摘要
近年来以保护环境、保护人类健康为名的技术贸易壁垒越来越成为限制我国纺织服装出口的手段。纺织品的加工及生产过程中必然要使用到的纺织原料、浆料、糊料、染料以及生产加工设备等都在一定程度上影响着纺织品的生态指标,其中纺织印染助剂从数量和种类上来看消耗量最多。当前印染助剂研制和开发的重点就是以环保绿色表面活性剂为原料,以高新技术为手段研发环保型的纺织印染前处理助剂。
天然无机矿物由于具有优良的物化性能,而且对环境友好,已经成为生态环保型印染助剂研发人员的首选原料之一。
以钙基膨润土为原料,用盐酸将其进行酸化,通过实验分析盐酸改性膨润土工艺中时间、温度、液固比、酸浓度对酸改性膨润土活性度的影响。得出钙基膨润土盐酸改性最佳工艺条件为:活化温度为90℃,盐酸浓度为2.5mol/L,活化时间为4h,液固比为4∶1。
用壳聚糖作改性剂将钠基膨润土进行改性,研究了壳聚糖用量及壳聚糖的脱乙酰度对壳聚糖改性膨润土吸附性能的影响,确定了制备壳聚糖改性膨润土时壳聚糖与膨润土的质量比为1∶6,所用改性剂壳聚糖的脱乙酰度为85%。
将制备的盐酸改性膨润土应用于纯棉织物退、煮、漂冷轧堆一步法前处理工艺中作氧漂稳定剂使用,实验分析了双氧水用量、氢氧化钠用量及自制盐酸改性土的投加量对前处理中织物的白度、毛效及强力的影响,并确定盐酸改性膨润土应用在纯棉织物退、煮、漂冷轧堆短流程前处理中,最佳工艺为:过氧化氢的浓度为55g/L左右,烧碱浓度选择为50g/L,盐酸改性膨润土用量为5g/L时,处理后织物的白度、毛效及强力较理想。
将制备的壳聚糖改性膨润土作活性染色净洗剂应用于活性染色净洗工艺中,分析了壳聚糖改性膨润土在净洗工艺中的用量、净洗温度、净洗时间等因素对四种活性染料染色净洗后的K/S值、水洗牢度的影响,确定壳聚糖改性膨润土作活性染料染色净洗剂时,最佳的工艺条件为:壳聚糖改性膨润土在净洗工艺中用量3.0g/L,活性染色净洗工艺的温度为95℃,活性染色净洗工艺的时间为16min。
In recent years, the technical barriers to trade in the name of protecting the environment and human health become more and more restrictions the means of Chinese textile and clothing exports. Textile processing and manufacturing process must be used to the textile raw materials, slurry, paste, dyes, as well as production and processing equipment and so, affected the ecological indicators of textile products to a certain extent, which textile auxiliaries from the amount and types of point of view a maximum of consumption.
Current research and development of printing and dyeing auxiliaries is to focus on environmentally friendly green surfactant as raw materials in order to develop environmentally-friendly high-tech as a means of pre-treatment of textile printing and dyeing auxiliaries.
Natural inorganic minerals due to its excellent physical and chemical properties, but also environmentally friendly, has become one of the preferred raw material to the studier of eco-environment-friendly printing and dyeing auxiliary.
Calcium-bentonite as raw material, be carried out with hydrochloric acid, through the Experimental Analysis of time, temperature, liquid-solid ratio, acid concentration in the modified bentonite process to the impact on the activity degree of acid-modified bentonite.
The optimum conditions to modification of Ca-bentonite hydrochloric acid are as folows: activation temperature 90℃, hydrochloric acid concentration 2.5mol/L, activation time 4h, liquid-solid ratio 4:1.
Modified the sodium-bentonite with the modifier of chitosan, to study the dosage of chitosan and the degree of deacetylation of chitosan to the impact on washing properties of modified bentonite,and determinedthat: the mass ratio of chitosan and bentonite 1:6 when preparation of shell polysaccharide bentonite. The degree of deacetylation of modifier of chitosan uesd was 85%.
