食管癌表达降调基因的研究
摘要
食管癌研究的主要方向之一是找到较特异、而且变化频率较高的分子标志或影响肿瘤发生发展的关键基因。国内外在食管癌相关基因研究方面已做了大量工作，如在食管癌发现了p53、p16和MGMT的突变、c-myc和cyclin D扩增、Rb的杂合性缺失及其相应蛋白的表达异常。然而迄今为止，食管癌变的分子机制尚不清楚。因此，继续寻找食管癌发生发展的相关基因仍是食管癌研究的一个重要课题。
本研究采用mRNA差异显示技术比较了三例配对的食管癌／癌旁组织的基因表达情况，发现10个在食管癌中表达下调的基因，采用Northern blot、Dot blot、RT-PCR等技术确定了它们在食管癌中的异常表达频率。在这些获得的食管癌表达下调基因中，SPRR3、SPRR1、S100钙结合蛋白等是上皮细胞分化复合物的组成成分。我们同时发现催化这些蛋白形成分化复合物的酶TGM3在食管癌中也显著下调，提示上皮细胞分化复合物的形成障碍可能是食管癌变的一个重要事件。
本研究采用RH方法将在食管癌中表达下调的新基因C15orf6定位于15号染色体2区6带(15q26)。采用体外翻译系统获得了C15orf6的真核表达蛋白。制备了SPRR3以及C15orf6的多克隆抗体，从蛋白水平对SPRR3和C15orf6的表达进行了检测。结合免疫组化和GFP分析，发现C15orf6
Esophageal cancer is one of the most common malignancies of the digestive system in the world. The genetic changes in esophageal cancer have been reported as point mutations of p53 and p16, amplification of int-2, hst-1, cyclin D and EGFR, as well as loss of heterozygosity of Rb. But to date, the molecular basis underlying the transformation of normal esophageal epithelia to squamous carcinoma of the esophagus is not well understood. Identifying esophageal cancer related-genes is still an important project in exploring the mechanism of esophageal cancer.
In the present study, we have isolated and characterized 10 cDNA fragments down-regulated in esophageal cancer compared to matched adjacent normal mucosa using the mRNA differential display techniques. Of the cDNAs, such as SPRR3, SPRR1, S100 calcium-binding proteins are the compositions of the comified envelope (CE), an important barrier for the epithelial cells. We have found these genes were dramatically down-regulated in esophageal cancer. Interestingly, the enzyme TGM3 catalyzing the substrates to form the comified envelope was also found down-regulated in esophageal cancer. All the results suggested that the impediment of comified envelope forming was probably associated with the carcinogenesis of esophageal epithelia. To investigate the precise function of novel gene C15orf6 down-regulated in esophageal cancer, we defined the chromosome locus of C15orf6 by using
本研究采用mRNA差异显示技术比较了三例配对的食管癌／癌旁组织的基因表达情况，发现10个在食管癌中表达下调的基因，采用Northern blot、Dot blot、RT-PCR等技术确定了它们在食管癌中的异常表达频率。在这些获得的食管癌表达下调基因中，SPRR3、SPRR1、S100钙结合蛋白等是上皮细胞分化复合物的组成成分。我们同时发现催化这些蛋白形成分化复合物的酶TGM3在食管癌中也显著下调，提示上皮细胞分化复合物的形成障碍可能是食管癌变的一个重要事件。
本研究采用RH方法将在食管癌中表达下调的新基因C15orf6定位于15号染色体2区6带(15q26)。采用体外翻译系统获得了C15orf6的真核表达蛋白。制备了SPRR3以及C15orf6的多克隆抗体，从蛋白水平对SPRR3和C15orf6的表达进行了检测。结合免疫组化和GFP分析，发现C15orf6
Esophageal cancer is one of the most common malignancies of the digestive system in the world. The genetic changes in esophageal cancer have been reported as point mutations of p53 and p16, amplification of int-2, hst-1, cyclin D and EGFR, as well as loss of heterozygosity of Rb. But to date, the molecular basis underlying the transformation of normal esophageal epithelia to squamous carcinoma of the esophagus is not well understood. Identifying esophageal cancer related-genes is still an important project in exploring the mechanism of esophageal cancer.
In the present study, we have isolated and characterized 10 cDNA fragments down-regulated in esophageal cancer compared to matched adjacent normal mucosa using the mRNA differential display techniques. Of the cDNAs, such as SPRR3, SPRR1, S100 calcium-binding proteins are the compositions of the comified envelope (CE), an important barrier for the epithelial cells. We have found these genes were dramatically down-regulated in esophageal cancer. Interestingly, the enzyme TGM3 catalyzing the substrates to form the comified envelope was also found down-regulated in esophageal cancer. All the results suggested that the impediment of comified envelope forming was probably associated with the carcinogenesis of esophageal epithelia. To investigate the precise function of novel gene C15orf6 down-regulated in esophageal cancer, we defined the chromosome locus of C15orf6 by using
引文
Abraham JM, Wang S, Suzuki H, et al. Esophagin cDNA cloning and characterization: a tissue-specific member of the small proline-rich protein family that is not expressed in esophageal tumors. Cell Growth Differ. 1996, 7: 855-860
Adams MD, Dubnick M, Kerlavage AR, et al. Sequence identification of 2,375 human brain genes. Nature. 1992, 355: 632-634
Adams MD, Kerlavage AR, Fields C, et al. 3,4000 new expressed sequence tags identify diversity of transcripts in human brain. Nat Genet. 1993, 4: 256-267
Adriana C, Patrick V, Anne-marie CJ, et al. Structural organization and regulation of the small proline-rich family of cornified envelope precursors suggest a role in adaptive barrier function. J Biol Chem. 2001, 26(22): 19231-19237
Agre P and Cartron JP. Molecular biology of Rh antigens. Blood. 1991, 78: 551-563
Alizadeh AA, Eisen MB, Davis RE, et al. Distinct types of diffuse large b-cell lymphoma identified by gene expression profiling. Nature. 2000, 403: 503-511
Altschul SF, Gish W, Miller W, et al. Basic local alignment search tool. J Mol Biol. 1990,215:403-410
Altschul SF, Madden TL, Schaffer AA, et al. Gapped blast and psi-blast: a new generation of protein database search programs. Nucleic Acids Res. 1997, 25: 3389-3402
Anstee DJ and Tanner MJA. Biochemical aspects of the blood group Rh (rhesus) antigens. Bailliere's Clin Hematol. 1993, 6: 401-422
Arber N, Doki Y, Han EKH, et al. Antisense to cyclin D1 inhibits the growth and tumorigenicity of human colon cancer cells. Cancer Res. 1997, 57: 1569-1574
Avent ND, Butcher SK, Liu W, et al. Localization of the C termini of the Rh (rhesus) polypeptides to the cytoplasmic face of the human erythrocyte membrane. J Biol Chem. 1992,267: 15134-15139
Barbarescho M, Caffo O, Doglioni C, et al. p21wafl immunohistochemical expression in breast carcinoma. Br J Cancer. 1996, 74(2): 208-215
Bloy C, Hermand P, Blanchard D, et al. Surface orientation and antigen properties of Rh and LW polypeptides of the human erythrocyte membrane. J Biol Chem. 1990, 265(35): 21482-21487
Boguski MS and Schuler GD. Establishing a human transcript map (news). Nat Genet. 1995, 10: 369-371
Bonaldo MF, Lenon F, and Soares MB. Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery. Genome Res. 1996, 6791-6806
Brinkman U, Basmatis G, Lee BK, et al. Page-1, an x chromosome -linked gage-like gene that is expressed in normal and neoplastic prostate, testis, and uterus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1998, 95: 10757-10762
Brinkman U, Basmatzis G, Lee B, et al. Novel genes in the page and gage family of tumor antigens found by homology walking in the dbEST database. Cancer Research. 1999, 59: 1445-1448
Brown MR, Kohn EC, and Hutter RV. The new millennium: applying novel technology to the study of the cancer cell in situ. Eur J Nucl Med. 2000, 27(1 supp.): s27-s30
Buetow KH, Edmonson M, Nacdonald R, et al. High-throughput development
and characterization of a genome wide collection of gene-based single nucleotide polymorphism markers by chip-based matris-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometryl. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2001,98:581-584
Cabral A, Voskamp P, Cleton-Jansen AM, et al. Structural organization and regulation of the small proline-rich family of comified envelope precursors suggest a role in adaptive barrier function. J Biol Chem. 2001, 26(22): 19231-19237
Candi E, Melino G, Sette M, et al. Acquisition of ordered conformation by the N-terminal domain of the human small proline rich 2 protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999, 262: 395-400
Cartron JP. Defining the Rh blood group antigens: Biochemistry and molecular genetics. Blood Rev. 1994, 8: 199-212
Cavenee WK. The genetic basis of cancer. Sci Am. 1995, 264:72-79
Chen BS, Wang MR, Cai Y, et al. Decreased expression of SPRR3 in Chinese human oesophageal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2000, 21: 2147-2150
Chen BS, Wang MR, Xu X, et al. Transglutaminase-3, an esophageal cancer-related gene. Int J Cancer. 2000, 88: 862-865
Cheng KK, Duffy SW, Day NE, et al. Esophageal cancer in never-smokers and never-drinkers. Int J Cancer. 1995, 60: 820-822
Cherif-Zahar B, Matassi G, Raynal V, et al. Rh-deficiency of the regulator type caused by splicing mutations in the human RH50 gene. Blood. 1998a, 92: 2535-2540.
