耳声发射检测系统研究
摘要
耳声发射现象及其临床应用是二十世纪九十年代生物医学和耳科研究的
一项重要的进展，它揭示了耳除了具有感受声音的能力之外还具有主动发射
声波的能力，它的存在与否是听觉外周系统是否完好的客观指标。耳声发射
的检测将以其无创、客观、快速成为很有前途的耳科诊断手段。
本文针对人们已经了解到的耳声发射的特点设计了一种适合于听觉普查
的耳声发射检测系统，它既适合于检测瞬态诱发耳声发射（TEOAE）又适
合于检测畸变产物耳声发射（DPOAE）。采用了最新的数字信号处理芯片及
各种高性能、低功耗的集成电路芯片，具有灵活、便携、先进、成本低廉的
特点。
系统在硬件上采用高速数字信号处理单片机TMS320F206与通用单片
机AT89C52组成主从结构作为系统的核心，以先进的直接数字合成芯片作
为刺激信号产生单元，以高性能程控放大器和程控滤波器以及高速高分辨率
A/D转换器作为构成系统的输入通道，采用点阵液晶显示器进行汉字菜单与
图形显示，系统具有大容量存储和远传功能，并能与计算机直接通信，采用
便携式仪器的省电供电方案。在软件上采用成熟的信号处理技术以及最新的
小波分析技术进行耳声发射的信号处理，能获得满意的效果。
One of the most exciting advances in our understanding of
hearing processes during recent years has concerned the discovery of
otoacoustic emissions(OAEs). The recognition that the cochlea not
only receives sound, but also produces acoustic energy has been a
major factor in modifying recent thinking concerning cochlear
function. OAEs can be measured noninvasively, objectively and
quickly. Because OAEs in ears with certain types of hearing loss are
absent or reduced relative to those in normal ears, OAEs have great
potential for use in diagnosis of cochlear dysfunction.
In this paper we researched and designed an instrument for the
measurement of both TEOAE and DPOAE. In this instrument we use
two CPU structure (TMA320F206&AT89C52) , programmable
amplifier, programmable filter, direct digital synthesis chip, high
speed & high resolution AID converter and LCD. It has the functions
of remote transmission and communicating with computer directly. It
also has a power saving power board suited for portable instrument.
We adopted digital signal processing technology and wavelet analysis
method to realize the recognition of OAE signal. Wish to acquire
satisfactory result.
一项重要的进展，它揭示了耳除了具有感受声音的能力之外还具有主动发射
声波的能力，它的存在与否是听觉外周系统是否完好的客观指标。耳声发射
的检测将以其无创、客观、快速成为很有前途的耳科诊断手段。
本文针对人们已经了解到的耳声发射的特点设计了一种适合于听觉普查
的耳声发射检测系统，它既适合于检测瞬态诱发耳声发射（TEOAE）又适
合于检测畸变产物耳声发射（DPOAE）。采用了最新的数字信号处理芯片及
各种高性能、低功耗的集成电路芯片，具有灵活、便携、先进、成本低廉的
特点。
系统在硬件上采用高速数字信号处理单片机TMS320F206与通用单片
机AT89C52组成主从结构作为系统的核心，以先进的直接数字合成芯片作
为刺激信号产生单元，以高性能程控放大器和程控滤波器以及高速高分辨率
A/D转换器作为构成系统的输入通道，采用点阵液晶显示器进行汉字菜单与
图形显示，系统具有大容量存储和远传功能，并能与计算机直接通信，采用
便携式仪器的省电供电方案。在软件上采用成熟的信号处理技术以及最新的
小波分析技术进行耳声发射的信号处理，能获得满意的效果。
One of the most exciting advances in our understanding of
hearing processes during recent years has concerned the discovery of
otoacoustic emissions(OAEs). The recognition that the cochlea not
only receives sound, but also produces acoustic energy has been a
major factor in modifying recent thinking concerning cochlear
function. OAEs can be measured noninvasively, objectively and
quickly. Because OAEs in ears with certain types of hearing loss are
absent or reduced relative to those in normal ears, OAEs have great
potential for use in diagnosis of cochlear dysfunction.
In this paper we researched and designed an instrument for the
measurement of both TEOAE and DPOAE. In this instrument we use
two CPU structure (TMA320F206&AT89C52) , programmable
amplifier, programmable filter, direct digital synthesis chip, high
speed & high resolution AID converter and LCD. It has the functions
of remote transmission and communicating with computer directly. It
also has a power saving power board suited for portable instrument.
We adopted digital signal processing technology and wavelet analysis
method to realize the recognition of OAE signal. Wish to acquire
satisfactory result.
引文
[1] D.T.Kemp. Stimulated Acoustic Emissions from within the Human Auditory System. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 1978, 64(5): 1386-1391.
