基于PC的虚拟样机集成仿真平台及其关键技术的研究
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摘要
当今,产品需求的多样化进一步扩大,个性化需求得到迅速增强,能否以最短的时间和最低的成本设计出适应市场需求、质量最好、环境负荷最小的产品将决定一个企业的效益乃至生存。虚拟样机技术无疑可以帮助企业提高产品设计成功率,缩短产品设计周期。由于虚拟样机的“贵族化”身份,使得真正需要此项技术的广大潜在的中小型制造企业用户无法使用。本文研究的目标为:在PC机上研究虚拟样机集成仿真平台的实现原理与方法,以满足广大中小企业对虚拟样机技术的应用要求。论文的主要内容和成果如下:
①装配模型是虚拟样机开发的基础。在对已有装配模型研究的基础上,分别指出了已有模型的优缺点,并提出了针对PC的基于扩展组节点场景图技术的虚拟装配模型,该模型兼顾了虚拟装配、虚拟加工、工作过程及工程分析可视化的仿真功能需求。
②本文提出了虚拟样机集成仿真平台的框架结构;给出了虚拟样机集成仿真平台内部的交互模式及运行机理;讨论了在虚拟样机集成仿真平台上进行虚拟样机开发的工作流程;并提出了通用舞台的搭建技术。
③针对PC的交互特点,实现了虚拟样机开发工艺人员使用的人机多模式交互。包括基于文本格式交互的虚拟样机本体的构建技术,定义了V语言的语法,并从逻辑上进行了原理的实现;包括基于新的虚拟装配场景图技术和Open Inventor引擎机制相结合的交互实现技术;还包括基于虚拟控制器的交互模式的实现;给出了基于三维鼠标技术的人机交互模式的数据结构。
④研究了加工仿真和工作过程仿真的关键实现技术,包括切削仿真、立体显示、颜色改变、粒子系统、物体透明度的精确时间控制等关键技术的实现。
⑤在工程分析可视化系统的研究中,不但实现了小数据量的刀具温度场的实时性物理仿真,同时开发了虚拟样机集成仿真平台与FLUENT的接口程序,从而实现了PECVD各腔室温度场大数据量的后处理显示,增强了数据场的可视化效果。
本论文的研究均在PC上完成,开发工具有:Visual C++.NET、Open Inventor5.0、OpenGL、Unigraphics NX2.0等。以上海机床厂的CJK6430数控车床、申威达有限公司的QZ104切纸机及上海太阳能有限公司的新型PECVD设备为应用实例,对本文提出的理论和新的技术进行了验证和实现。
Nowadays, the diversified and individualized demands on products are pushing enterprises to design the best-quality products in minimum environmental loads, which meet the demands of the market, in the shortest time and at the lowest cost. The technology of virtual prototype can undoubtedly help enterprises to solve the problems mentioned above. However, due to its costliness, the virtual prototype is beyond the reach of the vast potential and small-scale users, who indeed require the technology. The purpose of this dissertation is to study the principle and method of realizing the integrated simulation platform of virtual prototype on personal computers, in order to meet the needs of vast potential small-scale users. The contents and achievements are as follows:
①It is the foundation of developing virtual prototype to construct assembly model. The advantages and disadvantages of the existing assembly model are pointed out through studying on relational models separately. At the same time, a new virtual assembly model on the basis of extensible group node is brought forward. Several kinds of simulation functions are considered in this assembly model, which include virtual assembly, virtual manufacturing, working process, and visualization in engineering analysis.
②In this dissertation, the frame structure of the PCISPVP, the mutual mode and operation mechanism within the PCISPVP are proposed. The workflow of the PCISPVP is discussed, through which users can develop virtual prototype. Finally the technology of setting up the stage in common use is proposed.
③Multi-mode interaction between human and computer is implemented in accordance with the interactive characteristic of personal computers. The craft personnel can develop virtual prototypes through using the multi-mode interaction easily. One method of interaction is based on text formatting. The author has defined the grammar of V language, and carried on the realization of the principle on logic. Using this interactive format, developers can construct virtual prototype simply. Another method of interaction is based on combining scene graphics defined in this dissertation with Open Inventor engine mechanism. One more interactive mode is based on virtual controller, through which users can interact with virtual prototype on net. The data structure of the human-computer interaction mode based on three-dimensional mouse technology is provided in addition.
④The key realization technologies related to manufacturing and working process simulation, which include cutting simulation, three-dimensional show, color change, particle system, transparency transform controlled by time accurately, etc, are studied in this dissertation.
⑤Visualization in system engineering analyses includes two kinds of functions. One is to simulate the real-time physics of the cutter temperature field with a small datum quantity. The other is to display the after-treatment results of great datum quantity. Using the interface that has been developed between PCISPVP and FLUENT software, the implementation of the virtual demo for craft chambers of PECVD is carried out, which can enhance the visualization impact of data volume.
