冲击荷载下缺陷加筋板结构的有限元动力分析
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摘要
随着现代工业技术的不断发展,工程结构也越来越向薄型化和轻型化方向发展,同时高强度及复合式材料在工程中的广泛应用,使得加筋板结构得到了大量的使用。加筋板结构既能够减轻结构的重量,同时又能保证结构的可靠性和耐久性,从而提高结构的使用效率和经济性,因而在船舶、桥梁和航空航天等工程领域中得到广泛应用。
虽然加筋板结构的使用能带来很多的优势,但是由于加强筋的引入会使结构产生不连续性和各向异性,同时板内不可避免的存在着不确定的初始缺陷。多数的工程结构在使用的过程中受到动力荷载的作用,结构的非线性动态响应对这些初始缺陷是非常敏感,受到冲击荷载作用下将发生动力破坏,导致总体承载能力下降甚至完全丧失。因此,对具有初始缺陷的加筋板结构的冲击动力响应及动力屈曲问题进行深入研究是十分必要的。
大量的仿真分析表明：只要合理地模拟结构的边界条件、受载方式、材料的非线性性能,采用合理的单元类型和网格尺度,并综合考虑冲击动力学分析的各种因素,仿真模拟能够获得较为准确的结果。本论文利用有限元分析软件ANSYS/LS-DANA对加筋板结构进行冲击动力学有限元仿真研究,首先基于离散加筋板模型,考虑大变形并忽略阻尼的影响,分析了不同的冲击荷载形式对加筋板动力响应的影响,着重讨论了不同冲击速度、加强筋数目和形式不同对无初始缺陷的加筋板动力响应的影响。接着考虑到加筋板结构可能存在的缺陷,从宏观的角度出发对含有中心穿透裂纹缺陷的板和加筋板在冲击载荷作用下的结构强度以及裂纹扩展的有限元模拟。讨论了几何模型的建立方法和材料模型的选取,然后经过大量的有限元结果分析了各种参数,如冲击速度,加强筋数目和形式等对裂纹板壳强度的影响,并针对裂纹扩展行为,试探性的总结了一些的加筋板动力响应规律。
With the unceasing development of modern industrial technology, engineering structure also more and more developes to thin and light-duty direction, at the meanwhile high strength and composite material is used in engineering, stiffened plate structure got a wide application. Stiffened plates have wide applications in aerospace, bridge, ship and some other engineering activities due to their economic and stctural benefits.Stiffening a plate can achieve higher strength and weight ratio of the structure compared to a bare plate having same material.
Although the use of stiffened plate structure can bring a lot of advantage, but due to the introduction of reinforcement will make structure produce discontinuity and inhomogeneity,while most of the engineering structure were used under dynamic loading, these impact process is complicated nonlinear dynamic response, the role impact load has big intensity, short time, the structure under impact load will occur dynamic failure, leading to an overall bearing capacity down even completely exhausted. In addition, board inside inevitably exists some uncertain initial defects, such as crack, holes or initial deflection etc, nonlinear dynamic response of structure is very sensitive to these initial defects, so in order to guarantee the safety of stiffened plate structure,it must consider the most unfavorable initial defects effects. Further study of stiffened plate structure's dynamic response and the impact of the dynamic buckling problem with initial defects is very necessary.
A lot of simulation analysis shows:if properly simulating boundary condition, ways of bearing load of structure, nonlinear properties of materials, adopting rational unit types and grid scale, and comprehensivly considerating the various factors of impact dynamics analysis, simulation can obtain more accurate results. This paper studys the impact dynamics of stiffened plate structure by using finite element analysis software ANSYS/LS-DYNA.first, based on discrete stiffened plate model, considered the large deformation and ignored damping, investigated the influence of stiffened plate dynamic response by different impact load form, and discussed the influence of different impact velocity, reinforced number and different forms to an initial defects of stiffened plate dynamic response.
Then consider defects of stiffened plate structure, from the macroscopic point of view, to simulate the structure strength and crack propagation of central through crack defect plate and stiffened plate under impact loading by finite element method. Discussing the establishment of geometric models, the selection of materials and methods, and then after a lot of finite element analysis of the results of various parameters, such as impact velocity, reinforced number and forms of crack plate and shell strength, and in the light of the influence of crack propagation behavior, tentativly summarizes some laws of stiffened plate dynamic response.
