语义应用集成中消息中间件的研究
摘要
随着国家医疗保险制度和社会保障制度的改革，以及加入WTO后卫生保险行业的对外开放，我国的医疗行业越来越要求进行信息化管理。在我国，绝大部分医院都已实施HIS，在各分散的医疗单位都有了一定的信息资源。然而这些信息大多局限在各部门内使用，没有实现部门之间的信息共享。要达到医疗信息社会化，面临的核心问题就是如何实现医疗资源的共享和应用系统的集成问题。
由于各医院应用系统接口标准不统一、系统平台差异、数据格式没有统一标准，与卫生部门医保、社保的数据接口很难实现，所以要实现应用系统集成不容易。如今基于XML的Web服务、语义网技术的出现为我们带来了曙光，基于语义的Web服务集成平台能使我们的软件以松耦合、简单和平台无关的方式与客户的软件集成。利用Web服务将后端应用和数据改造成为一种简单、可重用的服务，通过Web服务，后端的应用和数据走向了前台。
本系统采用Web Service技术架构和消息中间件技术作为HIS系统间应用集成的基础框架技术，利用Web服务的独立于具体应用的松耦合性和语义Web服务提供的语义信息，可以自动的匹配、发现、组合和调用Web服务，动态生成和执行业务流程，更好的实现企业内(间)各应用系统的集成。本文提出了一种基于语义Web服务的应用集成平台框架(SWSEAIP，Semantic Web Service-based
Enterprise Application Integration Platform)。SWSEAIP的用户为参与集成的各个医院应用系统。各个医院应用系统是集成中Web服务的提供者，同时又是服务的请求者。
本文研究的主要内容是SWSEAIP中消息中间件的部分。首先介绍了基于语义的集成框架和传统的消息中间件，然后针对传统消息中间件的特点和不足，在消息中间件语义扩充方面做了具体的设计和实现，并针对消息在不同的应用系统之间进行传输所面临的数据格式不统一的问题给出了一个解决方案和参考实现，经过语义扩展的消息中间件，其功能基本能符合我们系统集成的要求。
With advancement of the reform of national social security and medical insurance systems and the outward opening of health insurance after joining in the WTO. Information management for health institutions is more and more needed in China. a lot of hospitals of our country have implemented HIS and have accumulated a great deal of medical information in distributed hospitals. However, this useful information is utilized in local hospital just like information's isolated island. They are less sharing. The most important problem that should be resolved is sharing information between HIS and application integration.
It is very difficult to solve sharing of medical information. The main reason is diversity of system's interface standard, such as system's platform and data's Style now Web Services based on XML and semantic web tech has given us firstlight of morning.
Web services based on semantic made our software execute other services with looser coupling, simple and are independent of platform. Web Services change backend application and date to service of simple、 reused, long alive , through Web services back-end application and date come to front-end. Applying Web Services to research problem of medical This system adopts technical structure of Web service and the technology of MOM as the essential frame-technology of applying integration among HIS systems .Utilizing looser coupling and semantic information independent from specified application , it can automatically match, discover, combine and invoke Web service by itself , automatically producing and carrying out procedures and then for a better integration of every application system in corporations. This paper put forward to a sort of platform framework of applying integration on the base of semantic Web service (SWSEAIP ,Semantic Web Service-based Enterprise
由于各医院应用系统接口标准不统一、系统平台差异、数据格式没有统一标准，与卫生部门医保、社保的数据接口很难实现，所以要实现应用系统集成不容易。如今基于XML的Web服务、语义网技术的出现为我们带来了曙光，基于语义的Web服务集成平台能使我们的软件以松耦合、简单和平台无关的方式与客户的软件集成。利用Web服务将后端应用和数据改造成为一种简单、可重用的服务，通过Web服务，后端的应用和数据走向了前台。
本系统采用Web Service技术架构和消息中间件技术作为HIS系统间应用集成的基础框架技术，利用Web服务的独立于具体应用的松耦合性和语义Web服务提供的语义信息，可以自动的匹配、发现、组合和调用Web服务，动态生成和执行业务流程，更好的实现企业内(间)各应用系统的集成。本文提出了一种基于语义Web服务的应用集成平台框架(SWSEAIP，Semantic Web Service-based
Enterprise Application Integration Platform)。SWSEAIP的用户为参与集成的各个医院应用系统。各个医院应用系统是集成中Web服务的提供者，同时又是服务的请求者。
本文研究的主要内容是SWSEAIP中消息中间件的部分。首先介绍了基于语义的集成框架和传统的消息中间件，然后针对传统消息中间件的特点和不足，在消息中间件语义扩充方面做了具体的设计和实现，并针对消息在不同的应用系统之间进行传输所面临的数据格式不统一的问题给出了一个解决方案和参考实现，经过语义扩展的消息中间件，其功能基本能符合我们系统集成的要求。
With advancement of the reform of national social security and medical insurance systems and the outward opening of health insurance after joining in the WTO. Information management for health institutions is more and more needed in China. a lot of hospitals of our country have implemented HIS and have accumulated a great deal of medical information in distributed hospitals. However, this useful information is utilized in local hospital just like information's isolated island. They are less sharing. The most important problem that should be resolved is sharing information between HIS and application integration.
