东河1油田石炭系东河砂岩段地质建模研究
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摘要
东河1油田石炭系油藏位于塔北隆起中段东河塘断裂背斜构造带上。东河砂岩属广海型海滩沉积的前滨和临滨微相,沉积厚度平均为250m,储层整体综合评价为中孔中渗储层,油藏类型为块状底水油藏。截止2010年11月,油藏累积产油794.2417×10~4t,累积注水1484.0×10~4m~3,油藏综合含水率52.12%。目前存在以下问题:由于油层厚度大,部分岩性段划分需要进一步落实;油层纵向夹层发育使得储层非均质性严重;油藏底部存在稠油垫,需要搞清楚稠油垫分布特征以及对油藏开发的影响;到了开发中后期油藏含水率上升快,层间矛盾更加突出等问题。针对以上问题,对油藏进行深入认识,建立正确反映油藏地质特征的地质模型,对后期开发方案调整都具有重要意义。
本论文从东河1油田石炭系油藏的实际情况出发,综合应用钻井、取芯、岩芯化验分析、测井和生产动态等资料,对油藏地层进行精细对比、储层特征和稠油分布特征以及稠油段对油藏开发的影响进行研究;在前面研究成果基础之上进行三维储层随机建模,计算油藏地质储量和稠油段储量。论文主要取得了如下几点成果与认识:
(1)东河砂岩段分为上下两个准层序组,下部准层序组为海平面下降期沉积,上部准层序组为海平面上升或海进期向陆退积沉积。在准层序组划分的基础之上,进一步将东河砂岩段划分为5个准层序,细分为10个岩层组(岩性段)。
(2)东河砂岩段分五类储层:Ⅰ类储层孔隙度>18%,渗透率>100×10~(-3) m~2;Ⅱ类储层孔隙度17%～18%,渗透率50×10~(-3) m~2～100×10~(-3) m~2;Ⅲ类储层孔隙度14%～17%,渗透率10×10~(-3) m~2～50×10~(-3) m~2;Ⅳ类储层孔隙度10%～14%,渗透率3×10~(-3) m~2～10×10~(-3) m~2;Ⅴ类非储层孔隙度<10%,渗透率<3×10~(-3) m~2。1岩性段属于低孔低渗储层,主要以Ⅳ储层为主。2、3、4和5岩性段属于中孔中渗储层,主要以Ⅲ类储层为主,是主要的产层段。6、7、8和9岩性段属于中孔低渗储层,主要为水层段。
(3)东河砂岩段夹层主要分为三类:泥质砂岩夹层、灰质砂岩夹层和泥质灰质砂岩夹层。主要以泥质砂岩夹层和泥质灰质砂岩夹层为主,该类夹层在整个东河砂岩段都较发育,而灰质砂岩夹层相对最不发育且分布比较随机,厚度较薄。
(4)油藏底部稠油段电阻率介于油层和水层之间,深、中、浅侧向电阻率之间的幅差较大,厚度大致在10m～15m之间,平均厚度约为11.54m。油藏压力变化及注水井吸水剖面分析结果都说明稠油段对油藏边底水的推进起到了明显的抑制作用。
综合以上研究成果,建立油藏地质模型,计算油藏地质储量为2556.6万吨,稠油段储量为255.9万吨。
The Donghe 1 carboniferous oil reservoir is located at the Donghetang riftzone anticline tectonic belt in the middle section of the North Tarim Uplift. Donghe Sandstone belongs to the foreshore and beach shoreface microfacies of wide sea-based deposition, average sedimentary thickness is 250m, the overall evaluation on reservoir is medium porosity and permeability, reservoir type is the block bottom water oil reservoir. Until November 2010, the cumulative oil production of reservoirs is 794.2417×10~4t, the cumulative water injection is 1484.0×10~4m~3, and the water cut is 52.12%.There is the following problems now. Due to the large thickness of the reservoir, part of lithologic section division needs some further implementation. The development of vertical sandwich made reservoir heterogeneity serious. Beacause of heavy oil section in the bottom of reservoir, it is needed to figure out the distributional characteristics of heavy oil section and impact of heavy oil section for reservoir development. The contradiction between layers becomes more prominent when the water cut rises rapidly in the later development of reservoir and so on. To solve these problems, we must clearly understand reservoir characteristics of the region to establish the geological model which can accurately reflect the characteristics of reservoir geology. It is very significant for the adjustment for the later development programs.