虽然加筋板结构的使用能带来很多的优势,但是由于加强筋的引入会使结构产生不连续性和各向异性,同时板内不可避免的存在着不确定的初始缺陷。多数的工程结构在使用的过程中受到动力荷载的作用,结构的非线性动态响应对这些初始缺陷是非常敏感,受到冲击荷载作用下将发生动力破坏,导致总体承载能力下降甚至完全丧失。因此,对具有初始缺陷的加筋板结构的冲击动力响应及动力屈曲问题进行深入研究是十分必要的。
大量的仿真分析表明：只要合理地模拟结构的边界条件、受载方式、材料的非线性性能,采用合理的单元类型和网格尺度,并综合考虑冲击动力学分析的各种因素,仿真模拟能够获得较为准确的结果。本论文利用有限元分析软件ANSYS/LS-DANA对加筋板结构进行冲击动力学有限元仿真研究,首先基于离散加筋板模型,考虑大变形并忽略阻尼的影响,分析了不同的冲击荷载形式对加筋板动力响应的影响,着重讨论了不同冲击速度、加强筋数目和形式不同对无初始缺陷的加筋板动力响应的影响。接着考虑到加筋板结构可能存在的缺陷,从宏观的角度出发对含有中心穿透裂纹缺陷的板和加筋板在冲击载荷作用下的结构强度以及裂纹扩展的有限元模拟。讨论了几何模型的建立方法和材料模型的选取,然后经过大量的有限元结果分析了各种参数,如冲击速度,加强筋数目和形式等对裂纹板壳强度的影响,并针对裂纹扩展行为,试探性的总结了一些的加筋板动力响应规律。
With the unceasing development of modern industrial technology, engineering structure also more and more developes to thin and light-duty direction, at the meanwhile high strength and composite material is used in engineering, stiffened plate structure got a wide application. Stiffened plates have wide applications in aerospace, bridge, ship and some other engineering activities due to their economic and stctural benefits.Stiffening a plate can achieve higher strength and weight ratio of the structure compared to a bare plate having same material.
Although the use of stiffened plate structure can bring a lot of advantage, but due to the introduction of reinforcement will make structure produce discontinuity and inhomogeneity,while most of the engineering structure were used under dynamic loading, these impact process is complicated nonlinear dynamic response, the role impact load has big intensity, short time, the structure under impact load will occur dynamic failure, leading to an overall bearing capacity down even completely exhausted. In addition, board inside inevitably exists some uncertain initial defects, such as crack, holes or initial deflection etc, nonlinear dynamic response of structure is very sensitive to these initial defects, so in order to guarantee the safety of stiffened plate structure,it must consider the most unfavorable initial defects effects. Further study of stiffened plate structure's dynamic response and the impact of the dynamic buckling problem with initial defects is very necessary.
A lot of simulation analysis shows:if properly simulating boundary condition, ways of bearing load of structure, nonlinear properties of materials, adopting rational unit types and grid scale, and comprehensivly considerating the various factors of impact dynamics analysis, simulation can obtain more accurate results. This paper studys the impact dynamics of stiffened plate structure by using finite element analysis software ANSYS/LS-DYNA.first, based on discrete stiffened plate model, considered the large deformation and ignored damping, investigated the influence of stiffened plate dynamic response by different impact load form, and discussed the influence of different impact velocity, reinforced number and different forms to an initial defects of stiffened plate dynamic response.
Then consider defects of stiffened plate structure, from the macroscopic point of view, to simulate the structure strength and crack propagation of central through crack defect plate and stiffened plate under impact loading by finite element method. Discussing the establishment of geometric models, the selection of materials and methods, and then after a lot of finite element analysis of the results of various parameters, such as impact velocity, reinforced number and forms of crack plate and shell strength, and in the light of the influence of crack propagation behavior, tentativly summarizes some laws of stiffened plate dynamic response.
