基于Davinci的IP机顶盒的研究与开发
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摘要
嵌入式机顶盒以电视机为显示设备,以因特网为传输网络,给用户提供多媒体信息服务。它是为了让广大普通家庭通过电视机享受到网络、数字媒体、计算机技术所带来的丰富应用,特别是让那些不习惯于操作PC的儿童或中老年人,充分享受网络所带来的乐趣。随着宽带网络和数字电视的普及和发展,嵌入式机顶盒也将在功能上进一步扩展和完善,并得到更加广泛的应用,因此对机顶盒系统的研究具有重要的理论意义和实际价值。
嵌入式系统和流媒体成为计算机和网络通信技术中两个新的发展方向。嵌入式系统具有体积小、性能强、功耗低、可靠性高等优点,目前它已经广泛地应用于消费电子、网络通信、工业控制等领域。而流媒体技术则在互联网信息服务上取得了广泛应用,如视频点播、在线影院、远程教育、交互式电视、实时视频会议等。机顶盒则是信息家电中嵌入式和流媒体两种技术结合最为典型的应用产品。
本文设计的基于Davinci的IP机顶盒融合了计算机、通信、多媒体等先进技术,硬件平台采用了德州仪器(TI)公司基于ARM+DSP的双核处理器架构的TMS320DM6446片上系统,软件设计采用了嵌入式Linux操作系统以及基于Davinci技术的多媒体编解码引擎结构。
论文的主要工作如下:
(1)介绍嵌入式流媒体机顶盒的概念、发展前景及结构功能,分析机顶盒设计中所用到的相关技术,给出系统设计的整体方案。
(2)描述了Davinci的软硬件结构及其嵌入式开发环境的建立步骤,阐述了基于Davinci技术的多媒体编解码引擎结构的算法建立和实现流程。
(3)详细论述了网络传输层和用户应用层的设计和实现过程,包括流媒体协议、红外遥控器控制及屏上用户界面(OSD)的显示,并给出了系统测试的结果。
本机顶盒的测试结果表明,视频显示效果清晰,播放流畅,并具有较好的实时性,这为将来机顶盒的功能扩展如:邮件收发、信息咨询等奠定了良好的基础。
The embedded set-top box (STB), which uses the TV as a display device and the internet as transmission network, provides multimedia information services to consumers. It will bring a lot of enjoyments of network, digital media and computer technology through television to many families, especially to children and the elderly who are not proficient in operating PC. With the prevalence and development of broadband networks and digital television, the embedded STB will be expanded and improved in function and be used more widely. So the study of the STB system has an important theoretical and practical value.
Embedded system and streaming media become two new development directions of the computer and network communication technology. The embedded system has many advantages such as small size, strong performance and low power consumption, high reliability and so on. Now it has been widely used in consumer electronics, network communications, industrial control, and other fields. Streaming media technology gets a wide range of applications in Internet information services, such as video-on-demand, online theater, distance education, interactive television, real-time video conferencing, etc. Set-top box is the most typical application combined with the embedded system and streaming media in the information domestic electric appliances.
In this paper, the IP STB based on the Davinci contains computer, communications, multimedia and other advanced technologies. Its hardware platform has used TMS320DM6446 system-on-chip which bases on ARM + DSP dual-core processor architecture of Texas Instruments (TI) company. The software design has used embedded Linux operating system and multimedia codec engine of Davinci technology.
The main tasks of paper are as follows:
(1) The concept, development prospect, structure and function of embedded streaming media STB have been introduced, the relevant techniques used in the STB design has been analyzed and the whole scheme of system design has been given.
(2) The hardware and software, the establishment steps of embedded development environment in Davinci platform have been described, the algorithm creation and implementation process of multimedia codec engine structure based on Davinci technology have been expatiated.
(3) The design and implementation process of network transmission layer and user application have been expatiated, which contain streaming media protocols, the Infrared Remote (IR) control and OSD. At last, the system testing results have been given.
The testing result of this STB shows that the video shows clearly, plays smoothly, and has a good real-time response. So it lays a good foundation for the expansion of STB such as E-mail、information consultation, etc.
