基于虚拟仪器技术的移动WiMAX物理层仿真平台的设计与实现
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摘要
WiMAX (World interoperability for Microwave Access)是当前通信领域发展最快、应用最广的无线宽带通信技术之一,其覆盖广、速率快、建站成本低和高移动的优点,成为众多国家和厂商投资研究的热点。
本论文在研究WiMAX关键技术的基础上,参考软件无线电的思想,提出了一个WiMAX物理层仿真平台的设计方案：可发射／接收WiMAX OFDM物理层的下行链路数据；具有完整的发射机和接收机功能模块；支持BPSK、QPSK、16QAM和64QAM四种调制方式；支持256点的IFFT/FFT(可扩展)。在实现过程中,借助虚拟仪器技术,在LabVIEW开发环境中,完成了WiMAX物理层仿真平台代码的开发。
在发射机的实现过程中,参照IEEE802.16e标准,实现了一个完整的支持WiMAX OFDM物理层下行链路数据的发射机,包括扰码、卷积、交织、调制、IFFT、导频插入、循环前缀插入等主要功能模块。
在接收机的实现过程中,针对OFDM信号的特点,设计并改进了接收机的同步模块,并实现了帧检测、载波频偏校准、信号估计与均衡以及相位补偿功能。在同步模块后,依次完成了FFT、解调、解交织和解扰码的工作,最终获得了原始信号。
最后,WiMAX物理层仿真平台调试成功,能够正确收发信息,并能完成算法仿真和性能评估的功能,实现了预期的设计构想。
WiMAX (World interoperability for Microwave Access) is the one of the fastest growing and the most widely used wireless broadband communication technologies, with the advantages of broad coverage, high data rate, low cost of station establishment and high mobility. Many countries and companies invest a lot in it and make it as a re-search focus.
After analyzing the key technologies of WiMAX and referring the idea of soft-ware radio, a scheme of WiMAX PHY simulation platfrom has been proposed. In the design, transmitting and receiving WiMAX downlink data of OFDM PHY layer should be supported; transmitter and receiver's function modules are complete; BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM and 64QAM should be supported.256 points IFFT/FFT should be supported (Expandable).In the implementation process, code development work of the WiMAX physical layer simulation platform is completed in the LabVIEW development envi-ronment, based on the virtual instrument technology.
In the implementation process of transmitter, WiMAX OFDM physical layer downlink data transmitter is implemented, including the scrambler, convolutional en-coder, interleaver, modulation,IFFT, pilot insertion, cyclic prefix insertion and other major functional blocks, refer to the IEEE802.16e reference standard.
In the implementation process of receiver, design and improve the synchroniza-tion module of the reveiver, and to achieve the frame detection, carrier frequency offset compensation, channel estimation and equalization, and phase compensation.After synchronization module, FFT, demodulation, deinterleaving and descrambling is im-plemented and original signal is recoveried.
Finally, WiMAX physical layer simulation platform is implemented successfully; it can correctly send and receive data information, simulate the algorithm and evaluate the system performance.The thesis's goal is achieved.
本论文在研究WiMAX关键技术的基础上,参考软件无线电的思想,提出了一个WiMAX物理层仿真平台的设计方案：可发射／接收WiMAX OFDM物理层的下行链路数据；具有完整的发射机和接收机功能模块；支持BPSK、QPSK、16QAM和64QAM四种调制方式；支持256点的IFFT/FFT(可扩展)。在实现过程中,借助虚拟仪器技术,在LabVIEW开发环境中,完成了WiMAX物理层仿真平台代码的开发。
在发射机的实现过程中,参照IEEE802.16e标准,实现了一个完整的支持WiMAX OFDM物理层下行链路数据的发射机,包括扰码、卷积、交织、调制、IFFT、导频插入、循环前缀插入等主要功能模块。
在接收机的实现过程中,针对OFDM信号的特点,设计并改进了接收机的同步模块,并实现了帧检测、载波频偏校准、信号估计与均衡以及相位补偿功能。在同步模块后,依次完成了FFT、解调、解交织和解扰码的工作,最终获得了原始信号。
最后,WiMAX物理层仿真平台调试成功,能够正确收发信息,并能完成算法仿真和性能评估的功能,实现了预期的设计构想。
WiMAX (World interoperability for Microwave Access) is the one of the fastest growing and the most widely used wireless broadband communication technologies, with the advantages of broad coverage, high data rate, low cost of station establishment and high mobility. Many countries and companies invest a lot in it and make it as a re-search focus.
After analyzing the key technologies of WiMAX and referring the idea of soft-ware radio, a scheme of WiMAX PHY simulation platfrom has been proposed. In the design, transmitting and receiving WiMAX downlink data of OFDM PHY layer should be supported; transmitter and receiver's function modules are complete; BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM and 64QAM should be supported.256 points IFFT/FFT should be supported (Expandable).In the implementation process, code development work of the WiMAX physical layer simulation platform is completed in the LabVIEW development envi-ronment, based on the virtual instrument technology.
