摘要
“低碳经济”这一概念,最早是在2003年由英国政府能源白皮书《我们能源的未来:创建低碳经济》中首次提出。城市进行低碳化建设也出于“低碳经济”这一概念的提出,城市是经济发展的空间载体,如何在保证城市经济发展的同时减低城市的碳排量是发展低碳经济的重点。加快城市的低碳建设,是推动沈阳产业转型的必然要求,是提高沈阳能源安全的必然要求,是保护沈阳生态环境的必然要求,也是加强沈阳国际交流合作的必然要求。目前,沈阳市已经形成了以现代装备制造业、软件业、信息产业等高科技、技术密集型产业为主体的产业体系。整个产业体系中基本没有钢铁、水泥等高二氧化碳产业。并且沈阳市一直将提高能源效率作为产业发展的根本要求,这就为沈阳市推进低碳建设奠定了坚实基础。但是,沈阳市地区生产总值构成并不理想,第二产业尤其是工业比重还很高,2009年工业在国民生产总值中所占的比例达到45.5%,而第三产业比重则在2005年到2009年之间逐年下降。在能源构成上,沈阳市同辽宁省甚至全国基本相同,一直摆脱不了大量采用煤炭作为主要能源的命运。根据数据统计2009年沈阳市规模以上工业企业原煤使用量高达20055.78万吨,达到所有能源使用量的近90%。沈阳市在低碳技术的引进和研发、加速城市化进程、经济和社会发展阶段、政策制定、提高沈阳市民节能减排以及环保意识等方面还存在着难以逾越的障碍。2010年7月19日国家发改委下发《关于开展低碳省区和低碳城市试点工作的通知》,确定辽宁省为低碳省区试点省份。沈阳市应借此机遇发展低碳经济。结合沈阳自身的特点以及国内外城市进行低碳建设的经验,沈阳市推进低碳化建设应积极调整能源结构,发展低碳能源、调整产业布局,优化产业结构、引导低碳技术的开发和运用,倡导低碳生活和低碳消费构建低碳社会,建立金融支撑体系以及建立完善的沈阳市碳排放监测、统计和监管体系。
"Low-carbon economy" concept, first in 2003 by the British government energy white paper "Our energy future: creating a low carbon economy" was first proposed. Building low-carbon cities also for "low-carbon economy" put forward the concept of urban space is a vector of economic development, how to ensure that urban economic development to reduce the city's carbon emissions is the focus of the development of low-carbon economy. Speed up the construction of the city's low-carbon, is to promote industrial transformation of Shenyang necessary requirement is to improve energy security in Shenyang necessary requirement is to protect the ecological environment of Shenyang, a necessary requirement, but also to strengthen international exchanges and cooperation in Shenyang, a necessary requirement. At present, Shenyang has become a modern equipment manufacturing, software industry, information industry and other high-tech, technology-intensive industries as the mainstay of the industrial system. Not the whole industrial system in the basic iron and steel, cement and high-carbon industries. And Shenyang, as has always been to improve the energy efficiency of the fundamental requirements of industrial development, which is promoting the low carbon building in Shenyang City to lay a solid foundation. However, GDP of Shenyang composition is not ideal, especially in the secondary industry has a high proportion of industry in 2009, industry in the GDP share of 45.5%, while the proportion of tertiary industry in 2005 declining between 2009. In the energy mix, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, even with basically the same as the country has been unable to escape the extensive use of coal as major energy destiny. According to statistics in 2009 in Shenyang City, the industrial enterprises above the scale of up to 200,557,800 tons of coal usage, to all energy usage nearly 90%. Shenyang City in the introduction and development of low-carbon technologies, accelerating the urbanization process, stages of economic and social development, policy formulation, improve energy efficiency in Shenyang and the public awareness of environmental protection, etc., there are still formidable obstacles. July 19, 2010 National Development and Reform Commission issued "to carry out low-carbon and low-carbon city pilot provinces in the notice" to determine the provinces of Liaoning Province for the low carbon pilot provinces. Shenyang City should take this opportunity to develop low-carbon economy. Shenyang, with its own characteristics and domestic and international experience in building low-carbon cities, Shenyang City, to promote low carbon building should actively adjust energy structure, developing low-carbon energy sources, adjust industrial layout and optimize the industrial structure and guide the development and use of low-carbon technologies, promote low carbon living and build a low carbon society low-carbon consumption, the establishment of comprehensive monitoring of carbon emissions in Shenyang, statistics and monitoring system.
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