嵌入式系统和流媒体成为计算机和网络通信技术中两个新的发展方向。嵌入式系统具有体积小、性能强、功耗低、可靠性高等优点,目前它已经广泛地应用于消费电子、网络通信、工业控制等领域。而流媒体技术则在互联网信息服务上取得了广泛应用,如视频点播、在线影院、远程教育、交互式电视、实时视频会议等。机顶盒则是信息家电中嵌入式和流媒体两种技术结合最为典型的应用产品。
本文设计的基于Davinci的IP机顶盒融合了计算机、通信、多媒体等先进技术,硬件平台采用了德州仪器(TI)公司基于ARM+DSP的双核处理器架构的TMS320DM6446片上系统,软件设计采用了嵌入式Linux操作系统以及基于Davinci技术的多媒体编解码引擎结构。
论文的主要工作如下:
(1)介绍嵌入式流媒体机顶盒的概念、发展前景及结构功能,分析机顶盒设计中所用到的相关技术,给出系统设计的整体方案。
(2)描述了Davinci的软硬件结构及其嵌入式开发环境的建立步骤,阐述了基于Davinci技术的多媒体编解码引擎结构的算法建立和实现流程。
(3)详细论述了网络传输层和用户应用层的设计和实现过程,包括流媒体协议、红外遥控器控制及屏上用户界面(OSD)的显示,并给出了系统测试的结果。
本机顶盒的测试结果表明,视频显示效果清晰,播放流畅,并具有较好的实时性,这为将来机顶盒的功能扩展如:邮件收发、信息咨询等奠定了良好的基础。
The embedded set-top box (STB), which uses the TV as a display device and the internet as transmission network, provides multimedia information services to consumers. It will bring a lot of enjoyments of network, digital media and computer technology through television to many families, especially to children and the elderly who are not proficient in operating PC. With the prevalence and development of broadband networks and digital television, the embedded STB will be expanded and improved in function and be used more widely. So the study of the STB system has an important theoretical and practical value.
Embedded system and streaming media become two new development directions of the computer and network communication technology. The embedded system has many advantages such as small size, strong performance and low power consumption, high reliability and so on. Now it has been widely used in consumer electronics, network communications, industrial control, and other fields. Streaming media technology gets a wide range of applications in Internet information services, such as video-on-demand, online theater, distance education, interactive television, real-time video conferencing, etc. Set-top box is the most typical application combined with the embedded system and streaming media in the information domestic electric appliances.
In this paper, the IP STB based on the Davinci contains computer, communications, multimedia and other advanced technologies. Its hardware platform has used TMS320DM6446 system-on-chip which bases on ARM + DSP dual-core processor architecture of Texas Instruments (TI) company. The software design has used embedded Linux operating system and multimedia codec engine of Davinci technology.
The main tasks of paper are as follows:
(1) The concept, development prospect, structure and function of embedded streaming media STB have been introduced, the relevant techniques used in the STB design has been analyzed and the whole scheme of system design has been given.
(2) The hardware and software, the establishment steps of embedded development environment in Davinci platform have been described, the algorithm creation and implementation process of multimedia codec engine structure based on Davinci technology have been expatiated.
(3) The design and implementation process of network transmission layer and user application have been expatiated, which contain streaming media protocols, the Infrared Remote (IR) control and OSD. At last, the system testing results have been given.
The testing result of this STB shows that the video shows clearly, plays smoothly, and has a good real-time response. So it lays a good foundation for the expansion of STB such as E-mail、information consultation, etc.
