铁路大风区桥梁挡风屏抗风性能研究
|
摘要
新疆大风区自然条件恶劣,人烟稀少,多为戈壁,是我国乃至世界上铁路风灾最严重的地区之一,大风区内车辆脱轨、倾覆等事故时有发生。本论文基于流体力学基本理论,对兰新线桥梁挡风屏结构型式和气动参数进行研究。采用风洞试验与CFD数值计算相结合的方法,找到了较为优化的方案,并对高速列车的行车安全性进行了评价。
本文的主要内容包括以下几方面：
1)详细介绍了国内外关于在大风区桥梁挡风屏和列车气动性能的研究状况、研究成果。阐述了桥梁、挡风屏和列车截面气动力系数计算的基本理论和研究方法。
2)基于商业软件FLUENT强大的建模功能和分析处理平台,建立车-桥-屏系统的二维湍流绕流数值计算模型,分析了网格划分、湍流模型选取、边界条件设置及挡风屏高度与透风率等相关参数的设置和选取,由此获得列车在二维平面绕流情况下流场特性与车桥的气动力系数。
3)建立风洞试验模型,用不同比例的实际模型试验,研究挡风屏型式和挡风屏参数对列车气动力系数的影响,检验了数值模拟成果。
4)建立了三维的空间分析模型,研究不同挡风屏作用下列车气动力系数随车速的变化关系,并由此计算出了列车的倾覆临界风速。
Winds area in Xinjiang where the natural conditions are very bad,sparsely popu-lated and more for the gobi. It is one of the worst hit areas in our country and even the world railway cyclone. Winds area often produce car accidents,capsized derailment and so on. This paper based on the basic theory of fluid mechanics,to research the windshield structure and Aerodynamic parameters of railway bridge.
This paper mainly include the following a few work:
Firstly,introduced the research status and results on the winds area detailedly, which is about the bridges windshield and the train aerodynamic performance in winds area at home and abroad.expounded the basic theories and methods of the bridge, the windshield and the train to calculate the section aerodynamic force coeffi-cient.
Secondly, based on the business software FLUENT's powerful modelling func-tion and analysis platform, set up the car-bridge-screen system of two dimensional turbulent flow numerical calculation model, analyses the mesh,turbulent model, boundary conditions, windshield screen height and leak rate related parameter setting and selection, and obtain the flow characteristics and the aerodynamic of the train in two dimensional turbulent flow.
Furthermore, build the wind tunnel test model, with different proportion of prac-tical model test, to research the relationship between the screen type,the windshield parameters and the aerodynamic coefficient,and tests the numerical simulation results.
At last, Construct a three dimensional space analysis model to study the rela-tionship between several different conditions of train aerodynamic parameters with speed, and calculate the critical wind speed of train overturning.
本文的主要内容包括以下几方面：
1)详细介绍了国内外关于在大风区桥梁挡风屏和列车气动性能的研究状况、研究成果。阐述了桥梁、挡风屏和列车截面气动力系数计算的基本理论和研究方法。
2)基于商业软件FLUENT强大的建模功能和分析处理平台,建立车-桥-屏系统的二维湍流绕流数值计算模型,分析了网格划分、湍流模型选取、边界条件设置及挡风屏高度与透风率等相关参数的设置和选取,由此获得列车在二维平面绕流情况下流场特性与车桥的气动力系数。
3)建立风洞试验模型,用不同比例的实际模型试验,研究挡风屏型式和挡风屏参数对列车气动力系数的影响,检验了数值模拟成果。
4)建立了三维的空间分析模型,研究不同挡风屏作用下列车气动力系数随车速的变化关系,并由此计算出了列车的倾覆临界风速。
Winds area in Xinjiang where the natural conditions are very bad,sparsely popu-lated and more for the gobi. It is one of the worst hit areas in our country and even the world railway cyclone. Winds area often produce car accidents,capsized derailment and so on. This paper based on the basic theory of fluid mechanics,to research the windshield structure and Aerodynamic parameters of railway bridge.
This paper mainly include the following a few work:
Firstly,introduced the research status and results on the winds area detailedly, which is about the bridges windshield and the train aerodynamic performance in winds area at home and abroad.expounded the basic theories and methods of the bridge, the windshield and the train to calculate the section aerodynamic force coeffi-cient.
Secondly, based on the business software FLUENT's powerful modelling func-tion and analysis platform, set up the car-bridge-screen system of two dimensional turbulent flow numerical calculation model, analyses the mesh,turbulent model, boundary conditions, windshield screen height and leak rate related parameter setting and selection, and obtain the flow characteristics and the aerodynamic of the train in two dimensional turbulent flow.
