企业信息化中网格技术的应用研究
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摘要
网格是一种信息社会的网络基础设施,正处在不断发展和变化当中。简单地说,它将实现互联网上所有资源的互联互通,包括计算资源、存储资源、通信资源、软件资源、信息资源、知识资源等。网格将连通一个个信息和资源孤岛,让人们的工作和生活变得更方便。
本文首先介绍了网格基础,并对三种网格体系结构的原理、技术规范、以及发展作了详细阐述。网格体系结构是关于如何构建网格的技术,目前流行的有三个网格体系结构:五层沙漏结构、开放网格服务体系结构、Web服务资源框架。结合体系机构原理,深入研究了目前较为流行的网格工具包Globus Toolkit4(GT4)中的多个组件:网格安全基础设施(GSI)、监测与发现服务(MDS)、网格资源分配管理(GRAM)。
通过对Globus各组件角色及原理的描述,结合武汉华冠信息技术有限公司创新基金项目(SOGCP)提出了企业网格概念,给出了企业网格的构架平台。网格技术的资源共享特征可以解决企业内部大型计算和集成问题,同时GSI提供的单点登陆等功能也能解决安全性问题。
最后设计并实现了企业信息化平台上网格资源、服务开发和监测。基于GT4这一开放工具包,遵循网格体系框架WSRF原理,分别按照三种模式:同时实现服务与资源、单独定义资源、多个资源,开发了虚拟组织下的三种方式的网格服务,对服务的实现机理、实现方法进行了全面阐述。并使用GT4中的MDS与ganglia作接口,监控和发现网格环境中的资源和服务。
Grid is an infrastructure of the information society, which is constantly developing and changing. Simply, it realizes that all the resources, including computin, storage, communication, software, information, knowledge and so on, to achieve the interoperability of the Internet. Grid connects all the single information and resource so that people can work and make life more convenient.
This paper described the Grid structure, technical specifications, and development of the three architectures.Grid Architecture is about how to build a technology of grid. There are three popular grid architectures, the Five-Level Sandglass Architecture, the Open Grid Services Architecture, the Web Services Resource Framework. Thoroughly studied the components of the Globus Toolkit4 (GT4), which is epidemic: Grid Security Infrastructure (GSI), Monitoring and Detection Services (MDS), the Grid Resource Allocation Management (GRAM). After the research of the components.
Based on the Innovation Fund project (SOGCP) in China Champion Information Technology Co., Ltd., proposed the concept of the enterprise grid whose platform was given next. The resource communion can solve the integration problems and GSI can support security architechture.
At last, designed and implemented how to develop and monitor the resources and services in the enterprise inormation platform based on the open software GT4 and followed WSRF principle, developed the three respective models : services and resources achieved at the same time, the separate definition of resources, more resources. Comprihensively explanation the design and implementation of three grid services in the virtual organization. And then realized monitoring and discovering the resources and services grid by the MDS and ganglia adapter.
本文首先介绍了网格基础,并对三种网格体系结构的原理、技术规范、以及发展作了详细阐述。网格体系结构是关于如何构建网格的技术,目前流行的有三个网格体系结构:五层沙漏结构、开放网格服务体系结构、Web服务资源框架。结合体系机构原理,深入研究了目前较为流行的网格工具包Globus Toolkit4(GT4)中的多个组件:网格安全基础设施(GSI)、监测与发现服务(MDS)、网格资源分配管理(GRAM)。
通过对Globus各组件角色及原理的描述,结合武汉华冠信息技术有限公司创新基金项目(SOGCP)提出了企业网格概念,给出了企业网格的构架平台。网格技术的资源共享特征可以解决企业内部大型计算和集成问题,同时GSI提供的单点登陆等功能也能解决安全性问题。
最后设计并实现了企业信息化平台上网格资源、服务开发和监测。基于GT4这一开放工具包,遵循网格体系框架WSRF原理,分别按照三种模式:同时实现服务与资源、单独定义资源、多个资源,开发了虚拟组织下的三种方式的网格服务,对服务的实现机理、实现方法进行了全面阐述。并使用GT4中的MDS与ganglia作接口,监控和发现网格环境中的资源和服务。
Grid is an infrastructure of the information society, which is constantly developing and changing. Simply, it realizes that all the resources, including computin, storage, communication, software, information, knowledge and so on, to achieve the interoperability of the Internet. Grid connects all the single information and resource so that people can work and make life more convenient.
This paper described the Grid structure, technical specifications, and development of the three architectures.Grid Architecture is about how to build a technology of grid. There are three popular grid architectures, the Five-Level Sandglass Architecture, the Open Grid Services Architecture, the Web Services Resource Framework. Thoroughly studied the components of the Globus Toolkit4 (GT4), which is epidemic: Grid Security Infrastructure (GSI), Monitoring and Detection Services (MDS), the Grid Resource Allocation Management (GRAM). After the research of the components.