The preparation of hydrochloric acid-modified bentonite used as oxygen bleaching stabilizer was used in cotton fabric desizing, scouring, bleaching, cold pad-batch bleaching in the pre-treatment process, experimental analysis of the amount of hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide, the dosage of self-modification hydrochloric acid-modified bentonite to the impact on the whiteness, capillary effect and breaking strong of pre-treatment fabric.And defined the the best process of hydrochloric acid bentonite used in cotton fabric desizing, scouring, bleaching, cold pad-batch bleaching process a short pre-treatment were as follows: hydrogen peroxide concentration 55g/L, the concentration of caustic soda 50g/L, bentonite modified by hydrochloric acid 5g/L, the treated fabric whiteness, capillary effect and breaking strength much more desirable.
Bentonite modified by chitosan for detergent used in the reactive dyeing wash process of cotton fabric, and analysised the factor of the amount, washing temperature, Washing time of bentonite modified by chitosan, which to the impact on four kinds of reactive dyeing of the K/S value and washing fastness. And determined the optimum washing conditions, the best process conditions are as follows: bentonite modified by chitosan 3.0g/L, washing temperature 95℃, washing time 16min.
引文
[1]张建乐.国内膨润土新用途的开发与研究现状.河南地质情报, 1995,(2): 24-28
[2]杨秀红,袁江,杨秀敏,等.改性膨润土研究进展.金属矿山, 2009,(4): 150-153
[3]王连军,黄中华,刘晓东,等.膨润土的改性研究.工业水处理, 1999,19(1): 9-11
[4]于瑞莲,胡恭任.焙烧改性膨润土处理垃圾渗透液.华侨大学学报, 2004,25(4): 423-425
[5]陈集,饶小桐,许源,等.用加碳焙烧法对膨润土改性研究.西南石油学院学报, 2002, 24(4): 65-67
[6]熊幕幕.酸化活性膨润土工业条件研究.信阳师范学院学报, 2004, 17(3): 325-327
[7]孙传庆,武占省,李春,等.不同酸化剂对乌兰林格膨润土活化效果的影响.化工矿物与加工, 2007,(2): 19-21
[8]胡恭任,于瑞莲.酸改性膨润土处理含铅废水.中国矿业, 2007, 16(2): 100-102
[9]刘阳,汪永清,陈虎,等.膨润土的改性及其应用.中国陶瓷工业, 2001,8(2): 39-42
[10] K. R. SRINIVASAN, H. S. FOGLER. Use of Inorgano-Organo-Clays in the Removal Priority Pollutants from Industrial Wastewaters. Structural Aspects ,Clays and Clay Minerals, 1990, 38 (3): 277- 286
[11] K. R. SRINIVASAN, H. S. FOGLER. Use of Inorgano-Organo-Clays in the Removal Priority Pollutants from Industrial Wastewaters. Adsorption of Benzo Pyrene and Chlorophenols, Clays and Clay Minerals, 1990, 38(3): 287-293
[12]毛俊云,薛国新,徐晓霞,等.钠基膨润土的有机改性.造纸化学品, 2008, 20(2): 11-14
[13]温佩,武文杰,赵立辉.膨润土的改性及应用研究进展.化工技术与开发, 2008, 37(2): 27-31
[14]刘永红,万信标,李爱华.膨润土的改性及其对水体中Zn2+的净化作用.化学与生物工程, 2007, 24(3): 34-35
[15]应根其,甘雪峰,胡爱连.有机膨润土的制备研究.化工矿物与加工, 2007, (12): 5-8