Cherif-Zahar B, Raynal V, Gane P, et al. Candidate gene acting as a suppressor of the RH locus in most cases of Rh-deficiency. Nat Genet. 1996, 12: 168-173
Ciaparrone M, Yamamoto H, Yao Y, et al. Localization and expression of p27kipl in multistage colorectal carcinogenesis. Cancer Res. 1998, 58(1): 114-122
Clifford R, Edmonson M, Hu Y, et al. Expression -based genetic/physical maps of single-nucleotide polymorphisms identified by the cancer genome anatomy project. Genome Res. 2000, 10(8): 1259-1265
Coleman MP, Esteve J, Damiecki P, et al. Esophagus. In: International agency for research on cancer, trends in cancer incidence and mortality. Lyon: I.A.R.C. Scientific publications. 1993, 121: 161-192
Cubitt AB, Heim R, Adams SR, et al. Understanding, improving and using green fluorescent proteins. Trends Biochem Sci. 1995, 20: 448-555
De Muth JP, Weaver DA, Crawford EL, et al. Loss of sprl expression measurable by quantitative RT-PCR in human bronchogenic carcinoma cell lines. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 1998, 19: 25-29
Devilee P, van Vliet M, Bardoel A, et al. Frequent somatic imbalance of marker alleles for chromosome 1 in human primary breast carcinoma. Cancer Res. 1991, 51: 1020-1025
Dias NE, Garcia CR, Verjovski-Almeida S, et al. Shotgun sequencing of the human transcriptome with ORF expressed sequence tags. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2000, 97: 3491-3496
Dubbink HJ, Verkaik NS, Faber PW, et al. Tissue-specific and androgenregulated expression of human prostate-specific transglutaminases. Biochem J. 1996, 315: 901-908
E Marincola FM. A natural history of melanoma: serial gene expression analysis.Immunol Today. 2000, 21(12): 619-623
Eckert RL, Yaffe MB, Crish JF, et al. Involucrin-structure and role in envelope assembly. J Invest Dermatol. 1993,100(5): 613-617
Eckert RL; Green H. Structure and evolution of the human involucrin gene. Cell. 1986, Aug 15, 46(4): 583-589
Elek J, Pinzon W, and Park KH et al. Relevant genomics of neurotensin receptor in cancer. Anticancer Res. 2000, 20(1 A): 53-58.
Emmer-Buck MR, Strausberg RL, Krizman DB, et al. Molecular profiling of clinical tissue specimens-feasibility and applications. J Mol Diag. 2000, 2: 60-66
Emmert-Buck MR, Bonner RF, Smith PD, et al. Laser capture microdissection. Science. 1996, 274: 998-1001
Florell SR, Coffin CM, Holden JA, et al. Preservation of RNA for functional genomic studies: a multidisciplinary tumor bank protocol. Mod Pathol. 2001, 14(2): 116-128
Garidou A, Tzonou A, Lipworth L, et al. Life-style factors and medical conditions in relation to esophageal cancer by histologic type in a low-risk population. Int J Cancer. 1996, 68: 295-299
Gentile V, Saydak M, Chiocca EA, et al. Isolation and characterization of cDNA clones to mouse macrophage and human endothelial cell tissue transglutaminases. J Biol Chem. 1991, 266: 478-483
Gerdes J, Schwab U, Lemke H, et al. Producton of a monoclonal antibody reactive with a human nuclear antigen associated with cell proliferation. Int J cancer. 1983,31: 13-20
Gibbs S, Fijneman R, Wiegant J, et al. Molecular characterization and evolution of the SPRR family of keratinocyte differentiation markers encoding small proline-rich proteins. Genomics. 1993, 16: 630-637
Gibbs S, Fijneman R, Wiegant J, et al. Molecular characterization and evolution of the SPRR family of keratinocyte differentiation markers encoding small proline-rich proteins. Genomics. 1993, 16: 630-637
Guo SS, Wu X, and Shimoide AT, et al. Anomalous overexpression of p27kipl in sporadic pancreatic endocrine tumors. J Surg Res. 2001, 96(2): 284-288
Hartwell EH, hopfield JJ, Leibler S, et al. From molecular to modular cell biology. Nature. 1999, 402(6271 Suppl): 47-52
Hessian PA, Edgeworth J, and Hogg N. MRP-8 and MRP-14, two abundant Ca (2+)-binding proteins of neutrophils and monocytes. J Leukoc Biol. 1993, 53: 197-204
Hillier LD, Lennon G, Becker M, et al. Generation and analysis of 280,000 human expressed sequence tags. Genome Res. 1996, 6: 807-828
Hohl D, Viragh PA, Amiguet-Barras F, et al. The small proline-rich proteins constitute a multigene family of differentially regulated cornified cell envelope precursor protein. J Invest Dermatol. 1995,104(6): 902-909
Hohl DE, De Viragh PA, Amiguet-Barras F, et al. The small proline-rich proteins constitute a multigene family of differentially regulated cornified cell envelope precursor proteins. J Invest Dermatol. 1995,104: 902-909
Hough CD, Sherman-Baust CA, Pizer ES, et al. Large-scale serial analysis of gene expression reveals genes differentially expressed in ovarian cancer. Cancer Research. 2000, 60: 6281-6287
Huang CH, Chen Y, Reid ME, et al. Rh_(null) disease: the amorph type results from a novel double mutation in RhCE gene on D-negative background. Blood. 1998b, 92: 664-671
Huang CH, Cheng GJ, Reid ME, et al. Rhmod syndrome: a family study of the translation-initiator mutation in the Rh50 glycoprotein gene. Am J Hum Genet. 1999,64: 108-117
Huang CH, Liu Z, Cheng GJ, et al. Rh50 glycoprotein gene and Rh_(null) disease: a silent splice donor is trans to a Gly279→Glu missense mutation in the conserved transmembrane segment. Blood. 1998c, 92: 1776-1784
Huang CH. The human Rh50 glycoprotein gene: structural organization and associated splicing defect resulting in Rh_(null) disease. J Biol Chem. 1998a, 273: 2207-2213
Huminiecki L and Bicknell R. In silico cloning of novel endothelial specific genes. Genome Research. 2000, 10: 1796-1806
Hyland CA, Cherif-Zahar B, Cowley N, et al. A novel single missense mutation identified along the Rh50 gene in a composite heterozygous Rh_(null) blood donor of the regulator type. Blood. 1998, 91(4): 1458-1463
Ichinose A, Bottenus RE, and Davie EW. Sructure of transglutaminases. J Biol Chem. 1990,265: 13411-13414
Ishida Yamamoto A and Iizuka H. Structural organization of comified cell envelopes and alterations in skin disorders. Exp Dermatol. 1998, 7(1): 1-10
Ishida Yamamoto A, Kartasova T, Matsuo S, et al. Involucrin and SPRR are synthesized sequentially in differentiating cultured epidermal cells. J Invest Dermatol. 1997, 108(1): 12-16
Ishida Yamamoto A, McGrath JA, Lam H, et al. The molecular pathology of progressive symmetric erythrokeratoderma: a frameshift mutation in the loricrin gene and perturbations in the cornified cell envelope. Am J Hum Genet. 1997, 61(3): 581-589
Johnson DG. The paradox of E2F1: oncogene and tumor suppressor gene. Mol carcinog. 2000, 27(3): 151-157
Jones GJ, Heiss NS, Veale RB, et al. Amplification and expression of the TGF- α , EGF receptor and c-myc genes in four human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma lines. Biosci Rep. 1993,1: 303-312
Jonveaux P and Berger R. Chromosomal deletions in non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphomas. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 1990, 49: 265-269
Kadowaki T, Shiozaki H, Inoue M, et al. E-cadherin and α catenin expression in human esophageal cancer. Cancer Res. 1994, 54: 291-296
Kartasova T, Darwiche N, Kohno Y, et al. Sequence and expression patterns of mouse SPR1: Correlation of expression with epithelial function. J Invest Dermatol. 1996, 106(2): 294-304
Kartasova T, van Muijen GN, van Pelt Heerschap H, et al. Novel protein in human epidermal keratinocytes: regulation of expression during differentiation. Mol Cell Biol. 1988, 8(5): 2204-2210
Kim HC, Lewis MS, Gorman JJ, et al. Protransglutaminase E from guinea pig skin: isolation and partial characterzation. J Biol Chem. 1990, 265: 21971-21978
Kim IG, Gorman JJ, Park SC, et al. The deduced sequence of the novel protransglutaminase E (TGase 3) of human and mouse. J Biol Chem. 1993, 268: 12682-12690
Kimura K, Endo Y, Yonemura Y, et al. Clinical significance of S100A4 and E-cadherin-related adhesion molecules in non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Oncol. 2000,16: 1125-1131