In this paper, on the bases of the actual situation of the Donghe 1 carboniferous oil reservoir, combing with the drilling, coring, core laboratory analysis, and dynamic performance data, it is researched on the reservoir fine contrast, reservoir characteristics, heavy oil distribution and its influence on the development. Based on previous research, it is established three-dimensional reservoir stochastic model, calculated the geology reserves and reserves of heavy oil section. In the paper, there are the following obtained results and understandings:
(1)Donghe Sandstone section is divided into the upper and lower parasequence set, of which the lower part of parasequence sets belong to the fall deposition of sea level and the upper parasequence set belong to the deposition of the sea-level rising or sea into the land back to the plot. On the basis of divisons on parasequence set , Donghe Sandstone is furtherly divided into 5 parasequences and subdivided into 10 strata groups (lithologic).
(2) Sandstone reservoir section is divided into five categories: ClassⅠis porosity>18%, permeability>100×10~(-3) m~2; ClassⅡis porosity of 17%~18%, permeability of 50×10~(-3) m~2~100×10~(-3) m~2; ClassⅢis porosity of 14%~17%, permeability of 10×10~(-3) m~2~50×10~(-3) m~2; ClassⅣporosity of 10%~14%, permeability of 3×10~(-3) m~2~10×10~(-3) m~2; ClassⅤof non-reservoir is porosity <10%, permeability <3×10~(-3) m~2. The lithologic Section 1 is low porosity and low permeability, and mainly belongs to class reservoir IV. The lithologic Section 2, 3,4 and 5 is medium porosity and medium permeability, and mainly belongs to class reservoir III which is the main producing layers. The lithologic Section 6, 7,8 and 9 are medium porosity and low permeability and the main section is the water layer.
(3) The Sandwich of sandstone section is divided into three categories: muddy sandstone Sandwich, gray sandstone sandwich and muddy gray sandstone sandwich. The main classes are muddy sandstone Sandwich and muddy gray sandstone sandwich which are more developed in the entire Donghe sandstone, but the gray sandstone sandwich is the least developed and its distribution is random and thinner.
(4) Heavy oil segment of Donghe Sandstone is characterized by logging response: The amplitude difference is large among Resistivity of flushed zone RXO, the lateral resistivity RM and deep lateral resistivity RD, resistivity of heavy oil is between the oil layer and water layer. The thickness of heavy section is of 10m~15m and the average thickness is about 11.54m. It is indicated that heavy oil segment in the bottom of Donghe sandstone plays a significant inhibition for the forward edge and bottom water of the reservoir by analysis of reservoir pressure and water injection wells profile.
Finally, formation model of the Donghe sandstone in Donghe 1 Oilfield is established by the above results. According to the results of this model, geological oil reserves is 25.566 million tons and the reserves of heavy oil section is 2.559 million tons.
本论文从东河1油田石炭系油藏的实际情况出发,综合应用钻井、取芯、岩芯化验分析、测井和生产动态等资料,对油藏地层进行精细对比、储层特征和稠油分布特征以及稠油段对油藏开发的影响进行研究;在前面研究成果基础之上进行三维储层随机建模,计算油藏地质储量和稠油段储量。论文主要取得了如下几点成果与认识:
(1)东河砂岩段分为上下两个准层序组,下部准层序组为海平面下降期沉积,上部准层序组为海平面上升或海进期向陆退积沉积。在准层序组划分的基础之上,进一步将东河砂岩段划分为5个准层序,细分为10个岩层组(岩性段)。
(2)东河砂岩段分五类储层:Ⅰ类储层孔隙度>18%,渗透率>100×10~(-3) m~2;Ⅱ类储层孔隙度17%～18%,渗透率50×10~(-3) m~2～100×10~(-3) m~2;Ⅲ类储层孔隙度14%～17%,渗透率10×10~(-3) m~2～50×10~(-3) m~2;Ⅳ类储层孔隙度10%～14%,渗透率3×10~(-3) m~2～10×10~(-3) m~2;Ⅴ类非储层孔隙度<10%,渗透率<3×10~(-3) m~2。1岩性段属于低孔低渗储层,主要以Ⅳ储层为主。2、3、4和5岩性段属于中孔中渗储层,主要以Ⅲ类储层为主,是主要的产层段。6、7、8和9岩性段属于中孔低渗储层,主要为水层段。
(3)东河砂岩段夹层主要分为三类:泥质砂岩夹层、灰质砂岩夹层和泥质灰质砂岩夹层。主要以泥质砂岩夹层和泥质灰质砂岩夹层为主,该类夹层在整个东河砂岩段都较发育,而灰质砂岩夹层相对最不发育且分布比较随机,厚度较薄。
(4)油藏底部稠油段电阻率介于油层和水层之间,深、中、浅侧向电阻率之间的幅差较大,厚度大致在10m～15m之间,平均厚度约为11.54m。油藏压力变化及注水井吸水剖面分析结果都说明稠油段对油藏边底水的推进起到了明显的抑制作用。
综合以上研究成果,建立油藏地质模型,计算油藏地质储量为2556.6万吨,稠油段储量为255.9万吨。
