石家庄恒牙期青少年Bolton指数的测量分析及正常Bolton指数比率分析直角坐标图的建立
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摘要
目的:通过对石家庄恒牙期青少年患者牙牙合记存模型的测量分析,了解石家庄地区安氏I、II、III类错牙合患者Bolton指数的性别差异、组间差异、人数分布规律及Bolton指数不正常人数比率,得出正常Bolton指数上下颌牙量间的线性回归关系,建立上下颌牙量间正常Bolton指数比率分析直角坐标图,为临床应用Bolton指数分析提供一种更为简洁、直观的方法。
方法:选取符合要求的石家庄恒牙期青少年正畸患者的安氏I类、II类、III类记存模型,共计972例,由专人用游标卡尺对模型的上下颌第一恒磨牙到对侧第一恒磨牙共二十四颗牙每牙最大近远中径进行测量。将所测量数值输入计算机并计算所有模型的Bolton指数,以中国人正常Bolton指数(前牙比为78.8%士1.72%,全牙比为91.5%士1.51%)为标准,Bolton指数介于均值加减一个标准差范围内者为Bolton指数正常,大于均值加一个标准差者为Bolton指数增加,小于均值减一个标准差者为Bolton指数减小,对测量数据进行相应的统计学分析,比较安氏I类、II类、III类错牙合患者Bolton指数的性别差异、组间差异、人数分布规律、Bolton指数不正常人数比率及正常Bolton指数上下颌牙量间的线性回归关系,用Metlab软件建立上下颌牙量间正常Bolton指数比率分析直角坐标图。
结果:
1前牙比值、全牙比值分析
1.1性别差异
1.1.1前牙比:安氏I类、II类错牙合显示女性大于男性,但性别间无显著差异(P>0.05、P>0.05)。安氏III类错牙合显示男性大于女性,性别间亦无显著性差异(P>0.05)。
1.1.2全牙比:安氏I类、II类、III类错牙合均为男性大于女性,但性别间无显著性差异(P>0.05、P>0.05、P>0.05)。
1.2组间差异:前牙比为安氏II类>安氏I类>安氏III类;全牙比为安氏III类>安氏I类>安氏II类,但前牙比及全牙比在安氏各类错牙合组间均无显著性差异(P>0.05,P>0.05)。
2人数分布
2.1组内差异
2.1.1前牙比人数分布:安氏I、II、III类错牙合均呈现如下显著性趋势:Bolton指数正常者人数最多,其次为Bolton指数减小者,Bolton指数增加者人数最少(P<0.01、P<0.01、P<0.01)。
2.1.2全牙比人数分布:安氏I、III类错牙合均呈现如下显著性趋势:Bolton指数正常者人数最多,其次为Bolton指数增加者,Bolton指数减小者人数最少(P<0.01、P<0.01),而安氏II类呈现Bolton指数正常者人数最多,其次为Bolton指数减小者,Bolton指数增加者人数最少的显著性趋势(P<0.01)。
2.2 Bolton指数不正常人数比率的组间差异:前牙比及全牙比Bolton指数不正常人数比率在各组间均无显著性差异(P>0.05,P>0.05)。
2.3错牙合总样本的Bolton指数不正常人数比率:本样本972名病例中,前牙Bolton指数正常者占52.67%,减小者占28.81%,增加者占18.52%,显示前牙比Bolton指数不正常者比率为47.33%;全牙Bolton指数正常者占61.32%,减小者占18.62%,增加者占20.06%,显示全牙比Bolton指数不正常者比率为38.68%。
3正常Bolton指数的上下颌牙量间线性回归关系分析
3.1正常前牙比
3.1.1组内性别差异:安氏I、II、III类错牙合各组正常前牙比的男性及女性上下颌前牙量间均存在显著性线性回归关系(安氏I、II、III类正常前牙比男性:回归系数P<0.01、P<0.01、P<0.01;安氏I、II、III类正常前牙比女性:回归系数P<0.01、P<0.01、P<0.01),且该线性回归关系在性别间无显著性差异(安氏I类性别之间group*上前牙量P>0.05, group P>0.05;安氏II类性别之间group*上前牙量P>0.05, group P>0.05;安氏III类性别之间group*上前牙量P>0.05, group P>0.05);
3.1.2组间差异:正常前牙比上下颌前牙量间的线性回归关系在安氏I、II、III类组间比较无显著性差异(group*上前牙量P>0.05,group P>0.05)。
3.2正常全牙比
3.2.1组内性别差异:安氏I、II、III类各错牙合组正常全牙比的男性及女性上下颌全牙量间均存在显著性线性回归关系(安氏I、II、III类正常全牙比男性:回归系数P<0.01、P<0.01、P<0.01;安氏I、II、III类正常全牙比女性:回归系数P<0.01、P<0.01、P<0.01),且该线性回归关系在性别间无显著性差异(安氏I类性别之间group*上全牙量P>0.05, group P>0.05;安氏II类性别之间group*上全牙量P>0.05, group P>0.05;安氏III类性别之间group*上全牙量P>0.05, group P>0.05);
3.2.2组间差异:正常全牙比上下颌全牙量间的线性回归关系在安氏I、II、III类组间比较无显著性差异(group*上全牙量P>0.05,group P>0.05)。
4正常Bolton指数上下颌牙量间线性回归方程:
4.1正常前牙比上下颌牙量间线性回归方程:正常前牙比的上下颌前牙量间存在显著性线性回归关系(回归系数P<0.05),线性回归方程:Y1=0.776X1+0.612,(X1代表上颌前牙量,Y1代表下颌前牙量)。
4.2正常全牙比上下颌牙量间线性回归方程:正常全牙比的上下颌全牙量间存在显著性线性回归关系(回归系数P<0.05),线性回归方程:Y2=0.899X2+1.661,(X2代表上颌全牙量,Y2代表下颌全牙量)。
5上下颌牙量间正常Bolton指数比率分析直角坐标图的建立(见Fig 10,Fig 11)。
结论:1安氏各类错牙合Bolton指数的前牙比及全牙比值均无显著性性别差异。
2安氏I、II、III类错牙合Bolton指数的前牙比正常者人数最多,减小者最少。安氏I、II、III类错牙合Bolton指数的全牙比正常者人数最多,安氏I、III类错牙合Bolton指数的全牙比减小者最少,而安氏II类错牙合Bolton指数的全牙比增加者最少。Bolton指数不正常人数占有一定比率。
3 Bolton指数正常前牙比上下颌前牙量间的线性回归方程: Y1=0.776X1+0.612,(X1代表上颌前牙量,Y1代表下颌前牙量);Bolton指数正常全牙比的上下全牙量间的线性回归方程:Y2=0.899X2+1.661,(X2代表上颌全牙量,Y2代表下颌全牙量)。
4上下颌牙量间正常Bolton指数比率分析直角坐标图,可以为临床应用Bolton指数分析提供一种更为简洁、直观的方法。
