从SOA的核心概念——“服务”出发,详细论述了面向服务的概念和Web服务在应用整合过程中所起的作用。在将传统的J2EE构架与SOA进行对比分析之后,就一个具体的项目,提出了一个完整、灵活的整合方案,该方案可以顺利有效地处理例如新老系统的整合、跨平台跨系统通讯、改进服务注册、动态服务组合等一系列问题。
本文将基于SOA的整合方案应用到SANY科技的一个WEB系统中,从服务的角度去看待系统功能并且构建和实现应用,更好地实现了服务、提供服务、组织并组合服务以整合应用,结合了与事件驱动结合的企业服务总线、服务注册、服务关系网络、动态服务组合、服务流程的事务处理等相关技术,使服务的管理、部署、调用更加方便灵活。在服务组合方面,本文从服务关系网络的角度进行了建模,并通过笔者自己提出的算法,对服务的动态组合方法进行了实现,同时通过引入了服务代理和服务质量这两个概念,实现了服务流程的动态执行;在服务流程的事务处理方面,本文采取补偿的方式对服务流程进行事务处理,给出了补偿服务的具体实现,并在补偿服务中实现了对服务质量的测定。
As rapid development of technology and increasing requirement of business,the number fo information systems in every enterprise is continuously increasing.It seems that there is communication problem between these systems,because of differences between development ages,development tools,languages and platform on which system is running,and it makes using a business operation correlated with several systems hard.For example,sending a short message to a certain client relates to CRM system and short message system.What's more,complicated architecture,degree of reusability and compatibility bring people huge problems which they cannot avoid.
SOA(Service-Oriented Architecture)provide a new way to solve these problems,and it is are revolution for traditional enterprise application integration(EAI).It is also a function-oriented way of EAI.This way can not only ensure the original data security and logic security of system,but also realize loosely coupled system and it is convinient for reorgnisation and optimization of system process.
This paper,started from the core conception of SOA——service,describes the details on conception of service-oriented architecture and function of web service in process of integration.With the analyse and compare of differences between Traditional J2EE Architecture and SOA,the writer find a complete and flexible solution to a series of problems such as integration between new and old systems,cross-platform inter-system communications,developed service registration,dynamic service composition and so on. Properties of integration method based SOA are analized in this paper and solution which is implemented in the remote supervisory control platform of Shanghai SANY Science&Technology Company contents many technology such as esb,developed service registeration,service network,dynamic service composition.Particularly,in the aspect of dynamic service composition and dynamic execution of business process,the writer gives his algorithm and realization.In the aspect of Transaction Processing of business process,the writer realises the compensation service and method of Qos detection in the compensation service.
面向服务构架(SOA)为解决这一问题提供了新的思路,为传统的企业应用整合(Enterprise Application Integration)带来了一场革命,它是一种面向功能层的企业系统集成方式。该方式不仅能保证原有系统的数据安全性和逻辑安全性,而且还能实现各系统之间的松耦合,方便系统流程的重组和优化。
本文从SOA的核心概念——“服务”出发,详细论述了面向服务的概念和Web服务在应用整合过程中所起的作用。在将传统的J2EE构架与SOA进行对比分析之后,就一个具体的项目,提出了一个完整、灵活的整合方案,该方案可以顺利有效地处理例如新老系统的整合、跨平台跨系统通讯、改进服务注册、动态服务组合等一系列问题。
本文将基于SOA的整合方案应用到SANY科技的一个WEB系统中,从服务的角度去看待系统功能并且构建和实现应用,更好地实现了服务、提供服务、组织并组合服务以整合应用,结合了与事件驱动结合的企业服务总线、服务注册、服务关系网络、动态服务组合、服务流程的事务处理等相关技术,使服务的管理、部署、调用更加方便灵活。在服务组合方面,本文从服务关系网络的角度进行了建模,并通过笔者自己提出的算法,对服务的动态组合方法进行了实现,同时通过引入了服务代理和服务质量这两个概念,实现了服务流程的动态执行;在服务流程的事务处理方面,本文采取补偿的方式对服务流程进行事务处理,给出了补偿服务的具体实现,并在补偿服务中实现了对服务质量的测定。
As rapid development of technology and increasing requirement of business,the number fo information systems in every enterprise is continuously increasing.It seems that there is communication problem between these systems,because of differences between development ages,development tools,languages and platform on which system is running,and it makes using a business operation correlated with several systems hard.For example,sending a short message to a certain client relates to CRM system and short message system.What's more,complicated architecture,degree of reusability and compatibility bring people huge problems which they cannot avoid.