Kitano T, Sumiyama, Shiroishi T, et al. Conserved evolution of the Rh50 gene compared to its homologous Rh blood group gene. Biochem Biophy Res Commun. 1998, 249: 78-85
Kligman D and Hilt DC. The S100 protein family. Trends Biochem Sci. 1988, 13: 437-443
Kligman D and Hilt DC. The S100 protein family. Trends Biochem Sci. 1988, 13: 437-443
Komatsu K, Andoh A, Ishiguro S, et al. Increased expression of S100A6 (Calcyclin), a calcium-binding protein of the S100 family, in human colorectal adenocarcinomas. Clin Cancer Res. 2000, 6: 172-177
Korge BP, Ishida Yamamoto A, Punter C, et al. Loricrin mutation in Vohwinkel's keratoderma is unique to the variant with ichthyosis. J Invest Dermatol. 1997, 109(4): 604-610
Korsgren C, Lawler J, Lambert S, et al. Complete amino acid sequence and homologies of human erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.2. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1990, 87: 613-617
Krizman DB, Wagner L, Lash A, et al. The cancer genome anatomy project: EST sequencing and the genetics of cancer progression. Nesoplasia. 1999, 1: 101-106
Kuska B. Cancer genome anatomy project set for take-off. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1996, 88(24): 1801-1803
Kuwano H, Sumiyoshi K, Nozoe T, et al. The prognostic significance of the cytophotometric DNA content and its relationship with the argrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNOR) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) in esophageal cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol. 1995, 21: 368-373
Lal A, Lash AE, Altschul SF, et al. A public database for gene expression in human cancers. Cancer Research. 1999, 59: 5403-5407
Lam KY, Tasao SW, Zhang D, et al. Prevalence and predictive value of p53 mutation in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinomas: a prospective clinicopathological study and survival analysis of 70 patients. Int J Cancer. 1997, 74:212-219
Lam KY, Tin L, and Ma L. C-erb-2 protein expression in esophageal squamous eqithelium from oesophageal squamous cell carcinomas , with special reference to histological grade of carcinoma and pre-invasive lesions. Eur J Surg Oncol. 1998, 24(5): 431-435
Larsson M, Stahl S, Uhlen M, et al. Expression profile viewer (ExProView): a software tool for transcriptome analysis. Genomics. 2000, 63(3): 341-353
Lash AE, Tolstoshev CM, Wagner L, et al. SAGEmap: a public gene expression resource. Genome Research. 2000,10: 1051-1060
Lee SW, Tomasetto C, Swisshelm K, et al. Down-regulation of a member of the S-100 gene family in mammary carcinoma cells and reexpression by azadeoxycytidine treatment. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1992, 89: 2504-2508
Lennon G, Auffray C, Polymeropoulos M, et al. The i.m.a.g.e. consortium: an integrated molecular analysis of genomes and their expression. Genomics. 1996, 33: 151-152
Letson GD and Muro-Cacho CA. Genetic and molecular abnormalities intumors of the bone and soft tissues. Cancer Control. 2001, 8(3): 239-251
Liang P and Pardee AB. Differential display of eukaryotic messenger RNA by means of the polymerase chain reaction. Science. 1992, 257: 967-971
Liotta LA and Emmert-Buck MR. The role of tissue microdissection in cancer research. Cancer J. 2001, 7(1): 32-39
Lioumi M, Olavesen MG, Nizetic D, et al. High-resolution YAC fragmentation map of Iq21. Genomics. 1998, 49(2): 200-208
Liu Z, Chen Y, Mo R, et al. Characterization of human RhCG and mouse Rhcg as novel nonerythroid Rh glycoprotein homologues predominantly expressed in kidney and testis. J Biol Chem. 2000, 275: 25641-25651
Loging WT, Lal A, Siu IM, et al. Identifying potential tumor markers and antigens by database mining and rapid expression screening. Genome Res. 2000, 10(9): 1393-1402
Lotan R. Squamous cell differentiation markers in normal, premalignant, and malignant epithelium: effects of retinoids. J Cell Biochem. 1993, Suppl. 17F: 167-174
Maelandsmo GM, Florenes VA, Mellingsaeter T, et al. Differential expression patterns of S100A2, S100A4 and S100A6 during progression of human malignant melanoma. Int J Cancer. 1997, 74: 464-469
Mani RS and Kay CM. Ca~(2+) and Zn~(2+)-binding properties of nitrated S-100b protein from bovine brain. Biochem J. 1986, 238: 715-719
Marini AM, Urrestarazu A, Beauwens R, et al. The Rh (rhesus) blood grouppolypeptides are related to NH_4~+ transporters. Trends Biochem Sci. 1997, 22:
460-461
Marra M, Hillier 1, Kucaba T, et al. An encyclopedia of mouse genes. Nat Genet. 1999,21: 191-194
Mayall FG, Goddard H, and Gibbs AR. An assessment of involucrin as a diagnostically useful immunohistochemical marker in lung tumours. Histopathology. 1992, 20(1): 53-55
Mehrel T, Hohl D, Rothnagel JA, et al. Identification of a major keratinocyte cell envelope protein, loricrin. Cell. 1990, 61(6): 1103-1112
Mischke D, Korge BP, Marenholz I, et al. Genes encoding structural proteins of epidermal cornification and S100 calcium-binding proteins form a gene complex ("epidermal differentiation complex") on human chromosome 1q21. J Invest Dermatol. 1996, 106(5): 989-992
Mischke D, Korge BP, Marenholz I, et al. Genes encoding structural proteins of epidermal cornification and S100 calcium-binding proteins form a gene complex ("epidermal differentiation complex") on human chromosome 1q21. J Invest Dermatol. 1996, 106: 989-992
Momand J, Jung D, Wilczynski S, et al. The MDM2 gene amplification database. Nucleic Acids Res. 1998, 26(15): 3453-3459
Montesano R, Hollstein M, and Hainaut P. Genetic alterations in oesophageal cancer and their relevance to etiology and pathogenesis: A Review. Int J Cancer (Pred. Oncol). 1996, 69: 225-235
Moog Lutz C, Bouillet P, Regnier CH, et al. Comparative expression of the psoriasin (S100A7) and S100C genes in breast carcinoma and co-localization to human chromosome 1q21-q22. Int J Cancer. 1995, 63: 297-303
Morisaki Y, Shima S, Yoshizumi Y, et al. PCNA immunostaining combined with AgNOR staining in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma to identify patients with a poor prognosis. Surg Today. 1995, 25: 389-395
Munoz N. Epidemiological aspects of esophageal cancer. Endoscopy. 1993, 23: 609-612
Nair SA, Nair MB, Jayaprakash PG, et al. Involucrin and tumor progression in the uterine cervix. Pathobiology. 1996, 64(6): 333-338
Nakamura TM, Norin GB, Chapman KB, et al. Telomerase catalytic subunit homologs from fission yeast and human. Science. 1997, 277: 955-959
Nakanishi Y, Ochiai A, Akimoto S, et al. Expression of E-cadherin, alpha-catenin, beta-catenin and plakoglobin in esophageal carcinomas and its prognostic significance: immunohistochemical analysis of 96 lesions. Oncology. 1997,54(2): 158-165
Nelson PS, Han D, Rochony, et al. Comprehensive analyses of prostate gene expression: convergence of expressed sequence tag database, transcript profiling and proteomic. Electrophoresis. 2000, 21: 1823-1831
Nemes Z and Steinert PM. Bricks and mortar of the epidermal barrier. Exp Mol Med. 1999, 31(1): 5-19
Nemes Z, Marekov LN, Fesus L, et al. A novel function for transglutaminase 1: attachment of long-chain omega-hydroxyceramides to involucrin by ester bond formation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1999, 96(15): 8402-8407
O'Brien C. Cancer genome anatomy project launched. Mol Med Today. 1997, 3(3): 94
Pejovic T. Genetic changes in ovarian cancer. Ann Med, 1995, 27: 73-78
Ponder BA. Cancer genetics. Nature. 2001, 411(6835): 336-341
Powell J. Enhanced concatemer cloning-a modification to the SAGE(serial analysis of gene expression) technique. Nucleic Acids Res. 1998, 26(14): 3445-3446
Reed PI and Johnston BJ. The changing incidence of esophageal cancer. Endoscopy. 1993, 25: 606-608
Rice RH, Mehrpouyan M, O'Callahan W, et al. Keratinocyte transglutaminase: Differentiation marker and member of an extended family. Epithelial Cell Biol. 1992,1:128-137
Riggins GJ and Strausberg RL. Genome and genetic resources from the cancer genome anatomy project. Human Molecular Genetics. 2001,10: 663-667
