针对泰国学生的基本汉字100字教学设计
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摘要
随着中国国际地位的提高,世界各国、各地区学习汉语的人越来越多,对外汉语教学方兴未艾。对外推广汉语及其承载的中华文化建设的重要任务。我到有关国家和地区从事教学和调查研究后发现,世界各地编写的对外汉语教材数量众多,为教学提供用书,作用很大。但是现有的很多教材缺乏理论指导,缺乏内在的有机联系,没有配套成龙,没有正确处理语言和言语的关系,不利于对外汉语教学的有效开展。国内外对外汉语教学界急需有现代语言学最新理论指导的、有内在有机练习的、配套成龙的系列教材。
汉字可能是外国人学习汉语的大难点。汉字繁杂的形式和庞大的数量,让很多外国学习者望而却步,当然教学方法不当可能也是原因之一。这篇论文希望能够从词结束你在汉字王国里徘徊不前的历史。我还精选了100多个最具代表性的汉字进行集中讲授和练习,每个字都附有读音、字形、笔画数、笔顺、泰语解释、组词,后期学习汉增加乐短句和篇章,希望通过它们来让学习者在最短的时间内掌握汉字的结构规律和使用规律。我们要通过汉字结构和汉字使用两个系统的学习,真正做到把汉字的学习与汉语的学习结合在一起,达到学汉字、会汉语的目的,这才是外国人学习汉字效率最高的方法。
With the advancement of China, the world's countries and regions more and more people learning the Chinese language, foreign language teaching in the ascendant. External promotion of Chinese culture and the Chinese hosts an important task. I went to the countries and regions engaged in teaching and research found that around the world prepared by the large number of foreign language teaching, for teaching book, play a great role. However, many existing theoretical guidance for the lack of teaching materials, lack of internal organic links, there is no supporting Jackie Chan, does not correctly handle the relationship between language and speech, is not conducive to the effective conduct of foreign language teaching. Foreign language teaching profession at home and abroad need the latest and modern linguistic theory to guide, there are inherent organic practice, parts of a whole series of textbooks.
The Chinese characters, or hanzi, can be a big headache for many foreign learners of Chinese, They may find themselves getting immediately lost in this enormous world of mysterious looking symbols, and begin to lose heart at the confusing structures of the strokes and the staggeering huge number of hanzi. Of couse, the fact that some Chinese teaching methods are not user-friendly may also contribute to their frustration. Don't let your enthussiasm about China be dousee by the seeming difficulty of its language, though,since now you have this useful guidebook at hand.Moreover, you can get to learn more than 100 most common Chinese characters with the help of ingeniously designed exercises.Each character comes with its pinyin(pronunciation), written form, number of strokes, order of strokes, Thai translation and relevant words. Simple sentences and short texts appear in later lessons. It is hoped that through this step-by-step approach you may understand how to write and use hanzi in an efficient and congenial way.The lessons in this book not only explain how hanzi are written structurally, but also illustrate how hai can be used in real-life contexts---perhaps that is the most effective way for you to learn hanzi.
汉字可能是外国人学习汉语的大难点。汉字繁杂的形式和庞大的数量,让很多外国学习者望而却步,当然教学方法不当可能也是原因之一。这篇论文希望能够从词结束你在汉字王国里徘徊不前的历史。我还精选了100多个最具代表性的汉字进行集中讲授和练习,每个字都附有读音、字形、笔画数、笔顺、泰语解释、组词,后期学习汉增加乐短句和篇章,希望通过它们来让学习者在最短的时间内掌握汉字的结构规律和使用规律。我们要通过汉字结构和汉字使用两个系统的学习,真正做到把汉字的学习与汉语的学习结合在一起,达到学汉字、会汉语的目的,这才是外国人学习汉字效率最高的方法。
With the advancement of China, the world's countries and regions more and more people learning the Chinese language, foreign language teaching in the ascendant. External promotion of Chinese culture and the Chinese hosts an important task. I went to the countries and regions engaged in teaching and research found that around the world prepared by the large number of foreign language teaching, for teaching book, play a great role. However, many existing theoretical guidance for the lack of teaching materials, lack of internal organic links, there is no supporting Jackie Chan, does not correctly handle the relationship between language and speech, is not conducive to the effective conduct of foreign language teaching. Foreign language teaching profession at home and abroad need the latest and modern linguistic theory to guide, there are inherent organic practice, parts of a whole series of textbooks.