Objective: Through measuring and analyzing the study models of teenage patients with permanent occlusion in Shijiazhuang,this study is aim to find out the sex difference、group difference、distribution of numer and the prevalence rate of abnormal Bolton index in Angle Class I、II、III malocclusion groups,in the meantime the regressive equations and the cartesian coordinate graph about linear regression relationship beteewn intermaxillary tooth-size of normal Bolton index were made,providing reference to clinical diagnosis, treatment and prognosis designed in orthodontics.
Method: 972 cases of malocclusion dental study model meeting the requirements of teenage patients with permanent occlusion in Shijiazhuang were selected,including the subjects of Angle class I、II and III. Each tooth crown mesiodistal size between the first molar and the opposite molar of 972 dental cases was measured by calliper. Anterior ratio (AR) and overall ratio(OR) were calculated on the basis of data inputed to computer , according the Chinese normal Bolton index(AR 78.8%士1.72%, OR 91.5%士1.51%), then were analysed with statistic methods. 972 cases were divided into an oversized, a normal and an undersized group according to the Bolton normal value pins or minus one standard deviation, then statistic analysis was got about the sex difference、group difference、distribution and the prevalence rate of abnormal Bolton index in Angle Class I、II、III malocclusion groups,then the cartesian coordinate graph about linear regression relationship beteewn intermaxillary tooth-size of normal Bolton index with the aid of drafting software Metlab was made.
Result:
1 Anterior ratio and overall ratio analysis
1.1 sex difference
1.1.1 Anterior ratio: no statistically significant sex difference was found about anterior ratio in each malocclusion group(P>0.05, P>0.05, P>0.05), but the mean of the male was lager than that of the female in Angle class III. ,and the means of the female was lager than those of the male in Angle class I、II.
1.1.2 Overall ratio: no statistically significant sex difference was found about overall ratio in each malocclusion group(P>0.05, P>0.05, P>0.05), but the mean of the male was lager than that of the female in each Angle malocclusion group.
1.2 Group difference: the mean of anterior ratio in Angle class II was the largest , then that in Angle class I, the mean in Angle class III was the smallest. The mean of overall ratio in Angle class III was the largest , then that in Angle class I, the mean in Angle class II was the smallest. Statistically significant group difference was not found about overall ratio nor anterior ratio(P>0.05, P>0.05).
2 The distribution of number
2.1 Difference in each malocclusion group
2.1.1 The distribution of number about anterior ratio: the distribution of number in each Angle malocclusion group was as follows: the number of patients with normal Bolton index was the largest, then that with undersized Bolton index, it was the smallest with oversized Bolton index.Statistically significant difference was found in each Angle malocclusion group(P<0.01, P<0.01, P<0.01).