引文
[1]易雪燕.基于嵌入式Linux的流媒体机顶盒研究及应用[D].成都.电子科技大学.2005
[2]DaVinci Technology for Digital Video White Paper[R]http://focus.ti.com/lit/ml/sprv067/spry067.pdf
[3]贾鹏 IP机顶盒系统设计及视频解码实现[D]北京 北京工业大学 2006
[4]Yang Jianqiang,Zhang Li,Wu Guowei.Research of a new VOD system on set-top-box[J].In:Proc of International Conferences on Info-tech and Info-net.Beijing,2001(5):317-322
[5]刘宝锋,张文军.机顶盒应用软件模块的设计与实现[J].计算机工程2004(8):85-87
[6]张涛.基于通用DSP实现HDTV机顶盒的研究与设计[D].天津.天津大学 2004
[7]钟玉琢,王琪,贺玉文.基于对象的多媒体数据压缩编码国际标——MPEG-4及其校验模型[M].科学出版社.2002
[8]MPEG Requirement Group.ISO/IEC 14496-12:Information technology——Coding of audio-visual objects:Part 12——ISO base media file format.MPEGDocument:ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 N5295,February 2003
[9]张旭东,卢国栋,冯健编著.图像编码基础和小波压缩技术[M].清华大学出版社.2004
[10]毕厚杰.新一代视频压缩编码标准-H.264/AVC[M].北京:人民邮电出版利.2005
[11]精英科技编著,视频压缩与音频编解码技术[M],中国电力出版利.2002-4.
[12]王国丰,邹建华.多媒体机顶盒结构设计及其关键技术[J].电视技术.2004(4):43-45
[13]钟玉琢,向哲,沈洪等著.流媒体和视频服务器[M].清华大学出版社.2003
[14]余雷,陈建新.基于嵌入式Linux操作系统的有线电视机顶盒的构建[J].中国有线电视2003(18):59-59
[15]TMS320DM6446 Digital Media System-on-Chip[R]http://focus.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/tms320dm6446.pdf
[16]DaVinci~(TM)Technology Digital VideoSoftware Development Kit[R]http://focus.ti.com/lit/ml/sprt396/sprt396.pdf
[17]Programming Details of Codec Engine for DaVinci Technology Whitepaper[R]http://focus.ti.com/lit/ml/spry091/spry091.pdf
[18]xDAIS-DM(Digital Media)User Guide[R]http://focus.ti.com/lit/ug/spruec8b/spruec8b.pdf
[19]马忠梅,李善平,康慨等.ARM&Linux嵌入式系统教程[M].北京航天航空大学出版社.2004
[20]孙纪坤,张小全编著.嵌入式Linux系统开发技术详解[M].人民邮电出版社2006
[21]Moon,Sang-Pil;Kim,Joo-Won;Bae,Kuk-Ho;Lee,Jae-Cheon;Seo,Dae-Wha.Embedded linux implementation on a commercial digital TV system[J].In IEEE Transactionson Consumer Electronics,November 2003,49(4):1402-1407.
[22]邹思铁.嵌入式Linux设计与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社.2002
[23]DVEVM Getting Started Guide[R]http://focus.ti.com/lit/ug/sprue66c/sprue66c.pdf
[24]Codec Engine Application Developer's Guide[R]http://focus.ti.com/lit/ug/sprue67c/sprue67c.pdf
[25]Codec Engine Algorithm Creator User's Guide[R]http://focus.ti.com/lit/ug/sprued6b/sprued6b.pdf
[26]TMS320 DSP Algorithm Standard Developer's Guide[R]http://focus.ti.com/lit/ug/spru424c/spru424c.pdf
[27]TMS320 DSP Algorithm Standard Rules and Guidelines[R]http://focus.ti.com/lit/ug/spru352g/spru352g.pdf
[28]TMS320 DSP Algorithm Standard Demonstration Application[R]http://focus.ti.com/lit/ug/spru361e/spru361e.pdf
[29]TMS320 DSP Algorithm Standard API Reference[R]http://focus.ti.com/lit/ug/spru360e/spru360e.pdf
[30]Codec Engine Server Integrator's Guide[R]http://focus.ti.com/lit/ug/sprued5a/sprued5a.pdf
[31](美)Steve Mack著.流媒体宝典[M].电子工业出版社2003
[32]扬凡 嵌入式流媒体播放器中传输控制协议的研究和实现[D]杭州 浙江大学2006
[33]H.Schulzfinne S.Casner,R.Frederick,V Jacobson.RTP:A transport Protocol for Real-Time Aplication.RFC3550[S],2003
[34]赵德志 基于RTP的流媒体实时传输系统研究与实现[D]南京 南京航空航天大学2005
[35]陈学凯.嵌入式流媒体播放器的设计[D].杭州.浙江大学2005
[36]张宛方,苏鸿根.基于RTP/UDP/IP协议实时传输MPEG-4流媒体文件[J].计算机工程与设计.2004(1):1409-1410
[37]潘鹏,杜旭等.RTP/RTCP实时传输协议的研究与Linux实现[J].计算机工程与应用.2005(24):105-107.
