城市配送系统优化研究
摘要
随着城市经济的不断发展,我国的城市配送需求日趋旺盛。由于我国配送业处于起步阶段,城市配送系统规划与城市配送系统运营、管理、评价研究还不完善,从项目研究和文献查阅来看,从全过程、全局对城市配送系统优化的理论方法还很欠缺,这也是我国城市配送发展过程中迫切需要解决的问题。因此,本文对此展开了研究,本文的主要研究成果如下:
1.从系统角度分析了城市配送系统的内涵、组成、功能、优化目标,从城市配送系统功能角度和评价体系角度,提出了城市配送系统优化的研究架构;
2.从系统角度研究了城市配送系统的形成机理,分析了城市配送系统形成过程中市场需求、政府的积极引导、物流与供应链理论推动和现代技术支撑等主要因素的作用;
3.从系统角度研究典型不同性态的城市配送网络系统规划优化模型,该模型化过程分析了城市配送网络系统优化的各种影响因素;供应商、配送商、客户三级组成的各类网络系统特点;从系统配送成本最低的角度,设定了代表城市配送特征的各种假设,建立了不同库存模式、服务水平、多品种、多客户、多供应商、多(单)配送中心典型组合——单地址中转型、单地址仓储型、多地址中转型、多地址仓储型的三级配送网络系统优化模型,优化模型揭示了各类参数与配送系统成本的定量化关系,体现了三级配送供应链集成的思想。
4.研究了各类优化模型的特性,针对模型参数多维、方案组合多、求解困难的特点,首次提出了具有城市配送特性的分群分解策略,通过贪婪启发式算法,并用算例论证了模型的可行性和算法的有效性,模型与算法能获得城市配送需求已知前提下的配送中心布局优化,包括选址、规模、数量,与客户的所属关系,同时配送结果显示配送中心布局后,配送系统成本降低的主要途径为降低库存和优化配送路线。该模型与算法为城市配送网络系统优化规划提供了可行理论方法。
5.针对城市配送运营网络的时空特性,将CRM/GIS理论与技术引入城市配送运营系统,提出了城市配送系统的智能集成体系架构,研究了配送中心自动选择、车辆自动调度的优化模型与遗传算法,构建了城市配送智能集成计算机系统,用实证说明配送系统智能集成一体化的优越性,结果显示智能配送能快速获取配送优化方案,减少车辆出行,降低配送成本。
6.本文在城市配送系统优化体系架构的基础上,研究和建立代表城市配送系统全局、全过程的评价指标体系、综合评价计算方法,为全面描述和综合评价城市配送系统提供必要的尺度。
上述成果的应用对指导和提高城市配送系统发展将具有良好的社会和经济效益。
With the Increasing development of urban economy, our country's urban distribution demand is more and more thrive. Due to our country's distribution system is in a stage of beginning, the research of city distribution system's planning, running, management, appraisal, still have a lot of work to do, from the study of items and look over relative references, the theory of urban distribution system optimization as a whole things and process are scarcity, which needs to urgent solve in the developing process of city distribution, therefore, this thesis sets about research on it, the main achievements of this thesis are as followed:1. From the point of systematic view, analyze the connotation, component, function, optimization goal of urban distribution system, from the point of urban distribution system's function and appraisal system, which introduces research framework of urban distribution system optimization;2. From the point of systematic view, study how the mechanism of city distribution is formed, and analyze the function of main elements including city distribution's marketing demand, government positive directing, logistics and supply chain theory, and modern technology support in forming process of a city's distribution system.3. From the point of systematic view, study about typical urban distribution network system planning optimization model under the diffident styles. This model process analyses the various affected elements of urban distribution network system optimization;and analyze the various network system's specialties of triple components of suppliers, distributors and customers;from the point of the lowest cost of system distribution, enact various presumption of standing for urban distribution specialties, and establish different composed triple distribution network system optimization model of different inventory model, service level, multi-kinds, multi-suppliers, multi-distribution centers, optimization model reveals quantitative relation of various parameters and distribution system cost, which embodies the integrated idea of triple distribution supply chain.4. Study specialties of various optimization model, aiming at the specialties of model multidimensional parameters, program composed explosion, hard solve, firstly proponed distributing group, distributing solution and greedy heuristic arithmetic with the specialties of urban distribution, and by the arithmetic example to prove the model, which is workable and efficient, model and arithmetic can obtain distribution center's layout optimization, including location choosing, scale, quantity, and customer
belonging relationship with the given hypothesis, at the same time, the result of distribution is shown that in order to reduce the distribution systems cost can mainly through reduce inventory and optimization of distribution routing .this model and arithmetic provide a workable theory and method for urban distribution network system optimization planning.5.For the urban distribution operation network's space time, use the introduce of the theory and technique of CRM/GIS operation system, provide the intelligent integration system framework for the urban distribution system, study the distribution center auto picking, and vehicle auto optimization model and planning GA arithmetic, set up urban distribution intelligent integration computer system ,through the experience to demonstrate the unavoidable necessity of integration ,the result is shown that intelligent distribution can quickly provide optimization result , reduce vehicle routing ,reduce distribution cost.6.This thesis based on optimization framework of urban distribution system, study and created an appraisal index system, comprehensive appraisal calculation method that represent urban distribution, from the whole part and process, provide a workable measure for the urban distribution that can fully describe and comprehensive.The applying of the above achievements will have good social and economic meaning to instruct and accelerate of the development of city distribution system.
