我国上市公司其他综合收益信息含量研究
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摘要
2009年6月,财政部颁布了《企业会计准则解释第3号》,正式引入了其他综合收益的概念,并作出了解释。在《关于执行会计准则的上市公司和非上市公司做好2009年年报工作的通知》中,详细规定了其他综合收益的披露格式。自此之后,国内学者从规范研究的角度出发,对其他综合收益的概念、内涵和认定标准进行了广泛的讨论。但是自《企业会计准则解释第3号》发布三年来,其执行效果如何,是否向投资者传递了有效的信息增量,这方面的研究成果并不多见。
     基于以上考虑,本文以沪市A股上市公司2010年年报数据为研究样本,采用实证方法在该领域进行了一定的尝试。本文以事件研究模型为基础,通过显著性检验和盈余反应系数回归分析对其他综合收益的信息含量进行了实证研究,并以价格模型为补充,进一步验证了传统净利润、其他综合收益和综合收益总额各自所含有的信息增量。在研究过程中,首先阐述了本文的研究框架和研究目的,确定了本文的研究思路。其次,详细阐述了其他综合收益的理论基础和国外其他综合收益会计的发展历程,对国内外其他综合收益的相关研究进行了简要的对比分析,总结和评价。第三,结合理论分析和国内外文献回顾,提出本文的研究假设,简要介绍本文的研究方法和样本选取来源。最后对样本进行了实证分析。实证结果表明:(1)传统净利润和综合收益都含有与投资者决策相关的信息含量,但是与净利润相比,综合收益没有显著的信息增量;(2)其他综合收益含有与股票价格相关的信息增量,投资者能够从其他综合收益信息的披露中获得超额收益。
     虽然其他综合收益的披露,为投资者提供了一定的信息含量,但是作为一个新提出的概念,其他综合收益无论是在准则制定还是在实施过程中,都存在着一些问题。对此,本文在最后从会计实务的角度,对完善其他综合收益披露和列报提出了改进的建议:(1)明确其他综合收益具体项目的认定标准;(2)在“资本公积”项目下设置二级明细科目,明确区分其他综合收益与权益性项目,避免二者混淆;(3)在利润表中的其他综合收益项目下设置二级明细科目,详细列示其他综合收益的各项来源;(4)加强对资产负债表观下其他综合收益的宣传、培训和指导。
Since the Other Comprehensive Income (OCI) was introduced in the , which was issued by FinanceMinistry in2009June and set standards for the disclosure of the OCI in , many domestic scholars from the normative perspectivestudied the concept and content of OCI. But the standards has been issued for twoyears, what about the result of its implementation, whether it delivered effectiveincremental information. Research in this area is rare. Based on those considerations,this paper takes A-share companies listed as researching sample and uses empiricalmethod to have a try in the field. This based on event study model, analysis theinformation content of OCI through significance test and earnings responsecoefficients regression.
     Besides that, this paper also use pricing model to add further validation of theinformation of traditional net income, comprehensive income and OCI. In the courseof the study, this paper first expounded the research framework and purposes,determined the research ideas. Secondly, it explained the theoretical basis of OCI andthe development course of OCI accounting in foreign countries, analyzed relatedresearch. The third, combined with theoretical analysis and literature review, this paperput forward the hypothesis of this article, introduced research methods and samplesource. Finally, this paper analyzed the samples from empirical view. The empiricalresults show that:(1) Both traditional net income and comprehensive income have theinformation content, but the information content of comprehensive income isn’tstranger than that of traditional net income.(2) OCI has relevant information with stock price, and investors can obtain excess returns from the disclosure of OCI.
     Although the disclosure of the OCI provides investors with a certain amount ofinformation content, but as a new concept put forward, the OCI is imperfect either inthe implementation or standard-setting process. Some strategy suggestions can bemade for the improvement of OCI:(1) Confirmation standards of the OCI itemsshould be more specific and clear.(2) Set a second level subsidiary account OCI incapital reserve so that the OCI can be separated from capital transaction.(3) Set secondlevel subsidiary accounts under OCI item in the income statement to detail the sourceof OCI.(4) Enhance the propaganda, training and guidance of OCI in statement offinancial position view.
引文
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