带缝保温耗能剪力墙抗震性能试验与理论研究
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摘要
随着国家墙体改革、建筑节能等相关政策的实施,工程界迫切需要对传统建筑结构进行改革和技术创新,开发新的建筑结构体系。针对传统现浇钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构自重大、刚度大、地震作用大、延性差以及保温隔热等建筑节能性能差等诸多缺点,本文研究开发一种带缝保温耗能钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构,这种新型多功能剪力墙既保持了普通的钢筋混凝土剪力墙的优点,又克服了普通钢筋混凝土剪力墙自重大、刚度大、地震作用大等缺点。将这种新型墙应用于地震区的多层和小高层房屋,可以减轻自重、减小刚度、降低地震作用、提高延性、节约材料,并能提高建筑保温节能性能。
设计制作了六个带缝保温耗能剪力墙试件,通过对其进行水平低周反复荷载试验,研究了其受力变形特征、破坏形态、耗能机理等力学性能,以及轴压比、连接键等因素对剪力墙抗震性能的影响。建立了新型多功能剪力墙的非线性有限元分析模型,应用有限元分析软件对试验模型进行数值分析,并将计算结果与试验曲线进行对比;探讨了混凝土强度等级、轴压比和耗能竖缝设置形式等关键因素对剪力墙抗震性能的影响规律。
研究结果表明,本文研发的新型多功能剪力墙具有良好的抗震性能和耗能能力,体现了多道设防的抗震设计思想;竖缝及连接键的设置对剪力墙结构的抗震性能影响较大,合理设置连接键可以在承载力降低较少的情况下,较大程度的提高剪力墙的抗震性能和变形能力;研究了剪力墙的耗能机理,建立了耗能装置的荷载—位移滞回模型;为新型剪力墙的设计以及工程应用提供了技术依据和参考。
The development of the building structure system becomes one of the pre-task in engineering at present, with the alteration and innovation of traditional building technique and implementation of the policy on walling material and energy saving. Be directed against the shortcoming of traditional shear wall, such as the large self-weight, stiffness and seismic action, an new type of slitted shear wall combined with keep-warming layers and dissipating energy forms,is represented in this paper. This new type shear wall not only has the advantages of traditional shear wall, such as the good bearing capacity of horizontal loading, but also overcome the shortcoming of traditional shear wall, such as the large self-weight, stiffness and large earthquake action. Appling the new type of shear wall to multi-story and sub-high rise structures, these can be come into being that include reducing self-weight, stiffness, earthquake action, and improving ductile, saving material,and the need of heat proof and saving energy can be satisfied too.
Based on the advantages of the shear wall, six model specimens were designed and fabricated. By cyclic reversed loading test, the structural dynamic performances such as internal force, deformation behavior and failure proceeding of the specimens, under the different ratio of axial compressive force and connecter forms have been investigated. The simulative models of nonlinear FEM were planed basing on the results of the experiment. The calculative outcomes agree with the experimental results, which prove the accuracy of the calculating model. By utilizing ANSYS program, the factors which impact the seismic behavior regularity of reinforced concrete shear wall such as strength of concrete, ratio of axial compressive force and the form of energy-dissipating install were analyzed.
It is shown that the new type of shear wall can greatly improve the seismic and energy-dissipating behavior of reinforced concrete hollow shear wall from the results of investigation. The results of research showed that the new type of the multi functional shear wall has multi seismic resistant system. To set the vertical slit and connects on the wall can effectively affect the seismic behavior of shear wall structure. If setting the vertical slit and connects reasonably, the seismic and deformation behavior of shear wall can be improved greatly, with the bearing capacity is reduced a little degree. The energy-dissipating mechanism of multi functional shear wall was studied, and the hysteretic model of energy-dissipating shear wall was represented in this paper. The results provide the reference for its design and application in engineering.
设计制作了六个带缝保温耗能剪力墙试件,通过对其进行水平低周反复荷载试验,研究了其受力变形特征、破坏形态、耗能机理等力学性能,以及轴压比、连接键等因素对剪力墙抗震性能的影响。建立了新型多功能剪力墙的非线性有限元分析模型,应用有限元分析软件对试验模型进行数值分析,并将计算结果与试验曲线进行对比;探讨了混凝土强度等级、轴压比和耗能竖缝设置形式等关键因素对剪力墙抗震性能的影响规律。
研究结果表明,本文研发的新型多功能剪力墙具有良好的抗震性能和耗能能力,体现了多道设防的抗震设计思想;竖缝及连接键的设置对剪力墙结构的抗震性能影响较大,合理设置连接键可以在承载力降低较少的情况下,较大程度的提高剪力墙的抗震性能和变形能力;研究了剪力墙的耗能机理,建立了耗能装置的荷载—位移滞回模型;为新型剪力墙的设计以及工程应用提供了技术依据和参考。
The development of the building structure system becomes one of the pre-task in engineering at present, with the alteration and innovation of traditional building technique and implementation of the policy on walling material and energy saving. Be directed against the shortcoming of traditional shear wall, such as the large self-weight, stiffness and seismic action, an new type of slitted shear wall combined with keep-warming layers and dissipating energy forms,is represented in this paper. This new type shear wall not only has the advantages of traditional shear wall, such as the good bearing capacity of horizontal loading, but also overcome the shortcoming of traditional shear wall, such as the large self-weight, stiffness and large earthquake action. Appling the new type of shear wall to multi-story and sub-high rise structures, these can be come into being that include reducing self-weight, stiffness, earthquake action, and improving ductile, saving material,and the need of heat proof and saving energy can be satisfied too.
Based on the advantages of the shear wall, six model specimens were designed and fabricated. By cyclic reversed loading test, the structural dynamic performances such as internal force, deformation behavior and failure proceeding of the specimens, under the different ratio of axial compressive force and connecter forms have been investigated. The simulative models of nonlinear FEM were planed basing on the results of the experiment. The calculative outcomes agree with the experimental results, which prove the accuracy of the calculating model. By utilizing ANSYS program, the factors which impact the seismic behavior regularity of reinforced concrete shear wall such as strength of concrete, ratio of axial compressive force and the form of energy-dissipating install were analyzed.
It is shown that the new type of shear wall can greatly improve the seismic and energy-dissipating behavior of reinforced concrete hollow shear wall from the results of investigation. The results of research showed that the new type of the multi functional shear wall has multi seismic resistant system. To set the vertical slit and connects on the wall can effectively affect the seismic behavior of shear wall structure. If setting the vertical slit and connects reasonably, the seismic and deformation behavior of shear wall can be improved greatly, with the bearing capacity is reduced a little degree. The energy-dissipating mechanism of multi functional shear wall was studied, and the hysteretic model of energy-dissipating shear wall was represented in this paper. The results provide the reference for its design and application in engineering.
引文
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