嵌入式PLC编程器的研制
摘要
任何项目的开发都是一定历史时代科技发展的产物,都受到当时技术水平的制约。随着计算机技术、嵌入式技术、存储器技术的飞速发展,这些先进的科学技术应用到可编程控制器(PLC)编程器的研制中,扩大存储器容量、通讯更加灵活、可靠性更高,可以改善编程器的功能等。本课题提出设计一种新型嵌入式PLC编程器的装置,满足现代工业控制发展的要求,对我国PLC的发展和应用非常有意义。本文以ARM(Advanced RISC Machines)为控制核心,应用数据结构理论、软件工程理论、操作系统理论和嵌入式技术等,设计一种新型嵌入式PLC编程器装置,取得的主要成果归纳如下:
(1)以主控芯片LPC2478为核心,建立PLC编程器装置的硬件平台,包括键盘模块、液晶显示模块、存储器模块、电源管理模块、通讯模块等,预留一些扩展接口,便于与其它外设连接。
(2)以嵌入式操作系统uC/OS-II为核心,建立PLC编程器软件系统,完成对PLC指令语句的编辑、修改、删除、查找、插入、保存和编译等功能,与小型PLC主机通讯,实现PLC程序代码的传输和下载,PLC运行状态的监控等,软件系统具有良好的人机交互界面功能。
(3)针对32位新型PLC基本指令与步进指令系统设计规划书,应用数据结构理论(如二叉树知识、插入排序算法和二分法查找算法等)和编译原理(如有限自动机原理等),研究了PLC指令语句的编译算法和反编译算法。
(4)实现异步串行接口或USB-CAN200适配器与计算机进行通讯,并编制了与之配套的应用程序,完成了通过串行接口或USB-CAN200适配器接口从ARM开发板到计算机之间的通讯以及计算机到ARM开发板之间的通讯。
(5)根据界面设计友好的要求,设计了密码录入界面、系统主界面、PLC指令语句处理界面、关键词查找界面、通讯界面等。
(6)根据PLC编程器系统功能划分了系统任务,根据任务的重要性确定了任务的优先级,设计了系统启动程序和加载程序,建立了系统消息队列和传递机制。
(7)对PLC编程器系统进行了功能测试、性能测试以及可靠性测试,经测试已达到课题所提出的要求。
Research of any project is the result of science and technology development of a certain historical era and it is subject to the constraints of technology level at that time. With the rapid development of computer technology, embedded technology, memory technology the advanced science and technology to the programmable logic controller (PLC) in the development programmer may expand the memory capacity, more flexible communication, higher reliability, improving the function of the programmer and so on. Therefore, the purpose of this research project proposed a new embedded PLC programmer device to meet the requirements of modern industrial control development, developing and applying PLC in our nation is very meaningful.
In this paper, ARM (Advanced RISC Machines) is used as the control center, applying data structure theory, software engineering theory, operating systems theory and embedded technology and so on, researching and designing a new type device of embedded PLC Programmer, the main results obtained are summarized as follows:
(1) The master chip LPC2478 is used as the core which set up PLC hardware platform, it includes the keyboard module, LCD module, memory module, power management module, communication module, etc, reserved for expansion interfaces for connecting with other peripherals.
(2) The embedded operating system uC/OS-II is used as the core which established the PLC programming software system, it achieves the function of editing, modifying, deleting, searching, inserting, saving and compiling the PLC instruction, communicationing with small PLC realizes to transport PLC program code, monitor the operational status of PLC and download the object code from the PLC host etc, they have the function of good man-machine interface.
(3) According to the new system design planning book with the 32 basic instructions and step instruction and applying data structures theory (such as the knowledge of binary tree, insertion sort algorithm and binary search algorithms,etc.) and compiler theory (such as finite automata theory, etc.) which research the compilation algorithms and decompilation algorithms of the PLC instruction statement.
(4) Realizing communication with the computer by asynchronous serial interface or USB-CAN200 adapter, In addition, writing code with the associated application, implementing to convey the object code from ARM to the computer, in the computer these object code decompiled are displayed. By writing PLC code in the computer compile it, it is passed to ARM device and it decompiles these object codes from PC and shows PLC source code.
(5) According to the requirements based on friendly interface design it design the password entry interface, the main interface, PLC interface command statement processing, keyword search interface, communications interface and so on.
(6) The system tasks are allocated according to the system function, the priorities of the task are determined according to the importance of the task, which design the system boot and loader program and establish a system message queue and delivery mechanisms.