Furthermore, build the wind tunnel test model, with different proportion of prac-tical model test, to research the relationship between the screen type,the windshield parameters and the aerodynamic coefficient,and tests the numerical simulation results.
At last, Construct a three dimensional space analysis model to study the rela-tionship between several different conditions of train aerodynamic parameters with speed, and calculate the critical wind speed of train overturning.
引文
[1]兰新铁路新疆有限公司.中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司.新建铁路兰州至乌鲁木齐第二双线防风综合技术措施研究阶段成果报告.[出版者不详].2012.
[2]李永乐.兰新铁路第二双线风灾统计与分析.西南交通大学桥梁工程系,2010.
[3]郑继平.南疆线桥梁挡风墙结构性能研究.西南交通大学硕士学位论文.2008.
[4]黄泰鑫.沿海铁路桥梁挡风墙抗风作用研究.中南大学硕士学位论文.2010.
[5]Khier,M.Breuer,F.Durs.Flow strucyure around trains under side wincondi-tiaos:anumerical study[J].Computers&Fluids,2000.
[6]小野纯朗.提高列车速度的理论和实践.徐涌译.中国铁道出版社,1992.
[7]日比野有.风对车辆安全性的影响(译).铁道总研报告.2008.
[8]C.J.Baker,N.D.Hunphreys. Assessment of the adequacy of various wind tunnel techniques to obtain aerodynamic data for ground vehicles in cross winds [J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamies,1996.
[9]C.J.Baker,J.Jones,F.Lopes-Calleja,J.Munday.Measurements of the cross wind forces on trains[J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamies,2004.
[10]P.Bradshaw.T.Cebeci,J.H.Whitelaw,Engineering Calculation Methods for Turbu-lent Flow. Academic Press,London,1981.
[11]Marzio Piller,Enrico Nobile,J.Thomas,DNS study of turbulent transport at low Prantl numbers in a channel flow. Journal of Fluid Mechanics,(458):419-441,2002.
[12]黄林.列车风与自然风联合作用下的车-桥耦合振动分析.西南交通大学博士学位论文.2007.
[13]尹永顺,王厚雄等.兰新复线防风安全工程研究报告.乌鲁木齐铁路局,1994.
[14]李喆.南疆改建二线桥梁上列车气动性能研究.中南大学.2008.
[15]高广军.强侧风作用下列车运行安全性研究.中南大学博士学位论文.2008.
[16]郗艳红,毛军等.强风中高速列车的行车安全性研究.中国安全科学学报.2010.
[17]高广军,田红旗等.兰新线强横风对车辆倾覆稳定性的影响.铁道学报.2004.
[18]张小刚,刘应清等.高速列车湍流绕流三维数值模拟研究.1996.
[19]朱婷.南疆铁路挡风墙工程设计.中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司.2009.
[20]陈政清.桥梁风工程.人民交通出版社.2005.
[21]唐煜.桥梁挡风屏对强侧风条件下列车运营安全性的影响.西南交通大学硕士学位论文.2010.
[22]江帆,黄鹏FLUENT高级应用与实例分析.清华大学出版社.2008.
[23]韩占忠,王敬等FLUENT流体工程仿真计算实例与分析.北京理工大学出版社.2009.
[24]陈涛.高速铁路桥梁风障设置对列车及主梁气动性能影响研究.中南大学硕士学位论文.2011.
[25]李佳圣.列车侧风效应的数值模拟研究.西南交通大学硕士学位论文.2004.
[26]王照伟.高速铁路空气动力学效应对隧道内附属设施的影响.中南大学硕士学位论文.2011.
[27]杨凡.蒸汽冷却叶片的数值模拟研究.哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文.2006.
[28]赵弦.循环流化床布风板的冷态模化试验及数值模拟.中国科学院工程热物理研究所.2005.
[29]陈品磊.环保水性涂料高效分散技术与装备研究.江南大学学位论文.2009.
[30]廷亮.铁路风吹雪灾害数值模拟及防治技术研究.兰州大学学位论文.2009.
[31]王照伟.高速铁路空气动力学效应对隧道内附属设施的影响.中南大学硕士学位论.2011.
[32]张振宁.通用小型汽油机进排气过程优化及燃烧分析.江苏大学硕士学位论文.2011.
[33]段少帅.双控防爆电磁换向阀流场的可视化研究.太原理工大学硕士学位论文.2010.
[34]武永刚.催化—高辐射壁促进高炉煤气高效燃烧的研究.辽宁科技大学硕士学位论文.2007.
[35]刘太楷.板坯结晶器内偏流及夹杂物去除的数值模拟.上海大学硕士学位论文.2010.
[36]刘俊.摆式列车过曲线空气动力学特性研究.西南交通大学博士学位论文.2004.
[37]许士军.横风环境下动车组倾覆稳定性研究.中南大学硕士学位论文.2009.
