多层住宅冷弯薄壁型钢—混凝土组合结构框架体系研究
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摘要
通过对国内外住宅体系的分析比较，提出本文了多层住宅冷弯薄壁型钢-混凝土组合结构框架体系。该体系是以冷弯薄壁方钢管混凝土为柱、冷弯薄壁C型钢背靠背高频焊接组成工字型梁、压型钢板上现浇筑混凝土组成组合楼板并与梁一起构成组合梁作为承重构件，以轻质节能保温型墙体作为围护结构组成。冷弯薄壁型钢截面开展，成型方式灵活，是一种高效经济型材，但当承受压力过大时容易发生屈曲，适合用作受拉构件；混凝土价格便宜，受压性能好。将二者结合起来组成组合结构能够充分发挥两种材料各自的优越性，同时，由于钢管对核心混凝土的约束作用，将使钢管混凝土柱的承载能力提高，用于住宅建筑，能够节约材料和增加房间使用面积。
本文根据冷弯薄壁方钢管混凝土柱的特点，探讨了方钢管各板件全截面有效的条件，同时对研究钢管混凝土较为详尽的美国LRFD规范、欧洲EC4规范和我国GJB规程做了对比分析；为指导工程实践，文章对不同壁厚的钢管和不同强度的混凝土进行了搭配，进行了性价比的比较；结合多层住宅这样一个研究对象，为获得大空间，本文探讨了扁梁这种特殊的组合梁形式。节点是连接梁柱的关键部位，根据本文的结构体系，提出加强环承重销节点，并利用大型有限元程序ANSYS作了有限元分析，弄清了加强环承重销节点的受力特点和应力状态。在进行完主体构件分析后，接着对钢结构的防火进行了分析，尤其探讨了钢管混凝土柱因为核心混凝土的存在而导致耐火时间的增加；另外，对钢结构防腐也进行了详细的论述。为响应国家节能政策，本文对墙体材料和节能窗户的选用作了分析说明。最后，根据上述理论，结合典型工程，进行了算例分析，证实了本文住宅体系的可行性，并与同样条件下的现浇钢筋混凝土框架体系和H型钢框架体系作了对比分析。
By the comparison and analysis of house system in China and other countries, the author bring forward the cold-formed steel concrete frame system applied in multistory house. The system is composed with concrete filled cold-formed square steel tube column, the beam with two cold formed C type steel welded together back to back, the slab with profiled-steel and concrete, the beam and the slab joined into composite steel-concrete beam. They all together make up of the bearing members. And the house also includes the light economical-energy sources heatproof walls. Since the plate is wider and molding manner is agility, the cold-formed steel is a kind of high effect and economical material. But it is easily inflection when the pressure is bigger and it is adapted to being used tension members. The concrete is lower in price and has the good compression performance. So, the combination of steel and concrete can exert the two material's preponderance respective, at the same time, because the steel pipe stipulation core concrete function, that will make the steel pipe concrete load carrying capacity increase, used for the residence building, and can economize the material with increase the room usage area.
According to the characteristics of concrete filled cold-formed square steel tube, the paper discusses the condition that all pieces of the square steel pipe have effect. At the same time, A comparison with United States LRFD Code, European EC4 Code and China GJB Rules has progressed. For guiding engineering practice, the paper arranges different thick steel pipe and different strength concrete and draws a conclusion of the best combination. For the subject of house, the paper studies the form of this kind of special combination beam named flat beam for big space. The joint is the key point linking the beam and column and according to the paper's structure system, the author bring forward the reinforce ring-bearing melt joist and has a finite element analysis making use of the finite element program ANSYS. After the analysis about main body members, the paper analyzes the steel's fireproof, especially discusses the increasing of fire resistance time because of the existence of core concrete. Further more, the paper particular argues the erode-proof on steel architecture. In answer to the policy about economical-energy sources, the text illuminates the use of wall materials and the windows saving energy. At the last, according the theory mentioned in the paper above, the author carry through a calculation example, and compares it with the reinforced
concrete frame system and the H shape steel frame system in the same condition.