Based on the Innovation Fund project (SOGCP) in China Champion Information Technology Co., Ltd., proposed the concept of the enterprise grid whose platform was given next. The resource communion can solve the integration problems and GSI can support security architechture.
At last, designed and implemented how to develop and monitor the resources and services in the enterprise inormation platform based on the open software GT4 and followed WSRF principle, developed the three respective models : services and resources achieved at the same time, the separate definition of resources, more resources. Comprihensively explanation the design and implementation of three grid services in the virtual organization. And then realized monitoring and discovering the resources and services grid by the MDS and ganglia adapter.
引文
[1] 都志辉, 陈渝, 刘鹏 编著. 李三立 审. 网格计算. 北京:清华大学出版社, 2002.11: 12～14
[2] 何海丹. 网格计算. 南京:市场周刊.商务. 2004.9: 1～3
[3] 卜世波, 肖晓旦. 新技术、新思维——网格(Grid)研究综述. 吉林:现代情报, 2005(5): 1～2
[4] 李珍香. 网格计算系统及其应用研究. 江西:计算机与现代化, 2005(3): 1
[5] 方宁, 沈金龙. 网格技术及其应用. 深圳:中兴通讯技术. 2005,11(2): 1～2
[6] 康文军. 网格应用是关键. 北京:中国教育网络, 2005: 1～2
[7] 刁红宇, 张戈. 浅述网格技术的发展. 安徽:电脑知识与技术, 2004(29): 2
[8] Ian Foster, Carl Kesselman. The Anatomy of the Grid: Enabling Scalable Virtual Organization International. [J].Supercomputer Applications, 2001, 15(3): 45～80
[9] 吴迪, 陈刚. 新一代的 Web Service 技术 [J]. 四川:计算机应用研究, 2003: 1～3
[10] 胡爱娟, 吴兵. GLOBUS/OGSA 网格体系结构探讨. 湖北:船舶电子工程, 2004(6): 3
[11] 王少杰, 王鸿健, 王昊. Web 及其服务模型概述. 邵阳:邵阳学院学报(自然科学版), 2005,2(3): 1
[12] 陈萍, 余华山, 王彬等. 网格计算环境 Globus 介绍. 四川:计算机应用研究, 2003(8): 2
[13] 孙炜, 任长明, 朱江等. 基于 WEB SERVICE 的网格资源架构 WSRF. 沈阳:微处理机, 2005(1): 2～4
[14] Thomas Myer. Grid: The importance of state. IBM developerwork http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/grid/gr-wsrf.html. 2004.7: 1~2
[15] Vladimir Silva Globus Toolkit 4 Early Access: WSRF IBM developerwork http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/grid/gr-gt4early/ . 2004.10: 2～3
[16] 周振宇, 余丽琼, 程东年. 浅析Condor和Globus在网格计算中的应用技术. 南京:信息工程大学学报, 2004,5(1): 2～3
[17] 姜永发, 闾国年. 网格计算与 Grid GIS 体系结构与关键技术探讨. 北京:测绘科学, 2005,30(4): 3～5
[18] I Foster, C Kesselman, G Tsudilk et al .A security architecture for computational grids. Computer and Communications Security 5th. ACMConference on New York 1998: 20～25
[19] J. Howell, D Kotz. End to-end authorization. Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation USENIX Association 2000: 12～15
[20] 金海, 李其胜, 邹德清等. 信息服务网格资源代理的实现策略. 上海:计算机应用与软件, 2004, 21(1): 3～4
[21] M Gasser, E MoDe. An architecture for practical delegation in a Distributed system in IEEE Symposium on Research in Security and Privacy,IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos, CA 1990: 20～30
[22] J. Bester, I. Foster, C. Kesselman, J.Tedescg et al. GASS A Data Movement and Access Service for Wide Area Computing Systems Sixth Workshop on I/O in Parallel And Distributed Systems, 1999: 30～40
[23] 肖汉雄, 陈次昌, 齐冬梅. 基于 Globus Toolkit 的网格信息服务的研究. 四川:四川工业学院学报, 2004(3): 2～3
[24] 陈学广, 邹德清, 孙翎等. Globus 支持下基于网格的开放式决策支持系统设计与实现. 沈阳:小型微型计算机系统, 2005,26(6): 2～3
[25] Babu Sundaram Register a Globus Toolkit 4 grid service IBM developerwork http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/grid/library/gr-mdsgt4/index.html. 2005: 2～4
[26] 马永征, 南凯, 阎保平. 基于 MDS 的数据网格信息服务体系结构. 骊山:微电子学与计算机, 2003(8): 2～3
[27] 余海燕, 查礼, 李伟. 一种面向服务的网格作业管理机制. 北京:计算机研究与发展, 2003,40(12): 2～3
