沈阳推进低碳化建设研究
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摘要
“低碳经济”这一概念,最早是在2003年由英国政府能源白皮书《我们能源的未来:创建低碳经济》中首次提出。城市进行低碳化建设也出于“低碳经济”这一概念的提出,城市是经济发展的空间载体,如何在保证城市经济发展的同时减低城市的碳排量是发展低碳经济的重点。加快城市的低碳建设,是推动沈阳产业转型的必然要求,是提高沈阳能源安全的必然要求,是保护沈阳生态环境的必然要求,也是加强沈阳国际交流合作的必然要求。目前,沈阳市已经形成了以现代装备制造业、软件业、信息产业等高科技、技术密集型产业为主体的产业体系。整个产业体系中基本没有钢铁、水泥等高二氧化碳产业。并且沈阳市一直将提高能源效率作为产业发展的根本要求,这就为沈阳市推进低碳建设奠定了坚实基础。但是,沈阳市地区生产总值构成并不理想,第二产业尤其是工业比重还很高,2009年工业在国民生产总值中所占的比例达到45.5%,而第三产业比重则在2005年到2009年之间逐年下降。在能源构成上,沈阳市同辽宁省甚至全国基本相同,一直摆脱不了大量采用煤炭作为主要能源的命运。根据数据统计2009年沈阳市规模以上工业企业原煤使用量高达20055.78万吨,达到所有能源使用量的近90%。沈阳市在低碳技术的引进和研发、加速城市化进程、经济和社会发展阶段、政策制定、提高沈阳市民节能减排以及环保意识等方面还存在着难以逾越的障碍。2010年7月19日国家发改委下发《关于开展低碳省区和低碳城市试点工作的通知》,确定辽宁省为低碳省区试点省份。沈阳市应借此机遇发展低碳经济。结合沈阳自身的特点以及国内外城市进行低碳建设的经验,沈阳市推进低碳化建设应积极调整能源结构,发展低碳能源、调整产业布局,优化产业结构、引导低碳技术的开发和运用,倡导低碳生活和低碳消费构建低碳社会,建立金融支撑体系以及建立完善的沈阳市碳排放监测、统计和监管体系。
"Low-carbon economy" concept, first in 2003 by the British government energy white paper "Our energy future: creating a low carbon economy" was first proposed. Building low-carbon cities also for "low-carbon economy" put forward the concept of urban space is a vector of economic development, how to ensure that urban economic development to reduce the city's carbon emissions is the focus of the development of low-carbon economy. Speed up the construction of the city's low-carbon, is to promote industrial transformation of Shenyang necessary requirement is to improve energy security in Shenyang necessary requirement is to protect the ecological environment of Shenyang, a necessary requirement, but also to strengthen international exchanges and cooperation in Shenyang, a necessary requirement. At present, Shenyang has become a modern equipment manufacturing, software industry, information industry and other high-tech, technology-intensive industries as the mainstay of the industrial system. Not the whole industrial system in the basic iron and steel, cement and high-carbon industries. And Shenyang, as has always been to improve the energy efficiency of the fundamental requirements of industrial development, which is promoting the low carbon building in Shenyang City to lay a solid foundation. However, GDP of Shenyang composition is not ideal, especially in the secondary industry has a high proportion of industry in 2009, industry in the GDP share of 45.5%, while the proportion of tertiary industry in 2005 declining between 2009. In the energy mix, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, even with basically the same as the country has been unable to escape the extensive use of coal as major energy destiny. According to statistics in 2009 in Shenyang City, the industrial enterprises above the scale of up to 200,557,800 tons of coal usage, to all energy usage nearly 90%. Shenyang City in the introduction and development of low-carbon technologies, accelerating the urbanization process, stages of economic and social development, policy formulation, improve energy efficiency in Shenyang and the public awareness of environmental protection, etc., there are still formidable obstacles. July 19, 2010 National Development and Reform Commission issued "to carry out low-carbon and low-carbon city pilot provinces in the notice" to determine the provinces of Liaoning Province for the low carbon pilot provinces. Shenyang City should take this opportunity to develop low-carbon economy. Shenyang, with its own characteristics and domestic and international experience in building low-carbon cities, Shenyang City, to promote low carbon building should actively adjust energy structure, developing low-carbon energy sources, adjust industrial layout and optimize the industrial structure and guide the development and use of low-carbon technologies, promote low carbon living and build a low carbon society low-carbon consumption, the establishment of comprehensive monitoring of carbon emissions in Shenyang, statistics and monitoring system.