Riggins GJ. Using Serial Analysis of Gene Expression to identify tumor markers and antigens. Dis Markers. 2001, 17(2): 41-48
Roncalli M, Bosari S, Marchetti A, et al. Cell cycle-related gene abnormalities and product expression in esophageal carcinoma. Lab Invest. 1998, 78: 1049-1057
Rudland PS, Higgins AP, Renshaw C, et al. Prognostic Significance of the Metastasis-inducing Protein S100A4 (p9Ka) in Human Breast Cancer. Cancer Res. 2000, 60: 1595-1603
Ruse M, Lambert A, Robinson N, et al. S100A7, S100A10, and S100A11 are transglutaminase substrates. Biochemistry. 2001, 40(10): 3167-3173
Schaefer C, Grouse L, Buetow K, et al. A new cancer genome anatomy project web resource for the community. Cancer J. 2001, 7(1): 52-60
Schafer BW and Heizmann CW. The S100 family of EF-hand calcium binding proteins: functions and pathology. Trends Biochem Sci. 1996, 21: 134-140
Scheurle D, DE Young MP, Biinninger DM, et al. Cancer gene discovery using digital differential display. Cancer Research. 2000, 60: 4037-4043
Schmid C, Zatloukal K, Beham A, et al. Involucrin expression in breast carcinomas: an immunohistochemical study. Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histopathol. 1993,423(3): 161-167
Schmitt AO, Specht T, Beckmann G, et al. Exhaustive mining of EST libraries for genes differentially expressed in normaland tumour tissues. Nucleic Acids Res. 1999, 27(21): 4251-4260
Shiga K, Shiga C, Sasano H, et al. Expression of c-erbB-2 in human esophageal carcinoma cells: overexpression correlated with gene amplification or with GATA-3 transcription factor expression. Anticancer Res. 1993, 13: 1293-1302
Shiloh M, Manor A, Bar-am I, et al. DNA sequences amplified in cancer cells: an interface between tumor biology and human genome analysis. Mutation Res. 1992, 276: 329-337
Simon M and Green H. Enzymatic cross- linking of involucrin and other proteins by keratinocyte particulates in vitro. Cell. 1985, 40(3): 677-683
Sorg C. The calcium binding proteins MRP8 and MRP14 in acute and chronic inflammation. Behring Inst Mitt. 1992, 91: 126-137
Sreekantaiah C, Bhargava MK, and Shetty NJ. Chromosome 1 abnormalities in cervical carcinoma. Cancer. 1988, 62: 1317-1324
St Croix B, Rago C, Velculescu V, et al. Genes expressed in human tumor
endothelium. Science. 2000, 289(5482): 1197-1202
Steinert PM and Marekov LN. Direct evidence that involucrin is a major early isopeptide cross-linked component of the keratinocyte cornified cell envelope. J Biol Chem. 1997, 272(3): 2021-2030
Steinert PM and Marekov LN. Initiation of assembly of the cell envelope barrier structure of stratified squamous epithelia. Mol Biol Cell. 1999, 10(12): 4247-4261
Steinert PM and Marekov LN. The proteins elafin, filaggrin, keratin intermediate filaments, loricrin, and small proline-rich proteins 1 and 2 are isodipeptide cross-linked components of the human epidermal cornified cell envelope. J Biol Chem. 1995, 270(30): 17702-17711
Steinert PM, Candi E, Kartasova T, et al. Small proline-rich proteins are cross-bridging proteins in the cornified cell envelopes of stratified squamous epithelia. J Struct Biol. 1998, 122(1-2): 76-85
Steinert PM, Kartasova T, and Marekov LN. Biochemical evidence that small praline-rich proteins and trichohyalin function in epithelia by modulation of the biomechanical properties of their cornified cell envelopes. J Biol Chem. 1998, 273: 11758-11769
Stekel DJ, Git Y, and Falciani F. The comparison of gene expression from multiple cDNA libraries. Genome Res. 2000, 10(12): 2055-2061
Steven AC and Steinert PM. Protein composition of cornified cell envelopes of epidermal keratinocytes. J Cell Sci. 1994, 107 (Pt 2): 693-700
Steven AC and Steinert PM. Protein composition of comified cell envelops of epidermal keratinocytes. J Cell Sci. 1994, 107(2): 693-700
Strausberg RL, Buetow KH, Emmert-Buck MR, et al. The cancer genome anatomy project: building an annotated gene index. Trends Genet. 2000, 16(3): 103-106
Strausberg RL, Dahl CA, and Klausner RD. New opportunities for uncovering the molecular basis of cancer. Nat Genet. 1997, 15: 415-416
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Klausner RD, et al. The mammalian gene collection. Science. 1999, 286: 455-457
Strausberg RL, Greenhut SF, Grouse LH, et al. In silico analysis of cancer through the Cancer Genome Anatomy Project. Trends Cell Biol. 2001, 11(11): S66-71
Strausberg RL. The Cancer Genome Anatomy Project: new resources for reading the molecular signatures of cancer. J Pathol. 2001, 195(1): 31-40
Sui IM, Lal A, and Riggins GJ. A database for regional gene expression in the human brain. Expression Patterns Brain Research. 2001, 1: 33-38
Suo Z, Holm R, and Nesland JM. Squamous cell carcinomas. An immunohistochemical study of cytokeratins and involucrin in primary and metastatic tumours. Histopathology. 1993, 23(1): 45-54
Tanaka M, Nonogaki S, Alberti VN, et al. p53 in epidermoid cancer of the esophagus. Hepatogastroenterology. 1999,46: 1765-1768
Tarcsa E, Candi E, Kartasova T, et al. Structural and transglutaminase substrate properties of the small proline-rich 2 family of cornified cell envelope proteins. J Biol Chem. 1998,273(36): 23297-23303
Teh BT, Larsson C and Nordenskjold M. Tumor suppressor genes(TSG). Anticancer Res. 1999, 19: 4715-4728
Teigelkamp S, Bhardwaj RS, Roth J, et al. Calcium-dependent complex assembly of the myeloic differentiation proteins MRP-8 and MRP-14. J Biol Chem. 1991,266: 13462-13467
Todd R and Wong DT. Oncogenes. Anticancer Res. 1999, 19: 4729-4746
Velculescu VE, Zhang L, Vogelstein B, et al. Serial analysis of gene expression. Science. 1995, 270: 484-487
Volz A, Korge BP, Compton JG, et al. Physical mapping of a functional cluster of epidermal differentiation genes on chromosome 1q21. Genomics. 1993, 18(1): 92-99
Walter MA, Spillett DJ, Thomas P, et al. A method for constructing radiation hybrid maps of whole genome. Nat genet. 1994, 7: 22-28
Wang L, Zhu D, Zhang C, et al. Mutations of O~6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase gene in esophageal cancer tissues from Northern China. Int J Cancer. 1997,71:719-723
Wang M, Kim IG, Steinert PM, et al. Assignment of the human transglutaminase 2 (TGM2) and transglutaminase 3 (TGM3) genes to chromosome 20q11.2. Genomics. 1994, 23: 721-722
Wang XQ, Xiao F, Wang MR, et al. Establishment and chromosome analysis of two human esophageal cancer cell lines. Chin J Oncol. 1998, 20: 354-356
Weinsein IB. Relevance of cyclin D1 and other molecular markers to cancer chemoprevention. J Cell Biochem. 1996, 25s: 23-28
Weinstein IB, Begemann M, Zhou P, et al. Disorders in cell circuitry associated with multistage carcinogenesisrexploitable targets fair cancer prevention and therapy. Clin Cancer Res. 1997, 3(12pt2): 1696-1702
Weinstein IB. Disorders in cell circuitry during multistage carcinogenesis: the role of homeostasis. Carcinogenesis. 2000, 21(5): 857-864
Wheeler DL, Church DM, Lash AE, et al. Database resources of the National Center for Biotechnology Information. Nucleic Acids Res. 2001, 29(1): 11-16
Whelan SL, Parkin DM, Masuyer E, et al. Histograms depicting rates of cancer age-standardized to the world population by site and sex, In: International agency of research on cancer. Patterns of cancer in five continents. Lyon: I.A.R.C. Scientific Publications. 1990, 102
Wilkinson MM, Busuttil A, Hayward C, et al. Expression pattern of two related cystic fibrosis-associated calcium-binding proteins in normal and abnormal tissues. J Cell Sci. 1988, 91: 221-230
Willianson AR. The merck gene index project. Drug Discov today. 1999, 4: 115-122
Wong FH, Hu CP, Vchiu JH, et al. Expression of multiple oncogenes in human esophageal carcinomas. Cancer Invest. 1994, 12: 121-131
Wu KM, Xu ZX, Wang MR, et al. Cloning and expression analysis of down-regulated cDNA C6-2A in human esophageal cancer. Chin J Med Gene. 1999, 16:325-327
Xiao F, Wang X, Wang MR, et al. Molecular cytogenetic study on four human esophageal cancer cell lines. Chin J Med Genet. 1998,15: 75-77