2.1.2 The distribution of number about overall ratio: the distribution of number in Angle class I、III was as follows: the number of patients with normal Bolton index was the largest, then that with oversized Bolton index, it was the smallest with undersized Bolton index. The distribution of number in Angle class II was as follows: the number of patients with normal Bolton index was the largest, then that with undersized Bolton index, it was the smallest with oversized Bolton index. Statistically significant difference was found in each malocclusion Angle group(P<0.01, P<0.01, P<0.01).
2.2 Group difference about the proportion of patients with abnormal Bolton index: statistically significant group difference was not found about the proportion of patients with abnormal anterior ratio nor with abnormal overall ratio(P>0.05, P>0.05).
2.3 The proportion of patients with abnormal Bolton index in overall malocclusion cases of the sample was as follows:in the sample including 972 cases,the proportion of patients with normal anterior ratio is 52.67%, and that with undersized one is 28.81%, the proportion of patients with oversized one is18.52%, so the proportion of patients with abnormal anterior ratio is 47.33%; while the proportion of patients with normal overall ratio is 61.32%, and that with undersized one is 18.62%, the proportion of patients with oversized one is 20.06%, so the proportion of patients with abnormal overall ratio is 38.68%.
3 Analysis of linear regression relationship between intermaxill- ary tooth-size with normal Bolton index
3.1 Normal anterior ratio
3.1.1 Sex difference in each Angle malocclusion group: statistically significant linear regression relationship between intermaxillary anterior tooth-size were both in male cases and female ones with normal anterior ratio in each group (the male cases in Angle classI、II、III:the coefficient of regression P<0.01、P<0.01、P<0.01;the female cases in Angle classI、II、III:the coefficient of regression P<0.01、P<0.01、P<0.01), but no statistically significant sex difference was found in each group(in Angle class I: group*maxillary anterior tooth-size P>0.05, group P>0.05; in Angle class II: group*maxillary anterior tooth-size P>0.05, group P>0.05; in Angle class III: group*maxillary anterior tooth-size P>0.05, group P>0.05).
3.1.2 Group difference:no statistically significant group differe- nce was found about linear regression relationship between intermaxillary anterior tooth-size with normal anterior ratio among the three malocclusion groups(group*maxillary anterior tooth-size P>0.05, group P>0.05).
3.2 Normal overall ratio
3.2.1 Sex difference in each group in each Angle malocclusion group: significant linear regression relationship between intermaxillary overall tooth-size were both in male cases and female ones with normal overall ratio in each group(the male cases in Angle classI、II、III:the coefficient of regression P<0.01、P<0.01、P<0.01;the female cases in Angle classI、II、III:the coefficient of regression P<0.01、P<0.01、P<0.01), but no statistically significant sex difference was found in each group(in Angle class I: group*maxillary overall tooth-size P>0.05, group P>0.05; in Angle class II: group*maxillary overall tooth-size P>0.05, group P>0.05; in Angle class III: group*maxillary overall tooth-size P>0.05, group P>0.05).
3.2.2 Group difference: no statistically significant group difference was found about linear regression relationship between intermaxillary overall tooth-size with normal overall ratio among the three malocclusion groups(group*maxillary overall tooth-size P>0.05, group P>0.05).
4 The linear regression equation between intermaxillary teeth-size with normal Bolton index
4.1 The linear regression equation between intermaxillary anterior tooth-size with normal anterior ratio: Statistically significant linear regression relationship was found between intermaxillary anterior tooth-size(the coefficient of regression P<0.05).The linear regression equation was: Y1=0.776X1+0.612, (X1: maxillary anterior tooth-size, Y1: mandibular anterior tooth-size).
4.2 The linear regression equation between intermaxillary overall tooth-size with normal overall ratio Statistically significant linear regression relationship was found between intermaxillary overall tooth-size(the coefficient of regression P<0.05).The linear regression equation was: Y2=0.899X2+1.661, (X2: maxillary overall tooth-size, Y2: mandibular overall tooth-size).
5 The cartesian coordinate graph about linear regression relationship beteewn intermaxillary tooth-size of normal Bolton index were drafted(Fig. 10, Fig. 11).
Conclusion:1 No significant sex differences was found about the anterior and overall ratios in Angle class I、II、III.
2 The number of patients with normal anterior ratio was the largest, while it was the smallest with undersized one in each Angle group. The number of patients with normal overall ratio was the largest in each Angle group, while it was the smalleat with undersized overall ratio in Angle class I、III, contrarily it was the smallest with oversized overall ratio in Angle class II. The proportion of patients with abnormal Bolton index existed.
3 The linear regression equation between intermaxillary anterior tooth-size with normal anterior ratio was: Y1=0.776X1+0.612,(X1: maxillary anterior tooth-size, Y1: mandibular anterior teeth- size).The linear regression equation between intermaxillary overall tooth-size with normal overall ratio was: Y2=0.899X2 + 1.661, (X2: maxillary overall tooth-size, Y2: mandibular overall tooth-size).