本文根据冷弯薄壁方钢管混凝土柱的特点，探讨了方钢管各板件全截面有效的条件，同时对研究钢管混凝土较为详尽的美国LRFD规范、欧洲EC4规范和我国GJB规程做了对比分析；为指导工程实践，文章对不同壁厚的钢管和不同强度的混凝土进行了搭配，进行了性价比的比较；结合多层住宅这样一个研究对象，为获得大空间，本文探讨了扁梁这种特殊的组合梁形式。节点是连接梁柱的关键部位，根据本文的结构体系，提出加强环承重销节点，并利用大型有限元程序ANSYS作了有限元分析，弄清了加强环承重销节点的受力特点和应力状态。在进行完主体构件分析后，接着对钢结构的防火进行了分析，尤其探讨了钢管混凝土柱因为核心混凝土的存在而导致耐火时间的增加；另外，对钢结构防腐也进行了详细的论述。为响应国家节能政策，本文对墙体材料和节能窗户的选用作了分析说明。最后，根据上述理论，结合典型工程，进行了算例分析，证实了本文住宅体系的可行性，并与同样条件下的现浇钢筋混凝土框架体系和H型钢框架体系作了对比分析。
By the comparison and analysis of house system in China and other countries, the author bring forward the cold-formed steel concrete frame system applied in multistory house. The system is composed with concrete filled cold-formed square steel tube column, the beam with two cold formed C type steel welded together back to back, the slab with profiled-steel and concrete, the beam and the slab joined into composite steel-concrete beam. They all together make up of the bearing members. And the house also includes the light economical-energy sources heatproof walls. Since the plate is wider and molding manner is agility, the cold-formed steel is a kind of high effect and economical material. But it is easily inflection when the pressure is bigger and it is adapted to being used tension members. The concrete is lower in price and has the good compression performance. So, the combination of steel and concrete can exert the two material's preponderance respective, at the same time, because the steel pipe stipulation core concrete function, that will make the steel pipe concrete load carrying capacity increase, used for the residence building, and can economize the material with increase the room usage area.
According to the characteristics of concrete filled cold-formed square steel tube, the paper discusses the condition that all pieces of the square steel pipe have effect. At the same time, A comparison with United States LRFD Code, European EC4 Code and China GJB Rules has progressed. For guiding engineering practice, the paper arranges different thick steel pipe and different strength concrete and draws a conclusion of the best combination. For the subject of house, the paper studies the form of this kind of special combination beam named flat beam for big space. The joint is the key point linking the beam and column and according to the paper's structure system, the author bring forward the reinforce ring-bearing melt joist and has a finite element analysis making use of the finite element program ANSYS. After the analysis about main body members, the paper analyzes the steel's fireproof, especially discusses the increasing of fire resistance time because of the existence of core concrete. Further more, the paper particular argues the erode-proof on steel architecture. In answer to the policy about economical-energy sources, the text illuminates the use of wall materials and the windows saving energy. At the last, according the theory mentioned in the paper above, the author carry through a calculation example, and compares it with the reinforced