Xu Z, Wang MR, Xu X, et al. Novel human esophagus-specific gene clorf10: cDNA cloning, gene structure, and frequent loss of expression in esophageal cancer. Genomics. 2000, 69: 322-330
Yaar M, Eller MS, Bhawan J, et al. In vivo and in vitro SPRR1 gene expression in normal and malignant keratinocytes. Exp Cell Res. 1995, 217(2): 217-226
Yamamoto H, Soh JW, Klein MG, et al. Paradoxical increase in retinoblastoma protein in colorectal carcinomas may protect cells from apoptosis. Clin Cancer Res. 1999, 5(7): 1805-1815
Yoshida K, Kyo E, Tsuda T, et al. EGF and TGF- α , the ligands of hyperproduced EGFR inhuman esophageal carcinoma cells, act as autocrine growth factors. Int J Cancer. 1990,45: 131-135
Yoshida Y, Okamura T, Ezaki T, et al. Predictors of post-operative distant recurrences in esophageal cancinoma. Ann thorac surg. 1994, 57: 886-889
Yu CCW and Filipe MI. Update on proliferation-associated antibodies applicable to formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue and their clinical applications. Histochem J. 1993, 25: 843-853
Zhang H, Yousem SA, Franklin WA, et al. Differentiation and programmed cell death-related intermediate biomarkers for the development of non-small cell lung cancer: a pilot study. Hum Pathol. 1998, 29(9): 965-971
Zhou P, Jiang W, Zhang YJ, et al. Antisense to cyclin D1 inhibits growth and reverses the transformed phenotype of human esophageal cancer cells. Oncogene. 1995, 82: 621-630
Zimmer DB, Cornwall EH, Landar A, et al. The S100 protein family: history, function, and expression. Brain Res Bull. 1995, 37: 417-429
陈柏华，王秀琴，林晨，等。中国人食管癌p16基因突变分析。中华医学遗传学杂志，1997，14(3)：138-141
赫杰，张汝刚，朱丹，等。食管癌c-Myc基因扩增的临床意义，中华医学杂志，1995；75：94-96
李华川，陆士新。食管癌和贲门癌组织中p53突变的研究。中华肿瘤杂志，1994；16：172-176
郑杰，候萍，周传农，等。CDKN2(p16INK4／MTSl)基因丢失和cyclinDl扩增在食管肿瘤发生中的意义。中华肿瘤杂志，1996，18(6)：498-511
Adams MD, Dubnick M, Kerlavage AR, et al. Sequence identification of 2,375 human brain genes. Nature. 1992, 355: 632-634
Adams MD, Kerlavage AR, Fields C, et al. 3,4000 new expressed sequence tags identify diversity of transcripts in human brain. Nat Genet. 1993, 4: 256-267
Adriana C, Patrick V, Anne-marie CJ, et al. Structural organization and regulation of the small proline-rich family of cornified envelope precursors suggest a role in adaptive barrier function. J Biol Chem. 2001, 26(22): 19231-19237
Agre P and Cartron JP. Molecular biology of Rh antigens. Blood. 1991, 78: 551-563
Alizadeh AA, Eisen MB, Davis RE, et al. Distinct types of diffuse large b-cell lymphoma identified by gene expression profiling. Nature. 2000, 403: 503-511
Altschul SF, Gish W, Miller W, et al. Basic local alignment search tool. J Mol Biol. 1990,215:403-410
Altschul SF, Madden TL, Schaffer AA, et al. Gapped blast and psi-blast: a new generation of protein database search programs. Nucleic Acids Res. 1997, 25: 3389-3402
Anstee DJ and Tanner MJA. Biochemical aspects of the blood group Rh (rhesus) antigens. Bailliere's Clin Hematol. 1993, 6: 401-422
Arber N, Doki Y, Han EKH, et al. Antisense to cyclin D1 inhibits the growth and tumorigenicity of human colon cancer cells. Cancer Res. 1997, 57: 1569-1574
Avent ND, Butcher SK, Liu W, et al. Localization of the C termini of the Rh (rhesus) polypeptides to the cytoplasmic face of the human erythrocyte membrane. J Biol Chem. 1992,267: 15134-15139
Barbarescho M, Caffo O, Doglioni C, et al. p21wafl immunohistochemical expression in breast carcinoma. Br J Cancer. 1996, 74(2): 208-215
Bloy C, Hermand P, Blanchard D, et al. Surface orientation and antigen properties of Rh and LW polypeptides of the human erythrocyte membrane. J Biol Chem. 1990, 265(35): 21482-21487
Boguski MS and Schuler GD. Establishing a human transcript map (news). Nat Genet. 1995, 10: 369-371
Bonaldo MF, Lenon F, and Soares MB. Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery. Genome Res. 1996, 6791-6806
Brinkman U, Basmatis G, Lee BK, et al. Page-1, an x chromosome -linked gage-like gene that is expressed in normal and neoplastic prostate, testis, and uterus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1998, 95: 10757-10762
Brinkman U, Basmatzis G, Lee B, et al. Novel genes in the page and gage family of tumor antigens found by homology walking in the dbEST database. Cancer Research. 1999, 59: 1445-1448
Brown MR, Kohn EC, and Hutter RV. The new millennium: applying novel technology to the study of the cancer cell in situ. Eur J Nucl Med. 2000, 27(1 supp.): s27-s30
Buetow KH, Edmonson M, Nacdonald R, et al. High-throughput development
and characterization of a genome wide collection of gene-based single nucleotide polymorphism markers by chip-based matris-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometryl. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2001,98:581-584
Cabral A, Voskamp P, Cleton-Jansen AM, et al. Structural organization and regulation of the small proline-rich family of comified envelope precursors suggest a role in adaptive barrier function. J Biol Chem. 2001, 26(22): 19231-19237
Candi E, Melino G, Sette M, et al. Acquisition of ordered conformation by the N-terminal domain of the human small proline rich 2 protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999, 262: 395-400
Cartron JP. Defining the Rh blood group antigens: Biochemistry and molecular genetics. Blood Rev. 1994, 8: 199-212
Cavenee WK. The genetic basis of cancer. Sci Am. 1995, 264:72-79
Chen BS, Wang MR, Cai Y, et al. Decreased expression of SPRR3 in Chinese human oesophageal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2000, 21: 2147-2150
Chen BS, Wang MR, Xu X, et al. Transglutaminase-3, an esophageal cancer-related gene. Int J Cancer. 2000, 88: 862-865
Cheng KK, Duffy SW, Day NE, et al. Esophageal cancer in never-smokers and never-drinkers. Int J Cancer. 1995, 60: 820-822
Cherif-Zahar B, Matassi G, Raynal V, et al. Rh-deficiency of the regulator type caused by splicing mutations in the human RH50 gene. Blood. 1998a, 92: 2535-2540.
Cherif-Zahar B, Raynal V, Gane P, et al. Candidate gene acting as a suppressor of the RH locus in most cases of Rh-deficiency. Nat Genet. 1996, 12: 168-173
Ciaparrone M, Yamamoto H, Yao Y, et al. Localization and expression of p27kipl in multistage colorectal carcinogenesis. Cancer Res. 1998, 58(1): 114-122
Clifford R, Edmonson M, Hu Y, et al. Expression -based genetic/physical maps of single-nucleotide polymorphisms identified by the cancer genome anatomy project. Genome Res. 2000, 10(8): 1259-1265
Coleman MP, Esteve J, Damiecki P, et al. Esophagus. In: International agency for research on cancer, trends in cancer incidence and mortality. Lyon: I.A.R.C. Scientific publications. 1993, 121: 161-192
Cubitt AB, Heim R, Adams SR, et al. Understanding, improving and using green fluorescent proteins. Trends Biochem Sci. 1995, 20: 448-555
De Muth JP, Weaver DA, Crawford EL, et al. Loss of sprl expression measurable by quantitative RT-PCR in human bronchogenic carcinoma cell lines. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 1998, 19: 25-29
Devilee P, van Vliet M, Bardoel A, et al. Frequent somatic imbalance of marker alleles for chromosome 1 in human primary breast carcinoma. Cancer Res. 1991, 51: 1020-1025
Dias NE, Garcia CR, Verjovski-Almeida S, et al. Shotgun sequencing of the human transcriptome with ORF expressed sequence tags. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2000, 97: 3491-3496
Dubbink HJ, Verkaik NS, Faber PW, et al. Tissue-specific and androgenregulated expression of human prostate-specific transglutaminases. Biochem J. 1996, 315: 901-908
E Marincola FM. A natural history of melanoma: serial gene expression analysis.Immunol Today. 2000, 21(12): 619-623
Eckert RL, Yaffe MB, Crish JF, et al. Involucrin-structure and role in envelope assembly. J Invest Dermatol. 1993,100(5): 613-617
Eckert RL; Green H. Structure and evolution of the human involucrin gene. Cell. 1986, Aug 15, 46(4): 583-589
Elek J, Pinzon W, and Park KH et al. Relevant genomics of neurotensin receptor in cancer. Anticancer Res. 2000, 20(1 A): 53-58.
