质量、环境和职业健康安全整合型管理体系研究
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摘要
随着全球经济一体化进程的加快,特别是中国加入WTO之后,企业面临越来越多的管理标准的要求,建立质量、环境、职业健康安全管理体系是企业的迫切需求。但每个管理体系都只是企业整个管理体系的一个组成部分,存在很多共性,如果单独建立、单独运行、单独实行认证,势必带来资源浪费和管理效率低下等问题。因此,将多个管理体系进行整合,建立和实施整合型管理体系是当今企业现代化管理所需探讨的一个课题。
本文通过对ISO9001、ISO14001和OHSAS18001三套标准进行分析研究,提出管理体系整合的理论依据和现实要求。根据国内外研究现状,结合国内实际情况,提出三体系整合的模式与方法。并结合HYJL公司实例,对企业建立和实施整合型管理体系的方法、步骤进行了探讨。构建了整合型管理体系有效性的评价指标体系,运用层次分析法和模糊综合评价法对企业整合型管理体系的有效性进行了评价,并提出了提高整合型管理体系有效性的对策与建议。对企业建立和实施整合型管理体系有一定的借鉴和参考价值。
With the acceleration of the World Economic Integration, especially after China entered WTO, enterprises are facing more and more requirements on management standards, so setting up an integrated system of Quality, Environment and Health has become an urgent demand of all enterprises. But each management system is just a part of the whole management system, existing a lot of intercommunity. If we establish alone, run alone and implement alone them, a lot of resources must been certainly wasted and making the management unefficient. Therefore, whether the enterprises are able to combine many management systems, establish and implement an integrated management system is a question for discussion.
This paper has a research on the ISO9001, ISO14001 and OHSAS18001, putting forward the theoretical and the realistic demands to establish the integrated management systems. The module and method of three integrated systems has been put forward according to the study domestically and abroad combined with characteristics of the enterprises in our country. In this paper, the methods and steps of establishing and integrating enterprises' management system have been discussed and analysized with a real case of HYJL Co. Then, the evaluation index system of integrated management system validity has been constructed, the validity of HYJL Co.'s integrated management system had been evaluated through the analytic Hierarchy process and the Fuzzy synthetic evaluation and the countermeasures and advice of improving the validity of integrated management system have been put forward as a result of which they provide the reference meaning for organizations to establish and implement the integrated management system.
本文通过对ISO9001、ISO14001和OHSAS18001三套标准进行分析研究,提出管理体系整合的理论依据和现实要求。根据国内外研究现状,结合国内实际情况,提出三体系整合的模式与方法。并结合HYJL公司实例,对企业建立和实施整合型管理体系的方法、步骤进行了探讨。构建了整合型管理体系有效性的评价指标体系,运用层次分析法和模糊综合评价法对企业整合型管理体系的有效性进行了评价,并提出了提高整合型管理体系有效性的对策与建议。对企业建立和实施整合型管理体系有一定的借鉴和参考价值。
With the acceleration of the World Economic Integration, especially after China entered WTO, enterprises are facing more and more requirements on management standards, so setting up an integrated system of Quality, Environment and Health has become an urgent demand of all enterprises. But each management system is just a part of the whole management system, existing a lot of intercommunity. If we establish alone, run alone and implement alone them, a lot of resources must been certainly wasted and making the management unefficient. Therefore, whether the enterprises are able to combine many management systems, establish and implement an integrated management system is a question for discussion.
This paper has a research on the ISO9001, ISO14001 and OHSAS18001, putting forward the theoretical and the realistic demands to establish the integrated management systems. The module and method of three integrated systems has been put forward according to the study domestically and abroad combined with characteristics of the enterprises in our country. In this paper, the methods and steps of establishing and integrating enterprises' management system have been discussed and analysized with a real case of HYJL Co. Then, the evaluation index system of integrated management system validity has been constructed, the validity of HYJL Co.'s integrated management system had been evaluated through the analytic Hierarchy process and the Fuzzy synthetic evaluation and the countermeasures and advice of improving the validity of integrated management system have been put forward as a result of which they provide the reference meaning for organizations to establish and implement the integrated management system.
