基于Internet的集装箱港口EDI系统理论研究与实现
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摘要
物流业的发展将迫使港口功能逐渐由传统的货物装卸、搬运、储存及加工功能发展成为现代物流配送服务。随着Internet技术的高速发展，港口内部及港口物流企业之间的相互联系日趋紧密。高效而可靠的数据交换方式是港口提高运作效率、降低运作成本、增强港口竞争力的基础。没有统一数据格式的信息交换已成为阻碍港口EDI广泛开展的最大障碍。建设统一的信息交换系统服务于港口各应用系统之间的数据交换，以及与港口物流企业之间的信息共享，将物流与信息流相互配合，将传统模式转化为新型物流模式已经成为我们面临的一个崭新的课题。
本文结合上海港务集团公司、中港水运规划设计院课题：“基于虚拟现实的集装箱码头的仿真优化”以集装箱港口为对象开发一个信息交换系统，主要研究基于Internet的电子数据交换。
本文共分五章。第1章重点介绍了EDI(Electronic Data Interchange)技术和可扩展标记语言(XML，eXtensible Markup Language)及其相关技术。第2章着重对XML／EDI系统中的几个关键技术作了深入研究，即XML文档与关系数据库之间的数据交换技术、XSLT转换XML为标准格式的技术、Schema验证XML格式的技术。第3章研究了基于Internet的集装箱港口EDI系统的总体设计。利用Internet特有的开放性、普及性、广泛性、方便宜用性、信息即时性以及友好的界面，将Internet作为EDI的传输媒体，采用三层B／S模式；根据港口业务流程设计了总体功能模块，并将系统分为五个子系统，即港口信息子系统、船舶信息子系统、集装箱信息子系统、用户管理子系统、EDI交换子系统；重点研究了EDI交换子系统的实现及数据库的建设。第4章是系统演示说明，包括发送订单、查询船期、访问数据库、实现数据交换等。
目前，Internet EDI方式尚处于酝酿中，XML应用仍在探索。本文的创新点在于使用基于Internet的XML信息交换方式，既具备Internet的全球性、交易范围大、成本低的优点，又具备XML的简单灵活、可扩展和跨平台的优势，可进一步与我国目前港口、企业EDI技术接口，使其更加有效、方便、经济的运用EDI参与国际竞争，相信在不远的将来必会在物流信息交换领域取得蓬勃发展。
The development of logistics will be making the traditional function of the portchanged compellent from load and unload, conveyance, depositary and process tologistics and distribution service. With fast growth of the Internet technology, internalexternal business communications will become more and more important .Greatefficiency and high reliability of business information exchange could reduceoperation costs and improve port efficiency and competitive capability .People havealready realized that various business data formats and multiple standards are the keybottle-neck blocking of the development of terminal EDI. Establishing commoninformation exchange platform to provide communication between heterogeneousport applications and information sharing between enterprises has become theuniversal understanding of the field how to make the logistics and information streamcooperate reciprocally and make the traditional mode turn to a new pattern logisticsmode is becoming a new problem which we are facing for.
This paper, combined with the research of Shanghai International Port Group Co.,Ltd and China Port Water Traffic & planDesign Institute, The simulation andoptimization of container terminal based on Virtual Reality. Programs an informationinterchange system objected to a container harbor and mainly study the Internetinformation interchange.
There are five chapters of the paper. Firstly, it introduced the EDI (ElectronicData Interchange) technology and XML (eXtensible Markup Language) related-technology. In the second chapter, the author made further research of the keytechniques of the XML/EDI, which are the technique of the transform between XMLand RDB and the the technique of XSLT transform XML into a standard format andthe technique of validity check by XML Schema. In the third chapter, the authorresearched on the collectivity design of EDI System for container terminal and itsapplications based on Internet. Because Internet is being prevalent with amazingspeed and attracting more and more consumers realize Electronic Commerce on it, wecan realize EDI on Internet and use three-tier Browser/Server (B/S) model. The author desigin the collectivity function module acording to the operation flow of theport. The system is divided into five items, which are port information subsystem andcontainer information subsystem and ship information subsystem and consumerinformation subsystem and EDI interchange subsystem.In this chapter, we focus onrealizing the EDI interchange subsystem and establishing the database.In the forthchapter, we show the system running result, such as order sending, sailing datequerying, databases accessing, data interchange realizeing, etc.