"Low-carbon economy" concept, first in 2003 by the British government energy white paper "Our energy future: creating a low carbon economy" was first proposed. Building low-carbon cities also for "low-carbon economy" put forward the concept of urban space is a vector of economic development, how to ensure that urban economic development to reduce the city's carbon emissions is the focus of the development of low-carbon economy. Speed up the construction of the city's low-carbon, is to promote industrial transformation of Shenyang necessary requirement is to improve energy security in Shenyang necessary requirement is to protect the ecological environment of Shenyang, a necessary requirement, but also to strengthen international exchanges and cooperation in Shenyang, a necessary requirement. At present, Shenyang has become a modern equipment manufacturing, software industry, information industry and other high-tech, technology-intensive industries as the mainstay of the industrial system. Not the whole industrial system in the basic iron and steel, cement and high-carbon industries. And Shenyang, as has always been to improve the energy efficiency of the fundamental requirements of industrial development, which is promoting the low carbon building in Shenyang City to lay a solid foundation. However, GDP of Shenyang composition is not ideal, especially in the secondary industry has a high proportion of industry in 2009, industry in the GDP share of 45.5%, while the proportion of tertiary industry in 2005 declining between 2009. In the energy mix, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, even with basically the same as the country has been unable to escape the extensive use of coal as major energy destiny. According to statistics in 2009 in Shenyang City, the industrial enterprises above the scale of up to 200,557,800 tons of coal usage, to all energy usage nearly 90%. Shenyang City in the introduction and development of low-carbon technologies, accelerating the urbanization process, stages of economic and social development, policy formulation, improve energy efficiency in Shenyang and the public awareness of environmental protection, etc., there are still formidable obstacles. July 19, 2010 National Development and Reform Commission issued "to carry out low-carbon and low-carbon city pilot provinces in the notice" to determine the provinces of Liaoning Province for the low carbon pilot provinces. Shenyang City should take this opportunity to develop low-carbon economy. Shenyang, with its own characteristics and domestic and international experience in building low-carbon cities, Shenyang City, to promote low carbon building should actively adjust energy structure, developing low-carbon energy sources, adjust industrial layout and optimize the industrial structure and guide the development and use of low-carbon technologies, promote low carbon living and build a low carbon society low-carbon consumption, the establishment of comprehensive monitoring of carbon emissions in Shenyang, statistics and monitoring system.
