高邮凹陷北斜坡构造特征及其对油气的控制作用
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摘要
高邮凹陷北部斜坡带是江苏油田勘探的重点和难点地区之一,本文研究的目的及意义是深化对高邮凹陷北部斜坡带有关构造特征、油气分布和构造对油气的控制规律的认识,为研究区油气勘探服务。
本文针对北斜坡复杂断块的地质特点,综合运用地质、地震、钻井和测井等多种信息,以构造地质学、油区构造分析、含油气盆地分析和石油地质学等多学科理论为指导,考虑几何学、运动学、动力学和时间四个方面因素,对苏北盆地、高邮凹陷、北斜坡开展了逐层推进的综合研究。主要研究内容包括苏北盆地构造演化阶段、构造样式及成因;高邮凹陷结构与几何学特征、油气藏类型与成因、油气藏的成藏模式;北斜坡局部构造特征、断裂特征、断裂组合特征、构造圈闭带特征与成因,总结了构造对油气分布的控制作用,在此基础上寻找有利的构造圈闭。
主要的结果和结论有以下几点:苏北盆地可分为伸展构造样式、走滑构造样式、挤压构造样式和反转构造样式等四种构造样式类型,不同构造样式是在走滑-拉张的统一应力场下形成的;高邮凹陷分为斜坡部位的构造圈闭带、主控断裂两侧的断块圈闭、主控断层扭动转换部位的断鼻断块圈闭、以伸展作用为主的断阶带复杂断块圈闭等4种类型,不同类型油气藏成藏的关键因素不同;北斜坡划分为赤岸、码头庄、卸甲庄-沙埝-瓦庄、吴岔河等四个构造带,构造带内断裂具有数量多、延伸距离短、断开层位少的特点;断层是北斜坡油气分布的主要控制因素,断层对油气的控制作用体现在断层规模、断层活动期与油气运移成藏期的匹配关系、断层的应力状态、反向断层的侧向遮挡和断层的形态及组合类型等五个方面;以高邮凹陷油气分布规律为指导,认为临泽凹陷柳陵断层两侧及南部斜坡带和海安凹陷富东断层两侧及北部斜坡带是可能的有利构造圈闭。与前人相比,在苏北盆地构造样式及成因和高邮凹陷构造圈闭带的划分与成因等方面有所创新。
The Northern Slope of Gaoyou Sag is one of the important and difficult exploration area in Jiangsu Oilfield. This thesis analyzes the structural features and the hydrocarbon distribution of the Northern Slope of Gaoyou Sag, further discusses the controlling of structures to oil and gas reservoir, and be able to provide more beneficial help in exploration of the research area.
Aiming to geology features of complex fault-block, this thesis successively studies Subei Basin, Gaoyou Sag and Northern Slope according to the comprehensive application of geology, seismic interpretation, drilling and well log data, and under the guidance of Structural Geology, Petroleum Region Analysis, Petroliferous Basin Analysis and Petroleum Geology, and the geometry, kinematics, dynamics and time are also taken into consideration. The main contents includes structural evolution stages, structure styles and their origin of Subei Basin; structure and geometry features, reservoir types and genesis and accumulation model of Gaoyou Sag; characteristics of regional structures, faults and fault assemblages as well as structural trap belts and their genesis of the Northern Slope. The thesis summarizes the controlling of structures to the distribution of oil and gas, and search for favorable structural traps.
Main conclusions are as followings: There are four structure styles developed in Subei Basin, such as extensional structure style, strike-slip structure style, compressional structure style and reverse structure style, which formed in the same strike-slip extensional stress field; The traps of Gaoyou sag can be divided into four types such as structural traps in Northern Slope, fault-block traps adjacent to main faults, fault nose traps and block traps developed at the transfer zone which occurs at the intersection part of the main control faults, complex fault-block traps in South Terrace, and the dominant reservoir-forming factors of different petroleum accumulation are different; The Northern Slope of Gaoyou Sag can be divided into four regional structure belts, such as Chian structure belt, Matouzhuang structure belt, Xiejiazhuang-Shanian-Wazhuang structure belt, and Wuchahe structure belt, numerous faults developed in the Northern Slope of Gaoyou Sag but their scale is small and length is short and so their vertical fault throw is also very small; The fault is the main control factor of petroleum accumulation, and the controlling mainly manifested in the following five aspects: the fault size, the matching relationship of fault active stage and petroleum accumulation stage, fault stress state, lateral barrier of antithetic faults, fault shape and fault combination. Guided by structural traps and petroleum distribution characteristics in Gaoyou sag, put forward four favorable structural traps such as zones adjacent to Liuling Fault and the southern slope of Linze Sag as well as the structural traps controlled by Fudong Fault and its sub-faults on the slope of Hai’an Sag. Compared to references existed, this paper brings innovation in stucture styles and their genesis of Subei Basin, and stucture trap belt divisions and their genesis of Gaoyou Sag.