In the implementation process of transmitter, WiMAX OFDM physical layer downlink data transmitter is implemented, including the scrambler, convolutional en-coder, interleaver, modulation,IFFT, pilot insertion, cyclic prefix insertion and other major functional blocks, refer to the IEEE802.16e reference standard.
In the implementation process of receiver, design and improve the synchroniza-tion module of the reveiver, and to achieve the frame detection, carrier frequency offset compensation, channel estimation and equalization, and phase compensation.After synchronization module, FFT, demodulation, deinterleaving and descrambling is im-plemented and original signal is recoveried.
Finally, WiMAX physical layer simulation platform is implemented successfully; it can correctly send and receive data information, simulate the algorithm and evaluate the system performance.The thesis's goal is achieved.
引文
1、周恩,张兴,吕召彪,孙宇昊：《下一代宽带无线通信OFDM与MIMO技术》,北京,人民邮电出版社,2008年5月
2、田韬,张新程,周晓津,关山：《WiMAX 16e无线网络技术与应用》,北京,人民邮电出版社,2009年1月
3、http://www.wimaxforum.org
4、"IEEE 802.16 Published Standards and Drafts", http://www.ieee802.org/16/
5、Jonathan Singer, "The WiMAX Forum(?) Industry Research Report", http://www.wimaxforum.org
6、《台湾部署WiMAX现状》,http://www.onewires.com/2009/taiwanWiMAX /index.html
7、《专网成中国WiMAX发展之路》,http://www.onewires.com/2009/10/WiMAX/
8、沈嘉,索士强,全海洋,赵训威,胡海静,姜怡华等编著,《GPP长期演进(LTE)技术原理与系统设计》,北京,人民邮电出版社,2008年11月
9、IEEE Standard 802.16e-2005,IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks-Part16:Air Interface for Fixed and Mobile Broadband Wireless Aeeess Systetns, Feb.2006.
10、王文博,郑侃：《宽带无线通信OFDM技术(第二版)》,北京,人民邮电出版社,2007年8月
11、张布战,陈臣,马晓婷：《子载波交织分配的OFDMA系统》,信息技术,2005年第29卷第6期
12、IEEE Standard 802.16-2004,IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks-Part 16:Air Interface for Fixed and Mobile Broadband Wireless Aeeess Systetns, Oct.2004.
13、Jeffrey G Andrews, Arunabha Ghosh, Rias Muhamed, Fundamentals of WiMAX: Understanding Broadband Wireless Networking, Prentice Hall PTR, Feb.2007
14、Jeffrey Hugh Reed, Software Radio:A Modern Approach to Radio Engineering, Printice Hall PTR, May.2002
15、Tutorial-Virtual Instrumentation, http://zone.ni.com/devzone/cda/tut/p/id/4752
16、What Is NI Lab VIEW?, http://www.ni.com/labview/optin/whatis/
17、What Is PXI?, http://zone.ni.com/devzone/cda/tut/p/id/4811
18、吴湛击：《现代纠错编码与调制理论及应用》,北京,人民邮电出版社,2008年12月
19、周文安、付秀花、王志辉等译：《无线通信原理与应用》,北京,电子工业出版社,2006年7月
20、徐平平,宋铁成,叶芝慧等译：《数字通信基础与应用》,北京,电子工业出版社,2002年9月
21、L.J. Cimini,"Analysis and Simulation of a Digital Mobile Channel Using Or-thogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing", IEEE Trans.Comm.,vol.COM-33,no.7, June 1985,pp.665-675
22、Tzi-Dar Chiueh, Pei-Yun Tsai, "OFDM baseband receiver design for wireless communications", John Wiley and Sons PTR, May 2007
23、Ch. Nanda Kishore, V. Umapathi Reddy, "A Frame Synchronization and Fre-quency Offset Estimation Algorithm for OFDM System and its Analysis", EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, Volume 2006
24、Dong-Seog Han, Jae-Hyun Seo, Jung-Jin Kim, "Fast carrier frequency offset compensation in OFDM systems", IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, Vol. 47, No.3,Aug 2001
25、J.Li,G.Liu, GB.Giannakis, "Carrier frequency offset estimation for OFDM-based WLANs", IEEE Signal Processing Letters,Vol.8, Issue 3,pp.80-82, Mar.2001
26、B.Park, H.Cheon,C.Kang, "A simple preamble for OFDM timing offset estima-tion", IEEE VTC, vol.2,pp.729-732,Sept.2002
27、Su Hu, Gang Wu, Gang Yang, Shaoqian Li,Bo Gao, "Effectiveness of Preamble Based Channel Estimation for OFDM/OQAM System", Networks Security, Wireless Communications and Trusted Computing, Vol.1,pp34-37, May.2009
28、C.Lele, J.-P. Javaudin, R. Legouable, A.Skrzypczak, P. Siohan, "Channel esti-mation methods for preamble-based OFDM/OQAM modulations", European Trans-actions on Telecommunications Volume 19 Issue 7, Pages 741-750, Sept.2008
2、Suvra S.Das, Ratnam V.Rajakumar, Muhammad I.Rahman, Arpan Pal,Frank H.P.Fitzek, Ole Olsen, Ramjee Prasad, "Low Complexity Residual Phase Tracking Algorithm for OFDM-based WLAN Systems", Proc. Fourth International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing, pp.128-131, July 20-22,2004
2、田韬,张新程,周晓津,关山：《WiMAX 16e无线网络技术与应用》,北京,人民邮电出版社,2009年1月
3、http://www.wimaxforum.org
4、"IEEE 802.16 Published Standards and Drafts", http://www.ieee802.org/16/
5、Jonathan Singer, "The WiMAX Forum(?) Industry Research Report", http://www.wimaxforum.org
6、《台湾部署WiMAX现状》,http://www.onewires.com/2009/taiwanWiMAX /index.html
7、《专网成中国WiMAX发展之路》,http://www.onewires.com/2009/10/WiMAX/
8、沈嘉,索士强,全海洋,赵训威,胡海静,姜怡华等编著,《GPP长期演进(LTE)技术原理与系统设计》,北京,人民邮电出版社,2008年11月
9、IEEE Standard 802.16e-2005,IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks-Part16:Air Interface for Fixed and Mobile Broadband Wireless Aeeess Systetns, Feb.2006.