The Chinese characters, or hanzi, can be a big headache for many foreign learners of Chinese, They may find themselves getting immediately lost in this enormous world of mysterious looking symbols, and begin to lose heart at the confusing structures of the strokes and the staggeering huge number of hanzi. Of couse, the fact that some Chinese teaching methods are not user-friendly may also contribute to their frustration. Don't let your enthussiasm about China be dousee by the seeming difficulty of its language, though,since now you have this useful guidebook at hand.Moreover, you can get to learn more than 100 most common Chinese characters with the help of ingeniously designed exercises.Each character comes with its pinyin(pronunciation), written form, number of strokes, order of strokes, Thai translation and relevant words. Simple sentences and short texts appear in later lessons. It is hoped that through this step-by-step approach you may understand how to write and use hanzi in an efficient and congenial way.The lessons in this book not only explain how hanzi are written structurally, but also illustrate how hai can be used in real-life contexts---perhaps that is the most effective way for you to learn hanzi.
引文
1.陈译文.初级阶段美国学生汉字学习策略的调查研究[D].华东师范大学.2009.
2.戴汝潜.汉字教与学[M].济南：山东教育出版社,1999.
3.冯丽平.汉字认识规律研究综述[J]世界汉语教学,1997(3)
4.胡文华.汉字与对外汉字教学[M].上海：学林出版社,2008
5.江新,赵果.初级阶段外国留学生汉字学习策略的调查研究[J].语言教学与研究,2001(4)
6.李金兰.泰国学生汉字习得途径和方法研究[D].南京师范大学.2004.
7.李蕊.汉字学习策略的介入性研究[J].云南师范大学学报(对外汉语教学与研究版),2009(5)
8.李荣.汉字的演变与汉字的将来[J].中国语文,1986(5)
9.李文治,岳维善,张永亮.字素拼合法在汉字教学中的作用[J].语言教学与研究,1984(2).
10.梁志明.古代东南亚历史与文化研究[C].北京：昆仑出版社,2006.
11.柳燕梅,江新.欧美学生汉字学习方法的实验研究——回忆默写法重复抄写法的比较[J].世界汉语教学,2003(1)
12.鲁川汉字信息语法学[M].济南：山东教育出版社,2008.
13.吕必松.汉字与教学研究论文选[C].北京：北京大学出版社,1999.
14.吕叔湘.语文近著[M]上海：上海教育出版社,1987.
15.马明艳.初级阶段非汉字圈留学生汉字学习策略的个案研究[J].世界汉语教学,2007(1).
16.孟华.汉字：汉语和华夏文明的内在形式[M].北京：中国社会科学出版社,2004.
17.潘文国.字本位与汉语研究[M].上海：华东师范大学出版社,2002.
18.任远.新一代基础汉语教材编写理论与实践[J].语言教学与研究,1995(2)
19.孙德金.对外汉字教学研究[M].北京：商务印书馆,2006.
20.万业馨.应用汉字学概要[M].合肥：安徽大学出版社,2005.
21.王建勤.第二语言习得研究[M].北京：商务印书馆,2009.
22.王骏.留学生汉字洗得的相关因素研究[J].语言教学与研究,2009(1)
23.王学作.汉字图表教学法浅淡[J].语言教学与研究,1980(1)
24.姚道中.中文教材与教学研究——刘月华教授荣退纪念论文集[C].北京：北京语言大学出版社,2006.
25.张静贤.关于编写对外汉字教材的思考[J].语言教学研究,1982(2)
26.张英俊.对越汉字教学法研究——字理识字教学法[D].华中师范大学.2008.