[38]Basso A,Varakliotis S.Transport of MPEG-4 over IP/RTP[J].2000 IEEE International Conference.2000(2):1067-1070.
[39]Stuaut Pekowskv,Rudolf Jaegeu.The set-top box as multi-media Teuminal(J).In IEEE Tuansactionson Consumeu Electuonics,August 1998,44(3):833-840.
[40]李海波.嵌入式系统GUI的机制及其在机顶盒上的应用[D].武汉.华中科技大学2004
[41]罗彬,王宏远.高清晰度电视接收机OSD功能的软件设计[J].电视技术2002(5):73-75.
[42]张贻雄,刘鹏.媒体处理系统芯片中的OSD单元设计及应用[J].电视技术2005(8):43-45.
[43]Fast Development with DaVinci On Screen Display(OSD)[R]http://focus.ti.com/lit/an/spraad7/spraad7.pdf
[44]贾明,严世贤.Linux下的C编程[M].北京:人民邮电出版社.2001
[45](美)David R.Butenhof著.POSIX多线程程序设计[M].中国电力出版社2003
[46]张德源 一款IP机顶盒的播放器软件设计与实现[D].成都 电子科技大学 2006
[47]Nam Ling,Nien-Tsu Wang.Real-time video decoding scheme for HDTV set-top-box[J].IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting,2002,48(4):353-360
[2]DaVinci Technology for Digital Video White Paper[R]http://focus.ti.com/lit/ml/sprv067/spry067.pdf
[3]贾鹏 IP机顶盒系统设计及视频解码实现[D]北京 北京工业大学 2006
[4]Yang Jianqiang,Zhang Li,Wu Guowei.Research of a new VOD system on set-top-box[J].In:Proc of International Conferences on Info-tech and Info-net.Beijing,2001(5):317-322
[5]刘宝锋,张文军.机顶盒应用软件模块的设计与实现[J].计算机工程2004(8):85-87
[6]张涛.基于通用DSP实现HDTV机顶盒的研究与设计[D].天津.天津大学 2004
[7]钟玉琢,王琪,贺玉文.基于对象的多媒体数据压缩编码国际标——MPEG-4及其校验模型[M].科学出版社.2002
[8]MPEG Requirement Group.ISO/IEC 14496-12:Information technology——Coding of audio-visual objects:Part 12——ISO base media file format.MPEGDocument:ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 N5295,February 2003
[9]张旭东,卢国栋,冯健编著.图像编码基础和小波压缩技术[M].清华大学出版社.2004
[10]毕厚杰.新一代视频压缩编码标准-H.264/AVC[M].北京:人民邮电出版利.2005
[11]精英科技编著,视频压缩与音频编解码技术[M],中国电力出版利.2002-4.
[12]王国丰,邹建华.多媒体机顶盒结构设计及其关键技术[J].电视技术.2004(4):43-45
[13]钟玉琢,向哲,沈洪等著.流媒体和视频服务器[M].清华大学出版社.2003
[14]余雷,陈建新.基于嵌入式Linux操作系统的有线电视机顶盒的构建[J].中国有线电视2003(18):59-59
[15]TMS320DM6446 Digital Media System-on-Chip[R]http://focus.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/tms320dm6446.pdf
[16]DaVinci~(TM)Technology Digital VideoSoftware Development Kit[R]http://focus.ti.com/lit/ml/sprt396/sprt396.pdf
[17]Programming Details of Codec Engine for DaVinci Technology Whitepaper[R]http://focus.ti.com/lit/ml/spry091/spry091.pdf
[18]xDAIS-DM(Digital Media)User Guide[R]http://focus.ti.com/lit/ug/spruec8b/spruec8b.pdf
[19]马忠梅,李善平,康慨等.ARM&Linux嵌入式系统教程[M].北京航天航空大学出版社.2004
[20]孙纪坤,张小全编著.嵌入式Linux系统开发技术详解[M].人民邮电出版社2006
[21]Moon,Sang-Pil;Kim,Joo-Won;Bae,Kuk-Ho;Lee,Jae-Cheon;Seo,Dae-Wha.Embedded linux implementation on a commercial digital TV system[J].In IEEE Transactionson Consumer Electronics,November 2003,49(4):1402-1407.