[28] Babu Sundaram. 最大化网格潜能. http://www6.software.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/education/grid/gr-max1/ 2005.10: 2～5
[29] globus 开发小组. RSL http://www globus org/gram/rsl _spec1. html 2005.10: 1～2
[30] K Cazjkowski, I. Foster, N. Karonis et al. A Resource Management Architecture for Metacomputing Systems. Proc. IPPS/SPDP 98 Workshop on Job Scheduling Strategies for Parallel Processing, 1998: 62～82
[31] I. Foster, A. Roy, V. Sander. A Quality of Service Architecture that Combines Resource Reservation and Application Adaptation 8th International Workshop on Quality of Service, 2000
[32] 王丽, 樊鸿斌, 董光波等. 基于网格的资源目录管理与实现. 石家庄:军械工程学院学报, 2001: 2～3
[33] 何丽萍, 刘立程. 改进的基于 Ganglia 的网格监控系统. 广州:广东工业大学学报, 2006,23(1): 1～2
[34] A Howes, C Smith, LDAP Programming Directory-Enabled Applications with Lightweight Directory Access Protocol, Macmillan Technical Fublishing, 1997: 12～25
[35] K Czajknowski, S Fitzgerald, I.Foster et al. Grid Information Services for Distributed Resource Sharing Proceedings of the Tenth IEEE International Symposium on High-Performance Distributed Computing(HPDC-10), IEEE Press, August 2001: 20~30
[36] I Foster , C. Kesselman. The DOE Common Component Architecture Project. http://www.extreme.indiana.edu/~gannom/cca_report.html, 2003: 2～4
[37] W E Johnston, D. Gannon. Grids as production computing environments The engineering aspects of NASA’ s information power Grid, in 8th IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing, IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Atlantis, CA, 1999: 13～25
[38] S.Fitzgerald, I.Foster, C.Kesselman et al. A Directory Service for Configuring High-Performance Distributed Computations Proc. 6th IEEE Symton High-Performance Distributed Computing 1997: 365～375
[39] I.Foster, C.Kesseman, C.Lee et al A Distributed Resource Management Architecture that Supports Advance Reservations and Co-Allocation Intl Workshop on Quality of Service, 1999: 255～278
[40] Francis C M Lau, Cho-Li Wang, San-Li Li. Grid Demo Proposal: AntiSpamGrid, IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing Hong Kong Dec 1-4 2003: 125～130
[41] 杨广文, 武永卫, 朱晶. 一种全局统一的层次化网格资源模型. 北京:计算机研究与发展. 2003: 2～4
[2] 何海丹. 网格计算. 南京:市场周刊.商务. 2004.9: 1～3
[3] 卜世波, 肖晓旦. 新技术、新思维——网格(Grid)研究综述. 吉林:现代情报, 2005(5): 1～2
[4] 李珍香. 网格计算系统及其应用研究. 江西:计算机与现代化, 2005(3): 1
[5] 方宁, 沈金龙. 网格技术及其应用. 深圳:中兴通讯技术. 2005,11(2): 1～2
[6] 康文军. 网格应用是关键. 北京:中国教育网络, 2005: 1～2
[7] 刁红宇, 张戈. 浅述网格技术的发展. 安徽:电脑知识与技术, 2004(29): 2
[8] Ian Foster, Carl Kesselman. The Anatomy of the Grid: Enabling Scalable Virtual Organization International. [J].Supercomputer Applications, 2001, 15(3): 45～80
[9] 吴迪, 陈刚. 新一代的 Web Service 技术 [J]. 四川:计算机应用研究, 2003: 1～3
[10] 胡爱娟, 吴兵. GLOBUS/OGSA 网格体系结构探讨. 湖北:船舶电子工程, 2004(6): 3
[11] 王少杰, 王鸿健, 王昊. Web 及其服务模型概述. 邵阳:邵阳学院学报(自然科学版), 2005,2(3): 1
[12] 陈萍, 余华山, 王彬等. 网格计算环境 Globus 介绍. 四川:计算机应用研究, 2003(8): 2
[13] 孙炜, 任长明, 朱江等. 基于 WEB SERVICE 的网格资源架构 WSRF. 沈阳:微处理机, 2005(1): 2～4
[14] Thomas Myer. Grid: The importance of state. IBM developerwork http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/grid/gr-wsrf.html. 2004.7: 1~2
[15] Vladimir Silva Globus Toolkit 4 Early Access: WSRF IBM developerwork http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/grid/gr-gt4early/ . 2004.10: 2～3
[16] 周振宇, 余丽琼, 程东年. 浅析Condor和Globus在网格计算中的应用技术. 南京:信息工程大学学报, 2004,5(1): 2～3
[17] 姜永发, 闾国年. 网格计算与 Grid GIS 体系结构与关键技术探讨. 北京:测绘科学, 2005,30(4): 3～5
