大庆外围低渗透储层多孔介质分类方法及应用
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摘要
为了经济、合理、有序地开发低渗透油田,必须建立科学、系统的分类方法。对低渗透储层而言,不同低渗透储层的开发特征表现出的差异与岩石物性、孔隙结构密切相关,渗透率并不是影响低渗透储层开发效果的唯一因素。深入认识低渗透储层的孔喉结构特征以及渗流特征,是正确分类、有效开发低渗透油藏的关键。
本文采用扫描电镜和恒速压汞孔隙结构分析、核磁共振可动流体饱和度测试技术对大庆外围低渗透储层开发效果主要影响因素进行了研究。从渗透率、可动流体饱和度、平均喉道半径和启动压力梯度对低渗透储层驱油效率、采收率的影响程度出发,建立了低渗透储层分类的参数体系。采用聚类分析法对大庆外围低渗透储层多孔介质进行了分类。分别用可动流体饱和度、平均喉道半径和启动压力梯度进行了单参数分类;分别用渗透率和可动流体饱和度、渗透率和平均喉道半径、渗透率和启动压力梯度进行了两参数分类;用可动流体饱和度、平均喉道半径和启动压力梯度进行了三参数分类。结果表明,按可动流体饱和度、平均喉道半径和启动压力梯度三参数分类,更能反应低渗透储层多孔介质的基本特征,也更能体现储层的近似程度,分类结果更科学、合理。
依据大庆外围低渗透储层三参数分类结果,提出了改善不同类型低渗透储层开发效果的针对性技术措施。G1类(优级)储层主要通过注水开发调整、注采调控技术来改善开发效果;G2类(良级)储层主要通过注水开发调整井网优化和加密来改善开发效果,对满足微生物吞吐适应条件的油层,应优先考虑选择微生物法提高采收率;G3类(中级)储层主要通过表面活性剂驱油法提高采收率,还可以采用水平井开采技术;G4类(差级)储层主要通过注气法改善开发效果。
In order to exploit low permeability reservoirs economically, reasonably and effectively, we must develop a scientific and systematic classification method. Disparitis in development characteristics of different low permeability reservoirs are closely related to rock physical properties and pore structures. Permeability is not the only factor that impact the development effect of low permeability reservoir. The key to correctly classify and effectively exploit low permeability reservoirs is deeply understanding pore structure characteristics and percolation flow characteristics of low permeability reservoir.
In this paper, main factors influencing development effect of Daqing's peripheral low permeability reservoirs were studied by SEM and rate-controlled mercury penetration pore structure analysis and MRI movable fluid saturation measuring technique. classification parameters for low permeability reservoir has been found, which is based on the impact of flooding efficiency and recovery percent, regarding penetration, movable fluid saturation, the average throat radius and the starting pressure gradient. The porous media of low permeability reservoirs in Daqing peripheral oilfield was classified by applying the cluster analysis method. Classify by one parameter to three parameters, the results show that classification based on the three-parameter of movable fluid saturation, average throat radius, starting pressure gradient can better reflect the basic characteristics of the porous media of low permeability reservoirs and the approximate degree of reservoirs, the classification results are more scientific and reasonable.
Based on the three-parameter classification results, specific technical measures were made to improve the development effect of different types low-permeability reservoir. Gl-type(excellent level) reservoirs improve the development effect mainly by wells-net optimization and encryption of water injection development and microbe method. G2-type (good level) reservoirs through the heat recovery technology to improve development effectiveness. G3-type(intermediate) reservoirs propose to use the horizontal wells in exploitation. G4-type(bad grade) reservoirs mainly through gas injection method to improve the development effect.
本文采用扫描电镜和恒速压汞孔隙结构分析、核磁共振可动流体饱和度测试技术对大庆外围低渗透储层开发效果主要影响因素进行了研究。从渗透率、可动流体饱和度、平均喉道半径和启动压力梯度对低渗透储层驱油效率、采收率的影响程度出发,建立了低渗透储层分类的参数体系。采用聚类分析法对大庆外围低渗透储层多孔介质进行了分类。分别用可动流体饱和度、平均喉道半径和启动压力梯度进行了单参数分类;分别用渗透率和可动流体饱和度、渗透率和平均喉道半径、渗透率和启动压力梯度进行了两参数分类;用可动流体饱和度、平均喉道半径和启动压力梯度进行了三参数分类。结果表明,按可动流体饱和度、平均喉道半径和启动压力梯度三参数分类,更能反应低渗透储层多孔介质的基本特征,也更能体现储层的近似程度,分类结果更科学、合理。
依据大庆外围低渗透储层三参数分类结果,提出了改善不同类型低渗透储层开发效果的针对性技术措施。G1类(优级)储层主要通过注水开发调整、注采调控技术来改善开发效果;G2类(良级)储层主要通过注水开发调整井网优化和加密来改善开发效果,对满足微生物吞吐适应条件的油层,应优先考虑选择微生物法提高采收率;G3类(中级)储层主要通过表面活性剂驱油法提高采收率,还可以采用水平井开采技术;G4类(差级)储层主要通过注气法改善开发效果。
In order to exploit low permeability reservoirs economically, reasonably and effectively, we must develop a scientific and systematic classification method. Disparitis in development characteristics of different low permeability reservoirs are closely related to rock physical properties and pore structures. Permeability is not the only factor that impact the development effect of low permeability reservoir. The key to correctly classify and effectively exploit low permeability reservoirs is deeply understanding pore structure characteristics and percolation flow characteristics of low permeability reservoir.
In this paper, main factors influencing development effect of Daqing's peripheral low permeability reservoirs were studied by SEM and rate-controlled mercury penetration pore structure analysis and MRI movable fluid saturation measuring technique. classification parameters for low permeability reservoir has been found, which is based on the impact of flooding efficiency and recovery percent, regarding penetration, movable fluid saturation, the average throat radius and the starting pressure gradient. The porous media of low permeability reservoirs in Daqing peripheral oilfield was classified by applying the cluster analysis method. Classify by one parameter to three parameters, the results show that classification based on the three-parameter of movable fluid saturation, average throat radius, starting pressure gradient can better reflect the basic characteristics of the porous media of low permeability reservoirs and the approximate degree of reservoirs, the classification results are more scientific and reasonable.
Based on the three-parameter classification results, specific technical measures were made to improve the development effect of different types low-permeability reservoir. Gl-type(excellent level) reservoirs improve the development effect mainly by wells-net optimization and encryption of water injection development and microbe method. G2-type (good level) reservoirs through the heat recovery technology to improve development effectiveness. G3-type(intermediate) reservoirs propose to use the horizontal wells in exploitation. G4-type(bad grade) reservoirs mainly through gas injection method to improve the development effect.
引文
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