4 The cartesian coordinate graph about linear regression relationship beteewn intermaxillary tooth-size of normal Bolton index were drafted,providing a more concise and intuitive method for clinical application of Bolton index.
方法:选取符合要求的石家庄恒牙期青少年正畸患者的安氏I类、II类、III类记存模型,共计972例,由专人用游标卡尺对模型的上下颌第一恒磨牙到对侧第一恒磨牙共二十四颗牙每牙最大近远中径进行测量。将所测量数值输入计算机并计算所有模型的Bolton指数,以中国人正常Bolton指数(前牙比为78.8%士1.72%,全牙比为91.5%士1.51%)为标准,Bolton指数介于均值加减一个标准差范围内者为Bolton指数正常,大于均值加一个标准差者为Bolton指数增加,小于均值减一个标准差者为Bolton指数减小,对测量数据进行相应的统计学分析,比较安氏I类、II类、III类错牙合患者Bolton指数的性别差异、组间差异、人数分布规律、Bolton指数不正常人数比率及正常Bolton指数上下颌牙量间的线性回归关系,用Metlab软件建立上下颌牙量间正常Bolton指数比率分析直角坐标图。
结果:
1前牙比值、全牙比值分析
1.1性别差异
1.1.1前牙比:安氏I类、II类错牙合显示女性大于男性,但性别间无显著差异(P>0.05、P>0.05)。安氏III类错牙合显示男性大于女性,性别间亦无显著性差异(P>0.05)。
1.1.2全牙比:安氏I类、II类、III类错牙合均为男性大于女性,但性别间无显著性差异(P>0.05、P>0.05、P>0.05)。
1.2组间差异:前牙比为安氏II类>安氏I类>安氏III类;全牙比为安氏III类>安氏I类>安氏II类,但前牙比及全牙比在安氏各类错牙合组间均无显著性差异(P>0.05,P>0.05)。
2人数分布
2.1组内差异
2.1.1前牙比人数分布:安氏I、II、III类错牙合均呈现如下显著性趋势:Bolton指数正常者人数最多,其次为Bolton指数减小者,Bolton指数增加者人数最少(P<0.01、P<0.01、P<0.01)。
2.1.2全牙比人数分布:安氏I、III类错牙合均呈现如下显著性趋势:Bolton指数正常者人数最多,其次为Bolton指数增加者,Bolton指数减小者人数最少(P<0.01、P<0.01),而安氏II类呈现Bolton指数正常者人数最多,其次为Bolton指数减小者,Bolton指数增加者人数最少的显著性趋势(P<0.01)。
2.2 Bolton指数不正常人数比率的组间差异:前牙比及全牙比Bolton指数不正常人数比率在各组间均无显著性差异(P>0.05,P>0.05)。
2.3错牙合总样本的Bolton指数不正常人数比率:本样本972名病例中,前牙Bolton指数正常者占52.67%,减小者占28.81%,增加者占18.52%,显示前牙比Bolton指数不正常者比率为47.33%;全牙Bolton指数正常者占61.32%,减小者占18.62%,增加者占20.06%,显示全牙比Bolton指数不正常者比率为38.68%。
3正常Bolton指数的上下颌牙量间线性回归关系分析
3.1正常前牙比
3.1.1组内性别差异:安氏I、II、III类错牙合各组正常前牙比的男性及女性上下颌前牙量间均存在显著性线性回归关系(安氏I、II、III类正常前牙比男性:回归系数P<0.01、P<0.01、P<0.01;安氏I、II、III类正常前牙比女性:回归系数P<0.01、P<0.01、P<0.01),且该线性回归关系在性别间无显著性差异(安氏I类性别之间group*上前牙量P>0.05, group P>0.05;安氏II类性别之间group*上前牙量P>0.05, group P>0.05;安氏III类性别之间group*上前牙量P>0.05, group P>0.05);
3.1.2组间差异:正常前牙比上下颌前牙量间的线性回归关系在安氏I、II、III类组间比较无显著性差异(group*上前牙量P>0.05,group P>0.05)。
3.2正常全牙比
3.2.1组内性别差异:安氏I、II、III类各错牙合组正常全牙比的男性及女性上下颌全牙量间均存在显著性线性回归关系(安氏I、II、III类正常全牙比男性:回归系数P<0.01、P<0.01、P<0.01;安氏I、II、III类正常全牙比女性:回归系数P<0.01、P<0.01、P<0.01),且该线性回归关系在性别间无显著性差异(安氏I类性别之间group*上全牙量P>0.05, group P>0.05;安氏II类性别之间group*上全牙量P>0.05, group P>0.05;安氏III类性别之间group*上全牙量P>0.05, group P>0.05);
3.2.2组间差异:正常全牙比上下颌全牙量间的线性回归关系在安氏I、II、III类组间比较无显著性差异(group*上全牙量P>0.05,group P>0.05)。
4正常Bolton指数上下颌牙量间线性回归方程:
4.1正常前牙比上下颌牙量间线性回归方程:正常前牙比的上下颌前牙量间存在显著性线性回归关系(回归系数P<0.05),线性回归方程:Y1=0.776X1+0.612,(X1代表上颌前牙量,Y1代表下颌前牙量)。
4.2正常全牙比上下颌牙量间线性回归方程:正常全牙比的上下颌全牙量间存在显著性线性回归关系(回归系数P<0.05),线性回归方程:Y2=0.899X2+1.661,(X2代表上颌全牙量,Y2代表下颌全牙量)。
5上下颌牙量间正常Bolton指数比率分析直角坐标图的建立(见Fig 10,Fig 11)。
结论:1安氏各类错牙合Bolton指数的前牙比及全牙比值均无显著性性别差异。
2安氏I、II、III类错牙合Bolton指数的前牙比正常者人数最多,减小者最少。安氏I、II、III类错牙合Bolton指数的全牙比正常者人数最多,安氏I、III类错牙合Bolton指数的全牙比减小者最少,而安氏II类错牙合Bolton指数的全牙比增加者最少。Bolton指数不正常人数占有一定比率。
3 Bolton指数正常前牙比上下颌前牙量间的线性回归方程: Y1=0.776X1+0.612,(X1代表上颌前牙量,Y1代表下颌前牙量);Bolton指数正常全牙比的上下全牙量间的线性回归方程:Y2=0.899X2+1.661,(X2代表上颌全牙量,Y2代表下颌全牙量)。
4上下颌牙量间正常Bolton指数比率分析直角坐标图,可以为临床应用Bolton指数分析提供一种更为简洁、直观的方法。
Objective: Through measuring and analyzing the study models of teenage patients with permanent occlusion in Shijiazhuang,this study is aim to find out the sex difference、group difference、distribution of numer and the prevalence rate of abnormal Bolton index in Angle Class I、II、III malocclusion groups,in the meantime the regressive equations and the cartesian coordinate graph about linear regression relationship beteewn intermaxillary tooth-size of normal Bolton index were made,providing reference to clinical diagnosis, treatment and prognosis designed in orthodontics.