27.赵果,江新.什么样的汉字学习策略最有效[J].语言文字应用,2002(5)
28.赵金铭.汉语口语书面语教学[C].北京：北京大学出版社,2004.
.29.周健,尉万传.研究学习策略改进汉字教学[J].暨南大学华文学院学报,2004(1).
30.周健.汉字教学理论与方法[M].北京：北京大学出版社,2007
31. Ke, C. Effects of strategies on the learning of Chinese characters among foreign language studies[J]. Journal of the Chinese Language Tcechers Association.1982(2).
32. McGinnis, S. Student attitudes and apprpaches in the learning of written Chinese [C]. Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the America Association for Applied Linguistics. Long Beach, CA.1995.
2.戴汝潜.汉字教与学[M].济南：山东教育出版社,1999.
3.冯丽平.汉字认识规律研究综述[J]世界汉语教学,1997(3)
4.胡文华.汉字与对外汉字教学[M].上海：学林出版社,2008
5.江新,赵果.初级阶段外国留学生汉字学习策略的调查研究[J].语言教学与研究,2001(4)
6.李金兰.泰国学生汉字习得途径和方法研究[D].南京师范大学.2004.
7.李蕊.汉字学习策略的介入性研究[J].云南师范大学学报(对外汉语教学与研究版),2009(5)
8.李荣.汉字的演变与汉字的将来[J].中国语文,1986(5)
9.李文治,岳维善,张永亮.字素拼合法在汉字教学中的作用[J].语言教学与研究,1984(2).
10.梁志明.古代东南亚历史与文化研究[C].北京：昆仑出版社,2006.
11.柳燕梅,江新.欧美学生汉字学习方法的实验研究——回忆默写法重复抄写法的比较[J].世界汉语教学,2003(1)
12.鲁川汉字信息语法学[M].济南：山东教育出版社,2008.
13.吕必松.汉字与教学研究论文选[C].北京：北京大学出版社,1999.
14.吕叔湘.语文近著[M]上海：上海教育出版社,1987.
15.马明艳.初级阶段非汉字圈留学生汉字学习策略的个案研究[J].世界汉语教学,2007(1).
16.孟华.汉字：汉语和华夏文明的内在形式[M].北京：中国社会科学出版社,2004.
17.潘文国.字本位与汉语研究[M].上海：华东师范大学出版社,2002.
18.任远.新一代基础汉语教材编写理论与实践[J].语言教学与研究,1995(2)
19.孙德金.对外汉字教学研究[M].北京：商务印书馆,2006.
20.万业馨.应用汉字学概要[M].合肥：安徽大学出版社,2005.
21.王建勤.第二语言习得研究[M].北京：商务印书馆,2009.
22.王骏.留学生汉字洗得的相关因素研究[J].语言教学与研究,2009(1)
23.王学作.汉字图表教学法浅淡[J].语言教学与研究,1980(1)
24.姚道中.中文教材与教学研究——刘月华教授荣退纪念论文集[C].北京：北京语言大学出版社,2006.
25.张静贤.关于编写对外汉字教材的思考[J].语言教学研究,1982(2)
26.张英俊.对越汉字教学法研究——字理识字教学法[D].华中师范大学.2008.
27.赵果,江新.什么样的汉字学习策略最有效[J].语言文字应用,2002(5)
28.赵金铭.汉语口语书面语教学[C].北京：北京大学出版社,2004.
.29.周健,尉万传.研究学习策略改进汉字教学[J].暨南大学华文学院学报,2004(1).
30.周健.汉字教学理论与方法[M].北京：北京大学出版社,2007
31. Ke, C. Effects of strategies on the learning of Chinese characters among foreign language studies[J]. Journal of the Chinese Language Tcechers Association.1982(2).
32. McGinnis, S. Student attitudes and apprpaches in the learning of written Chinese [C]. Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the America Association for Applied Linguistics. Long Beach, CA.1995.