[16]杨杰.膨润土及膨润土改性产品在化学工程中的应用及前景.化学工程与设备,2008, (4): 84-87
[17] J. A. SMITH, A. GALAN. Sorption of Nonionic Organic Contaminatants to Single and Dual Organic Cation Bentonites from Water. Environ. Sci. Technol, 1995, 29(3): 685-692
[18] Y. H. MEHTA. Preparation of Arganobentonite Using Nonionic Surfactants. Chemosphere, 2001, (44): 989-995
[19] M. R. JULIA, L. ROBERT. Preparation of A-alumina-supported mesoporous bentonite mesoporous bentonite membranes for reverse osmosis desalination of aqueoussolutions. Journalof Colloid and Interface Science , 2004, (273): 540-546
[20] A. GULTEK, I. GALIP, T. SECKIN. Preparation and Characterization of Polybenzim Ida-Zole-Clay Hybrid Materials. Materials Science and Engineering, 2004, 10(7): 166-171
[21] M. S. BENTOUAMI. Cadmium Removal from Aqueous Solutions by Hydroxy-8 Quinoline in Tercalated Bentonite. Journal of Cooloid and Interface Science, 2006, 29(2): 270-277
[22] F. A. BANAT, B.A.BASSHIR, S. A. ASHEH, et al. Adsorption of Phenol by Bentonite. Environmental Pollution, 2000, 107(3): 391-398
[23]曾秀琼.无机-有机膨润土对活性艳红染料废水的处理.环境科学与技术, 2000, (3): 30-32
[24]马勇,王恩德,邵红.膨润土负载壳聚糖制备吸附剂.应用化学, 2004, 21(6): 597-560
[25]万清黎,王琼生,黄群增,等.膨润土-壳聚糖复合吸附剂处理水中Cr的研究.工业用水与废水, 2006, 37(1): 44-47
[26]姚永丽,阮久海,何谨馨.膨润土改性及其在棉活性染料染色净洗中的作用.印染助剂, 2006, 23(3): 18-20
[27]郭晓,陈彦模,张瑜,等.聚丙烯/聚苯乙烯/膨润土共混纤维研究.合成纤维工业, 2008, 2(31): 12-15
[28]王重,谢士光,陈德芳,等.有机膨润土的合成及应用综述.辽宁化工, 2000, 29(1): 36-39
[29]恢建荣,周立群.膨润土糊料在活性染料印花中的应用.染整技术, 1999, 21(3): 25-26
[30]刘玉山.蒙脱石印花糊料的研究与应用.非金属矿, 1993, (2): 45-47
[31]姚永丽,阮久海,何谨馨.膨润土改性及其在棉活性染料染色净洗中的应用.印染助剂, 2006, 23(3): 18-20
[32]张旋,姜洪雷,曲和玲.印染废水处理技术的研究进展.山东轻工业学院学报, 2007, 21(1): 73-76
[33]赵大传,朱艳秋,张瑞海.膨润土改性及其在染料废水处理中的应用.山东建筑工程学院学报, 2006, 21(3): 234-238
[34] F. A. BANAT, B. A. BASSHIR, S. A. ASHEH, et al. Adsorption of Phenol by Bentonite. Environmental Pollution, 2000, 107(3): 391-398
[35] S. A. FAWZI, B. LEENA B, A. AITAH. Contaminated Site Investgation and Remediation of Chlorinated Aromatic Compounds .Separation and Purification Technology, 2003, 31 (1): 37 - 40
[36]聂锦旭,肖贤明.改性膨润土处理染色废水的试验研究.化工矿物与加工, 2006, (6): 15-17
[37] S. HOUSHYAN. Simultaneous removal of Acid Dye and Cationic Surfactant from Water by Bentonite in One-Step Process. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2008, 13(9): 503–509
[38]薛丹,路世昌.我国纺织业出口现状分析与对策研究.产业与科技论坛,2009, 8(2): 44-45
[39]罗琳.我国纺织业出口影响因素及发展对策.国际经贸, 2008, (11): 9-10
[40]许益.纺织印染助剂:从生态安全性做起.纺织导报, 2009, (4): 37-48
[41]刘旭峰.染整前处理绿色助剂及新型前处理工艺.日用化学品科学, 2007, 30(8): 21-24