Emmer-Buck MR, Strausberg RL, Krizman DB, et al. Molecular profiling of clinical tissue specimens-feasibility and applications. J Mol Diag. 2000, 2: 60-66
Emmert-Buck MR, Bonner RF, Smith PD, et al. Laser capture microdissection. Science. 1996, 274: 998-1001
Florell SR, Coffin CM, Holden JA, et al. Preservation of RNA for functional genomic studies: a multidisciplinary tumor bank protocol. Mod Pathol. 2001, 14(2): 116-128
Garidou A, Tzonou A, Lipworth L, et al. Life-style factors and medical conditions in relation to esophageal cancer by histologic type in a low-risk population. Int J Cancer. 1996, 68: 295-299
Gentile V, Saydak M, Chiocca EA, et al. Isolation and characterization of cDNA clones to mouse macrophage and human endothelial cell tissue transglutaminases. J Biol Chem. 1991, 266: 478-483
Gerdes J, Schwab U, Lemke H, et al. Producton of a monoclonal antibody reactive with a human nuclear antigen associated with cell proliferation. Int J cancer. 1983,31: 13-20
Gibbs S, Fijneman R, Wiegant J, et al. Molecular characterization and evolution of the SPRR family of keratinocyte differentiation markers encoding small proline-rich proteins. Genomics. 1993, 16: 630-637
Gibbs S, Fijneman R, Wiegant J, et al. Molecular characterization and evolution of the SPRR family of keratinocyte differentiation markers encoding small proline-rich proteins. Genomics. 1993, 16: 630-637
Guo SS, Wu X, and Shimoide AT, et al. Anomalous overexpression of p27kipl in sporadic pancreatic endocrine tumors. J Surg Res. 2001, 96(2): 284-288
Hartwell EH, hopfield JJ, Leibler S, et al. From molecular to modular cell biology. Nature. 1999, 402(6271 Suppl): 47-52
Hessian PA, Edgeworth J, and Hogg N. MRP-8 and MRP-14, two abundant Ca (2+)-binding proteins of neutrophils and monocytes. J Leukoc Biol. 1993, 53: 197-204
Hillier LD, Lennon G, Becker M, et al. Generation and analysis of 280,000 human expressed sequence tags. Genome Res. 1996, 6: 807-828
Hohl D, Viragh PA, Amiguet-Barras F, et al. The small proline-rich proteins constitute a multigene family of differentially regulated cornified cell envelope precursor protein. J Invest Dermatol. 1995,104(6): 902-909
Hohl DE, De Viragh PA, Amiguet-Barras F, et al. The small proline-rich proteins constitute a multigene family of differentially regulated cornified cell envelope precursor proteins. J Invest Dermatol. 1995,104: 902-909
Hough CD, Sherman-Baust CA, Pizer ES, et al. Large-scale serial analysis of gene expression reveals genes differentially expressed in ovarian cancer. Cancer Research. 2000, 60: 6281-6287
Huang CH, Chen Y, Reid ME, et al. Rh_(null) disease: the amorph type results from a novel double mutation in RhCE gene on D-negative background. Blood. 1998b, 92: 664-671
Huang CH, Cheng GJ, Reid ME, et al. Rhmod syndrome: a family study of the translation-initiator mutation in the Rh50 glycoprotein gene. Am J Hum Genet. 1999,64: 108-117
Huang CH, Liu Z, Cheng GJ, et al. Rh50 glycoprotein gene and Rh_(null) disease: a silent splice donor is trans to a Gly279→Glu missense mutation in the conserved transmembrane segment. Blood. 1998c, 92: 1776-1784
Huang CH. The human Rh50 glycoprotein gene: structural organization and associated splicing defect resulting in Rh_(null) disease. J Biol Chem. 1998a, 273: 2207-2213
Huminiecki L and Bicknell R. In silico cloning of novel endothelial specific genes. Genome Research. 2000, 10: 1796-1806
Hyland CA, Cherif-Zahar B, Cowley N, et al. A novel single missense mutation identified along the Rh50 gene in a composite heterozygous Rh_(null) blood donor of the regulator type. Blood. 1998, 91(4): 1458-1463
Ichinose A, Bottenus RE, and Davie EW. Sructure of transglutaminases. J Biol Chem. 1990,265: 13411-13414
Ishida Yamamoto A and Iizuka H. Structural organization of comified cell envelopes and alterations in skin disorders. Exp Dermatol. 1998, 7(1): 1-10
Ishida Yamamoto A, Kartasova T, Matsuo S, et al. Involucrin and SPRR are synthesized sequentially in differentiating cultured epidermal cells. J Invest Dermatol. 1997, 108(1): 12-16
Ishida Yamamoto A, McGrath JA, Lam H, et al. The molecular pathology of progressive symmetric erythrokeratoderma: a frameshift mutation in the loricrin gene and perturbations in the cornified cell envelope. Am J Hum Genet. 1997, 61(3): 581-589
Johnson DG. The paradox of E2F1: oncogene and tumor suppressor gene. Mol carcinog. 2000, 27(3): 151-157
Jones GJ, Heiss NS, Veale RB, et al. Amplification and expression of the TGF- α , EGF receptor and c-myc genes in four human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma lines. Biosci Rep. 1993,1: 303-312
Jonveaux P and Berger R. Chromosomal deletions in non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphomas. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 1990, 49: 265-269
Kadowaki T, Shiozaki H, Inoue M, et al. E-cadherin and α catenin expression in human esophageal cancer. Cancer Res. 1994, 54: 291-296
Kartasova T, Darwiche N, Kohno Y, et al. Sequence and expression patterns of mouse SPR1: Correlation of expression with epithelial function. J Invest Dermatol. 1996, 106(2): 294-304
Kartasova T, van Muijen GN, van Pelt Heerschap H, et al. Novel protein in human epidermal keratinocytes: regulation of expression during differentiation. Mol Cell Biol. 1988, 8(5): 2204-2210
Kim HC, Lewis MS, Gorman JJ, et al. Protransglutaminase E from guinea pig skin: isolation and partial characterzation. J Biol Chem. 1990, 265: 21971-21978
Kim IG, Gorman JJ, Park SC, et al. The deduced sequence of the novel protransglutaminase E (TGase 3) of human and mouse. J Biol Chem. 1993, 268: 12682-12690
Kimura K, Endo Y, Yonemura Y, et al. Clinical significance of S100A4 and E-cadherin-related adhesion molecules in non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Oncol. 2000,16: 1125-1131
Kitano T, Sumiyama, Shiroishi T, et al. Conserved evolution of the Rh50 gene compared to its homologous Rh blood group gene. Biochem Biophy Res Commun. 1998, 249: 78-85
Kligman D and Hilt DC. The S100 protein family. Trends Biochem Sci. 1988, 13: 437-443
Kligman D and Hilt DC. The S100 protein family. Trends Biochem Sci. 1988, 13: 437-443
Komatsu K, Andoh A, Ishiguro S, et al. Increased expression of S100A6 (Calcyclin), a calcium-binding protein of the S100 family, in human colorectal adenocarcinomas. Clin Cancer Res. 2000, 6: 172-177
Korge BP, Ishida Yamamoto A, Punter C, et al. Loricrin mutation in Vohwinkel's keratoderma is unique to the variant with ichthyosis. J Invest Dermatol. 1997, 109(4): 604-610
Korsgren C, Lawler J, Lambert S, et al. Complete amino acid sequence and homologies of human erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.2. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1990, 87: 613-617
Krizman DB, Wagner L, Lash A, et al. The cancer genome anatomy project: EST sequencing and the genetics of cancer progression. Nesoplasia. 1999, 1: 101-106
Kuska B. Cancer genome anatomy project set for take-off. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1996, 88(24): 1801-1803
Kuwano H, Sumiyoshi K, Nozoe T, et al. The prognostic significance of the cytophotometric DNA content and its relationship with the argrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNOR) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) in esophageal cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol. 1995, 21: 368-373
Lal A, Lash AE, Altschul SF, et al. A public database for gene expression in human cancers. Cancer Research. 1999, 59: 5403-5407
Lam KY, Tasao SW, Zhang D, et al. Prevalence and predictive value of p53 mutation in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinomas: a prospective clinicopathological study and survival analysis of 70 patients. Int J Cancer. 1997, 74:212-219