Method: 972 cases of malocclusion dental study model meeting the requirements of teenage patients with permanent occlusion in Shijiazhuang were selected,including the subjects of Angle class I、II and III. Each tooth crown mesiodistal size between the first molar and the opposite molar of 972 dental cases was measured by calliper. Anterior ratio (AR) and overall ratio(OR) were calculated on the basis of data inputed to computer , according the Chinese normal Bolton index(AR 78.8%士1.72%, OR 91.5%士1.51%), then were analysed with statistic methods. 972 cases were divided into an oversized, a normal and an undersized group according to the Bolton normal value pins or minus one standard deviation, then statistic analysis was got about the sex difference、group difference、distribution and the prevalence rate of abnormal Bolton index in Angle Class I、II、III malocclusion groups,then the cartesian coordinate graph about linear regression relationship beteewn intermaxillary tooth-size of normal Bolton index with the aid of drafting software Metlab was made.
Result:
1 Anterior ratio and overall ratio analysis
1.1 sex difference
1.1.1 Anterior ratio: no statistically significant sex difference was found about anterior ratio in each malocclusion group(P>0.05, P>0.05, P>0.05), but the mean of the male was lager than that of the female in Angle class III. ,and the means of the female was lager than those of the male in Angle class I、II.
1.1.2 Overall ratio: no statistically significant sex difference was found about overall ratio in each malocclusion group(P>0.05, P>0.05, P>0.05), but the mean of the male was lager than that of the female in each Angle malocclusion group.
1.2 Group difference: the mean of anterior ratio in Angle class II was the largest , then that in Angle class I, the mean in Angle class III was the smallest. The mean of overall ratio in Angle class III was the largest , then that in Angle class I, the mean in Angle class II was the smallest. Statistically significant group difference was not found about overall ratio nor anterior ratio(P>0.05, P>0.05).
2 The distribution of number
2.1 Difference in each malocclusion group
2.1.1 The distribution of number about anterior ratio: the distribution of number in each Angle malocclusion group was as follows: the number of patients with normal Bolton index was the largest, then that with undersized Bolton index, it was the smallest with oversized Bolton index.Statistically significant difference was found in each Angle malocclusion group(P<0.01, P<0.01, P<0.01).
2.1.2 The distribution of number about overall ratio: the distribution of number in Angle class I、III was as follows: the number of patients with normal Bolton index was the largest, then that with oversized Bolton index, it was the smallest with undersized Bolton index. The distribution of number in Angle class II was as follows: the number of patients with normal Bolton index was the largest, then that with undersized Bolton index, it was the smallest with oversized Bolton index. Statistically significant difference was found in each malocclusion Angle group(P<0.01, P<0.01, P<0.01).