[42]张太亮,黄志宇,莫军,等.膨润土改性作用机理及改性方法研究.钻采工艺, 2006, 29 (6): 102-103
[43]张艳,郝龙云,蔡玉青,等.短流程工艺中氧漂稳定剂的发展.染整技术, 2007, 29(3): 28-31
[44]陈爽,高文翰.膨润土改性及其应用展望.中国环境管理, 2008, (2): 27-28
[45]杨性坤,杨莹琴,周涛,等.膨润土的改性研究新进展.信阳师范学院学报, 2004, 17(4): 491-494
[46] J. SANTAREN. European Market Development for Absorbent Clays. Industrial Minerals, 1993, (8): 35-47
[47] T. KENDALL. Bentonite—Major Market Review. Industrial Minerals, 1996, (5): 25-37
[48] R. L. VIRTA. Clay and Shale. Minerals Yearbook:: Metals and Minerals. U.S. Geological Survey, 1999, (1): 181-188
[49] P. FALARAS. Cottonseed Oil Bleaching by Acid-Activated Montmorillonite. Clay Mineral, 1999, 34(2): 221-232
[50] G. E. CHRISTIDIA, P. W. SCOTT, A. C. DUNHAM. Acid Activation and Bleaching Capacity of Bentonites form the Island of Milos and Chios, Aegean, Greece. Applied Clay Science, 1997, 12(4): 329-347
[51]冯启明,彭同江,周玉林.膨润土活化工艺改进再探.中国非金属矿工业导刊, 2000, (5): 59-61
[52]刘晓东,吕宪俊,邱俊.活性白土研究探讨.山东化工, 2004, 4(33): 16-19
[53]张春清,张友平,杜庆华.稀土在棉织物前处理短流程中催化机理的探讨与应用.黑龙江纺织, 2001, (2): 19-20
[54]孙晓日,林翠花.氧漂稳定剂的稳定性理论及其制备.潍坊学院学报. 2005, 5(6): 101-104
[55]黄茂福.略论双氧水漂白稳定剂(二).印染, 1999, (2): 53-55
[56]马勇,王恩德,邵悦,等.膨润土负载壳聚糖对陈醋的澄清作用.食品科技, 2004, (3): 39-42
[57] W. S. WNGAH, A. KAMARI, Y. KOAY. Equilibrium and Kinetics Studies of Adsorption of Copper(II) on Chitosan and Chitosan/PVA Beads. Int. J. Biol. Macromol, 2004, 34(3): 155-161
[58] F. C. BENNA, R. L. TSENG, R. S. JUANG. Enhanced Abilities of Highly Swollen Chitosan Beads for Color Removal and Tyrosinase Immobilization. J. Hazard M ater, 2001, 122(81): 167-177
[59] M. MICHIAKI, M. TOMOTSUGU. Adsorption mechanism of boric acid on chitosan resin modified by saccharides. Journal of Chemical Engineering of Japan, 1999, 32(2):190-196
[60]马勇,王恩德,邵红.膨润土负载壳聚糖制备吸附剂.应用化学, 2004, 21(6): 597-600
[61]刘维俊,刘兰侠,刘志芳,等.壳聚糖改性膨润土吸附剂的研制及其吸附性能研究.化学世界, 2005, (7): 385-388
[62]万清黎,王琼生,黄群增,等.膨润土-壳聚糖复合吸附剂处理水中Cr(Ⅵ)的研究.工业用水与废水, 2006, 37(1): 44-47
[63]马娟娟,刘霖,王新龙,等.壳聚糖-蒙脱土复合材料对活性艳橙X-GN吸附行为的研究.化学研究与应用, 2009, 21(4): 562-565
[64]杨莹琴,陈慧娟.壳聚糖插层膨润土的制备及其对Zn2+的吸附.信阳师范学院学报, 2007, 20(3): 338-340
[65]刘秉涛,李瑞涛,姜安玺.膨润土负载壳聚糖对活性染料吸附平衡的研究.黑龙江大学自然科学学报, 2006, 23(3): 345-348
[66]薛旭婷,李玲,何瑾馨.膨润土负载壳聚糖在活性染色净洗中的应用.印染, 2009, (1): 1-4
[67] G. C. STEENKAMP , K .KEIZER, H .W. NEOMAGUS , et al .Copper Removal from Wter Alumina/Chitosan Composite Membranes. J. Membr Sci. ,2002 ,197(1): 147-156.
[68]章杰.现代活性染料技术进展(一).印染, 2001, (1): 47-49
[69]展义臻,赵雪.活性染料常用净洗剂的研究进展.染整技术, 2009, 31(6 ): 40-43
[70]杨健,章非娟.余志荣.有机工业废水处理理论与技术.北京,化学工业出版社, 2004: 16-21