Nowadays, Internet EDI is brewing and XML is explored. The paper'sinnovation is introducing XML information interchange mode which is cheap, global,simple and extensible. It can develop a deep research to meet harbor and enterpriseEDI that is now using. In this way, our country's container transportation can moreefficient, convenient and economical. We believe this technology must be largelydeveloped in the field of logistics information interchange.
本文结合上海港务集团公司、中港水运规划设计院课题：“基于虚拟现实的集装箱码头的仿真优化”以集装箱港口为对象开发一个信息交换系统，主要研究基于Internet的电子数据交换。
本文共分五章。第1章重点介绍了EDI(Electronic Data Interchange)技术和可扩展标记语言(XML，eXtensible Markup Language)及其相关技术。第2章着重对XML／EDI系统中的几个关键技术作了深入研究，即XML文档与关系数据库之间的数据交换技术、XSLT转换XML为标准格式的技术、Schema验证XML格式的技术。第3章研究了基于Internet的集装箱港口EDI系统的总体设计。利用Internet特有的开放性、普及性、广泛性、方便宜用性、信息即时性以及友好的界面，将Internet作为EDI的传输媒体，采用三层B／S模式；根据港口业务流程设计了总体功能模块，并将系统分为五个子系统，即港口信息子系统、船舶信息子系统、集装箱信息子系统、用户管理子系统、EDI交换子系统；重点研究了EDI交换子系统的实现及数据库的建设。第4章是系统演示说明，包括发送订单、查询船期、访问数据库、实现数据交换等。
目前，Internet EDI方式尚处于酝酿中，XML应用仍在探索。本文的创新点在于使用基于Internet的XML信息交换方式，既具备Internet的全球性、交易范围大、成本低的优点，又具备XML的简单灵活、可扩展和跨平台的优势，可进一步与我国目前港口、企业EDI技术接口，使其更加有效、方便、经济的运用EDI参与国际竞争，相信在不远的将来必会在物流信息交换领域取得蓬勃发展。
The development of logistics will be making the traditional function of the portchanged compellent from load and unload, conveyance, depositary and process tologistics and distribution service. With fast growth of the Internet technology, internalexternal business communications will become more and more important .Greatefficiency and high reliability of business information exchange could reduceoperation costs and improve port efficiency and competitive capability .People havealready realized that various business data formats and multiple standards are the keybottle-neck blocking of the development of terminal EDI. Establishing commoninformation exchange platform to provide communication between heterogeneousport applications and information sharing between enterprises has become theuniversal understanding of the field how to make the logistics and information streamcooperate reciprocally and make the traditional mode turn to a new pattern logisticsmode is becoming a new problem which we are facing for.
This paper, combined with the research of Shanghai International Port Group Co.,Ltd and China Port Water Traffic & planDesign Institute, The simulation andoptimization of container terminal based on Virtual Reality. Programs an informationinterchange system objected to a container harbor and mainly study the Internetinformation interchange.
There are five chapters of the paper. Firstly, it introduced the EDI (ElectronicData Interchange) technology and XML (eXtensible Markup Language) related-technology. In the second chapter, the author made further research of the keytechniques of the XML/EDI, which are the technique of the transform between XMLand RDB and the the technique of XSLT transform XML into a standard format andthe technique of validity check by XML Schema. In the third chapter, the authorresearched on the collectivity design of EDI System for container terminal and itsapplications based on Internet. Because Internet is being prevalent with amazingspeed and attracting more and more consumers realize Electronic Commerce on it, wecan realize EDI on Internet and use three-tier Browser/Server (B/S) model. The author desigin the collectivity function module acording to the operation flow of theport. The system is divided into five items, which are port information subsystem andcontainer information subsystem and ship information subsystem and consumerinformation subsystem and EDI interchange subsystem.In this chapter, we focus onrealizing the EDI interchange subsystem and establishing the database.In the forthchapter, we show the system running result, such as order sending, sailing datequerying, databases accessing, data interchange realizeing, etc.
Nowadays, Internet EDI is brewing and XML is explored. The paper'sinnovation is introducing XML information interchange mode which is cheap, global,simple and extensible. It can develop a deep research to meet harbor and enterpriseEDI that is now using. In this way, our country's container transportation can moreefficient, convenient and economical. We believe this technology must be largelydeveloped in the field of logistics information interchange.