[22]邹思铁.嵌入式Linux设计与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社.2002
[23]DVEVM Getting Started Guide[R]http://focus.ti.com/lit/ug/sprue66c/sprue66c.pdf
[24]Codec Engine Application Developer's Guide[R]http://focus.ti.com/lit/ug/sprue67c/sprue67c.pdf
[25]Codec Engine Algorithm Creator User's Guide[R]http://focus.ti.com/lit/ug/sprued6b/sprued6b.pdf
[26]TMS320 DSP Algorithm Standard Developer's Guide[R]http://focus.ti.com/lit/ug/spru424c/spru424c.pdf
[27]TMS320 DSP Algorithm Standard Rules and Guidelines[R]http://focus.ti.com/lit/ug/spru352g/spru352g.pdf
[28]TMS320 DSP Algorithm Standard Demonstration Application[R]http://focus.ti.com/lit/ug/spru361e/spru361e.pdf
[29]TMS320 DSP Algorithm Standard API Reference[R]http://focus.ti.com/lit/ug/spru360e/spru360e.pdf
[30]Codec Engine Server Integrator's Guide[R]http://focus.ti.com/lit/ug/sprued5a/sprued5a.pdf
[31](美)Steve Mack著.流媒体宝典[M].电子工业出版社2003
[32]扬凡 嵌入式流媒体播放器中传输控制协议的研究和实现[D]杭州 浙江大学2006
[33]H.Schulzfinne S.Casner,R.Frederick,V Jacobson.RTP:A transport Protocol for Real-Time Aplication.RFC3550[S],2003
[34]赵德志 基于RTP的流媒体实时传输系统研究与实现[D]南京 南京航空航天大学2005
[35]陈学凯.嵌入式流媒体播放器的设计[D].杭州.浙江大学2005
[36]张宛方,苏鸿根.基于RTP/UDP/IP协议实时传输MPEG-4流媒体文件[J].计算机工程与设计.2004(1):1409-1410
[37]潘鹏,杜旭等.RTP/RTCP实时传输协议的研究与Linux实现[J].计算机工程与应用.2005(24):105-107.
[38]Basso A,Varakliotis S.Transport of MPEG-4 over IP/RTP[J].2000 IEEE International Conference.2000(2):1067-1070.
[39]Stuaut Pekowskv,Rudolf Jaegeu.The set-top box as multi-media Teuminal(J).In IEEE Tuansactionson Consumeu Electuonics,August 1998,44(3):833-840.
[40]李海波.嵌入式系统GUI的机制及其在机顶盒上的应用[D].武汉.华中科技大学2004
[41]罗彬,王宏远.高清晰度电视接收机OSD功能的软件设计[J].电视技术2002(5):73-75.
[42]张贻雄,刘鹏.媒体处理系统芯片中的OSD单元设计及应用[J].电视技术2005(8):43-45.
[43]Fast Development with DaVinci On Screen Display(OSD)[R]http://focus.ti.com/lit/an/spraad7/spraad7.pdf
[44]贾明,严世贤.Linux下的C编程[M].北京:人民邮电出版社.2001
[45](美)David R.Butenhof著.POSIX多线程程序设计[M].中国电力出版社2003
[46]张德源 一款IP机顶盒的播放器软件设计与实现[D].成都 电子科技大学 2006
[47]Nam Ling,Nien-Tsu Wang.Real-time video decoding scheme for HDTV set-top-box[J].IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting,2002,48(4):353-360