2.2 Group difference about the proportion of patients with abnormal Bolton index: statistically significant group difference was not found about the proportion of patients with abnormal anterior ratio nor with abnormal overall ratio(P>0.05, P>0.05).
2.3 The proportion of patients with abnormal Bolton index in overall malocclusion cases of the sample was as follows:in the sample including 972 cases,the proportion of patients with normal anterior ratio is 52.67%, and that with undersized one is 28.81%, the proportion of patients with oversized one is18.52%, so the proportion of patients with abnormal anterior ratio is 47.33%; while the proportion of patients with normal overall ratio is 61.32%, and that with undersized one is 18.62%, the proportion of patients with oversized one is 20.06%, so the proportion of patients with abnormal overall ratio is 38.68%.
3 Analysis of linear regression relationship between intermaxill- ary tooth-size with normal Bolton index
3.1 Normal anterior ratio
3.1.1 Sex difference in each Angle malocclusion group: statistically significant linear regression relationship between intermaxillary anterior tooth-size were both in male cases and female ones with normal anterior ratio in each group (the male cases in Angle classI、II、III:the coefficient of regression P<0.01、P<0.01、P<0.01;the female cases in Angle classI、II、III:the coefficient of regression P<0.01、P<0.01、P<0.01), but no statistically significant sex difference was found in each group(in Angle class I: group*maxillary anterior tooth-size P>0.05, group P>0.05; in Angle class II: group*maxillary anterior tooth-size P>0.05, group P>0.05; in Angle class III: group*maxillary anterior tooth-size P>0.05, group P>0.05).
3.1.2 Group difference:no statistically significant group differe- nce was found about linear regression relationship between intermaxillary anterior tooth-size with normal anterior ratio among the three malocclusion groups(group*maxillary anterior tooth-size P>0.05, group P>0.05).
3.2 Normal overall ratio
3.2.1 Sex difference in each group in each Angle malocclusion group: significant linear regression relationship between intermaxillary overall tooth-size were both in male cases and female ones with normal overall ratio in each group(the male cases in Angle classI、II、III:the coefficient of regression P<0.01、P<0.01、P<0.01;the female cases in Angle classI、II、III:the coefficient of regression P<0.01、P<0.01、P<0.01), but no statistically significant sex difference was found in each group(in Angle class I: group*maxillary overall tooth-size P>0.05, group P>0.05; in Angle class II: group*maxillary overall tooth-size P>0.05, group P>0.05; in Angle class III: group*maxillary overall tooth-size P>0.05, group P>0.05).
3.2.2 Group difference: no statistically significant group difference was found about linear regression relationship between intermaxillary overall tooth-size with normal overall ratio among the three malocclusion groups(group*maxillary overall tooth-size P>0.05, group P>0.05).
4 The linear regression equation between intermaxillary teeth-size with normal Bolton index
4.1 The linear regression equation between intermaxillary anterior tooth-size with normal anterior ratio: Statistically significant linear regression relationship was found between intermaxillary anterior tooth-size(the coefficient of regression P<0.05).The linear regression equation was: Y1=0.776X1+0.612, (X1: maxillary anterior tooth-size, Y1: mandibular anterior tooth-size).
4.2 The linear regression equation between intermaxillary overall tooth-size with normal overall ratio Statistically significant linear regression relationship was found between intermaxillary overall tooth-size(the coefficient of regression P<0.05).The linear regression equation was: Y2=0.899X2+1.661, (X2: maxillary overall tooth-size, Y2: mandibular overall tooth-size).
5 The cartesian coordinate graph about linear regression relationship beteewn intermaxillary tooth-size of normal Bolton index were drafted(Fig. 10, Fig. 11).
Conclusion:1 No significant sex differences was found about the anterior and overall ratios in Angle class I、II、III.
2 The number of patients with normal anterior ratio was the largest, while it was the smallest with undersized one in each Angle group. The number of patients with normal overall ratio was the largest in each Angle group, while it was the smalleat with undersized overall ratio in Angle class I、III, contrarily it was the smallest with oversized overall ratio in Angle class II. The proportion of patients with abnormal Bolton index existed.
3 The linear regression equation between intermaxillary anterior tooth-size with normal anterior ratio was: Y1=0.776X1+0.612,(X1: maxillary anterior tooth-size, Y1: mandibular anterior teeth- size).The linear regression equation between intermaxillary overall tooth-size with normal overall ratio was: Y2=0.899X2 + 1.661, (X2: maxillary overall tooth-size, Y2: mandibular overall tooth-size).
4 The cartesian coordinate graph about linear regression relationship beteewn intermaxillary tooth-size of normal Bolton index were drafted,providing a more concise and intuitive method for clinical application of Bolton index.