引文
[1] 秦月阳．2006年中国港口物流行业分析及投资咨询报告．中国投资咨询网，2006．1
[2] William S．生产与运作管理影印版．McGraw2Hill 1999．
[3] 聂祖卿．EDI+Internet：企业电子商务的助推器．中国数据通讯网络，2000．4
[4] 何剑，谭文涛．XML-EDI：企业间电子商务成功的解决方案．中国数据通讯网络，，2000．7
[5] 韩启明．EDI／EC的XML解决方案．计算机应用研究，2001．2
[6] 熊前兴．XML与电子商务．武汉理工大学出版社，2005
[7] 杨建武．基于SGML／XML的Internet信息发布．计算机工程与应用，2000．11
[8] 冯延辉，叶毅峰．XML完全手册．中国电力出版社，2000
[9] 肖富军，胡运发．基于XML技术的电子数据交换．计算机工程，2000．9
[10] Elliott Rusty Harold.XML宝典．电子工业出版社，2002
[11] H．M．Deitel，P．J．Deitel.XML编程技术大全．清华大学出版社，2002
[12] 胡海璐，彭接文湖智宇等．XML Web Services高级编程范例．电子工业出版社，2003
[13] 孔庆云．基于Internet／WWW的远程数据库访问技术与实现．交通与计算机，2000．3
[14] 庄子明．基于XML的数据库技术及应用．计算机工程，2002．1
[15] 叶修洪，陈根才．基于XML的电子数据交换的研究和实现．计算机应用研究，2000．12
[16] 周建洪，吴以群等．XML文件系统的设计．计算机工程与科学，2001
[17] 周新莲，蔡培中．构建XML在电子商务中应用的研究与开发．计算机工程与应用，2002．2
[18] 王海波，耿晖，姜吉发．基于XML的数据交换的实现．计算机应用，2001．4
[19] 徐周，黄上腾．基于XML实现数据库间信息交换的方法．计算机工程，2001．4
[20] 萨师煊等．数据库系统概论．高等教育出版社，1991
[21] 李建中，王珊．数据库系统原理．电子工业出版社，1998
[22] 张华．EDI技术与我国集装箱运输．中国水运，2000．1
[23] John Griffin．SQL Server 2000 XML应用程序开发指南．机械工业出版社，2002
[24] Paul J．Burke等．SQL server 2000 XML高级编程．中国电力出版社，2003
[25] Brian Knight．SQL Server 2000高级DBA指南．清华大学出版社，2003
[26] 范立南等．SQL Server 2000实用教程．清华大学出版社，2004
[27] 赵致格．数据库系统与应用：SQL Server．清华大学出版社，2005
[28] 邓东华，杨宗凯，乐春晖．基于XML的三层C／S模型．计算机应用，2000．7
[29] 翟裕忠．一个基于XML的数据库交换原型系统．计算机工程，2000．9
[30] 周俊生．一个基于Intemet的XML EDI模型的设计．计算机工程，2001．11
[31] Martin D. Professional XML. Wrox Press, 2000
[32] Steven Holzner. XML COMPLETE McGraw-Hill, Inc, New York, 1998
[33] Lind, Kenneth S. MCAD/MCSD XML Web services and server components development with Visual Basic.NET study guide. New York: McGraw-Hill Osborne, c2003.
[34] Gordon McCumb. Web Programming Languages Sourcebook. Wiley Computer Publishing, 1997
[35] Charles F, Goldfarb, Paul Prescod. The XML handbook. Prentice Hall. Uppe-r Saddle River, NJ 07458, 1998: 3-18
[36] Paul Kimberley. Electronic Data Interchange. McGraw-Hill, Inc, New York, 1994
[37] Thuraisingham, Bhavani M. XML databases and the semantic web Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, c2002.
[38] Sterag Knoshafian. Object-Oriented DataBase. New York, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 1993
[39] Mohammed, Raft. Internet marketing: building advantage in the networked economy. Boston:McGraw-Hill/Irwin marketspaceU, c2002
[40] Edwards J. 3-Tire Client/Server At Work. New York: Wiley Computer Publishing, 1998
[41] Mak H C, Johnston R B. Leveraging Traditional EDI Investment Using the Internet: A Case Study. Proceeding of the 32nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 1999
[42] Mark Swank, Drew Kittel. World Wide Web Database Developer's Guide. SAMS,1996
[43] Shi-Ming Huang. Developing an XML gateway for business-to-business commerce. IEEE, 2000
[44] Sayles, Jonathan, Edwin F. SQL for dBASE IV: a user's tutorial Wellesley, Mass: QED Information Sciences, c1989.
