基于太阳能利用的储能缓释地板模块结构及相变材料研究
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摘要
为实现对能源的高效利用,本课题研制了一种具有储热与热缓释功能的地板模块。该地板模块以太阳能转化的热空气为热源,以相变材料为储热载体,以规范化、标准化加工为产品实现的原则,实现对室内的均衡供热。通过对该储能缓释地板的结构及热、力学特性研究,探讨其储热、缓释特性,为实际生产提供理论依据,研究内容主要包括：
1、相变材料研究
相变材料的种类和特性、相变材料选择、新型相变材料研制、新型相变材料的相变温度、相变潜热特性等方面的研究。
(1)以相变材料(XB-1)和相变材料(XB-2)按一定比例混合后,检测其相变温度。
(2)在XB-1和XB-2混合物的基础上,加入一定量的添加(TJ)剂,增加相变材料的热焓量,提高导热系数。
(3)选择合适的多孔性材料,使相变材料填充于该多孔性材料中,形成复合型相变材料,通过试验确定最佳复合工艺。
(4)通过对复合相变材料进行封胶处理试验,对封胶材料进行优化。
(5)对复合相变材料进行热分析、电镜分析、比表面及孔隙率分析。
2、地板模块结构设计
(1)地板模块材料选择、模块尺寸规格、模块加工过程和模块安装方式等方面的研究,并对储热地板模块的热学特性进行计算与分析。
(2)隔热底板制作,用三层木胶合板为上下盖板,周围用木条封边,中间填充隔热保温材料,对隔热保温材料种类、性能进行筛选,用导热系数测试仪对多种隔热保温材料进行试验,并对试验结果进行优化。
研究结果表明,比例为XB-1/XB-2/TJ(100/50/100)的复合相变材料热含量和导热系数可满足要求。同时以膨胀珍珠岩为载体,用水泥进行定型、封边,解决了相变材料在相变过程中的渗漏等问题,同时该研究成功地设计并制造出复合地板模块样品。地板模块样品用挤塑板做隔热底板的保温材料热损失最少,而热源温度在60-70℃时,地板模块的吸热量最大。通过试验结果分析,对模块结构、隔热材料、相变材料等因素与该复合地板的储能缓释性能的关系进行了探讨。
试验结果证明,该复合地板的储热性能和保温缓释性能良好,可行性高；加工与安装简便。
To achieve efficient use of energy, The developed a kind of module floor with thermal storage and heat-release function. For this module floor, hot air converted from solar energy is heat source, and phase change material is thermal storage carrier. Following the principles of standardization and normalization processing, this module floor could achieve a balanced indoor heating. The structures and thermal and mechanic characteristics of this floor were investigated, and its heat storage, heat release characteristics were discussed, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the actual production. The research mainly includes:
1、Development of phase change materials
Including the type and characteristics of phase change materials, selection of phase change material, development of new phase-change materials, phase transition temperature of the new developed-phase-change material, potential heat and other characteristics, development of composite phase change materials:
(1) The phase change material (XB-1) and phase change materials (XB-2) were mixed according to a certain mass ratio before the phase transition temperature was detected.
(2) Based on the mixture of XB-1and XB-2, A certain amount of additive (TJ-1) were applied, increasing the enthalpy value of phase change material and improving its thermal conductivity.
(3) Phase-change material was filled in a selected porous material to gain a composite phase-change material. The best processing parameters for complexing were determined by test methods such as infer.
(4) A best sealant material was found by sealing the composite phase change material with different material.
(5) for Thermal analysis, electron microscopy characterization and surface area and porosity analysis were carried out on the composite phase change materials, and the correlation coefficient was determined.
2、The structural design of floor module
(1) Materials for the floor module were choosen, the module size, the maching process, and installation process were studied. At the same time, thermal characteristics of the heat storage floor module were calculated and analyzed.
(2) Floor insulation was made. Three-layer plywood were used as the up and down cover, wood strips were around the edge, and the inner space was filled with thermal insulation material. Different thermal insulation materials were tested on a conductivity tester, and the best was choosen according to insulation effects.
Results showed that:thermal conductivity and heat content of composite phase change materials which has a mass ration of XB-1/XB-2/TJ=(100/50/100) reached the requirements. At the same time, when expanded perlite was used as the carrier, cement was utilized for shaping and edging, problems of phase change material the solid liquid phase change process issues were successfully solved, for instance, leakage no longer occurred easily. At the same time composite floor sample module were to designed and manufactured. When extruded insulation board was used as the insulation floor, least heat was lost, and the heat source temperature is about60-70℃, the floor module could absorb most heat. Effects of structure, insulation materials, water temperature, and phase change materials on the heat storage and heat release performance of this floor were learned.