All the researches in this dissertation are developed on PC with Visual C++.NET, Open Inventor 5.0, OpenGL and Unigraphics NX2.0. The application instances, including CJK6430 produced by Shanghai Machine Tool Factory, QZ104 paper cutters produced by Shanghai Shenweida Machinery Co., Ltd. and PECVD equipment of Shanghai solar energy Co., Ltd., are given to validate the correctness of the new theories and technologies provided in this dissertation.
①装配模型是虚拟样机开发的基础。在对已有装配模型研究的基础上,分别指出了已有模型的优缺点,并提出了针对PC的基于扩展组节点场景图技术的虚拟装配模型,该模型兼顾了虚拟装配、虚拟加工、工作过程及工程分析可视化的仿真功能需求。
②本文提出了虚拟样机集成仿真平台的框架结构;给出了虚拟样机集成仿真平台内部的交互模式及运行机理;讨论了在虚拟样机集成仿真平台上进行虚拟样机开发的工作流程;并提出了通用舞台的搭建技术。
③针对PC的交互特点,实现了虚拟样机开发工艺人员使用的人机多模式交互。包括基于文本格式交互的虚拟样机本体的构建技术,定义了V语言的语法,并从逻辑上进行了原理的实现;包括基于新的虚拟装配场景图技术和Open Inventor引擎机制相结合的交互实现技术;还包括基于虚拟控制器的交互模式的实现;给出了基于三维鼠标技术的人机交互模式的数据结构。
④研究了加工仿真和工作过程仿真的关键实现技术,包括切削仿真、立体显示、颜色改变、粒子系统、物体透明度的精确时间控制等关键技术的实现。
⑤在工程分析可视化系统的研究中,不但实现了小数据量的刀具温度场的实时性物理仿真,同时开发了虚拟样机集成仿真平台与FLUENT的接口程序,从而实现了PECVD各腔室温度场大数据量的后处理显示,增强了数据场的可视化效果。
本论文的研究均在PC上完成,开发工具有:Visual C++.NET、Open Inventor5.0、OpenGL、Unigraphics NX2.0等。以上海机床厂的CJK6430数控车床、申威达有限公司的QZ104切纸机及上海太阳能有限公司的新型PECVD设备为应用实例,对本文提出的理论和新的技术进行了验证和实现。
Nowadays, the diversified and individualized demands on products are pushing enterprises to design the best-quality products in minimum environmental loads, which meet the demands of the market, in the shortest time and at the lowest cost. The technology of virtual prototype can undoubtedly help enterprises to solve the problems mentioned above. However, due to its costliness, the virtual prototype is beyond the reach of the vast potential and small-scale users, who indeed require the technology. The purpose of this dissertation is to study the principle and method of realizing the integrated simulation platform of virtual prototype on personal computers, in order to meet the needs of vast potential small-scale users. The contents and achievements are as follows:
①It is the foundation of developing virtual prototype to construct assembly model. The advantages and disadvantages of the existing assembly model are pointed out through studying on relational models separately. At the same time, a new virtual assembly model on the basis of extensible group node is brought forward. Several kinds of simulation functions are considered in this assembly model, which include virtual assembly, virtual manufacturing, working process, and visualization in engineering analysis.
②In this dissertation, the frame structure of the PCISPVP, the mutual mode and operation mechanism within the PCISPVP are proposed. The workflow of the PCISPVP is discussed, through which users can develop virtual prototype. Finally the technology of setting up the stage in common use is proposed.
③Multi-mode interaction between human and computer is implemented in accordance with the interactive characteristic of personal computers. The craft personnel can develop virtual prototypes through using the multi-mode interaction easily. One method of interaction is based on text formatting. The author has defined the grammar of V language, and carried on the realization of the principle on logic. Using this interactive format, developers can construct virtual prototype simply. Another method of interaction is based on combining scene graphics defined in this dissertation with Open Inventor engine mechanism. One more interactive mode is based on virtual controller, through which users can interact with virtual prototype on net. The data structure of the human-computer interaction mode based on three-dimensional mouse technology is provided in addition.
④The key realization technologies related to manufacturing and working process simulation, which include cutting simulation, three-dimensional show, color change, particle system, transparency transform controlled by time accurately, etc, are studied in this dissertation.
⑤Visualization in system engineering analyses includes two kinds of functions. One is to simulate the real-time physics of the cutter temperature field with a small datum quantity. The other is to display the after-treatment results of great datum quantity. Using the interface that has been developed between PCISPVP and FLUENT software, the implementation of the virtual demo for craft chambers of PECVD is carried out, which can enhance the visualization impact of data volume.
All the researches in this dissertation are developed on PC with Visual C++.NET, Open Inventor 5.0, OpenGL and Unigraphics NX2.0. The application instances, including CJK6430 produced by Shanghai Machine Tool Factory, QZ104 paper cutters produced by Shanghai Shenweida Machinery Co., Ltd. and PECVD equipment of Shanghai solar energy Co., Ltd., are given to validate the correctness of the new theories and technologies provided in this dissertation.
引文
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