[18] I Foster, C Kesselman, G Tsudilk et al .A security architecture for computational grids. Computer and Communications Security 5th. ACMConference on New York 1998: 20～25
[19] J. Howell, D Kotz. End to-end authorization. Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation USENIX Association 2000: 12～15
[20] 金海, 李其胜, 邹德清等. 信息服务网格资源代理的实现策略. 上海:计算机应用与软件, 2004, 21(1): 3～4
[21] M Gasser, E MoDe. An architecture for practical delegation in a Distributed system in IEEE Symposium on Research in Security and Privacy,IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos, CA 1990: 20～30
[22] J. Bester, I. Foster, C. Kesselman, J.Tedescg et al. GASS A Data Movement and Access Service for Wide Area Computing Systems Sixth Workshop on I/O in Parallel And Distributed Systems, 1999: 30～40
[23] 肖汉雄, 陈次昌, 齐冬梅. 基于 Globus Toolkit 的网格信息服务的研究. 四川:四川工业学院学报, 2004(3): 2～3
[24] 陈学广, 邹德清, 孙翎等. Globus 支持下基于网格的开放式决策支持系统设计与实现. 沈阳:小型微型计算机系统, 2005,26(6): 2～3
[25] Babu Sundaram Register a Globus Toolkit 4 grid service IBM developerwork http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/grid/library/gr-mdsgt4/index.html. 2005: 2～4
[26] 马永征, 南凯, 阎保平. 基于 MDS 的数据网格信息服务体系结构. 骊山:微电子学与计算机, 2003(8): 2～3
[27] 余海燕, 查礼, 李伟. 一种面向服务的网格作业管理机制. 北京:计算机研究与发展, 2003,40(12): 2～3
[28] Babu Sundaram. 最大化网格潜能. http://www6.software.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/education/grid/gr-max1/ 2005.10: 2～5
[29] globus 开发小组. RSL http://www globus org/gram/rsl _spec1. html 2005.10: 1～2
[30] K Cazjkowski, I. Foster, N. Karonis et al. A Resource Management Architecture for Metacomputing Systems. Proc. IPPS/SPDP 98 Workshop on Job Scheduling Strategies for Parallel Processing, 1998: 62～82
[31] I. Foster, A. Roy, V. Sander. A Quality of Service Architecture that Combines Resource Reservation and Application Adaptation 8th International Workshop on Quality of Service, 2000
[32] 王丽, 樊鸿斌, 董光波等. 基于网格的资源目录管理与实现. 石家庄:军械工程学院学报, 2001: 2～3
[33] 何丽萍, 刘立程. 改进的基于 Ganglia 的网格监控系统. 广州:广东工业大学学报, 2006,23(1): 1～2
[34] A Howes, C Smith, LDAP Programming Directory-Enabled Applications with Lightweight Directory Access Protocol, Macmillan Technical Fublishing, 1997: 12～25
[35] K Czajknowski, S Fitzgerald, I.Foster et al. Grid Information Services for Distributed Resource Sharing Proceedings of the Tenth IEEE International Symposium on High-Performance Distributed Computing(HPDC-10), IEEE Press, August 2001: 20~30
[36] I Foster , C. Kesselman. The DOE Common Component Architecture Project. http://www.extreme.indiana.edu/~gannom/cca_report.html, 2003: 2～4
[37] W E Johnston, D. Gannon. Grids as production computing environments The engineering aspects of NASA’ s information power Grid, in 8th IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing, IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Atlantis, CA, 1999: 13～25
[38] S.Fitzgerald, I.Foster, C.Kesselman et al. A Directory Service for Configuring High-Performance Distributed Computations Proc. 6th IEEE Symton High-Performance Distributed Computing 1997: 365～375
[39] I.Foster, C.Kesseman, C.Lee et al A Distributed Resource Management Architecture that Supports Advance Reservations and Co-Allocation Intl Workshop on Quality of Service, 1999: 255～278
[40] Francis C M Lau, Cho-Li Wang, San-Li Li. Grid Demo Proposal: AntiSpamGrid, IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing Hong Kong Dec 1-4 2003: 125～130
[41] 杨广文, 武永卫, 朱晶. 一种全局统一的层次化网格资源模型. 北京:计算机研究与发展. 2003: 2～4