[2] M.L.Whitehead, B.B.Stagner, B.L.Lonsbury-Martin, et al. Measurement of Otoacoustic Emissions for Hearing Assessment. IEEE Engineering In Medical and Biology, 1994, 13(2): 210-226
[3] G. Tognola, F. Grandori, P. Ravazzani. Wavelet Analysis of Click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions. IEEE Transactions On Biomedical Engineering,Vol.45, No.6. June 1998:686-697
[4] P. Ravazzani, F. Grandori. Evoked Otoacaoustic Emission: Nonlinearities and Response Interpretation. IEEE Transactions On Biomedical Engineering,Vol.40, No.5, May 1993:500-504
[5] D.T.Kemp, S.Ryan, P. Bray. A Guide to the Effective Use of Otoacoustic Emissions. Ear and Heating, Vol. 11, No.2, 1990
[6] R.Probst, B.L.Lonsbury-Martin, G.K.Martin. A Review of Otoacoustic Emission. J Acoust Soc. Am.89(5), May 1991:2027-2067
[7] R.Lasky, J.Perlman, K.Hecox. Distortion-Product Otoacoustic Emissions in Human Newborns and Adults. Ear and Hearing, Vol. 13, No.6, 1992:430-441
[8] G.Tognola, P. Ravazzani, J.Ruohonen, et al. Time-Frequency Analysis of Acoustic Emissions: A Wavelet Approach. Proc. of the 17th Annual International Conf. of the IEEE Engineering in Medicin & Biology Society,1995
[9] J.Zhang,O.Ozdamar. Spectrographic Representation of Stimulus Nornmalized Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions. Proc. of the 17th Annual International Conf. of the IEEE Engineering in Medicin & Biology Society, 1995
[10] Zheng Ling, Yuanting Zhang, Yang Fusheng, et al. Decomposition of Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emission: A Study on the Latency-Frequency Relationship of Auditory System. The 23rd Canadian Medical and Biological Enginerring Societ Conference, 1997
[11] Zheng Ling, Yang Fusheng, Ye Datian, et al. Cochlea Modeling in regard to Otoacoustic Emissions.Proceedings of International Conference on Biomedical Engineering, 1996:50-53
[12] A.Gluzman, H.Kunov. On the Use of A 16-bit Multimedia Sound board in a Virtual Instrument for Hearing Assement. Proc. Of the 17th Annual International Conf. of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &Biology Society,1995:1609-1610
[13]P.M.Zurek. Detectability of Transient and Sinusoidal Otoacoustic Emissions.Ear and Hearing, Vol.13, No.5, 1992:307-310
[14]Ling Zheng, Yuan-Ting Zhang, Fu-Sheng Yang, and Da-Tian Ye. Synthesis and Decomposition of Transient-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions Based on an Active Auditory Model. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering,Vol.46, No.9, September 1999:1098-1106
[15]P. Ravazzani, G. Tognola, F. Grandori, J.Ruohonen. Two-Dimensional Filter to Facilitate Detection of Transient-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, Voi.45, No.9, September 1998:1089-1096
[16]TMS320C20X User's Guide. Texas Instruments. 1999
[17]杨福生．小波变换的工程分析与应用．科学出版社，1999
[18]郑玲．耳声发射的主动同胚模型的建立及其信号的小波分析．清华大学，1998
[19]彭玉华．小波变换与工程应用．科学出版社，1999
[20]张贤达，保铮．非平稳信号分析与处理．国防工业出版社，1998
[21]张贤达．现代信号处理．清华大学出版社，1996
[22]胡广书．数字信号处理-理论、算法与实现．清华大学出版社，1997
[23]曾义芳，张彦仲．信号处理单片机及应用．航天工业出版社，1996
[24]吴淼．现代工程信号处理及应用．中国矿业大学出版社，1997
[25]李兰友，韩其睿，江忠．数字信号处理单片机及其应用．电子工业出版社，1997
[26]姜(?)长，顾瑞．临床听力学．北京医科大学中国协和医科大学联合出版社，1999
[27]杨福生，郑玲，叶大田．耳声发射及其测量．现代科学仪器，1996，1：18～21
[28]郑玲，杨福生，叶大田．耳声发射及其信号处理问题．国外医学生物医学工程分册．1996．19(1)：13～19
[29]李丽明，林金森，张正国．耳声发射的研究进展-基础研究与临床应用．国外医学生物医学工程分册，1996，19(6)：325～329
[30]殷福亮．数字信号处理C语言程序集．辽宁科学技术出版社，1996
[31]胡昌华，张军波，夏军，张伟．基于MATLAB的系统分析与设计-小波分析．西安电子科技大学出版社，1999
[32]楼顺天，李博菡．基于MATLAB的系统分析与设计-信号处理，西安电子科技大学出版社，1999
[33]高俊斌．MATLAB5.0语言与程序设计．华中理工大学出版社，1998