引文
1 Bolton WA. Disharmony in tooth size and its relation to the analysis and treatment of malocclusion. Angle Orthod 1958,28:113-130
2 Bolton WA. The clinical application of a tooth-size analysis. Am J Orthod, 1962, 78: 504
3傅民魁.口腔正崎学[M].第五版.北京:人民卫生出版社.2007: 5
4聂琼,林久祥.错牙合畸形上下颌牙量关系的研究[J].口腔正畸学,1998; 5(2):71-73
5 Sperry Tp, worms FW. Isaacson RJ. Tooth-sizediscrepancies in mandibular progathism. Am J orthod. 1997, 72:183-190
6 McCann J, Burden DJ. An investigation of tooth size in Northern Irish people with bimaxillary dental protrusion. Europ J of Orthod,1996,18:617-621
7 Frreeman JE, Maskeroni AJ, Lorton L. Frequency of Bolton tooth-size discepancies among orthodontic patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 1996, 110(1):24- 27
8 Johal AS, Battagel JM. Dental crowding:a comparison of three methods of assessment. Europ J Orthod 1997,19:543-551
9 Tomassetti JJ, Taloumis LJ, Denny JM, et al. A comparion of three computerized Bolton tooth-size analyses with a commomly used method. Angle Orthod 2001,71:351-357
10 Nie Q, Lin JX. Comparison of intermaxillary tooth size discrepancies among different malocclusion groups. Am J Orthod 1999, 116: 539-544
11 Smith SS, Buschang PH,Watanabe E. Interarch tooth size relationships of 3 populations: "Does Bolton's analysis apply?" Am J Orthod 2000,117:169-174
12 Ta AT, Ling JYK, Hagg U. Tooth-size discrepancies among differert occlusion groups of southern Chinese children. Am J Orthod. 2001,120:556-558
13 Lavelle CL. Maxillary and mandibular tooth size in different racial groups and in different occlusal categories. Am J ort.hod. 1972, 61:29-37
14 Santoro M, Ayoub ME, Pardi VA,et al. Mesiodistal Crown Dimensions and Tooth Size Discrepancy of the Permantent Dentition of Dominican Americans. Angle Orthod, 2000, 70(4):303-307
15刘侃,刘乱虎,周蕾,等.上海市正常牙合青少年牙、牙弓、基骨的测量分析[J].口腔医学,1993,13(1):1-3
16林久祥,傅民魁.上下颌之间牙量关系的分析及其临床应用[J].现代口腔医学杂志, 1991,5(1):17-18.
17栗震业,等.正常牙合及牙弓的研究[J].华西口腔医学杂志,1983,1:19
18柯杰,赵桂芝,林珠,等.正常模型近景立体摄影测量研究(一)—牙齿及牙列的测量研究[J].实用口腔医学杂志,1996,12(2):94-95
19 Araujo E, Souki M. Bolton anterior tooth size discrepancies among different malocclusion groups. Angle Orthod, 2003, 73 (3):307-313
20佟吴宇,余巧霞,陈丹鹏.上海地区213例错牙合患者Bolton指数的测量分析[[J].口腔正崎学,2003,10(4):168-171
21 Tong H, Chen D, Xu L, et al. The effect of premolar extractions on tooth size discrepancies. Angle Orthod, 2004, 74(4):508- 511
22聂琼,林久祥.错牙合畸形上下颌牙量关系的研究[J].口腔正畸学,1998, 5(2):71-73
23 Arya Bs, etal. Relation of sex and occlusion to mediodistal tooth size. Am J Orthod, 1974, 66: 479
24 Crosby DR, Alexander CG. The occurrence of tooth size discrepancy among different malocclusion groups. Amy J Orthod 1989, 85:457
25 Uysal T, Sari Z, Basciftci FA, et al. Intermaxillary tooth size discrepancy and malocclusion: is there a relation? Angle Orthod, 2005,75(2):208-213
26段培佳,陈扬熙.各类错牙合畸形的上下颌牙量关系的研究[J].广东牙病防治,2003,1:110
27张怡,刘月华.错牙合畸形患者Bolton值的研究[J].2006,26 (3):185-186
28牛百平,叶湘玉,刘芳.前牙Bolton比值的临床应用[J].实用口腔医学杂志,1995,11(3):211-214.