(7) The system function of the PLC programmer device is tested, the performance of the PLC programmer device is tested, the reliability of the PLC programmer device is tested, the results obtained have reached the requests.
(1)以主控芯片LPC2478为核心,建立PLC编程器装置的硬件平台,包括键盘模块、液晶显示模块、存储器模块、电源管理模块、通讯模块等,预留一些扩展接口,便于与其它外设连接。
(2)以嵌入式操作系统uC/OS-II为核心,建立PLC编程器软件系统,完成对PLC指令语句的编辑、修改、删除、查找、插入、保存和编译等功能,与小型PLC主机通讯,实现PLC程序代码的传输和下载,PLC运行状态的监控等,软件系统具有良好的人机交互界面功能。
(3)针对32位新型PLC基本指令与步进指令系统设计规划书,应用数据结构理论(如二叉树知识、插入排序算法和二分法查找算法等)和编译原理(如有限自动机原理等),研究了PLC指令语句的编译算法和反编译算法。
(4)实现异步串行接口或USB-CAN200适配器与计算机进行通讯,并编制了与之配套的应用程序,完成了通过串行接口或USB-CAN200适配器接口从ARM开发板到计算机之间的通讯以及计算机到ARM开发板之间的通讯。
(5)根据界面设计友好的要求,设计了密码录入界面、系统主界面、PLC指令语句处理界面、关键词查找界面、通讯界面等。
(6)根据PLC编程器系统功能划分了系统任务,根据任务的重要性确定了任务的优先级,设计了系统启动程序和加载程序,建立了系统消息队列和传递机制。
(7)对PLC编程器系统进行了功能测试、性能测试以及可靠性测试,经测试已达到课题所提出的要求。
Research of any project is the result of science and technology development of a certain historical era and it is subject to the constraints of technology level at that time. With the rapid development of computer technology, embedded technology, memory technology the advanced science and technology to the programmable logic controller (PLC) in the development programmer may expand the memory capacity, more flexible communication, higher reliability, improving the function of the programmer and so on. Therefore, the purpose of this research project proposed a new embedded PLC programmer device to meet the requirements of modern industrial control development, developing and applying PLC in our nation is very meaningful.
In this paper, ARM (Advanced RISC Machines) is used as the control center, applying data structure theory, software engineering theory, operating systems theory and embedded technology and so on, researching and designing a new type device of embedded PLC Programmer, the main results obtained are summarized as follows:
(1) The master chip LPC2478 is used as the core which set up PLC hardware platform, it includes the keyboard module, LCD module, memory module, power management module, communication module, etc, reserved for expansion interfaces for connecting with other peripherals.
(2) The embedded operating system uC/OS-II is used as the core which established the PLC programming software system, it achieves the function of editing, modifying, deleting, searching, inserting, saving and compiling the PLC instruction, communicationing with small PLC realizes to transport PLC program code, monitor the operational status of PLC and download the object code from the PLC host etc, they have the function of good man-machine interface.
(3) According to the new system design planning book with the 32 basic instructions and step instruction and applying data structures theory (such as the knowledge of binary tree, insertion sort algorithm and binary search algorithms,etc.) and compiler theory (such as finite automata theory, etc.) which research the compilation algorithms and decompilation algorithms of the PLC instruction statement.
(4) Realizing communication with the computer by asynchronous serial interface or USB-CAN200 adapter, In addition, writing code with the associated application, implementing to convey the object code from ARM to the computer, in the computer these object code decompiled are displayed. By writing PLC code in the computer compile it, it is passed to ARM device and it decompiles these object codes from PC and shows PLC source code.
(5) According to the requirements based on friendly interface design it design the password entry interface, the main interface, PLC interface command statement processing, keyword search interface, communications interface and so on.
(6) The system tasks are allocated according to the system function, the priorities of the task are determined according to the importance of the task, which design the system boot and loader program and establish a system message queue and delivery mechanisms.
(7) The system function of the PLC programmer device is tested, the performance of the PLC programmer device is tested, the reliability of the PLC programmer device is tested, the results obtained have reached the requests.