Lam KY, Tin L, and Ma L. C-erb-2 protein expression in esophageal squamous eqithelium from oesophageal squamous cell carcinomas , with special reference to histological grade of carcinoma and pre-invasive lesions. Eur J Surg Oncol. 1998, 24(5): 431-435
Larsson M, Stahl S, Uhlen M, et al. Expression profile viewer (ExProView): a software tool for transcriptome analysis. Genomics. 2000, 63(3): 341-353
Lash AE, Tolstoshev CM, Wagner L, et al. SAGEmap: a public gene expression resource. Genome Research. 2000,10: 1051-1060
Lee SW, Tomasetto C, Swisshelm K, et al. Down-regulation of a member of the S-100 gene family in mammary carcinoma cells and reexpression by azadeoxycytidine treatment. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1992, 89: 2504-2508
Lennon G, Auffray C, Polymeropoulos M, et al. The i.m.a.g.e. consortium: an integrated molecular analysis of genomes and their expression. Genomics. 1996, 33: 151-152
Letson GD and Muro-Cacho CA. Genetic and molecular abnormalities intumors of the bone and soft tissues. Cancer Control. 2001, 8(3): 239-251
Liang P and Pardee AB. Differential display of eukaryotic messenger RNA by means of the polymerase chain reaction. Science. 1992, 257: 967-971
Liotta LA and Emmert-Buck MR. The role of tissue microdissection in cancer research. Cancer J. 2001, 7(1): 32-39
Lioumi M, Olavesen MG, Nizetic D, et al. High-resolution YAC fragmentation map of Iq21. Genomics. 1998, 49(2): 200-208
Liu Z, Chen Y, Mo R, et al. Characterization of human RhCG and mouse Rhcg as novel nonerythroid Rh glycoprotein homologues predominantly expressed in kidney and testis. J Biol Chem. 2000, 275: 25641-25651
Loging WT, Lal A, Siu IM, et al. Identifying potential tumor markers and antigens by database mining and rapid expression screening. Genome Res. 2000, 10(9): 1393-1402
Lotan R. Squamous cell differentiation markers in normal, premalignant, and malignant epithelium: effects of retinoids. J Cell Biochem. 1993, Suppl. 17F: 167-174
Maelandsmo GM, Florenes VA, Mellingsaeter T, et al. Differential expression patterns of S100A2, S100A4 and S100A6 during progression of human malignant melanoma. Int J Cancer. 1997, 74: 464-469
Mani RS and Kay CM. Ca~(2+) and Zn~(2+)-binding properties of nitrated S-100b protein from bovine brain. Biochem J. 1986, 238: 715-719
Marini AM, Urrestarazu A, Beauwens R, et al. The Rh (rhesus) blood grouppolypeptides are related to NH_4~+ transporters. Trends Biochem Sci. 1997, 22:
460-461
Marra M, Hillier 1, Kucaba T, et al. An encyclopedia of mouse genes. Nat Genet. 1999,21: 191-194
Mayall FG, Goddard H, and Gibbs AR. An assessment of involucrin as a diagnostically useful immunohistochemical marker in lung tumours. Histopathology. 1992, 20(1): 53-55
Mehrel T, Hohl D, Rothnagel JA, et al. Identification of a major keratinocyte cell envelope protein, loricrin. Cell. 1990, 61(6): 1103-1112
Mischke D, Korge BP, Marenholz I, et al. Genes encoding structural proteins of epidermal cornification and S100 calcium-binding proteins form a gene complex ("epidermal differentiation complex") on human chromosome 1q21. J Invest Dermatol. 1996, 106(5): 989-992
Mischke D, Korge BP, Marenholz I, et al. Genes encoding structural proteins of epidermal cornification and S100 calcium-binding proteins form a gene complex ("epidermal differentiation complex") on human chromosome 1q21. J Invest Dermatol. 1996, 106: 989-992
Momand J, Jung D, Wilczynski S, et al. The MDM2 gene amplification database. Nucleic Acids Res. 1998, 26(15): 3453-3459
Montesano R, Hollstein M, and Hainaut P. Genetic alterations in oesophageal cancer and their relevance to etiology and pathogenesis: A Review. Int J Cancer (Pred. Oncol). 1996, 69: 225-235
Moog Lutz C, Bouillet P, Regnier CH, et al. Comparative expression of the psoriasin (S100A7) and S100C genes in breast carcinoma and co-localization to human chromosome 1q21-q22. Int J Cancer. 1995, 63: 297-303
Morisaki Y, Shima S, Yoshizumi Y, et al. PCNA immunostaining combined with AgNOR staining in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma to identify patients with a poor prognosis. Surg Today. 1995, 25: 389-395
Munoz N. Epidemiological aspects of esophageal cancer. Endoscopy. 1993, 23: 609-612
Nair SA, Nair MB, Jayaprakash PG, et al. Involucrin and tumor progression in the uterine cervix. Pathobiology. 1996, 64(6): 333-338
Nakamura TM, Norin GB, Chapman KB, et al. Telomerase catalytic subunit homologs from fission yeast and human. Science. 1997, 277: 955-959
Nakanishi Y, Ochiai A, Akimoto S, et al. Expression of E-cadherin, alpha-catenin, beta-catenin and plakoglobin in esophageal carcinomas and its prognostic significance: immunohistochemical analysis of 96 lesions. Oncology. 1997,54(2): 158-165
Nelson PS, Han D, Rochony, et al. Comprehensive analyses of prostate gene expression: convergence of expressed sequence tag database, transcript profiling and proteomic. Electrophoresis. 2000, 21: 1823-1831
Nemes Z and Steinert PM. Bricks and mortar of the epidermal barrier. Exp Mol Med. 1999, 31(1): 5-19
Nemes Z, Marekov LN, Fesus L, et al. A novel function for transglutaminase 1: attachment of long-chain omega-hydroxyceramides to involucrin by ester bond formation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1999, 96(15): 8402-8407
O'Brien C. Cancer genome anatomy project launched. Mol Med Today. 1997, 3(3): 94
Pejovic T. Genetic changes in ovarian cancer. Ann Med, 1995, 27: 73-78
Ponder BA. Cancer genetics. Nature. 2001, 411(6835): 336-341
Powell J. Enhanced concatemer cloning-a modification to the SAGE(serial analysis of gene expression) technique. Nucleic Acids Res. 1998, 26(14): 3445-3446
Reed PI and Johnston BJ. The changing incidence of esophageal cancer. Endoscopy. 1993, 25: 606-608
Rice RH, Mehrpouyan M, O'Callahan W, et al. Keratinocyte transglutaminase: Differentiation marker and member of an extended family. Epithelial Cell Biol. 1992,1:128-137
Riggins GJ and Strausberg RL. Genome and genetic resources from the cancer genome anatomy project. Human Molecular Genetics. 2001,10: 663-667
Riggins GJ. Using Serial Analysis of Gene Expression to identify tumor markers and antigens. Dis Markers. 2001, 17(2): 41-48
Roncalli M, Bosari S, Marchetti A, et al. Cell cycle-related gene abnormalities and product expression in esophageal carcinoma. Lab Invest. 1998, 78: 1049-1057
Rudland PS, Higgins AP, Renshaw C, et al. Prognostic Significance of the Metastasis-inducing Protein S100A4 (p9Ka) in Human Breast Cancer. Cancer Res. 2000, 60: 1595-1603
Ruse M, Lambert A, Robinson N, et al. S100A7, S100A10, and S100A11 are transglutaminase substrates. Biochemistry. 2001, 40(10): 3167-3173
Schaefer C, Grouse L, Buetow K, et al. A new cancer genome anatomy project web resource for the community. Cancer J. 2001, 7(1): 52-60
Schafer BW and Heizmann CW. The S100 family of EF-hand calcium binding proteins: functions and pathology. Trends Biochem Sci. 1996, 21: 134-140
Scheurle D, DE Young MP, Biinninger DM, et al. Cancer gene discovery using digital differential display. Cancer Research. 2000, 60: 4037-4043
Schmid C, Zatloukal K, Beham A, et al. Involucrin expression in breast carcinomas: an immunohistochemical study. Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histopathol. 1993,423(3): 161-167
Schmitt AO, Specht T, Beckmann G, et al. Exhaustive mining of EST libraries for genes differentially expressed in normaland tumour tissues. Nucleic Acids Res. 1999, 27(21): 4251-4260
Shiga K, Shiga C, Sasano H, et al. Expression of c-erbB-2 in human esophageal carcinoma cells: overexpression correlated with gene amplification or with GATA-3 transcription factor expression. Anticancer Res. 1993, 13: 1293-1302
Shiloh M, Manor A, Bar-am I, et al. DNA sequences amplified in cancer cells: an interface between tumor biology and human genome analysis. Mutation Res. 1992, 276: 329-337
Simon M and Green H. Enzymatic cross- linking of involucrin and other proteins by keratinocyte particulates in vitro. Cell. 1985, 40(3): 677-683