引文
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[2]Srivastava A K L,Datta P K,Sheikh A H.Dynamic instability of stiffened plateswith cutout subjected to in-plane uniform edge loadings.International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics,2003,3(3):391-403
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[4]Weller T,Abramovich H,Yaffe R.Dynamic buckilng of bean and plates subjected to axial impact.ComPut.Struct.,1989,32(3/4):835-851
[5]Pasie H, Herrmann G Effect of in-plane inertia on buckling of imperfect plates with large deformations.J.Sound Vib.,1984,95(4):469-478
[6]江松青,李永池,陈正翔等.横向冲击荷载下加筋板的非线性动力响应[J].中国科学技术大学学报,2000,30(4)：406-413
[7]魏德敏,杨桂通.复合材料叠层板的非线性动力稳定性.应用数学和力学,2004,25(11)：1113-1116
[8]王德禹,杨桂通.基于突变理论的弹性圆柱壳冲击扭转屈曲工程力学,1992,9(2)：7
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[10]胡勇,崔维成.具有裂纹缺陷的板和加筋板格在联合荷载作用下的剩余极限强度.船舶力学,2003,7(1)：63-78
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[12]曾晓辉,柳春图,冯玮.有初挠度简支矩形板的后屈曲特性.机械强度,2001,23(3)：263-267
[13]王列东,刘正宁,周承倜.初始缺陷和拉-弯耦合对于叠层板的振动、屈曲和非线性动力稳定性的影响.应用数学和力学,1999,20(5)：477-485
[14]郑金鑫,崔维成.横向荷载作用下缺陷加筋板有效板宽的一个计算方法.航空学报,2002,23(1)：48-50
[15]俞焕然,王潘.具有初始缺陷变厚度圆板在复合荷载作用下的稳定性及优化.福州大学学报(自然科学版),1994,22(4)：90-95
[16]唐文勇,张圣坤,陈铁云.含初缺陷复合材料圆柱曲板的动力屈曲分析.1998,19(3)：228-234
[17]王元汉,刘再华,王建.多跨加筋板的动态裂纹扩展.航空学报,1993,14(3)：113-119
[18]王元功.冲击荷载作用下裂纹的动态响应分析.福州大学学报,1994,22(4)：1-9
[19]刘元镛,张刚,李玉龙,郭卫国.含裂纹板在冲击载荷作用下的失效准则.西北工业大学学 报,1996,14(2)：217-223
[20]杨庆生,杨卫.断裂过程的有限元模拟.计算力学学报,1997,14(4)：407-412
[21]Paik J.K.,Mansour A.E.,A simple formulation for predicting the ultimate strength of ships,Journal of Marine Science and Technology,2000, 1(1),P56-62;
[22]Zeinoddini M,Harding J E,Parke,Axially pre-loaded steel tubes subjected to lateral impacts an experimental study.International Journal of Impact Engineering,2002,27:669-690
[23]吉风贤,徐晓飞,姚卫星.多处损伤的疲劳裂纹扩展分析方法研究.机械强度,2003,25(3)：264-266
[24]张建宇,费斌军.疲劳多裂纹问题研究进展.力学与实践,2003,25(1)：6-10
[25]罗越刚,刘红克.钢板结构损伤对其动力特性的影响.沈阳工业大学学报,2004,24：30-33
[26]王志智,陈莉,聂学州.加筋板多处损伤疲劳裂纹扩展研究.机械强度,2004,26(s)：107-109
[27]杨继运,张行,张珉.含裂纹板断裂韧度厚度效应的理论与应用.机械工程学报,2005,41(11)：33-42
[28]张涛,刘土光,熊有伦,罗家智.加筋板结构止裂数值计算与实验研究.船舰科学技术,2005,27(5)：9-25
[29]张强,洪明.损伤引起加筋板结构屈曲形态变异研究.中国舰船研究,2007,2(1)：24-29
[30]赵秀峰,贾普荣,矫桂琼.冲击载荷下加筋板损伤行为研究.科学技术与工程,2007,7(12)：2803-2806
[31]喻健良,闫兴清.加筋板对含裂纹平板的止裂性能研究.石油化工设备,2008,37(5)：12-16
[32]李景阳,崔维成,王芳.中心穿透裂纹板在复杂载荷作用下的剩余极限强度分析.船舰科学技术,2009,31(8)：44-49
[33]安海,安伟光,赵维涛.具有多种缺陷的船舶结构系统的可靠性分析.中国科学,2010,40(10)：1256-1266
[34]刘亚东,张亚军,徐胜利.含垂直穿透裂纹板拉伸断裂的有限元模拟.中国科学技术大学学报,2010,40(3)：283-287
[35]孟阿军.冲击荷载下加筋板壳结构损伤数值仿真.[D][硕士学位论文].武汉：华中科技大学,2007
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[40]于瑾,含分层损伤先进复合材料格栅加筋板结构裂纹起裂和扩展过程的仿真研究.[硕士学位论文].大连：大连理工大学,2007