concrete frame system and the H shape steel frame system in the same condition.
引文
[1] 徐伟良，王永跃．钢结构住宅的开发与应用．建筑技术开发．2002．29(5)
[2] 胡维英．新世纪住宅展望．工业建筑．2002．32(3)
[3] http://www.cin.gov.cn／中华人民共和国建设部网站
[4] 郑凌，庄惟敏．中国钢结构住宅发展前景小议．住区．2001，1
[5] http://www.okok.org／中华人民共和国建筑钢结构论坛
[6] 李世俊，徐寅．我国钢铁产品的发展对建筑钢结构的促进．建筑钢结构进展．2002．4(1)
[7] 建设部、国家冶金工业局建筑用钢技术协调组、钢结构专家小组．建筑钢结构产业“十五”计划和2010年发展规划纲要．新型建筑材料．2001
[8] 李忠富，关柯．中国住宅产业化发展的步骤、途径与策略．哈尔滨建筑大学学报．2000．33(1)
[9] 赖明．中国住宅产业化发展．重庆住宅产业化国际研讨会论文集．2001，3
[10] 胡治明．轻钢结构体系住宅的技术分析．住区．2001．1
[11] 张跃峰．低层居住建筑中的轻钢龙骨体系．钢结构，2001，16(52)
[12] 许懋彦，(日)王新．日本工业化独立式住宅一瞥—以“大和钢结构住宅体系”为例．住区．2001．1
[13] 蔡益燕．中国钢结构住宅试验性工程报道．住区．2001．1
[14] 中华人民共和国国家标准．冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范GBJ18-87
[15] 韩林海．钢管混凝土结构．北京：科学出版社．2000
[16] 陈章洪主编．建筑结构选型手册．北京：中国建筑工业出版社．2000
[17] 胡世德．论住宅体系的现状与发展．建筑技术开发．1998．25(2)
[18] 周绪红等．轻钢交错桁架结构体系与钢框架的对比分析．钢结构．2001．16(52)
[19] American Institute of Steel Construction.Inc. Load and Resistance Factor Design Specification For Structural Steel Buildings. 1999.12
[20] Europe Code 4 (Common Unified Rules For Steel Structure). 1996
[21] 国家军用标准．战时军港抢修早强型钢—混凝土组合结构设计规程GJB—1999
[22] ASCCS Seminar Report. Concrete Filled Tubes—A comparison of International Codes and Practices [R].Innsbruck.Sep 1997
[23] Schneider S P. Axially Loaded Concrete—Filled Steel Tubes [J].Journal of Structural Engineering.ASCE.1998.124 (1)
[24] 张素梅，周明．方钢管约束下混凝土抗压强度．哈尔滨建筑大学学报．1999．3
[25] 张正国．方钢管混凝土中长轴压柱稳定分析及实用设计方法．建筑结构学报．1993．8
[26] 李四平，霍达，王菁．偏心受力方钢管混凝土柱极限承载力计算．建筑结构学报．1998．2
[27] Tomii M .Experimental Studies on The Ultimate Moment of Concrete filled Square Steel Tubular Beam—Columns.Transactions of A.I.J.. 1979.No 275
[28] Lu Y Q .The Flexural Behaviour of Concrete—Filled Hollow Structural sections [J] Civ.Engeg. 1994.21(1)
[29] Yu.ww.Cold—Formed Steel Design.John.wiley&sons.Inc. 1985
[30] 何宝康，周天华．矩形钢管截面b／t、h／t的限值确定．钢结构．2001．16(52)
[31] 国家经济贸易委员会编．钢—混凝土组合结构设计规程DL／T5085—1999
[32] 赵鸿铁．钢与混凝土组合结构．北京：科学出版社．2001
[33] 陈全，石永久等．带组合扁梁多层轻型钢框架结构体系分析．建筑结构．2002．32(2)
[34] Mullett DL.Slim Floor Design and Construction.The Steel Construction Institute. 1995
[35] 冶金工业部．钢骨混凝土结构设计规程YB9082—97
[36] 钟善桐．钢管混凝土结构(修订版)．黑龙江：黑龙江科学技术出版社．1994．12
[37] 蔡健，黄泰斌．钢管混凝土柱节点的应用现状和存在问题．建筑结构．2001．31(7)
[38] 程志辉，司徒锡乐．新达城广场广场钢管混凝土柱节点设计．建筑结构．2001．31(7)
[39] 李国强，蒋首超、林桂祥．钢结构抗火计算与设计．北京：中国建筑工业出版社．1999
[40] International Standard ISO834, Five—Resistance Tests—Elements of Building Construction Amendment 2.1980
