原油集输系统能耗分析与综合优化设计软件开发
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摘要
一方面,油田在产能建设过程中一般会采用加密井网的办法来保证原油稳产,因而,需要合理布局建设集输管网;另一方面,油田进入高含水、特高含水开发阶段后,地面生产系统负荷率普遍下降,运行效率降低,系统能耗升高,原油生产成本呈逐年上升趋势,必须进行能耗分析与能量最优利用研究,优化工艺流程。由此可见,研究开发“原油集输系统能耗分析与综合优化设计”应用软件,对于控制原油生产中能耗上升,降低原油生产成本,实现油田地面工程高效、低耗运行和科学管理将起到重要作用。
针对油田产能建设中加密油和新建管网与已建管网的布局方案优化设计问题,本文在建立优化模型过程中试图使尽可能多的新增节点进入已建管网系统,来减少投资和提高原油系统的负荷率。应用开发的软件对大庆油田第三采油厂北二西某区块的优化结果表明,2号转油站的负荷率提高了23.28%,脱水站的负荷率提高了5.12%。建立了单管树状和掺水集输管网多目标参数优化设计的数学模型,并用线性加权法将多目标优化问题转化为单目标优化问题,应用分层优化策略对模型进行求解。实例计算结果表明,与优化前相比,管网总投资降低5.64%,热力能耗降低39.55%。
将原油集输系统划分为联合站、转油站和管网三个子系统,并建立了系统能量平衡模型和能耗评价指标体系。应用开发的软件对大庆油田第三采油厂以北二二脱水站为中心的集输系统用能现状和能损分布规律进行了研究,结果表明热能利用率低是该地区集输系统能量利用的薄弱环节。该集输系统经过节能改造后,平均站效提高3.91%,平均管线能损率降低1.81%,热能利用率提高3.76%;电能利用率提高4.32%,年节省电量8.22×10~5 kW·h,年节省天然气3.83×10~5 m3。
将灰色系统理论中的灰色关联分析法应用于原油集输系统能耗影响因素分析中,实现了对集输系统能耗影响因素的定量分析。实例计算结果表明,对于所分析的集输系统而言,影响平均站效的主要因素是有效热能占总能耗的百分数。运用灰色系统预测理论中的GM(1,1)模型预测原油集输系统能耗状况,并对整个预测过程设计了适合计算机操作的预测流程,编制了相应的软件,实现了程序化预测。实例计算结果表明,模型的模拟精度可以达到二级,具有理想的预测效果。
On the one hand, measure of infilling well pattern has been adopted to guarantee stable production of crude oil in the oilfield during the increased production construction state. Therefore it’s badly in need of reasonable layout and construction of gathering network. On the other hand, as the oilfield is in high water and extra-high water cut stage, the problems, such as widespreadly declining load rate of surface producing system, decreasing operation efficiency, rising energy consumption of gathering system and increasing cost of crude oil production, are getting more serious. Therefore, it’s necessary to opitmize process links by research of energy consumption analysis and energy optimal utilization. Thus, research and development of“energy consumption analysis of oil gathering system and integrated optimizing design”application software will play an important role in controling energy consumption of oil production, reducing oil production cost and achieving efficient, low consumption, orderly adjustment and scientific management of oil fields surface engineering.
In order to solve the problem of layout scheme optimization design of infill well, new construction pipeline and old pipeline network system, the strategy of making as many new nodes as possible flow into old pipeline system is adopted in optimization model to reduce investment and improve system load rate. The optimization results of a block of Daqing Oilfield is that load rate of the secend transfer station increases 23.28% and load rate of the dehydration station increases 5.12%. Firstly, multi objective parameter optimization model of single-pipe tree and water-mixing gathering pipeline network is built; Secondly, multi-objective optimization model is changed into single-objective by using linear weighting method; Then single- objective optimization is solved by multi-level optimization strategy; Lastly, network optimized design of a block of gathering pipeline network is conducted by the use of of software, and result is that pipeline construction investment reduces 5.64%, thermal energy consumption reduces 39.55%.
Oil gathering and transportation system is divided into central gathering station, transfer station and dehydration station subsystem. Energy balance model and index system of energy consumption evaluation of each subsystem is separately built. Research on present situation of energy consumption and regularity of distribution of gathering system, the center of which is a dehydration station in Oil Recovery Plant No.3, Daqing Oilfield Corp.Ltd., is done by the use of the software. The results show that low heat energy utilization rate is the energy utilization weak links of the system in the region. After energy-saving reconstruction, average station efficiency of the system increases 3.91%, average pipeline energy dissipation rate reduces 1.81%, average heat energy utilization rate increases 3.76%, average electric energy utilization rate increases 4.32%, electricity-saving quantity per year is 6.58×10~5 kW·h and gas-saving quantity per year is 2.33×10~5 m3.