SOA(Service-Oriented Architecture)provide a new way to solve these problems,and it is are revolution for traditional enterprise application integration(EAI).It is also a function-oriented way of EAI.This way can not only ensure the original data security and logic security of system,but also realize loosely coupled system and it is convinient for reorgnisation and optimization of system process.
This paper,started from the core conception of SOA——service,describes the details on conception of service-oriented architecture and function of web service in process of integration.With the analyse and compare of differences between Traditional J2EE Architecture and SOA,the writer find a complete and flexible solution to a series of problems such as integration between new and old systems,cross-platform inter-system communications,developed service registration,dynamic service composition and so on. Properties of integration method based SOA are analized in this paper and solution which is implemented in the remote supervisory control platform of Shanghai SANY Science&Technology Company contents many technology such as esb,developed service registeration,service network,dynamic service composition.Particularly,in the aspect of dynamic service composition and dynamic execution of business process,the writer gives his algorithm and realization.In the aspect of Transaction Processing of business process,the writer realises the compensation service and method of Qos detection in the compensation service.
引文
[1]Eric Newcomer,Greg Lomow.Understanding SOA with Web Services.Publishing house of electronics industry,2006.
[2]Thomas Erl.Services-Oriented Architecture Concepts,Technology,and Design.China Machine Press,2007.
[3]Barry,Douglas K.Web Services and Service Oriented Architecture:The Savvy Manager's Guide.Morgan Kaufrnann,2003.
[4]Chatterjee,Sandeep and James Webber.Developing Enterprise Web Services:An Architect's Guide.Upper Saddle River,NJ:Prentice Hall PTR,2004.
[5]Harold Elliotte Rusty.Processing XML with Java:A Guide to SAX,DOM,JDOM,JAXP and TrAX.Boston,MA:Addison-Wesley,2003.
[6]Erl,Thomas.Service-Oriented Architecture,A Field Guide to Integrating XML and Web Service.Upper Saddle River,NJ:Prentice Hall,2004.
[7]Kaye,Doug.Loosely Coupled:The Missing Pieces of Web Services.Rds Associates Inc,August 2003
[8]Manes,Anne Thomas.Web Services:A Manager's Guide.Boston,MA:Addison-Wensley,2003
[9]O'Neil,Mark et al.Web Services Security.McGraw Hill,2003
[10]Sun Microsystems Java 2 Platform,Enterprise Edition defines the standard for developing component-based,multi-tier,enterprise applications.http://java.sun.com/j2ee/
[11]WSDL 1.1:http://www.w3.org/TR/wsdl
[12]SOAP 1.1:http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/NOTE-SOAP-20000508
[13]SOAP 1.2:http://www.w3.org/2000/xp/Group/
[14]XML Binary Optimized Packaging:http://www.w3.org/TR/xop10/
[15]Web Services Architecture:http://www.w3.org/TR/ws-arch/
[16]XML home page:http://www.w3.org/XML
[17]UDDI:http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=uddi-spec
[18]WSDL:http://www.wr.org/2002/ws/desc/
[19]Web Services Business Process Execution Language (WS-BPEL):http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=wsbpel
[20]Eric Liu.Start up for Mule.2007
[21]Sanjiva Weerawarana.IBM Corporation.Understanding BPEL4WS Part 1.Dec 2002.http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/ws-bpelcoll/index.html?S_TACT=105AGX52& S_CMP=cn-a-ws
[22]Sanjiva Weerawarana.IBM Corporation.Understanding BPEL4WS Part 2.Dec 2002.http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/ws-bpelco12/index.html?S_TACT=105AGX52&S_CMP=cn-a-ws
[23]Peter Brittenham.IBM Corporation.Understanding WSDL of UDDI Center.http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/ws-wsdl3 /index.html?S_TACY=105AGX52&S_CMP=cn-a-ws
[24]曹翔.Java环境下的Axis与XFire性能测试。Csdn.http://blog.csdn.net/java_xiang/archive/2007/06/08/1643902.aspx
[25]Web性能的”八秒钟规则”可靠吗?IT博客网。http://www.cnitblog.com/qiuyangzh/archive/2005/08/16/2133.html
[26]郑奕.Web Services的服务质量(Quality of Service)模型与度量研究.硕士学位论文2006.
[27]田鹏.基于SOA的企业服务总线研究与实现.电子科技大学.硕士学位论文.2006
[28]周迎凤.基于BPEL的动态服务组合研究。浙江大学.硕士学位论文.2006.
[29]王丰锦.基于语义Web服务的动态服务组合技术研究.中国科学院研究生院.博士学位论文.2003.
[30]郎大为.基于语义Web服务的服务组合与匹配算法研究.大连理工大学.硕士学位论文.2005.