29卢书源,侯录.错牙合畸形Bolton指数的测量研究[J].黑龙江医学,2003,27(4):264-265
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31黄敏方.安氏I、II、III类错牙合患者Bolton不调量的分析[J].华西口腔医学杂志,2003,21(3):211-216
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12 Johal AS, Battagel JM. Dental crowding:a comparison of three methods of assessment. Europ J Orthod 1997, 19: 543-551
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42黄敏方.安氏I、II、III类错牙合患者Bolton不调量的分析[J].华西口腔医学杂志,2003,21(3):211-216
43牛百平,叶湘玉,刘芳.前牙Bolton比值的临床应用[J].实用口腔医学杂志,1995,11(3): 211-214
44卢书源,侯录.错牙合畸形Bolton指数的测量研究[J].黑龙江医学,2003,27(4):264-265
45聂琼,林久祥.错牙合畸形上下颌牙量关系的研究[J].口腔正畸学,1998,5(2):71-73
46 Arya Bs, etal. Relation of sex and occlusion to mediodistal tooth size. Am J Orthod, 1974, 66:479
47 Crosby DR, Alexander CG. The occurrence of tooth size discrepancy among different malocclusion groups .Amy J Orthod 1989,85:457
48 Uysal T, Sari Z, Basciftci FA, et al. Intermaxillary tooth size discrepancy and malocclusion: is there a relation? Angle Orthod, 2005,75(2):208-213
49 Bolton WA.Disharmony in tooth size and its relation to the analysis and treatment of malocclusion.Angle Orthod 1958,28:113-130
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2 Bolton WA. The clinical application of a tooth-size analysis. Am J Orthod, 1962, 78: 504
3傅民魁.口腔正崎学[M].第五版.北京:人民卫生出版社.2007: 5
4聂琼,林久祥.错牙合畸形上下颌牙量关系的研究[J].口腔正畸学,1998; 5(2):71-73
5 Sperry Tp, worms FW. Isaacson RJ. Tooth-sizediscrepancies in mandibular progathism. Am J orthod. 1997, 72:183-190
6 McCann J, Burden DJ. An investigation of tooth size in Northern Irish people with bimaxillary dental protrusion. Europ J of Orthod,1996,18:617-621
7 Frreeman JE, Maskeroni AJ, Lorton L. Frequency of Bolton tooth-size discepancies among orthodontic patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 1996, 110(1):24- 27
8 Johal AS, Battagel JM. Dental crowding:a comparison of three methods of assessment. Europ J Orthod 1997,19:543-551
9 Tomassetti JJ, Taloumis LJ, Denny JM, et al. A comparion of three computerized Bolton tooth-size analyses with a commomly used method. Angle Orthod 2001,71:351-357
10 Nie Q, Lin JX. Comparison of intermaxillary tooth size discrepancies among different malocclusion groups. Am J Orthod 1999, 116: 539-544
11 Smith SS, Buschang PH,Watanabe E. Interarch tooth size relationships of 3 populations: "Does Bolton's analysis apply?" Am J Orthod 2000,117:169-174
12 Ta AT, Ling JYK, Hagg U. Tooth-size discrepancies among differert occlusion groups of southern Chinese children. Am J Orthod. 2001,120:556-558
13 Lavelle CL. Maxillary and mandibular tooth size in different racial groups and in different occlusal categories. Am J ort.hod. 1972, 61:29-37
14 Santoro M, Ayoub ME, Pardi VA,et al. Mesiodistal Crown Dimensions and Tooth Size Discrepancy of the Permantent Dentition of Dominican Americans. Angle Orthod, 2000, 70(4):303-307
15刘侃,刘乱虎,周蕾,等.上海市正常牙合青少年牙、牙弓、基骨的测量分析[J].口腔医学,1993,13(1):1-3
16林久祥,傅民魁.上下颌之间牙量关系的分析及其临床应用[J].现代口腔医学杂志, 1991,5(1):17-18.
17栗震业,等.正常牙合及牙弓的研究[J].华西口腔医学杂志,1983,1:19
18柯杰,赵桂芝,林珠,等.正常模型近景立体摄影测量研究(一)—牙齿及牙列的测量研究[J].实用口腔医学杂志,1996,12(2):94-95
19 Araujo E, Souki M. Bolton anterior tooth size discrepancies among different malocclusion groups. Angle Orthod, 2003, 73 (3):307-313
20佟吴宇,余巧霞,陈丹鹏.上海地区213例错牙合患者Bolton指数的测量分析[[J].口腔正崎学,2003,10(4):168-171
21 Tong H, Chen D, Xu L, et al. The effect of premolar extractions on tooth size discrepancies. Angle Orthod, 2004, 74(4):508- 511
22聂琼,林久祥.错牙合畸形上下颌牙量关系的研究[J].口腔正畸学,1998, 5(2):71-73
23 Arya Bs, etal. Relation of sex and occlusion to mediodistal tooth size. Am J Orthod, 1974, 66: 479
24 Crosby DR, Alexander CG. The occurrence of tooth size discrepancy among different malocclusion groups. Amy J Orthod 1989, 85:457
25 Uysal T, Sari Z, Basciftci FA, et al. Intermaxillary tooth size discrepancy and malocclusion: is there a relation? Angle Orthod, 2005,75(2):208-213
26段培佳,陈扬熙.各类错牙合畸形的上下颌牙量关系的研究[J].广东牙病防治,2003,1:110
27张怡,刘月华.错牙合畸形患者Bolton值的研究[J].2006,26 (3):185-186
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