1.从系统角度分析了城市配送系统的内涵、组成、功能、优化目标,从城市配送系统功能角度和评价体系角度,提出了城市配送系统优化的研究架构;
2.从系统角度研究了城市配送系统的形成机理,分析了城市配送系统形成过程中市场需求、政府的积极引导、物流与供应链理论推动和现代技术支撑等主要因素的作用;
3.从系统角度研究典型不同性态的城市配送网络系统规划优化模型,该模型化过程分析了城市配送网络系统优化的各种影响因素;供应商、配送商、客户三级组成的各类网络系统特点;从系统配送成本最低的角度,设定了代表城市配送特征的各种假设,建立了不同库存模式、服务水平、多品种、多客户、多供应商、多(单)配送中心典型组合——单地址中转型、单地址仓储型、多地址中转型、多地址仓储型的三级配送网络系统优化模型,优化模型揭示了各类参数与配送系统成本的定量化关系,体现了三级配送供应链集成的思想。
4.研究了各类优化模型的特性,针对模型参数多维、方案组合多、求解困难的特点,首次提出了具有城市配送特性的分群分解策略,通过贪婪启发式算法,并用算例论证了模型的可行性和算法的有效性,模型与算法能获得城市配送需求已知前提下的配送中心布局优化,包括选址、规模、数量,与客户的所属关系,同时配送结果显示配送中心布局后,配送系统成本降低的主要途径为降低库存和优化配送路线。该模型与算法为城市配送网络系统优化规划提供了可行理论方法。
5.针对城市配送运营网络的时空特性,将CRM/GIS理论与技术引入城市配送运营系统,提出了城市配送系统的智能集成体系架构,研究了配送中心自动选择、车辆自动调度的优化模型与遗传算法,构建了城市配送智能集成计算机系统,用实证说明配送系统智能集成一体化的优越性,结果显示智能配送能快速获取配送优化方案,减少车辆出行,降低配送成本。
6.本文在城市配送系统优化体系架构的基础上,研究和建立代表城市配送系统全局、全过程的评价指标体系、综合评价计算方法,为全面描述和综合评价城市配送系统提供必要的尺度。
上述成果的应用对指导和提高城市配送系统发展将具有良好的社会和经济效益。
With the Increasing development of urban economy, our country's urban distribution demand is more and more thrive. Due to our country's distribution system is in a stage of beginning, the research of city distribution system's planning, running, management, appraisal, still have a lot of work to do, from the study of items and look over relative references, the theory of urban distribution system optimization as a whole things and process are scarcity, which needs to urgent solve in the developing process of city distribution, therefore, this thesis sets about research on it, the main achievements of this thesis are as followed:1. From the point of systematic view, analyze the connotation, component, function, optimization goal of urban distribution system, from the point of urban distribution system's function and appraisal system, which introduces research framework of urban distribution system optimization;2. From the point of systematic view, study how the mechanism of city distribution is formed, and analyze the function of main elements including city distribution's marketing demand, government positive directing, logistics and supply chain theory, and modern technology support in forming process of a city's distribution system.3. From the point of systematic view, study about typical urban distribution network system planning optimization model under the diffident styles. This model process analyses the various affected elements of urban distribution network system optimization;and analyze the various network system's specialties of triple components of suppliers, distributors and customers;from the point of the lowest cost of system distribution, enact various presumption of standing for urban distribution specialties, and establish different composed triple distribution network system optimization model of different inventory model, service level, multi-kinds, multi-suppliers, multi-distribution centers, optimization model reveals quantitative relation of various parameters and distribution system cost, which embodies the integrated idea of triple distribution supply chain.4. Study specialties of various optimization model, aiming at the specialties of model multidimensional parameters, program composed explosion, hard solve, firstly proponed distributing group, distributing solution and greedy heuristic arithmetic with the specialties of urban distribution, and by the arithmetic example to prove the model, which is workable and efficient, model and arithmetic can obtain distribution center's layout optimization, including location choosing, scale, quantity, and customer
belonging relationship with the given hypothesis, at the same time, the result of distribution is shown that in order to reduce the distribution systems cost can mainly through reduce inventory and optimization of distribution routing .this model and arithmetic provide a workable theory and method for urban distribution network system optimization planning.5.For the urban distribution operation network's space time, use the introduce of the theory and technique of CRM/GIS operation system, provide the intelligent integration system framework for the urban distribution system, study the distribution center auto picking, and vehicle auto optimization model and planning GA arithmetic, set up urban distribution intelligent integration computer system ,through the experience to demonstrate the unavoidable necessity of integration ,the result is shown that intelligent distribution can quickly provide optimization result , reduce vehicle routing ,reduce distribution cost.6.This thesis based on optimization framework of urban distribution system, study and created an appraisal index system, comprehensive appraisal calculation method that represent urban distribution, from the whole part and process, provide a workable measure for the urban distribution that can fully describe and comprehensive.The applying of the above achievements will have good social and economic meaning to instruct and accelerate of the development of city distribution system.
引文
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