[45] Nichlos Chase, XML Primer Plus. Sams Publishing, 2002
[2] William S．生产与运作管理影印版．McGraw2Hill 1999．
[3] 聂祖卿．EDI+Internet：企业电子商务的助推器．中国数据通讯网络，2000．4
[4] 何剑，谭文涛．XML-EDI：企业间电子商务成功的解决方案．中国数据通讯网络，，2000．7
[5] 韩启明．EDI／EC的XML解决方案．计算机应用研究，2001．2
[6] 熊前兴．XML与电子商务．武汉理工大学出版社，2005
[7] 杨建武．基于SGML／XML的Internet信息发布．计算机工程与应用，2000．11
[8] 冯延辉，叶毅峰．XML完全手册．中国电力出版社，2000
[9] 肖富军，胡运发．基于XML技术的电子数据交换．计算机工程，2000．9
[10] Elliott Rusty Harold.XML宝典．电子工业出版社，2002
[11] H．M．Deitel，P．J．Deitel.XML编程技术大全．清华大学出版社，2002
[12] 胡海璐，彭接文湖智宇等．XML Web Services高级编程范例．电子工业出版社，2003
[13] 孔庆云．基于Internet／WWW的远程数据库访问技术与实现．交通与计算机，2000．3
[14] 庄子明．基于XML的数据库技术及应用．计算机工程，2002．1
[15] 叶修洪，陈根才．基于XML的电子数据交换的研究和实现．计算机应用研究，2000．12
[16] 周建洪，吴以群等．XML文件系统的设计．计算机工程与科学，2001
[17] 周新莲，蔡培中．构建XML在电子商务中应用的研究与开发．计算机工程与应用，2002．2
[18] 王海波，耿晖，姜吉发．基于XML的数据交换的实现．计算机应用，2001．4
[19] 徐周，黄上腾．基于XML实现数据库间信息交换的方法．计算机工程，2001．4
[20] 萨师煊等．数据库系统概论．高等教育出版社，1991
[21] 李建中，王珊．数据库系统原理．电子工业出版社，1998
[22] 张华．EDI技术与我国集装箱运输．中国水运，2000．1
[23] John Griffin．SQL Server 2000 XML应用程序开发指南．机械工业出版社，2002
[24] Paul J．Burke等．SQL server 2000 XML高级编程．中国电力出版社，2003
[25] Brian Knight．SQL Server 2000高级DBA指南．清华大学出版社，2003
[26] 范立南等．SQL Server 2000实用教程．清华大学出版社，2004
[27] 赵致格．数据库系统与应用：SQL Server．清华大学出版社，2005
[28] 邓东华，杨宗凯，乐春晖．基于XML的三层C／S模型．计算机应用，2000．7
[29] 翟裕忠．一个基于XML的数据库交换原型系统．计算机工程，2000．9
[30] 周俊生．一个基于Intemet的XML EDI模型的设计．计算机工程，2001．11
[31] Martin D. Professional XML. Wrox Press, 2000
[32] Steven Holzner. XML COMPLETE McGraw-Hill, Inc, New York, 1998
[33] Lind, Kenneth S. MCAD/MCSD XML Web services and server components development with Visual Basic.NET study guide. New York: McGraw-Hill Osborne, c2003.
[34] Gordon McCumb. Web Programming Languages Sourcebook. Wiley Computer Publishing, 1997
[35] Charles F, Goldfarb, Paul Prescod. The XML handbook. Prentice Hall. Uppe-r Saddle River, NJ 07458, 1998: 3-18
[36] Paul Kimberley. Electronic Data Interchange. McGraw-Hill, Inc, New York, 1994
[37] Thuraisingham, Bhavani M. XML databases and the semantic web Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, c2002.
[38] Sterag Knoshafian. Object-Oriented DataBase. New York, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 1993
[39] Mohammed, Raft. Internet marketing: building advantage in the networked economy. Boston:McGraw-Hill/Irwin marketspaceU, c2002
[40] Edwards J. 3-Tire Client/Server At Work. New York: Wiley Computer Publishing, 1998
[41] Mak H C, Johnston R B. Leveraging Traditional EDI Investment Using the Internet: A Case Study. Proceeding of the 32nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 1999
[42] Mark Swank, Drew Kittel. World Wide Web Database Developer's Guide. SAMS,1996
[43] Shi-Ming Huang. Developing an XML gateway for business-to-business commerce. IEEE, 2000
[44] Sayles, Jonathan, Edwin F. SQL for dBASE IV: a user's tutorial Wellesley, Mass: QED Information Sciences, c1989.
[45] Nichlos Chase, XML Primer Plus. Sams Publishing, 2002