[38]Matsche G,Schulet-Werning B.Measure and Strategies to Minimize the Effect of Strong Cross winds on High Speed Trains.Proceedings of WCRR World Congress of Railway Research,Florence,Italy,1997.
[39]Coleman,S.A.Experimental Study of the Aerodynamic Behavior of High Sided Lorries in Cross Winds. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerody-namics,1994.
[40]Baker,C.J.Problems of Road Vehicles in Cross Wind.Highways and Transporta-tion,1991.
[41]Humphrey,N.D.Forces on Vehicles in Cross Winds from Moving Model Tests Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,1992.
[42]Huber Th.and Schute-werning B.Computational flow simulation for Railway Configurations,Proceedings of the World Congress of Railway Research WCRR's,1997
[43]Kronke I.and Sokel H.Model tests about cross wind effect on wagons in atmos-pheric boundary layers,Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynam-ics.1990.
[44]Hoppe C. and Grab M.Modeling of the dynamic running behavior of railwey vehicles under wind load,Transparencies for internal presentation,1999.
[45]P.Bradshaw.T.Cebeci,J.H.Whitelaw,Engineering Calculation Methods for Turbu lent Flow.Academic Press,London,1981.
[46]Marzio Piller,Enrico Nobile,J.Thomas,DNS study of turbulent transport at low Prantl numbers in a channel flow. Journal of Fluid Mechanics,:2002.
[47]Mary Ivan,Sagaut Pierre.Large eddy simulation of flow around an airfoil near stall.AIAA Journal,2002.
[48]D.G.E.Grigoriadis,J.G.Bartzis,A.Goulas,Efficient treatment of complex geomen tries for large eddy simulation of turbulent flows. Computers and Fluids,2004.
[49]L.Shen,D.K.P.Yue, Large-eddy simulation of free-surface turbulence. Journal of Fluid Mechanics,2001.
[50]李荧.兰新线百里风区不同型式挡风墙防风效果评估.铁道技术监督.2009.
[51]乌鲁木齐铁路局,中南大学.强风地区行车组织办法研究报告.2010.
[52]葛盛昌,蒋富强.兰新铁路强风地区风沙成因及挡风墙防风效果分析.铁道工程学报.2009.
[53]杨鑫炎,郑史雄.铁路路基挡风墙防风性能分析及方案比较.四川建筑.2004.
[54]李永乐,汪斌等.侧风作用下静动态车-桥系统气动特性数值模拟研究.土木工 程学报.2011.
[55]汪斌.基于CFD的车桥系统气动特性研究.西南交通大学.2009.
[2]李永乐.兰新铁路第二双线风灾统计与分析.西南交通大学桥梁工程系,2010.
[3]郑继平.南疆线桥梁挡风墙结构性能研究.西南交通大学硕士学位论文.2008.
[4]黄泰鑫.沿海铁路桥梁挡风墙抗风作用研究.中南大学硕士学位论文.2010.
[5]Khier,M.Breuer,F.Durs.Flow strucyure around trains under side wincondi-tiaos:anumerical study[J].Computers&Fluids,2000.
[6]小野纯朗.提高列车速度的理论和实践.徐涌译.中国铁道出版社,1992.
[7]日比野有.风对车辆安全性的影响(译).铁道总研报告.2008.
[8]C.J.Baker,N.D.Hunphreys. Assessment of the adequacy of various wind tunnel techniques to obtain aerodynamic data for ground vehicles in cross winds [J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamies,1996.
[9]C.J.Baker,J.Jones,F.Lopes-Calleja,J.Munday.Measurements of the cross wind forces on trains[J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamies,2004.
[10]P.Bradshaw.T.Cebeci,J.H.Whitelaw,Engineering Calculation Methods for Turbu-lent Flow. Academic Press,London,1981.
[11]Marzio Piller,Enrico Nobile,J.Thomas,DNS study of turbulent transport at low Prantl numbers in a channel flow. Journal of Fluid Mechanics,(458):419-441,2002.
[12]黄林.列车风与自然风联合作用下的车-桥耦合振动分析.西南交通大学博士学位论文.2007.
[13]尹永顺,王厚雄等.兰新复线防风安全工程研究报告.乌鲁木齐铁路局,1994.
[14]李喆.南疆改建二线桥梁上列车气动性能研究.中南大学.2008.
[15]高广军.强侧风作用下列车运行安全性研究.中南大学博士学位论文.2008.
[16]郗艳红,毛军等.强风中高速列车的行车安全性研究.中国安全科学学报.2010.
[17]高广军,田红旗等.兰新线强横风对车辆倾覆稳定性的影响.铁道学报.2004.
[18]张小刚,刘应清等.高速列车湍流绕流三维数值模拟研究.1996.