Results showed that:this composite floor has good hear storage and heat release properties; its application is feasibile, whilt its processing and installation are relatively simple. Meanwhile, the experiment also suggested a limited endothermic capacity and a low hear transfer rate of this composite floor.
1、相变材料研究
相变材料的种类和特性、相变材料选择、新型相变材料研制、新型相变材料的相变温度、相变潜热特性等方面的研究。
(1)以相变材料(XB-1)和相变材料(XB-2)按一定比例混合后,检测其相变温度。
(2)在XB-1和XB-2混合物的基础上,加入一定量的添加(TJ)剂,增加相变材料的热焓量,提高导热系数。
(3)选择合适的多孔性材料,使相变材料填充于该多孔性材料中,形成复合型相变材料,通过试验确定最佳复合工艺。
(4)通过对复合相变材料进行封胶处理试验,对封胶材料进行优化。
(5)对复合相变材料进行热分析、电镜分析、比表面及孔隙率分析。
2、地板模块结构设计
(1)地板模块材料选择、模块尺寸规格、模块加工过程和模块安装方式等方面的研究,并对储热地板模块的热学特性进行计算与分析。
(2)隔热底板制作,用三层木胶合板为上下盖板,周围用木条封边,中间填充隔热保温材料,对隔热保温材料种类、性能进行筛选,用导热系数测试仪对多种隔热保温材料进行试验,并对试验结果进行优化。
研究结果表明,比例为XB-1/XB-2/TJ(100/50/100)的复合相变材料热含量和导热系数可满足要求。同时以膨胀珍珠岩为载体,用水泥进行定型、封边,解决了相变材料在相变过程中的渗漏等问题,同时该研究成功地设计并制造出复合地板模块样品。地板模块样品用挤塑板做隔热底板的保温材料热损失最少,而热源温度在60-70℃时,地板模块的吸热量最大。通过试验结果分析,对模块结构、隔热材料、相变材料等因素与该复合地板的储能缓释性能的关系进行了探讨。
试验结果证明,该复合地板的储热性能和保温缓释性能良好,可行性高；加工与安装简便。
To achieve efficient use of energy, The developed a kind of module floor with thermal storage and heat-release function. For this module floor, hot air converted from solar energy is heat source, and phase change material is thermal storage carrier. Following the principles of standardization and normalization processing, this module floor could achieve a balanced indoor heating. The structures and thermal and mechanic characteristics of this floor were investigated, and its heat storage, heat release characteristics were discussed, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the actual production. The research mainly includes:
1、Development of phase change materials
Including the type and characteristics of phase change materials, selection of phase change material, development of new phase-change materials, phase transition temperature of the new developed-phase-change material, potential heat and other characteristics, development of composite phase change materials:
(1) The phase change material (XB-1) and phase change materials (XB-2) were mixed according to a certain mass ratio before the phase transition temperature was detected.
(2) Based on the mixture of XB-1and XB-2, A certain amount of additive (TJ-1) were applied, increasing the enthalpy value of phase change material and improving its thermal conductivity.
(3) Phase-change material was filled in a selected porous material to gain a composite phase-change material. The best processing parameters for complexing were determined by test methods such as infer.
(4) A best sealant material was found by sealing the composite phase change material with different material.
(5) for Thermal analysis, electron microscopy characterization and surface area and porosity analysis were carried out on the composite phase change materials, and the correlation coefficient was determined.
2、The structural design of floor module
(1) Materials for the floor module were choosen, the module size, the maching process, and installation process were studied. At the same time, thermal characteristics of the heat storage floor module were calculated and analyzed.
(2) Floor insulation was made. Three-layer plywood were used as the up and down cover, wood strips were around the edge, and the inner space was filled with thermal insulation material. Different thermal insulation materials were tested on a conductivity tester, and the best was choosen according to insulation effects.
Results showed that:thermal conductivity and heat content of composite phase change materials which has a mass ration of XB-1/XB-2/TJ=(100/50/100) reached the requirements. At the same time, when expanded perlite was used as the carrier, cement was utilized for shaping and edging, problems of phase change material the solid liquid phase change process issues were successfully solved, for instance, leakage no longer occurred easily. At the same time composite floor sample module were to designed and manufactured. When extruded insulation board was used as the insulation floor, least heat was lost, and the heat source temperature is about60-70℃, the floor module could absorb most heat. Effects of structure, insulation materials, water temperature, and phase change materials on the heat storage and heat release performance of this floor were learned.
Results showed that:this composite floor has good hear storage and heat release properties; its application is feasibile, whilt its processing and installation are relatively simple. Meanwhile, the experiment also suggested a limited endothermic capacity and a low hear transfer rate of this composite floor.
引文
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