Sorg C. The calcium binding proteins MRP8 and MRP14 in acute and chronic inflammation. Behring Inst Mitt. 1992, 91: 126-137
Sreekantaiah C, Bhargava MK, and Shetty NJ. Chromosome 1 abnormalities in cervical carcinoma. Cancer. 1988, 62: 1317-1324
St Croix B, Rago C, Velculescu V, et al. Genes expressed in human tumor
endothelium. Science. 2000, 289(5482): 1197-1202
Steinert PM and Marekov LN. Direct evidence that involucrin is a major early isopeptide cross-linked component of the keratinocyte cornified cell envelope. J Biol Chem. 1997, 272(3): 2021-2030
Steinert PM and Marekov LN. Initiation of assembly of the cell envelope barrier structure of stratified squamous epithelia. Mol Biol Cell. 1999, 10(12): 4247-4261
Steinert PM and Marekov LN. The proteins elafin, filaggrin, keratin intermediate filaments, loricrin, and small proline-rich proteins 1 and 2 are isodipeptide cross-linked components of the human epidermal cornified cell envelope. J Biol Chem. 1995, 270(30): 17702-17711
Steinert PM, Candi E, Kartasova T, et al. Small proline-rich proteins are cross-bridging proteins in the cornified cell envelopes of stratified squamous epithelia. J Struct Biol. 1998, 122(1-2): 76-85
Steinert PM, Kartasova T, and Marekov LN. Biochemical evidence that small praline-rich proteins and trichohyalin function in epithelia by modulation of the biomechanical properties of their cornified cell envelopes. J Biol Chem. 1998, 273: 11758-11769
Stekel DJ, Git Y, and Falciani F. The comparison of gene expression from multiple cDNA libraries. Genome Res. 2000, 10(12): 2055-2061
Steven AC and Steinert PM. Protein composition of cornified cell envelopes of epidermal keratinocytes. J Cell Sci. 1994, 107 (Pt 2): 693-700
Steven AC and Steinert PM. Protein composition of comified cell envelops of epidermal keratinocytes. J Cell Sci. 1994, 107(2): 693-700
Strausberg RL, Buetow KH, Emmert-Buck MR, et al. The cancer genome anatomy project: building an annotated gene index. Trends Genet. 2000, 16(3): 103-106
Strausberg RL, Dahl CA, and Klausner RD. New opportunities for uncovering the molecular basis of cancer. Nat Genet. 1997, 15: 415-416
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Klausner RD, et al. The mammalian gene collection. Science. 1999, 286: 455-457
Strausberg RL, Greenhut SF, Grouse LH, et al. In silico analysis of cancer through the Cancer Genome Anatomy Project. Trends Cell Biol. 2001, 11(11): S66-71
Strausberg RL. The Cancer Genome Anatomy Project: new resources for reading the molecular signatures of cancer. J Pathol. 2001, 195(1): 31-40
Sui IM, Lal A, and Riggins GJ. A database for regional gene expression in the human brain. Expression Patterns Brain Research. 2001, 1: 33-38
Suo Z, Holm R, and Nesland JM. Squamous cell carcinomas. An immunohistochemical study of cytokeratins and involucrin in primary and metastatic tumours. Histopathology. 1993, 23(1): 45-54
Tanaka M, Nonogaki S, Alberti VN, et al. p53 in epidermoid cancer of the esophagus. Hepatogastroenterology. 1999,46: 1765-1768
Tarcsa E, Candi E, Kartasova T, et al. Structural and transglutaminase substrate properties of the small proline-rich 2 family of cornified cell envelope proteins. J Biol Chem. 1998,273(36): 23297-23303
Teh BT, Larsson C and Nordenskjold M. Tumor suppressor genes(TSG). Anticancer Res. 1999, 19: 4715-4728
Teigelkamp S, Bhardwaj RS, Roth J, et al. Calcium-dependent complex assembly of the myeloic differentiation proteins MRP-8 and MRP-14. J Biol Chem. 1991,266: 13462-13467
Todd R and Wong DT. Oncogenes. Anticancer Res. 1999, 19: 4729-4746
Velculescu VE, Zhang L, Vogelstein B, et al. Serial analysis of gene expression. Science. 1995, 270: 484-487
Volz A, Korge BP, Compton JG, et al. Physical mapping of a functional cluster of epidermal differentiation genes on chromosome 1q21. Genomics. 1993, 18(1): 92-99
Walter MA, Spillett DJ, Thomas P, et al. A method for constructing radiation hybrid maps of whole genome. Nat genet. 1994, 7: 22-28
Wang L, Zhu D, Zhang C, et al. Mutations of O~6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase gene in esophageal cancer tissues from Northern China. Int J Cancer. 1997,71:719-723
Wang M, Kim IG, Steinert PM, et al. Assignment of the human transglutaminase 2 (TGM2) and transglutaminase 3 (TGM3) genes to chromosome 20q11.2. Genomics. 1994, 23: 721-722
Wang XQ, Xiao F, Wang MR, et al. Establishment and chromosome analysis of two human esophageal cancer cell lines. Chin J Oncol. 1998, 20: 354-356
Weinsein IB. Relevance of cyclin D1 and other molecular markers to cancer chemoprevention. J Cell Biochem. 1996, 25s: 23-28
Weinstein IB, Begemann M, Zhou P, et al. Disorders in cell circuitry associated with multistage carcinogenesisrexploitable targets fair cancer prevention and therapy. Clin Cancer Res. 1997, 3(12pt2): 1696-1702
Weinstein IB. Disorders in cell circuitry during multistage carcinogenesis: the role of homeostasis. Carcinogenesis. 2000, 21(5): 857-864
Wheeler DL, Church DM, Lash AE, et al. Database resources of the National Center for Biotechnology Information. Nucleic Acids Res. 2001, 29(1): 11-16
Whelan SL, Parkin DM, Masuyer E, et al. Histograms depicting rates of cancer age-standardized to the world population by site and sex, In: International agency of research on cancer. Patterns of cancer in five continents. Lyon: I.A.R.C. Scientific Publications. 1990, 102
Wilkinson MM, Busuttil A, Hayward C, et al. Expression pattern of two related cystic fibrosis-associated calcium-binding proteins in normal and abnormal tissues. J Cell Sci. 1988, 91: 221-230
Willianson AR. The merck gene index project. Drug Discov today. 1999, 4: 115-122
Wong FH, Hu CP, Vchiu JH, et al. Expression of multiple oncogenes in human esophageal carcinomas. Cancer Invest. 1994, 12: 121-131
Wu KM, Xu ZX, Wang MR, et al. Cloning and expression analysis of down-regulated cDNA C6-2A in human esophageal cancer. Chin J Med Gene. 1999, 16:325-327
Xiao F, Wang X, Wang MR, et al. Molecular cytogenetic study on four human esophageal cancer cell lines. Chin J Med Genet. 1998,15: 75-77
Xu Z, Wang MR, Xu X, et al. Novel human esophagus-specific gene clorf10: cDNA cloning, gene structure, and frequent loss of expression in esophageal cancer. Genomics. 2000, 69: 322-330
Yaar M, Eller MS, Bhawan J, et al. In vivo and in vitro SPRR1 gene expression in normal and malignant keratinocytes. Exp Cell Res. 1995, 217(2): 217-226
Yamamoto H, Soh JW, Klein MG, et al. Paradoxical increase in retinoblastoma protein in colorectal carcinomas may protect cells from apoptosis. Clin Cancer Res. 1999, 5(7): 1805-1815
Yoshida K, Kyo E, Tsuda T, et al. EGF and TGF- α , the ligands of hyperproduced EGFR inhuman esophageal carcinoma cells, act as autocrine growth factors. Int J Cancer. 1990,45: 131-135
Yoshida Y, Okamura T, Ezaki T, et al. Predictors of post-operative distant recurrences in esophageal cancinoma. Ann thorac surg. 1994, 57: 886-889
Yu CCW and Filipe MI. Update on proliferation-associated antibodies applicable to formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue and their clinical applications. Histochem J. 1993, 25: 843-853
Zhang H, Yousem SA, Franklin WA, et al. Differentiation and programmed cell death-related intermediate biomarkers for the development of non-small cell lung cancer: a pilot study. Hum Pathol. 1998, 29(9): 965-971
Zhou P, Jiang W, Zhang YJ, et al. Antisense to cyclin D1 inhibits growth and reverses the transformed phenotype of human esophageal cancer cells. Oncogene. 1995, 82: 621-630
Zimmer DB, Cornwall EH, Landar A, et al. The S100 protein family: history, function, and expression. Brain Res Bull. 1995, 37: 417-429
陈柏华，王秀琴，林晨，等。中国人食管癌p16基因突变分析。中华医学遗传学杂志，1997，14(3)：138-141
赫杰，张汝刚，朱丹，等。食管癌c-Myc基因扩增的临床意义，中华医学杂志，1995；75：94-96
李华川，陆士新。食管癌和贲门癌组织中p53突变的研究。中华肿瘤杂志，1994；16：172-176
郑杰，候萍，周传农，等。CDKN2(p16INK4／MTSl)基因丢失和cyclinDl扩增在食管肿瘤发生中的意义。中华肿瘤杂志，1996，18(6)：498-511