[31]万亮.基于SOA与EDA的综合构架应用研究.武汉理工大学.硕士学位论文.2006.
[32]王建伟.基于Web Services的SOA构架设计方法的研究.大连海事大学.硕士学位论文.2006
[33]林齐圣.基于SOA的企业级电子商务交易平台的研究与实现.国防科学技术大学研究生院.硕士学位论文.2005
[34]张锡芳.对使用基于Web Service的SOA开发分布系统的方法论的分析与研究.上海交通大学.硕士学位论文.2005
[35]杨恒宇.基于SOA的WEB应用系统的研究与实现.合肥工业大学.硕士学位论文.2006.
[36]陈琳.面向服务体系结构(SOA)的研究与应用。华东师范大学。硕士学位论文.2004.
[37]董武高.基于SOA的制造企业信息化研究.四川大学.硕士学位论文.2005.
[38]刘巍.用基于Web服务的SOA实现分布式应用系统集成的研究.北京工业大学.硕士学位论文.2005.
[39]魏东.基于SOA体系结构软件开发的研究与实现.西北大学.硕士学位论文.2005.
[40]谭伟,范玉顺.网络化制造环境下服务匹配与合成问题研究.清华大学自动化系.中 图分类号:TP391 TH164.
[41]高岩,那俊,张斌,杨雷,叶蕾.支持动态服务组合的Web服务三层组织模型.小型微型计算机系统.2006年10月第10期.P1879-P1882
[42]朱晓娟.李敬兆.基于SOA&Web Service的企业应用集成研究.安徽理工大学.中围分类号:TP302文献标识码:A文章编号:1009-3044(2007)01-10107—02.
[43]郭玉彬,王新忠,奚建清.SOA事务处理系统设计与实现.计算机应用研究.2007年11月第11期。P218-P221
[45]范里.一种基于事件驱动的服务组合机制研究.河海大学计算机信息与工程学院.中图分类号:TP311.
[46]Robbie Clark.BPEL事务与补偿机制.开发者在线Builder.com.cn.http://www.builder.com.cn/2007/1215/683294.shtml
[47]Jean-Louis Marechaux.通过企业服务总线组合面向服务的体系结构和事件驱动的体系结构.http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/ws-soa-eda-esb/index.html
[48]JavaEye技术网站.实战Mule利用Mule调用XFire发布的Web服务.http://hideto.javaeye.com/blog/65607
[49]Peter Brittenham,Francisco Cubem,Dave Ehnebuske,Steve Graham理解UDDI注册中心的WSDL.http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/ws-uwsdl/part1/index.html
[50]申兆亮.Web网格服务中事务的同步研究.山东科技大学.工程硕士学位论文.2005
[51]Sean Carey.实现动态BPEL流程.ORACLE.COM OTN技术网.http://www.oracle.com/technology/global/cn/pub/articles/bpel_cookbook/carey.html
[2]Thomas Erl.Services-Oriented Architecture Concepts,Technology,and Design.China Machine Press,2007.
[3]Barry,Douglas K.Web Services and Service Oriented Architecture:The Savvy Manager's Guide.Morgan Kaufrnann,2003.
[4]Chatterjee,Sandeep and James Webber.Developing Enterprise Web Services:An Architect's Guide.Upper Saddle River,NJ:Prentice Hall PTR,2004.
[5]Harold Elliotte Rusty.Processing XML with Java:A Guide to SAX,DOM,JDOM,JAXP and TrAX.Boston,MA:Addison-Wesley,2003.
[6]Erl,Thomas.Service-Oriented Architecture,A Field Guide to Integrating XML and Web Service.Upper Saddle River,NJ:Prentice Hall,2004.