[41] NPFA51.Standard Methods of Fire Test of Building Construction and Materials. 1985
[42] 李荣俊，阎冰、林丛峰．钢结构工程防腐涂装浅谈．涂料工业．2000
[43] 涂料工艺编委会．涂料工艺．北京：化学工业出版社．1997
[44] 谢浩，张伦琳．试论建筑节能设计问题．能源技术．2003，2
[45] 陈国义．中国建筑节能门窗现状与发展．建设科技．2002，2
[2] 胡维英．新世纪住宅展望．工业建筑．2002．32(3)
[3] http://www.cin.gov.cn／中华人民共和国建设部网站
[4] 郑凌，庄惟敏．中国钢结构住宅发展前景小议．住区．2001，1
[5] http://www.okok.org／中华人民共和国建筑钢结构论坛
[6] 李世俊，徐寅．我国钢铁产品的发展对建筑钢结构的促进．建筑钢结构进展．2002．4(1)
[7] 建设部、国家冶金工业局建筑用钢技术协调组、钢结构专家小组．建筑钢结构产业“十五”计划和2010年发展规划纲要．新型建筑材料．2001
[8] 李忠富，关柯．中国住宅产业化发展的步骤、途径与策略．哈尔滨建筑大学学报．2000．33(1)
[9] 赖明．中国住宅产业化发展．重庆住宅产业化国际研讨会论文集．2001，3
[10] 胡治明．轻钢结构体系住宅的技术分析．住区．2001．1
[11] 张跃峰．低层居住建筑中的轻钢龙骨体系．钢结构，2001，16(52)
[12] 许懋彦，(日)王新．日本工业化独立式住宅一瞥—以“大和钢结构住宅体系”为例．住区．2001．1
[13] 蔡益燕．中国钢结构住宅试验性工程报道．住区．2001．1
[14] 中华人民共和国国家标准．冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范GBJ18-87
[15] 韩林海．钢管混凝土结构．北京：科学出版社．2000
[16] 陈章洪主编．建筑结构选型手册．北京：中国建筑工业出版社．2000
[17] 胡世德．论住宅体系的现状与发展．建筑技术开发．1998．25(2)
[18] 周绪红等．轻钢交错桁架结构体系与钢框架的对比分析．钢结构．2001．16(52)
[19] American Institute of Steel Construction.Inc. Load and Resistance Factor Design Specification For Structural Steel Buildings. 1999.12
[20] Europe Code 4 (Common Unified Rules For Steel Structure). 1996
[21] 国家军用标准．战时军港抢修早强型钢—混凝土组合结构设计规程GJB—1999
[22] ASCCS Seminar Report. Concrete Filled Tubes—A comparison of International Codes and Practices [R].Innsbruck.Sep 1997
[23] Schneider S P. Axially Loaded Concrete—Filled Steel Tubes [J].Journal of Structural Engineering.ASCE.1998.124 (1)
[24] 张素梅，周明．方钢管约束下混凝土抗压强度．哈尔滨建筑大学学报．1999．3
[25] 张正国．方钢管混凝土中长轴压柱稳定分析及实用设计方法．建筑结构学报．1993．8
[26] 李四平，霍达，王菁．偏心受力方钢管混凝土柱极限承载力计算．建筑结构学报．1998．2
[27] Tomii M .Experimental Studies on The Ultimate Moment of Concrete filled Square Steel Tubular Beam—Columns.Transactions of A.I.J.. 1979.No 275
[28] Lu Y Q .The Flexural Behaviour of Concrete—Filled Hollow Structural sections [J] Civ.Engeg. 1994.21(1)
[29] Yu.ww.Cold—Formed Steel Design.John.wiley&sons.Inc. 1985
[30] 何宝康，周天华．矩形钢管截面b／t、h／t的限值确定．钢结构．2001．16(52)
[31] 国家经济贸易委员会编．钢—混凝土组合结构设计规程DL／T5085—1999
[32] 赵鸿铁．钢与混凝土组合结构．北京：科学出版社．2001
[33] 陈全，石永久等．带组合扁梁多层轻型钢框架结构体系分析．建筑结构．2002．32(2)
[34] Mullett DL.Slim Floor Design and Construction.The Steel Construction Institute. 1995
[35] 冶金工业部．钢骨混凝土结构设计规程YB9082—97
[36] 钟善桐．钢管混凝土结构(修订版)．黑龙江：黑龙江科学技术出版社．1994．12
[37] 蔡健，黄泰斌．钢管混凝土柱节点的应用现状和存在问题．建筑结构．2001．31(7)
[38] 程志辉，司徒锡乐．新达城广场广场钢管混凝土柱节点设计．建筑结构．2001．31(7)
[39] 李国强，蒋首超、林桂祥．钢结构抗火计算与设计．北京：中国建筑工业出版社．1999
[40] International Standard ISO834, Five—Resistance Tests—Elements of Building Construction Amendment 2.1980
[41] NPFA51.Standard Methods of Fire Test of Building Construction and Materials. 1985
[42] 李荣俊，阎冰、林丛峰．钢结构工程防腐涂装浅谈．涂料工业．2000
[43] 涂料工艺编委会．涂料工艺．北京：化学工业出版社．1997
[44] 谢浩，张伦琳．试论建筑节能设计问题．能源技术．2003，2
[45] 陈国义．中国建筑节能门窗现状与发展．建设科技．2002，2