The Donghe 1 carboniferous oil reservoir is located at the Donghetang riftzone anticline tectonic belt in the middle section of the North Tarim Uplift. Donghe Sandstone belongs to the foreshore and beach shoreface microfacies of wide sea-based deposition, average sedimentary thickness is 250m, the overall evaluation on reservoir is medium porosity and permeability, reservoir type is the block bottom water oil reservoir. Until November 2010, the cumulative oil production of reservoirs is 794.2417×10~4t, the cumulative water injection is 1484.0×10~4m~3, and the water cut is 52.12%.There is the following problems now. Due to the large thickness of the reservoir, part of lithologic section division needs some further implementation. The development of vertical sandwich made reservoir heterogeneity serious. Beacause of heavy oil section in the bottom of reservoir, it is needed to figure out the distributional characteristics of heavy oil section and impact of heavy oil section for reservoir development. The contradiction between layers becomes more prominent when the water cut rises rapidly in the later development of reservoir and so on. To solve these problems, we must clearly understand reservoir characteristics of the region to establish the geological model which can accurately reflect the characteristics of reservoir geology. It is very significant for the adjustment for the later development programs.
In this paper, on the bases of the actual situation of the Donghe 1 carboniferous oil reservoir, combing with the drilling, coring, core laboratory analysis, and dynamic performance data, it is researched on the reservoir fine contrast, reservoir characteristics, heavy oil distribution and its influence on the development. Based on previous research, it is established three-dimensional reservoir stochastic model, calculated the geology reserves and reserves of heavy oil section. In the paper, there are the following obtained results and understandings:
(1)Donghe Sandstone section is divided into the upper and lower parasequence set, of which the lower part of parasequence sets belong to the fall deposition of sea level and the upper parasequence set belong to the deposition of the sea-level rising or sea into the land back to the plot. On the basis of divisons on parasequence set , Donghe Sandstone is furtherly divided into 5 parasequences and subdivided into 10 strata groups (lithologic).
(2) Sandstone reservoir section is divided into five categories: ClassⅠis porosity>18%, permeability>100×10~(-3) m~2; ClassⅡis porosity of 17%~18%, permeability of 50×10~(-3) m~2~100×10~(-3) m~2; ClassⅢis porosity of 14%~17%, permeability of 10×10~(-3) m~2~50×10~(-3) m~2; ClassⅣporosity of 10%~14%, permeability of 3×10~(-3) m~2~10×10~(-3) m~2; ClassⅤof non-reservoir is porosity <10%, permeability <3×10~(-3) m~2. The lithologic Section 1 is low porosity and low permeability, and mainly belongs to class reservoir IV. The lithologic Section 2, 3,4 and 5 is medium porosity and medium permeability, and mainly belongs to class reservoir III which is the main producing layers. The lithologic Section 6, 7,8 and 9 are medium porosity and low permeability and the main section is the water layer.
(3) The Sandwich of sandstone section is divided into three categories: muddy sandstone Sandwich, gray sandstone sandwich and muddy gray sandstone sandwich. The main classes are muddy sandstone Sandwich and muddy gray sandstone sandwich which are more developed in the entire Donghe sandstone, but the gray sandstone sandwich is the least developed and its distribution is random and thinner.
(4) Heavy oil segment of Donghe Sandstone is characterized by logging response: The amplitude difference is large among Resistivity of flushed zone RXO, the lateral resistivity RM and deep lateral resistivity RD, resistivity of heavy oil is between the oil layer and water layer. The thickness of heavy section is of 10m~15m and the average thickness is about 11.54m. It is indicated that heavy oil segment in the bottom of Donghe sandstone plays a significant inhibition for the forward edge and bottom water of the reservoir by analysis of reservoir pressure and water injection wells profile.
Finally, formation model of the Donghe sandstone in Donghe 1 Oilfield is established by the above results. According to the results of this model, geological oil reserves is 25.566 million tons and the reserves of heavy oil section is 2.559 million tons.
引文
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