引文
[1]杨德生,光耀华.IS09001 IS014001 OHSAS18001一体化管理体系及内审员培训教程[M].第1版.北京:中国标准出版社,2004
[2]韩之俊,许前,钟晓芳.质量管理[M].第2版.北京:科学出版社,2007
[3]文放怀.新编IS014001标准理解与应用[M].第1版.广州:广东经济出版社,2006
[4]杨启善.一体化管理体系的建立和实施[J].世界标准化与质量管理.2001(10):4-6
[5]黄进.质量环境安全一体化管理体系实施精要[M].第1版.北京:中国标准出版,2004
[6]文放怀.新编IS09001标准理解与应用[M].第1版.广州:广东经济出版社,2006
[7]赵晶,张延珍,陈宏光.浅谈环境管理体系与企业清洁生产[J].中国环境管理干部学院学报.2007(1):34-36
[8]马良.环境、职业健康安全整合体系监视和测量常见问题分析[J].中国质量认证.2003(12):46-47
[9]翟中祥.建筑企业质量、环境、职业健康安全一体化管理体系的设计[J].铁道技术监督.2007(3):13-15
[10]杨永华.现代管理体系认证实施指南[M].第1版.北京:中国计量出版社,2004
[11]刘宗斌.国际认证标准管理体系文件简约化[M].第1版.北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[12]王宏.关于管理体系整合及运行探讨[J].石油工业技术监督.2005(2):8-12
[13]黄艳芳.一体化管理体系的建立[J].企业标准化.2007(3):42-44
[14]刘祖文,朱易春,宋存义.整合型管理体系及其在现代管理中的定位[J].工业卫生与职业病.2004(3):188-191
[15]唐敏康,张永亮,刘祖文.论质量、环境和职业安全健康管理体系一体化[J].山东建筑工程学院学报.2000(4):47-49
[16]田丽萍.浅谈建立三位一体化管理体系的重要性[J].山西建筑.2006(24):210-211
[17]朱识广,余雪洁.质量、环境和安全卫生体系整合模式的选择[J].上海质量,2002(2):28-30
[18]方剑秋.QHSE管理体系与现代管理思想[J].石油工业技术监督.2000(11):15-16
[19]李君.建筑企业“三和一”管理体系建立与运作的探讨[J].建筑经济.2003(3):16-18
[20]任建斌.施工企业质量、环境、职业健康安全一体化体系文件的探讨[J].水力发电.2006(4):17-19
[21]朱小莉.一体化管理体系实践与研究[J].中国质量.2002(4):18-22
[22]徐小龙,何军.管理体系一体化整合问题探析[J].世界标准化与质量管理.2007(2):40-41
[23]温德成,张守真,刘永贵.质量管理体系的有效性控制[M].第1版.北京:中国计量出版社,2004
[24]余远航.一体化管理体系有效性的评价理论与方法[J].质量春秋.2007(2):20-21
[25]杜学美,尤建新.一体化管理体系有效性评价研究[J].同济大学学报.2007(2):280-286
[26]王雪荣,韩之俊.管理体系整合及综合评价方法研究[D].博士论文.南京理工大学,2005
[27]方宝龙.一体化审核员通用教程[M].第1版.北京:中国计量出版社,2005
[28]杜栋,庞庆华.现代综合评价方法与案例精选[M].第1版.北京:清华大学出版社,2005
[29]陈衍泰,陈国宏,李美娟.综合评价方法分类及研究进展[J].管理科学学报.2004(7):69-79
[30]宋华明,韩玉启.PDCA模式下的一体化管理体系[J].世界标准化与质量管理.2002(2):10-12
[31]陈为文.质量管理、职业安全健康和环境管理三体系的整合[J].中国职业安全卫生管理体系认证.2004(1):39-40
[32]彭冬芝,覃容.论“三标”管理体系与企业标准体系的整合[J].企业活力.2007(3):39-40
[33]王雪梅.质量、环境和职业健康安全管理体系的整合研究[D].硕士学位论文.南京理工大学,2006
[34]上海质量管理科学研究院3+1课题组.卓越绩效模式与管理体系的整合[J].中国质量认证.2006(8):44-49
[35]赵懿秋.质量、环境、职业健康安全管理体系一体化研究[D].硕士学位论文.南京理工大学,2004
[36]孟琰霆,龙少良.六西格玛在管理体系一体化中的应用.上海质量.2006(6):70-73
[37] Von Ahsen A,Funck D. Integrated management system-opportunities and risks for corporate environmental protection[J]. Corporate Environmental Strategy. 2001(2): 165-176
[38] Wilkinson G,Dale B G. Models of management system standards: A review of the integration issues[J]. International Journal of Management Reviews. 2001(3):278-279
[39] Karapetrovic S. Musings on integrated management systems[J]. The TQM Magazine. 2003(1): 4
[40] Stanislaw Karepetrovic,Walter Willborn. Integration of quality environmental management systems[J]. The TQM Magazine. 1998(10):204-213
[41] Z.Irani,A.Beskese, P.E.D.Love. Total quality management and corporate culture: constructs of organisational excellence[J]. Technovation. 2004(24): 1-8
[42] Gerard I.J.M.Zwetsloot. Improving cleaner production by integration into the management of quality, environment and work conditions[J]. Butterworth. 1995(1-2): 61-66
[43] Suzanne S.Masterson.M,Susan Taylor. Total Quality Management and Performance Appraisal: An Integrative Perspective[J]. Journal of Quality Management. 1996(1): 3-30