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[44]朱锡,刘燕红,张振中等.非接触爆炸载荷作用下舰船板架的塑性动力响应[J].武汉造船,1998,6：1-3
[2]Srivastava A K L,Datta P K,Sheikh A H.Dynamic instability of stiffened plateswith cutout subjected to in-plane uniform edge loadings.International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics,2003,3(3):391-403
[3]Ari-Gur J,Singer J,Weller T.Dynamic buckling of plates under longitudinal impact.Israel Journal of Technology,1981,19(1):57-64
[4]Weller T,Abramovich H,Yaffe R.Dynamic buckilng of bean and plates subjected to axial impact.ComPut.Struct.,1989,32(3/4):835-851
[5]Pasie H, Herrmann G Effect of in-plane inertia on buckling of imperfect plates with large deformations.J.Sound Vib.,1984,95(4):469-478
[6]江松青,李永池,陈正翔等.横向冲击荷载下加筋板的非线性动力响应[J].中国科学技术大学学报,2000,30(4)：406-413
[7]魏德敏,杨桂通.复合材料叠层板的非线性动力稳定性.应用数学和力学,2004,25(11)：1113-1116
[8]王德禹,杨桂通.基于突变理论的弹性圆柱壳冲击扭转屈曲工程力学,1992,9(2)：7
[9]张涛,刘土光,赵耀等.加筋板弹性大挠度的冲击响应分析.爆炸与冲击,2002,22(4)：301-307
[10]胡勇,崔维成.具有裂纹缺陷的板和加筋板格在联合荷载作用下的剩余极限强度.船舶力学,2003,7(1)：63-78
[11]王珂晟,刘国强,朱晓莹.含初始缺陷的加强复合材料圆柱壳的非线性屈曲分析.机械设计与制造,2004,2：63-65
[12]曾晓辉,柳春图,冯玮.有初挠度简支矩形板的后屈曲特性.机械强度,2001,23(3)：263-267
[13]王列东,刘正宁,周承倜.初始缺陷和拉-弯耦合对于叠层板的振动、屈曲和非线性动力稳定性的影响.应用数学和力学,1999,20(5)：477-485
[14]郑金鑫,崔维成.横向荷载作用下缺陷加筋板有效板宽的一个计算方法.航空学报,2002,23(1)：48-50
[15]俞焕然,王潘.具有初始缺陷变厚度圆板在复合荷载作用下的稳定性及优化.福州大学学报(自然科学版),1994,22(4)：90-95
[16]唐文勇,张圣坤,陈铁云.含初缺陷复合材料圆柱曲板的动力屈曲分析.1998,19(3)：228-234
[17]王元汉,刘再华,王建.多跨加筋板的动态裂纹扩展.航空学报,1993,14(3)：113-119
[18]王元功.冲击荷载作用下裂纹的动态响应分析.福州大学学报,1994,22(4)：1-9
[19]刘元镛,张刚,李玉龙,郭卫国.含裂纹板在冲击载荷作用下的失效准则.西北工业大学学 报,1996,14(2)：217-223
[20]杨庆生,杨卫.断裂过程的有限元模拟.计算力学学报,1997,14(4)：407-412
[21]Paik J.K.,Mansour A.E.,A simple formulation for predicting the ultimate strength of ships,Journal of Marine Science and Technology,2000, 1(1),P56-62;
[22]Zeinoddini M,Harding J E,Parke,Axially pre-loaded steel tubes subjected to lateral impacts an experimental study.International Journal of Impact Engineering,2002,27:669-690
[23]吉风贤,徐晓飞,姚卫星.多处损伤的疲劳裂纹扩展分析方法研究.机械强度,2003,25(3)：264-266
[24]张建宇,费斌军.疲劳多裂纹问题研究进展.力学与实践,2003,25(1)：6-10
[25]罗越刚,刘红克.钢板结构损伤对其动力特性的影响.沈阳工业大学学报,2004,24：30-33
[26]王志智,陈莉,聂学州.加筋板多处损伤疲劳裂纹扩展研究.机械强度,2004,26(s)：107-109
[27]杨继运,张行,张珉.含裂纹板断裂韧度厚度效应的理论与应用.机械工程学报,2005,41(11)：33-42
[28]张涛,刘土光,熊有伦,罗家智.加筋板结构止裂数值计算与实验研究.船舰科学技术,2005,27(5)：9-25
[29]张强,洪明.损伤引起加筋板结构屈曲形态变异研究.中国舰船研究,2007,2(1)：24-29
[30]赵秀峰,贾普荣,矫桂琼.冲击载荷下加筋板损伤行为研究.科学技术与工程,2007,7(12)：2803-2806
[31]喻健良,闫兴清.加筋板对含裂纹平板的止裂性能研究.石油化工设备,2008,37(5)：12-16
[32]李景阳,崔维成,王芳.中心穿透裂纹板在复杂载荷作用下的剩余极限强度分析.船舰科学技术,2009,31(8)：44-49
[33]安海,安伟光,赵维涛.具有多种缺陷的船舶结构系统的可靠性分析.中国科学,2010,40(10)：1256-1266
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