It is very difficult to solve sharing of medical information. The main reason is diversity of system's interface standard, such as system's platform and data's Style now Web Services based on XML and semantic web tech has given us firstlight of morning.
Web services based on semantic made our software execute other services with looser coupling, simple and are independent of platform. Web Services change backend application and date to service of simple、 reused, long alive , through Web services back-end application and date come to front-end. Applying Web Services to research problem of medical This system adopts technical structure of Web service and the technology of MOM as the essential frame-technology of applying integration among HIS systems .Utilizing looser coupling and semantic information independent from specified application , it can automatically match, discover, combine and invoke Web service by itself , automatically producing and carrying out procedures and then for a better integration of every application system in corporations. This paper put forward to a sort of platform framework of applying integration on the base of semantic Web service (SWSEAIP ,Semantic Web Service-based Enterprise
引文
[1] 国家卫生部《医院信息系统基本功能和规范》
[2] SOAP http://www.w3.org/TR/SOAP/,2002.
[3] W3C XML Schema. http://www.w3.org/XML/Schema
[4] Web Ontology Language(OWL).http://www.w3.org/2004/OWL.
[5] The OWL Services Coalition. OWL-S: Semantic Markup for Web Services. http://www.daml.org/services/.
[6] HaroldBoley, MikeDean, Benjamin Grosof, et http://www.ruleml.org/fol/, 2004-11
[7] F. Baader and W. Nuttv "Basic Description Logic" in Handbook of Description Logic: Cambridge University press, 2003-1
[8] Marco Pistore, Paolo Traverso Automated Composition of Web Services into Executable Processes. In proc. 3th semantic web conference(ISWC 2004) 2004.
[9] WSDL http://www.w3.org/TR/WSDL/,2002
[10] 宋炜，张铭．语义网简明教程．高等教育出版社．2004年6月。
[11] 寇建秋，姬哗君，唐晓玲等．医院信息系统与医保系统软件接口的实现及应用《医学信息》
[12] 张云勇、张智江等．中间件技术原理与应用．清华大学出版2004年10月第1版
[13] Web-ontology working group. OWL Web ontology language guide, http://www.w3.org/TR12004/REC-owl-guide-20040210/, (2004-11-15).
[14] 闰新庆，李文峰，陈定方，Web服务的体系结构和应用[J]，武汉理工大学学报，2002，24(5)，30-31．
[15] 俞宣孟．本休论研究，上海：上海人民出版社，1999．5．
[16] 孙丽君。阮竟兰，张美忠、中间件消息队列的建模与实现．空军工程大学学报
[17] SWRL http://www.w3.org/Submission/2004/SUBM-SWRL-20040521/
[18] OWL Web Ontology Language XML Presentation Syntax. Masahiro Hori, Jérome Euzenat, Peter F. Patel-Schneider. W3C Note 11 June 2003
[19] Description Logic Programs: Combining Logic Programs with Description Logic. Benjamin Grosof, Ian Horrocks, Raphael Volz, Stefan Decker. Proc.WWW2003, Budapest, May2OOJ. http://www2003.org/cdrom/papers/refereed/p117/p117-grosof. html
[20] The rule markup initiative, http://www.ruleml.org.2003.