[44] Winder C. Integrating OHS, envimnmental, and quality management standards[J]. Quality Assurance. 2000(8): 10
[45] Kevin Linderman,Kathleen E.McKone-Sweet,John C.Anderson. An integrated systems approach to process controland maintenance[J]. European Journal of Operational Research. 2005(6):324-340
[46] Alena Labodova. Implementing integrated management systems using a risk analysis based approach[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2004(12):571-580
[47] Tine H.J gensen,Arne Remmen,M.Dolores Mellado. Integrated management systems three different levels of integration[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production 2006(14): 713-722
[48] GWikinson,BG Dale. Integrated management systems.an examination of the concept and theory[J]. The TQM Magazine. 1999(11):95-104
[49] Christian Bonk-Kassner,Jurgen Ehman,Gudrun Gallhoff,David S.Moor,Barbara Moos,Bernd Siegemund. Integration of parallel-operating quality systems[J]. Accreditation and Quality Assurance. 1997(2):285-293
[50] Klein G. Standardization strategy from a European perspective[J]. International Journal of Medical Informatics. 1998(3):67
[51]Antero Honkasalo.Occupational health and safety and environmental management systems[J].Environmental Science & Policy.2000(3):39-45
[52]侯建增.质量、环境、职业健康安全管理体系关联性与整合研究[D].硕士学位论文.天津大学,2003
[53]齐士博.六西格玛管理与质量管理体系整合研究.衡水学院学报[J].2006(4):28-30
[54]Noble M T.Organizational mastery with integrated management systems:Controlling the dragon[M].New York:John Wiley&Sons Inc,2000
[2]韩之俊,许前,钟晓芳.质量管理[M].第2版.北京:科学出版社,2007
[3]文放怀.新编IS014001标准理解与应用[M].第1版.广州:广东经济出版社,2006
[4]杨启善.一体化管理体系的建立和实施[J].世界标准化与质量管理.2001(10):4-6
[5]黄进.质量环境安全一体化管理体系实施精要[M].第1版.北京:中国标准出版,2004
[6]文放怀.新编IS09001标准理解与应用[M].第1版.广州:广东经济出版社,2006
[7]赵晶,张延珍,陈宏光.浅谈环境管理体系与企业清洁生产[J].中国环境管理干部学院学报.2007(1):34-36
[8]马良.环境、职业健康安全整合体系监视和测量常见问题分析[J].中国质量认证.2003(12):46-47
[9]翟中祥.建筑企业质量、环境、职业健康安全一体化管理体系的设计[J].铁道技术监督.2007(3):13-15
[10]杨永华.现代管理体系认证实施指南[M].第1版.北京:中国计量出版社,2004
[11]刘宗斌.国际认证标准管理体系文件简约化[M].第1版.北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[12]王宏.关于管理体系整合及运行探讨[J].石油工业技术监督.2005(2):8-12
[13]黄艳芳.一体化管理体系的建立[J].企业标准化.2007(3):42-44
[14]刘祖文,朱易春,宋存义.整合型管理体系及其在现代管理中的定位[J].工业卫生与职业病.2004(3):188-191
[15]唐敏康,张永亮,刘祖文.论质量、环境和职业安全健康管理体系一体化[J].山东建筑工程学院学报.2000(4):47-49
[16]田丽萍.浅谈建立三位一体化管理体系的重要性[J].山西建筑.2006(24):210-211
[17]朱识广,余雪洁.质量、环境和安全卫生体系整合模式的选择[J].上海质量,2002(2):28-30
[18]方剑秋.QHSE管理体系与现代管理思想[J].石油工业技术监督.2000(11):15-16
[19]李君.建筑企业“三和一”管理体系建立与运作的探讨[J].建筑经济.2003(3):16-18
[20]任建斌.施工企业质量、环境、职业健康安全一体化体系文件的探讨[J].水力发电.2006(4):17-19
[21]朱小莉.一体化管理体系实践与研究[J].中国质量.2002(4):18-22
[22]徐小龙,何军.管理体系一体化整合问题探析[J].世界标准化与质量管理.2007(2):40-41
[23]温德成,张守真,刘永贵.质量管理体系的有效性控制[M].第1版.北京:中国计量出版社,2004
[24]余远航.一体化管理体系有效性的评价理论与方法[J].质量春秋.2007(2):20-21
[25]杜学美,尤建新.一体化管理体系有效性评价研究[J].同济大学学报.2007(2):280-286
[26]王雪荣,韩之俊.管理体系整合及综合评价方法研究[D].博士论文.南京理工大学,2005
[27]方宝龙.一体化审核员通用教程[M].第1版.北京:中国计量出版社,2005
[28]杜栋,庞庆华.现代综合评价方法与案例精选[M].第1版.北京:清华大学出版社,2005
[29]陈衍泰,陈国宏,李美娟.综合评价方法分类及研究进展[J].管理科学学报.2004(7):69-79