引文
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[2]陆小成.骆慧菊两型社会建设中的长株潭低碳城市群发展对策研究[J].城市观察,2010(10)
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[15]邓越月,金仁淑.低碳经济:我国经济发展的必然选择[J].社会科学家2010(5)
[16]吴曦.发达国家发展低碳经济经验借鉴[J].合作经济与科技,2010(5)
[17]袁男优.低碳经济的概念内涵[J].城市环境与城市生态,2010(2)
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[21]《关于开展低碳省区和低碳城市试点工作的通知》2010
[22]《关于切实加强节能减排工作的意见》2007
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[28]陈飞,诸大建.低碳城市研究的理论方法与上海实证分析[J].城市发展研究,2009(10)
[29]郭万达,张建森,刘宇.深圳建设低碳城市的目标与对策[J].城市观察,2010(2)
[30]王元龙,刘宇婷.发展碳金融体系支持低碳城市建设[J].中国科技投资,2010(11)
[31]李克欣.低碳城市建设的初步思考[J].中国科技财富,2009(7)
[32]陈飞,储大建.低碳城市研究的内涵、模型与目标策略确定[J].城市规划学刊,2009(4)
[33]戴亦欣,董长贵,齐晔.低碳城市理念与国际经验城市发展研究[J].城市发展研究,2009(6)
[34]戴亦欣.中国低碳城市发展的必要性和治理模式分析[J].中国人口-资源与环境,2009(3)
[35]金石.WWF启动中国低碳城市发展项目[J].环境保护,2008(3)
[36]诸大建.“低碳经济”能成为新的经济增长点吗[N].解放日报,2009.06.22
[37]田惠敏.低碳城市建设案例分析[EB].中国城市低碳经济网http://www.cusdn.org.cn/jswz/html/?120108.html,2011-03-14
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[1]邵占维.杭州市:努力打造低碳城市建设的样板[J].中国科技投资,2010(11)
[2]陆小成.骆慧菊两型社会建设中的长株潭低碳城市群发展对策研究[J].城市观察,2010(10)
[3]李向阳,李瑞晴.低碳城市的缘起与发展路向[J].云南财经大学学报(社会科学版),2010(8)
[4]李向阳,黄芳,李瑞晴.南京走向低碳城市的现实挑战和路径抉择[J].唯实,2010(9)
[5]林树枝.厦门市低碳城市建设及对策研究[J].福建建筑,2010(1)
[6]易冬炬,李明生.长沙发展低碳城市评价与对策建议[J].合作经济与科技,2010(11)
[7]孙存周,刘军芳,张国亮.低碳城市发展模式与建设途径[J].2010中国可持续发展论坛2010年专刊(三),2010(10)
[8]刘传江,冯碧梅.低碳经济与武汉城市圈两型社会建设[J].学习与实践,2009(1)
[9]辛章平,张银太.低碳经济与低碳城市[J].城市发展研究,2008(8)
[10]王家庭.基于低碳经济视角的我国城市发展模式研究[J].江西社会科学,2010(3)
[11]李平.低碳城市建设的国际经验借鉴[J].商业时代,2010(12)
[12]孙大卫.沈阳今年冲刺国家环境样板城[J].辽宁日报,2010(3)
[13]柳春娜.国际低碳城市建设经验[J].北京观察,2011(1)
[14]李向阳,黄芳,李瑞晴.低碳城市理论和实践的发展、现状与走向[J].甘肃行政学院学报,2010(6)
[15]邓越月,金仁淑.低碳经济:我国经济发展的必然选择[J].社会科学家2010(5)
[16]吴曦.发达国家发展低碳经济经验借鉴[J].合作经济与科技,2010(5)
[17]袁男优.低碳经济的概念内涵[J].城市环境与城市生态,2010(2)
[18]倪外,曾刚.低碳经济视角下的城市发展新路径研究—以上海为例[J].经济问题探索,2010(5)
[19]杨李宁,付祥钊,吴雅典,何福春.关于重庆低碳型宜居城市建设的思考[J].钢铁技术,2010(2)
[20]陈柳钦.低碳城市发展的国外实践[J].环境经济,2010(9)
[21]《关于开展低碳省区和低碳城市试点工作的通知》2010
[22]《关于切实加强节能减排工作的意见》2007
[23]傅鸿志.以沈阳“环境建设样板城”为例论生态城市建设[J].沈阳大学学报,2010(2)
[24]吴琳,侯晓峰.改善环境规划管理促进沈阳的可持续发展[J].环境保护科学,2000(6)
[25]郭志达.辽宁低碳经济的制约因素与应对策略[J].环境保护科学,2010(2)
[26]牛桂敏.低碳城市发展路径思考[J].城市环境与城市生态,2010(4)
[27]刘文玲,王灿.低碳城市发展实践与发展模式[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2010(4)
[28]陈飞,诸大建.低碳城市研究的理论方法与上海实证分析[J].城市发展研究,2009(10)
[29]郭万达,张建森,刘宇.深圳建设低碳城市的目标与对策[J].城市观察,2010(2)
[30]王元龙,刘宇婷.发展碳金融体系支持低碳城市建设[J].中国科技投资,2010(11)
[31]李克欣.低碳城市建设的初步思考[J].中国科技财富,2009(7)
[32]陈飞,储大建.低碳城市研究的内涵、模型与目标策略确定[J].城市规划学刊,2009(4)
[33]戴亦欣,董长贵,齐晔.低碳城市理念与国际经验城市发展研究[J].城市发展研究,2009(6)
[34]戴亦欣.中国低碳城市发展的必要性和治理模式分析[J].中国人口-资源与环境,2009(3)
[35]金石.WWF启动中国低碳城市发展项目[J].环境保护,2008(3)
[36]诸大建.“低碳经济”能成为新的经济增长点吗[N].解放日报,2009.06.22
[37]田惠敏.低碳城市建设案例分析[EB].中国城市低碳经济网http://www.cusdn.org.cn/jswz/html/?120108.html,2011-03-14
[38]夏堃堡.发展低碳经济,实现城市可持续发展[EB].中华环保宣传网http://www.zhhbw.com,2009-10-22