本文针对北斜坡复杂断块的地质特点,综合运用地质、地震、钻井和测井等多种信息,以构造地质学、油区构造分析、含油气盆地分析和石油地质学等多学科理论为指导,考虑几何学、运动学、动力学和时间四个方面因素,对苏北盆地、高邮凹陷、北斜坡开展了逐层推进的综合研究。主要研究内容包括苏北盆地构造演化阶段、构造样式及成因;高邮凹陷结构与几何学特征、油气藏类型与成因、油气藏的成藏模式;北斜坡局部构造特征、断裂特征、断裂组合特征、构造圈闭带特征与成因,总结了构造对油气分布的控制作用,在此基础上寻找有利的构造圈闭。
主要的结果和结论有以下几点:苏北盆地可分为伸展构造样式、走滑构造样式、挤压构造样式和反转构造样式等四种构造样式类型,不同构造样式是在走滑-拉张的统一应力场下形成的;高邮凹陷分为斜坡部位的构造圈闭带、主控断裂两侧的断块圈闭、主控断层扭动转换部位的断鼻断块圈闭、以伸展作用为主的断阶带复杂断块圈闭等4种类型,不同类型油气藏成藏的关键因素不同;北斜坡划分为赤岸、码头庄、卸甲庄-沙埝-瓦庄、吴岔河等四个构造带,构造带内断裂具有数量多、延伸距离短、断开层位少的特点;断层是北斜坡油气分布的主要控制因素,断层对油气的控制作用体现在断层规模、断层活动期与油气运移成藏期的匹配关系、断层的应力状态、反向断层的侧向遮挡和断层的形态及组合类型等五个方面;以高邮凹陷油气分布规律为指导,认为临泽凹陷柳陵断层两侧及南部斜坡带和海安凹陷富东断层两侧及北部斜坡带是可能的有利构造圈闭。与前人相比,在苏北盆地构造样式及成因和高邮凹陷构造圈闭带的划分与成因等方面有所创新。
The Northern Slope of Gaoyou Sag is one of the important and difficult exploration area in Jiangsu Oilfield. This thesis analyzes the structural features and the hydrocarbon distribution of the Northern Slope of Gaoyou Sag, further discusses the controlling of structures to oil and gas reservoir, and be able to provide more beneficial help in exploration of the research area.
Aiming to geology features of complex fault-block, this thesis successively studies Subei Basin, Gaoyou Sag and Northern Slope according to the comprehensive application of geology, seismic interpretation, drilling and well log data, and under the guidance of Structural Geology, Petroleum Region Analysis, Petroliferous Basin Analysis and Petroleum Geology, and the geometry, kinematics, dynamics and time are also taken into consideration. The main contents includes structural evolution stages, structure styles and their origin of Subei Basin; structure and geometry features, reservoir types and genesis and accumulation model of Gaoyou Sag; characteristics of regional structures, faults and fault assemblages as well as structural trap belts and their genesis of the Northern Slope. The thesis summarizes the controlling of structures to the distribution of oil and gas, and search for favorable structural traps.
Main conclusions are as followings: There are four structure styles developed in Subei Basin, such as extensional structure style, strike-slip structure style, compressional structure style and reverse structure style, which formed in the same strike-slip extensional stress field; The traps of Gaoyou sag can be divided into four types such as structural traps in Northern Slope, fault-block traps adjacent to main faults, fault nose traps and block traps developed at the transfer zone which occurs at the intersection part of the main control faults, complex fault-block traps in South Terrace, and the dominant reservoir-forming factors of different petroleum accumulation are different; The Northern Slope of Gaoyou Sag can be divided into four regional structure belts, such as Chian structure belt, Matouzhuang structure belt, Xiejiazhuang-Shanian-Wazhuang structure belt, and Wuchahe structure belt, numerous faults developed in the Northern Slope of Gaoyou Sag but their scale is small and length is short and so their vertical fault throw is also very small; The fault is the main control factor of petroleum accumulation, and the controlling mainly manifested in the following five aspects: the fault size, the matching relationship of fault active stage and petroleum accumulation stage, fault stress state, lateral barrier of antithetic faults, fault shape and fault combination. Guided by structural traps and petroleum distribution characteristics in Gaoyou sag, put forward four favorable structural traps such as zones adjacent to Liuling Fault and the southern slope of Linze Sag as well as the structural traps controlled by Fudong Fault and its sub-faults on the slope of Hai’an Sag. Compared to references existed, this paper brings innovation in stucture styles and their genesis of Subei Basin, and stucture trap belt divisions and their genesis of Gaoyou Sag.
引文
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[2]夏斌,刘朝露,陈根文.渤海湾盆地中新生代构造演化与构造样式[J].天然气工业,2006,26(12):57-60
[3]廖昌珍,张岳桥,温长顺.鄂尔多斯盆地东缘边界带构造样式及其区域构造意义[J].地质学报,2007,81(4):466-474
[4]丁丽荣,柳忠泉,雷敏,等.合肥盆地演化及构造样式[J].石油实验地质,2002,24(3):204-208
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