[30]宋华明,韩玉启.PDCA模式下的一体化管理体系[J].世界标准化与质量管理.2002(2):10-12
[31]陈为文.质量管理、职业安全健康和环境管理三体系的整合[J].中国职业安全卫生管理体系认证.2004(1):39-40
[32]彭冬芝,覃容.论“三标”管理体系与企业标准体系的整合[J].企业活力.2007(3):39-40
[33]王雪梅.质量、环境和职业健康安全管理体系的整合研究[D].硕士学位论文.南京理工大学,2006
[34]上海质量管理科学研究院3+1课题组.卓越绩效模式与管理体系的整合[J].中国质量认证.2006(8):44-49
[35]赵懿秋.质量、环境、职业健康安全管理体系一体化研究[D].硕士学位论文.南京理工大学,2004
[36]孟琰霆,龙少良.六西格玛在管理体系一体化中的应用.上海质量.2006(6):70-73
[37] Von Ahsen A,Funck D. Integrated management system-opportunities and risks for corporate environmental protection[J]. Corporate Environmental Strategy. 2001(2): 165-176
[38] Wilkinson G,Dale B G. Models of management system standards: A review of the integration issues[J]. International Journal of Management Reviews. 2001(3):278-279
[39] Karapetrovic S. Musings on integrated management systems[J]. The TQM Magazine. 2003(1): 4
[40] Stanislaw Karepetrovic,Walter Willborn. Integration of quality environmental management systems[J]. The TQM Magazine. 1998(10):204-213
[41] Z.Irani,A.Beskese, P.E.D.Love. Total quality management and corporate culture: constructs of organisational excellence[J]. Technovation. 2004(24): 1-8
[42] Gerard I.J.M.Zwetsloot. Improving cleaner production by integration into the management of quality, environment and work conditions[J]. Butterworth. 1995(1-2): 61-66
[43] Suzanne S.Masterson.M,Susan Taylor. Total Quality Management and Performance Appraisal: An Integrative Perspective[J]. Journal of Quality Management. 1996(1): 3-30
[44] Winder C. Integrating OHS, envimnmental, and quality management standards[J]. Quality Assurance. 2000(8): 10
[45] Kevin Linderman,Kathleen E.McKone-Sweet,John C.Anderson. An integrated systems approach to process controland maintenance[J]. European Journal of Operational Research. 2005(6):324-340
[46] Alena Labodova. Implementing integrated management systems using a risk analysis based approach[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2004(12):571-580
[47] Tine H.J gensen,Arne Remmen,M.Dolores Mellado. Integrated management systems three different levels of integration[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production 2006(14): 713-722
[48] GWikinson,BG Dale. Integrated management systems.an examination of the concept and theory[J]. The TQM Magazine. 1999(11):95-104
[49] Christian Bonk-Kassner,Jurgen Ehman,Gudrun Gallhoff,David S.Moor,Barbara Moos,Bernd Siegemund. Integration of parallel-operating quality systems[J]. Accreditation and Quality Assurance. 1997(2):285-293
[50] Klein G. Standardization strategy from a European perspective[J]. International Journal of Medical Informatics. 1998(3):67
[51]Antero Honkasalo.Occupational health and safety and environmental management systems[J].Environmental Science & Policy.2000(3):39-45
[52]侯建增.质量、环境、职业健康安全管理体系关联性与整合研究[D].硕士学位论文.天津大学,2003
[53]齐士博.六西格玛管理与质量管理体系整合研究.衡水学院学报[J].2006(4):28-30
[54]Noble M T.Organizational mastery with integrated management systems:Controlling the dragon[M].New York:John Wiley&Sons Inc,2000