[7]Kaye,Doug.Loosely Coupled:The Missing Pieces of Web Services.Rds Associates Inc,August 2003
[8]Manes,Anne Thomas.Web Services:A Manager's Guide.Boston,MA:Addison-Wensley,2003
[9]O'Neil,Mark et al.Web Services Security.McGraw Hill,2003
[10]Sun Microsystems Java 2 Platform,Enterprise Edition defines the standard for developing component-based,multi-tier,enterprise applications.http://java.sun.com/j2ee/
[11]WSDL 1.1:http://www.w3.org/TR/wsdl
[12]SOAP 1.1:http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/NOTE-SOAP-20000508
[13]SOAP 1.2:http://www.w3.org/2000/xp/Group/
[14]XML Binary Optimized Packaging:http://www.w3.org/TR/xop10/
[15]Web Services Architecture:http://www.w3.org/TR/ws-arch/
[16]XML home page:http://www.w3.org/XML
[17]UDDI:http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=uddi-spec
[18]WSDL:http://www.wr.org/2002/ws/desc/
[19]Web Services Business Process Execution Language (WS-BPEL):http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=wsbpel
[20]Eric Liu.Start up for Mule.2007
[21]Sanjiva Weerawarana.IBM Corporation.Understanding BPEL4WS Part 1.Dec 2002.http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/ws-bpelcoll/index.html?S_TACT=105AGX52& S_CMP=cn-a-ws
[22]Sanjiva Weerawarana.IBM Corporation.Understanding BPEL4WS Part 2.Dec 2002.http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/ws-bpelco12/index.html?S_TACT=105AGX52&S_CMP=cn-a-ws
[23]Peter Brittenham.IBM Corporation.Understanding WSDL of UDDI Center.http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/ws-wsdl3 /index.html?S_TACY=105AGX52&S_CMP=cn-a-ws
[24]曹翔.Java环境下的Axis与XFire性能测试。Csdn.http://blog.csdn.net/java_xiang/archive/2007/06/08/1643902.aspx
[25]Web性能的”八秒钟规则”可靠吗?IT博客网。http://www.cnitblog.com/qiuyangzh/archive/2005/08/16/2133.html
[26]郑奕.Web Services的服务质量(Quality of Service)模型与度量研究.硕士学位论文2006.
[27]田鹏.基于SOA的企业服务总线研究与实现.电子科技大学.硕士学位论文.2006
[28]周迎凤.基于BPEL的动态服务组合研究。浙江大学.硕士学位论文.2006.
[29]王丰锦.基于语义Web服务的动态服务组合技术研究.中国科学院研究生院.博士学位论文.2003.
[30]郎大为.基于语义Web服务的服务组合与匹配算法研究.大连理工大学.硕士学位论文.2005.
[31]万亮.基于SOA与EDA的综合构架应用研究.武汉理工大学.硕士学位论文.2006.
[32]王建伟.基于Web Services的SOA构架设计方法的研究.大连海事大学.硕士学位论文.2006
[33]林齐圣.基于SOA的企业级电子商务交易平台的研究与实现.国防科学技术大学研究生院.硕士学位论文.2005
[34]张锡芳.对使用基于Web Service的SOA开发分布系统的方法论的分析与研究.上海交通大学.硕士学位论文.2005
[35]杨恒宇.基于SOA的WEB应用系统的研究与实现.合肥工业大学.硕士学位论文.2006.
[36]陈琳.面向服务体系结构(SOA)的研究与应用。华东师范大学。硕士学位论文.2004.
[37]董武高.基于SOA的制造企业信息化研究.四川大学.硕士学位论文.2005.
[38]刘巍.用基于Web服务的SOA实现分布式应用系统集成的研究.北京工业大学.硕士学位论文.2005.
[39]魏东.基于SOA体系结构软件开发的研究与实现.西北大学.硕士学位论文.2005.
[40]谭伟,范玉顺.网络化制造环境下服务匹配与合成问题研究.清华大学自动化系.中 图分类号:TP391 TH164.
[41]高岩,那俊,张斌,杨雷,叶蕾.支持动态服务组合的Web服务三层组织模型.小型微型计算机系统.2006年10月第10期.P1879-P1882
[42]朱晓娟.李敬兆.基于SOA&Web Service的企业应用集成研究.安徽理工大学.中围分类号:TP302文献标识码:A文章编号:1009-3044(2007)01-10107—02.
[43]郭玉彬,王新忠,奚建清.SOA事务处理系统设计与实现.计算机应用研究.2007年11月第11期。P218-P221
[45]范里.一种基于事件驱动的服务组合机制研究.河海大学计算机信息与工程学院.中图分类号:TP311.
[46]Robbie Clark.BPEL事务与补偿机制.开发者在线Builder.com.cn.http://www.builder.com.cn/2007/1215/683294.shtml
[47]Jean-Louis Marechaux.通过企业服务总线组合面向服务的体系结构和事件驱动的体系结构.http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/ws-soa-eda-esb/index.html
[48]JavaEye技术网站.实战Mule利用Mule调用XFire发布的Web服务.http://hideto.javaeye.com/blog/65607
[49]Peter Brittenham,Francisco Cubem,Dave Ehnebuske,Steve Graham理解UDDI注册中心的WSDL.http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/ws-uwsdl/part1/index.html
[50]申兆亮.Web网格服务中事务的同步研究.山东科技大学.工程硕士学位论文.2005
[51]Sean Carey.实现动态BPEL流程.ORACLE.COM OTN技术网.http://www.oracle.com/technology/global/cn/pub/articles/bpel_cookbook/carey.html