[19]朱婷.南疆铁路挡风墙工程设计.中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司.2009.
[20]陈政清.桥梁风工程.人民交通出版社.2005.
[21]唐煜.桥梁挡风屏对强侧风条件下列车运营安全性的影响.西南交通大学硕士学位论文.2010.
[22]江帆,黄鹏FLUENT高级应用与实例分析.清华大学出版社.2008.
[23]韩占忠,王敬等FLUENT流体工程仿真计算实例与分析.北京理工大学出版社.2009.
[24]陈涛.高速铁路桥梁风障设置对列车及主梁气动性能影响研究.中南大学硕士学位论文.2011.
[25]李佳圣.列车侧风效应的数值模拟研究.西南交通大学硕士学位论文.2004.
[26]王照伟.高速铁路空气动力学效应对隧道内附属设施的影响.中南大学硕士学位论文.2011.
[27]杨凡.蒸汽冷却叶片的数值模拟研究.哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文.2006.
[28]赵弦.循环流化床布风板的冷态模化试验及数值模拟.中国科学院工程热物理研究所.2005.
[29]陈品磊.环保水性涂料高效分散技术与装备研究.江南大学学位论文.2009.
[30]廷亮.铁路风吹雪灾害数值模拟及防治技术研究.兰州大学学位论文.2009.
[31]王照伟.高速铁路空气动力学效应对隧道内附属设施的影响.中南大学硕士学位论.2011.
[32]张振宁.通用小型汽油机进排气过程优化及燃烧分析.江苏大学硕士学位论文.2011.
[33]段少帅.双控防爆电磁换向阀流场的可视化研究.太原理工大学硕士学位论文.2010.
[34]武永刚.催化—高辐射壁促进高炉煤气高效燃烧的研究.辽宁科技大学硕士学位论文.2007.
[35]刘太楷.板坯结晶器内偏流及夹杂物去除的数值模拟.上海大学硕士学位论文.2010.
[36]刘俊.摆式列车过曲线空气动力学特性研究.西南交通大学博士学位论文.2004.
[37]许士军.横风环境下动车组倾覆稳定性研究.中南大学硕士学位论文.2009.
[38]Matsche G,Schulet-Werning B.Measure and Strategies to Minimize the Effect of Strong Cross winds on High Speed Trains.Proceedings of WCRR World Congress of Railway Research,Florence,Italy,1997.
[39]Coleman,S.A.Experimental Study of the Aerodynamic Behavior of High Sided Lorries in Cross Winds. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerody-namics,1994.
[40]Baker,C.J.Problems of Road Vehicles in Cross Wind.Highways and Transporta-tion,1991.
[41]Humphrey,N.D.Forces on Vehicles in Cross Winds from Moving Model Tests Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,1992.
[42]Huber Th.and Schute-werning B.Computational flow simulation for Railway Configurations,Proceedings of the World Congress of Railway Research WCRR's,1997
[43]Kronke I.and Sokel H.Model tests about cross wind effect on wagons in atmos-pheric boundary layers,Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynam-ics.1990.
[44]Hoppe C. and Grab M.Modeling of the dynamic running behavior of railwey vehicles under wind load,Transparencies for internal presentation,1999.
[45]P.Bradshaw.T.Cebeci,J.H.Whitelaw,Engineering Calculation Methods for Turbu lent Flow.Academic Press,London,1981.
[46]Marzio Piller,Enrico Nobile,J.Thomas,DNS study of turbulent transport at low Prantl numbers in a channel flow. Journal of Fluid Mechanics,:2002.
[47]Mary Ivan,Sagaut Pierre.Large eddy simulation of flow around an airfoil near stall.AIAA Journal,2002.
[48]D.G.E.Grigoriadis,J.G.Bartzis,A.Goulas,Efficient treatment of complex geomen tries for large eddy simulation of turbulent flows. Computers and Fluids,2004.
[49]L.Shen,D.K.P.Yue, Large-eddy simulation of free-surface turbulence. Journal of Fluid Mechanics,2001.
[50]李荧.兰新线百里风区不同型式挡风墙防风效果评估.铁道技术监督.2009.
[51]乌鲁木齐铁路局,中南大学.强风地区行车组织办法研究报告.2010.
[52]葛盛昌,蒋富强.兰新铁路强风地区风沙成因及挡风墙防风效果分析.铁道工程学报.2009.
[53]杨鑫炎,郑史雄.铁路路基挡风墙防风性能分析及方案比较.四川建筑.2004.
[54]李永乐,汪斌等.侧风作用下静动态车-桥系统气动特性数值模拟研究.土木工 程学报.2011.
[55]汪斌.基于CFD的车桥系统气动特性研究.西南交通大学.2009.