[21] Ian Horrocks et al. SWRL: A Semantic Web Rule Language Combing OWL and RuleML. http://www.daml.org/2003/11/swrl/,2003.
[22] Massimo Paolucci et al. A Broker for OWL-S Web Services. In Semantic Web Services:Papers from the 2004 AAAI Spring Symposium, pages 92-99. AAAI Press, 2004.
[23] Nuno Silva and Joao Rocha. Service-oriented ontology mapping system. In AnHai Doan, Alon Halevy, Natasha Noy, editor, Proceedings of the Semantic Integration Workshop, volume Vol-82. CEUR-WS. org, 2003.
[24] Bruce Spencer and Sandy Liu. Inference Quenes for Communicating and Monitoring Declarative Information betweenWeb Services. In Proceedings of RuleML-2OO3, number 2876 in Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, 2003.
[25] W3C. WebServicesDescriptionLanguage. http://www.w3.org/tr/wsdl,2001
[26] JMS 1.1 http://java.sun.com/products/jms/
[27] S. J. DeRose, R. Daniel Jr., and J. Marsh. XPointer xmlnsO Scheme. W3C Recommendation 25 March 2003 http://www.wJ. org/TR/xpointer-xmlns/.
[28] 王丰锦，基于语义web的动态服务组合技术的研究[D]．北京：中国科学院计算机技术研究所．2003．
[29] 常煌芬，育平．中间件技术研究．计算机应用研究，1(10)：21-23．
[30] Sheila A. McIlraith, Tran Cao Son, and Honglei Zeng Semantic Web Services Stanford University 2001.
[31] 詹群毅，以网络服务为基础之点对点运算平台---企业网格计算之实现。
[32] 许骏 史美林等 网格计算与e-Learning Grid---体系结构关键技术示范应用
[33] William A. Ruh, Franscis X. Maginnis, Willianm J. Brown, Enterprise Application Integration, John Wiley&Sons, Inc. 2001.
[34] 陈刚等．消息中间件技术．计算机世界报，2000(9)
[35] 康博等译．《Java消息服务API参考指南----J2EE平台的消息传递》．北京：清华大学出版社，2002．
[36] William ARuh．企业应用集成．北京：机械工业出版社，2003：137-147
[37] Hong-Hai Do, Sergey Melnik, and Erhard Rahm. Comparison of schema matching evaluations. InProc. GI-Workshop "Web and Databases", Erfurt (DE), 2002. http://dol.unileipzig.de/pub/2002-28.
[38] Fausto Giunchiglia and Pavel Shvaiko. Semantic matching. In Proc. IJCAI 2003 Workshop on ontologies and distributed systems, Acapulco (MX), pages 139-146, 2003.
[39] Borys Omelayenko. Integrating vocabularies: discovering and representing vocabulary maps.
[40] Werner Vogels. Web services are not distributed objects. IEEE Internet Computing, 7(6):59 -66, 2003.
[41] Ioannisa, H., "Integrating (rules, neural networks) and cases for knowledge representation and reasoning in expert systems, " Expert Systems with Applications, Vol. 27, No.1, 2004, PP. 63-75
[2] SOAP http://www.w3.org/TR/SOAP/,2002.
[3] W3C XML Schema. http://www.w3.org/XML/Schema
[4] Web Ontology Language(OWL).http://www.w3.org/2004/OWL.
[5] The OWL Services Coalition. OWL-S: Semantic Markup for Web Services. http://www.daml.org/services/.
[6] HaroldBoley, MikeDean, Benjamin Grosof, et http://www.ruleml.org/fol/, 2004-11
[7] F. Baader and W. Nuttv "Basic Description Logic" in Handbook of Description Logic: Cambridge University press, 2003-1
[8] Marco Pistore, Paolo Traverso Automated Composition of Web Services into Executable Processes. In proc. 3th semantic web conference(ISWC 2004) 2004.
[9] WSDL http://www.w3.org/TR/WSDL/,2002
[10] 宋炜，张铭．语义网简明教程．高等教育出版社．2004年6月。
[11] 寇建秋，姬哗君，唐晓玲等．医院信息系统与医保系统软件接口的实现及应用《医学信息》
[12] 张云勇、张智江等．中间件技术原理与应用．清华大学出版2004年10月第1版
[13] Web-ontology working group. OWL Web ontology language guide, http://www.w3.org/TR12004/REC-owl-guide-20040210/, (2004-11-15).