10、王文博,郑侃：《宽带无线通信OFDM技术(第二版)》,北京,人民邮电出版社,2007年8月
11、张布战,陈臣,马晓婷：《子载波交织分配的OFDMA系统》,信息技术,2005年第29卷第6期
12、IEEE Standard 802.16-2004,IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks-Part 16:Air Interface for Fixed and Mobile Broadband Wireless Aeeess Systetns, Oct.2004.
13、Jeffrey G Andrews, Arunabha Ghosh, Rias Muhamed, Fundamentals of WiMAX: Understanding Broadband Wireless Networking, Prentice Hall PTR, Feb.2007
14、Jeffrey Hugh Reed, Software Radio:A Modern Approach to Radio Engineering, Printice Hall PTR, May.2002
15、Tutorial-Virtual Instrumentation, http://zone.ni.com/devzone/cda/tut/p/id/4752
16、What Is NI Lab VIEW?, http://www.ni.com/labview/optin/whatis/
17、What Is PXI?, http://zone.ni.com/devzone/cda/tut/p/id/4811
18、吴湛击：《现代纠错编码与调制理论及应用》,北京,人民邮电出版社,2008年12月
19、周文安、付秀花、王志辉等译：《无线通信原理与应用》,北京,电子工业出版社,2006年7月
20、徐平平,宋铁成,叶芝慧等译：《数字通信基础与应用》,北京,电子工业出版社,2002年9月
21、L.J. Cimini,"Analysis and Simulation of a Digital Mobile Channel Using Or-thogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing", IEEE Trans.Comm.,vol.COM-33,no.7, June 1985,pp.665-675
22、Tzi-Dar Chiueh, Pei-Yun Tsai, "OFDM baseband receiver design for wireless communications", John Wiley and Sons PTR, May 2007
23、Ch. Nanda Kishore, V. Umapathi Reddy, "A Frame Synchronization and Fre-quency Offset Estimation Algorithm for OFDM System and its Analysis", EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, Volume 2006
24、Dong-Seog Han, Jae-Hyun Seo, Jung-Jin Kim, "Fast carrier frequency offset compensation in OFDM systems", IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, Vol. 47, No.3,Aug 2001
25、J.Li,G.Liu, GB.Giannakis, "Carrier frequency offset estimation for OFDM-based WLANs", IEEE Signal Processing Letters,Vol.8, Issue 3,pp.80-82, Mar.2001
26、B.Park, H.Cheon,C.Kang, "A simple preamble for OFDM timing offset estima-tion", IEEE VTC, vol.2,pp.729-732,Sept.2002
27、Su Hu, Gang Wu, Gang Yang, Shaoqian Li,Bo Gao, "Effectiveness of Preamble Based Channel Estimation for OFDM/OQAM System", Networks Security, Wireless Communications and Trusted Computing, Vol.1,pp34-37, May.2009
28、C.Lele, J.-P. Javaudin, R. Legouable, A.Skrzypczak, P. Siohan, "Channel esti-mation methods for preamble-based OFDM/OQAM modulations", European Trans-actions on Telecommunications Volume 19 Issue 7, Pages 741-750, Sept.2008
2、Suvra S.Das, Ratnam V.Rajakumar, Muhammad I.Rahman, Arpan Pal,Frank H.P.Fitzek, Ole Olsen, Ramjee Prasad, "Low Complexity Residual Phase Tracking Algorithm for OFDM-based WLAN Systems", Proc. Fourth International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing, pp.128-131, July 20-22,2004