引文
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[2] http://baike.baidu.com/view/6115.htm百度百科
[3]游佳.基于嵌入式Linux的自主寻迹机器人的研究[D]:湖南:中南大学,2009
[4] B. Valentine, J. Choi, S. Apewokin, L. Wills, S. Wills, Bypassing bigbackground: an efficient background model for embedded video surveillance, in: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Distributed Smart Cameras, 2008
[5] A.Jantsch and I.Sander. Models of computation and languages for embedded system design[J] . IEE Proceeding computers & Digital Techniques,2005, NO.2:20~23
[6] EA.LEE and S.Neuendorffer. Concurrent models of computation for Embedded software[J]. IEE Proceeding computers & Digital Techniques,2005, No.7: 239~250
[7] Wei-Tek Tsai,Xiao Wei,Ray Paul,Jen-Yao Chung,Qian Huang,Yinong Chen. Service-oriented system engineering (SOSE) and its applications to embedded system development[J]. Service Oriented Computing and Applications, 2007,1(1) :78~79
[8]张瑜.基于嵌入式技术的塔机运行状态实时监测系统的研制[D]:浙江:浙江工业大学,2009
[9] http://baike.baidu.com/view/13561.htm百度百科
[10] P.Mishra and N.Dute. Architecture description languages for programmable embedded systems[J] . Embedded Microelectronic systems ,2005 No.6:250~261
[11]廖常初.可编程序控制器应用技术[M].重庆大学出版社,2002.8:4~6
[12]方承远,张振国.电气控制与可编程序控制技术[M].化学工业出版社,2006:60~88
[13]程安安.连续滚筒式沥青搅拌站控制系统的研究[D]:陕西:西安科技大学,2009
[14]徐娓.PLC控制系统设计的要点[J].科教文汇,2010(21):88~112
[15]朱绍胜.基于PLC的车床液压回路控制系统设计[J].液压气动与密封,2010.30(3):46~48
[16]彭瑜,严义,宋华振,徐昌荣.PLC技术的可持续发展[J].自动化博览,2010.27(8):26~28
[17] A. Ali, M. Al_Soud, E. Abdallah and S. Addallah, Water pumping system with PLC and frequency control, Jordan Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering 3 (2009), pp. 216~221
[18] Behary M, Ah King RTF, Rughooputh HCS. Automation of sugar boiling process in batch vacuum pans using ABB-freelance PLC (AC 800F) and conductor NT SCADA. In: IEEE international conference on industrial technology. 2004. p. 853~8
[19] A. Honda, F. Okano, K. Ooshima, N. Akino, K. Kikuchi, Y. Tanai, et al., PLC control of NBI cryogenic facility for JT-60U, JAEA-Technology 2006-020, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2006 (in Japanese)
[20] D. Tvorogov, X.-J. Wang, R. Zent and G. Carpenter, Integrin-dependent PLC-gamma1 phosphorylation mediates fibronectin-dependent adhesion, J. Cell Sci. 118 (2005), pp. 601~610
[21] Ramazan Bayindir, Yucel Cetinceviz.A water pumping control system with a programmable logic controller (PLC) and industrial wireless modules for industrial plants—An experimental setup,ISA Transactions, Volume 50, Issue 2, April 2011, Pages 321~328
[22]唐明军.基于ARM的可编程控制器的研制[D]:江苏:南京信息工程大学,2007
[23]蔡启仲,李克俭,罗功坤,潘绍明,任伟,刘步林.新型便携式PLC编程装置[P].中国:ZL 2009 2 0271566.2,2010-09-15
[24]杜春雷.ARM体系结构与编程[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2003:108~199
[25]李慧强,程广河.两种嵌入式PLC执行机制的比较分析与验证[J].自动化仪表,2008:17~22
[26]桂电丰宝联合实验室编著.ARM原理与嵌入式应用.电子工业出版社,2008:241~243
[27] K.J. Ning, R.Q. Yang, W.J. Zhang and X.H. Weng, Development and experiment of an inverse displacement solution for manipulator’s embedded controller, Robot 27 (2005), pp. 256~260
[28]周立功.深入浅出ARM7[M].广州致远电子有限公司,2008:81~83
[29]袁鹏飞.基于SOC的数字视频加解密系统研究[D]:江苏:南京航空航天大学,2008
[30]成光华.基于TTR的汽车侧翻预警器设计[D]:江苏:南京航空航天大学,2008
[31]胡炜.基于ARM9的安全保密U盘的实现[D]:四川:电子科技大学,2008
[32]日本三菱公司,FX2N系列中小型可编程控制器使用手册[S].2000:128~389
[33]王拾亦.基于ARM的嵌入式数据存储系统研究[D]:山西:太原科技大学,2009
[34]任伟,蔡启仲.基于ARM7的PLC编程器的设计[J].仪表技术与传感器,2010(4):73~75
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