[2] M.L.Whitehead, B.B.Stagner, B.L.Lonsbury-Martin, et al. Measurement of Otoacoustic Emissions for Hearing Assessment. IEEE Engineering In Medical and Biology, 1994, 13(2): 210-226
[3] G. Tognola, F. Grandori, P. Ravazzani. Wavelet Analysis of Click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions. IEEE Transactions On Biomedical Engineering,Vol.45, No.6. June 1998:686-697
[4] P. Ravazzani, F. Grandori. Evoked Otoacaoustic Emission: Nonlinearities and Response Interpretation. IEEE Transactions On Biomedical Engineering,Vol.40, No.5, May 1993:500-504
[5] D.T.Kemp, S.Ryan, P. Bray. A Guide to the Effective Use of Otoacoustic Emissions. Ear and Heating, Vol. 11, No.2, 1990
[6] R.Probst, B.L.Lonsbury-Martin, G.K.Martin. A Review of Otoacoustic Emission. J Acoust Soc. Am.89(5), May 1991:2027-2067
[7] R.Lasky, J.Perlman, K.Hecox. Distortion-Product Otoacoustic Emissions in Human Newborns and Adults. Ear and Hearing, Vol. 13, No.6, 1992:430-441
[8] G.Tognola, P. Ravazzani, J.Ruohonen, et al. Time-Frequency Analysis of Acoustic Emissions: A Wavelet Approach. Proc. of the 17th Annual International Conf. of the IEEE Engineering in Medicin & Biology Society,1995
[9] J.Zhang,O.Ozdamar. Spectrographic Representation of Stimulus Nornmalized Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions. Proc. of the 17th Annual International Conf. of the IEEE Engineering in Medicin & Biology Society, 1995
[10] Zheng Ling, Yuanting Zhang, Yang Fusheng, et al. Decomposition of Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emission: A Study on the Latency-Frequency Relationship of Auditory System. The 23rd Canadian Medical and Biological Enginerring Societ Conference, 1997
[11] Zheng Ling, Yang Fusheng, Ye Datian, et al. Cochlea Modeling in regard to Otoacoustic Emissions.Proceedings of International Conference on Biomedical Engineering, 1996:50-53
[12] A.Gluzman, H.Kunov. On the Use of A 16-bit Multimedia Sound board in a Virtual Instrument for Hearing Assement. Proc. Of the 17th Annual International Conf. of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &Biology Society,1995:1609-1610
[13]P.M.Zurek. Detectability of Transient and Sinusoidal Otoacoustic Emissions.Ear and Hearing, Vol.13, No.5, 1992:307-310
[14]Ling Zheng, Yuan-Ting Zhang, Fu-Sheng Yang, and Da-Tian Ye. Synthesis and Decomposition of Transient-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions Based on an Active Auditory Model. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering,Vol.46, No.9, September 1999:1098-1106
[15]P. Ravazzani, G. Tognola, F. Grandori, J.Ruohonen. Two-Dimensional Filter to Facilitate Detection of Transient-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, Voi.45, No.9, September 1998:1089-1096
[16]TMS320C20X User's Guide. Texas Instruments. 1999
[17]杨福生．小波变换的工程分析与应用．科学出版社，1999
[18]郑玲．耳声发射的主动同胚模型的建立及其信号的小波分析．清华大学，1998
[19]彭玉华．小波变换与工程应用．科学出版社，1999
[20]张贤达，保铮．非平稳信号分析与处理．国防工业出版社，1998
[21]张贤达．现代信号处理．清华大学出版社，1996
[22]胡广书．数字信号处理-理论、算法与实现．清华大学出版社，1997
[23]曾义芳，张彦仲．信号处理单片机及应用．航天工业出版社，1996
[24]吴淼．现代工程信号处理及应用．中国矿业大学出版社，1997
[25]李兰友，韩其睿，江忠．数字信号处理单片机及其应用．电子工业出版社，1997
[26]姜(?)长，顾瑞．临床听力学．北京医科大学中国协和医科大学联合出版社，1999
[27]杨福生，郑玲，叶大田．耳声发射及其测量．现代科学仪器，1996，1：18～21
[28]郑玲，杨福生，叶大田．耳声发射及其信号处理问题．国外医学生物医学工程分册．1996．19(1)：13～19
[29]李丽明，林金森，张正国．耳声发射的研究进展-基础研究与临床应用．国外医学生物医学工程分册，1996，19(6)：325～329
[30]殷福亮．数字信号处理C语言程序集．辽宁科学技术出版社，1996
[31]胡昌华，张军波，夏军，张伟．基于MATLAB的系统分析与设计-小波分析．西安电子科技大学出版社，1999
[32]楼顺天，李博菡．基于MATLAB的系统分析与设计-信号处理，西安电子科技大学出版社，1999
[33]高俊斌．MATLAB5.0语言与程序设计．华中理工大学出版社，1998