[14] 闰新庆，李文峰，陈定方，Web服务的体系结构和应用[J]，武汉理工大学学报，2002，24(5)，30-31．
[15] 俞宣孟．本休论研究，上海：上海人民出版社，1999．5．
[16] 孙丽君。阮竟兰，张美忠、中间件消息队列的建模与实现．空军工程大学学报
[17] SWRL http://www.w3.org/Submission/2004/SUBM-SWRL-20040521/
[18] OWL Web Ontology Language XML Presentation Syntax. Masahiro Hori, Jérome Euzenat, Peter F. Patel-Schneider. W3C Note 11 June 2003
[19] Description Logic Programs: Combining Logic Programs with Description Logic. Benjamin Grosof, Ian Horrocks, Raphael Volz, Stefan Decker. Proc.WWW2003, Budapest, May2OOJ. http://www2003.org/cdrom/papers/refereed/p117/p117-grosof. html
[20] The rule markup initiative, http://www.ruleml.org.2003.
[21] Ian Horrocks et al. SWRL: A Semantic Web Rule Language Combing OWL and RuleML. http://www.daml.org/2003/11/swrl/,2003.
[22] Massimo Paolucci et al. A Broker for OWL-S Web Services. In Semantic Web Services:Papers from the 2004 AAAI Spring Symposium, pages 92-99. AAAI Press, 2004.
[23] Nuno Silva and Joao Rocha. Service-oriented ontology mapping system. In AnHai Doan, Alon Halevy, Natasha Noy, editor, Proceedings of the Semantic Integration Workshop, volume Vol-82. CEUR-WS. org, 2003.
[24] Bruce Spencer and Sandy Liu. Inference Quenes for Communicating and Monitoring Declarative Information betweenWeb Services. In Proceedings of RuleML-2OO3, number 2876 in Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, 2003.
[25] W3C. WebServicesDescriptionLanguage. http://www.w3.org/tr/wsdl,2001
[26] JMS 1.1 http://java.sun.com/products/jms/
[27] S. J. DeRose, R. Daniel Jr., and J. Marsh. XPointer xmlnsO Scheme. W3C Recommendation 25 March 2003 http://www.wJ. org/TR/xpointer-xmlns/.
[28] 王丰锦，基于语义web的动态服务组合技术的研究[D]．北京：中国科学院计算机技术研究所．2003．
[29] 常煌芬，育平．中间件技术研究．计算机应用研究，1(10)：21-23．
[30] Sheila A. McIlraith, Tran Cao Son, and Honglei Zeng Semantic Web Services Stanford University 2001.
[31] 詹群毅，以网络服务为基础之点对点运算平台---企业网格计算之实现。
[32] 许骏 史美林等 网格计算与e-Learning Grid---体系结构关键技术示范应用
[33] William A. Ruh, Franscis X. Maginnis, Willianm J. Brown, Enterprise Application Integration, John Wiley&Sons, Inc. 2001.
[34] 陈刚等．消息中间件技术．计算机世界报，2000(9)
[35] 康博等译．《Java消息服务API参考指南----J2EE平台的消息传递》．北京：清华大学出版社，2002．
[36] William ARuh．企业应用集成．北京：机械工业出版社，2003：137-147
[37] Hong-Hai Do, Sergey Melnik, and Erhard Rahm. Comparison of schema matching evaluations. InProc. GI-Workshop "Web and Databases", Erfurt (DE), 2002. http://dol.unileipzig.de/pub/2002-28.
[38] Fausto Giunchiglia and Pavel Shvaiko. Semantic matching. In Proc. IJCAI 2003 Workshop on ontologies and distributed systems, Acapulco (MX), pages 139-146, 2003.
[39] Borys Omelayenko. Integrating vocabularies: discovering and representing vocabulary maps.
[40] Werner Vogels. Web services are not distributed objects. IEEE Internet Computing, 7(6):59 -66, 2003.
[41] Ioannisa, H., "Integrating (rules, neural networks) and cases for knowledge representation and reasoning in expert systems, " Expert Systems with Applications, Vol. 27, No.1, 2004, PP. 63-75