Gray relative analysis method is used into analyzing energy consumption influential factors of oil gathering and transportation system. As a result of this, analysis of the main energy consumption influential factors of the system is done quantificationally. The result of case calculation shows percentage of effective thermal energy in total energy consumption is the main influential factor of average station efficiency of the methoded system.GM (1, 1) model of gray system theory is used into predicting energy consumption level of oil gathering and transportation system. Predicting process of the whole prediction is designed which is fit for computer operation and a corresponding software is developed. Thus, the whole prediction can be done by the computer. The result of case calculation shows the model calculation precision can reach the second level and the prediction result is credible. Key Words:production construction; parameters optimization; energy consumption
针对油田产能建设中加密油和新建管网与已建管网的布局方案优化设计问题,本文在建立优化模型过程中试图使尽可能多的新增节点进入已建管网系统,来减少投资和提高原油系统的负荷率。应用开发的软件对大庆油田第三采油厂北二西某区块的优化结果表明,2号转油站的负荷率提高了23.28%,脱水站的负荷率提高了5.12%。建立了单管树状和掺水集输管网多目标参数优化设计的数学模型,并用线性加权法将多目标优化问题转化为单目标优化问题,应用分层优化策略对模型进行求解。实例计算结果表明,与优化前相比,管网总投资降低5.64%,热力能耗降低39.55%。
将原油集输系统划分为联合站、转油站和管网三个子系统,并建立了系统能量平衡模型和能耗评价指标体系。应用开发的软件对大庆油田第三采油厂以北二二脱水站为中心的集输系统用能现状和能损分布规律进行了研究,结果表明热能利用率低是该地区集输系统能量利用的薄弱环节。该集输系统经过节能改造后,平均站效提高3.91%,平均管线能损率降低1.81%,热能利用率提高3.76%;电能利用率提高4.32%,年节省电量8.22×10~5 kW·h,年节省天然气3.83×10~5 m3。
将灰色系统理论中的灰色关联分析法应用于原油集输系统能耗影响因素分析中,实现了对集输系统能耗影响因素的定量分析。实例计算结果表明,对于所分析的集输系统而言,影响平均站效的主要因素是有效热能占总能耗的百分数。运用灰色系统预测理论中的GM(1,1)模型预测原油集输系统能耗状况,并对整个预测过程设计了适合计算机操作的预测流程,编制了相应的软件,实现了程序化预测。实例计算结果表明,模型的模拟精度可以达到二级,具有理想的预测效果。
On the one hand, measure of infilling well pattern has been adopted to guarantee stable production of crude oil in the oilfield during the increased production construction state. Therefore it’s badly in need of reasonable layout and construction of gathering network. On the other hand, as the oilfield is in high water and extra-high water cut stage, the problems, such as widespreadly declining load rate of surface producing system, decreasing operation efficiency, rising energy consumption of gathering system and increasing cost of crude oil production, are getting more serious. Therefore, it’s necessary to opitmize process links by research of energy consumption analysis and energy optimal utilization. Thus, research and development of“energy consumption analysis of oil gathering system and integrated optimizing design”application software will play an important role in controling energy consumption of oil production, reducing oil production cost and achieving efficient, low consumption, orderly adjustment and scientific management of oil fields surface engineering.
In order to solve the problem of layout scheme optimization design of infill well, new construction pipeline and old pipeline network system, the strategy of making as many new nodes as possible flow into old pipeline system is adopted in optimization model to reduce investment and improve system load rate. The optimization results of a block of Daqing Oilfield is that load rate of the secend transfer station increases 23.28% and load rate of the dehydration station increases 5.12%. Firstly, multi objective parameter optimization model of single-pipe tree and water-mixing gathering pipeline network is built; Secondly, multi-objective optimization model is changed into single-objective by using linear weighting method; Then single- objective optimization is solved by multi-level optimization strategy; Lastly, network optimized design of a block of gathering pipeline network is conducted by the use of of software, and result is that pipeline construction investment reduces 5.64%, thermal energy consumption reduces 39.55%.
Oil gathering and transportation system is divided into central gathering station, transfer station and dehydration station subsystem. Energy balance model and index system of energy consumption evaluation of each subsystem is separately built. Research on present situation of energy consumption and regularity of distribution of gathering system, the center of which is a dehydration station in Oil Recovery Plant No.3, Daqing Oilfield Corp.Ltd., is done by the use of the software. The results show that low heat energy utilization rate is the energy utilization weak links of the system in the region. After energy-saving reconstruction, average station efficiency of the system increases 3.91%, average pipeline energy dissipation rate reduces 1.81%, average heat energy utilization rate increases 3.76%, average electric energy utilization rate increases 4.32%, electricity-saving quantity per year is 6.58×10~5 kW·h and gas-saving quantity per year is 2.33×10~5 m3.
Gray relative analysis method is used into analyzing energy consumption influential factors of oil gathering and transportation system. As a result of this, analysis of the main energy consumption influential factors of the system is done quantificationally. The result of case calculation shows percentage of effective thermal energy in total energy consumption is the main influential factor of average station efficiency of the methoded system.GM (1, 1) model of gray system theory is used into predicting energy consumption level of oil gathering and transportation system. Predicting process of the whole prediction is designed which is fit for computer operation and a corresponding software is developed. Thus, the whole prediction can be done by the computer. The result of case calculation shows the model calculation precision can reach the second level and the prediction result is credible. Key Words:production construction; parameters optimization; energy consumption
引文
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