无线通信系统中倾斜天线的性能分析
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摘要
智能天线原名为自适应天线阵列(Adaptive Antenna Array,),最初应用于雷达、声纳、军事通信等方面,主要用来完成滤波和定位,例如相控阵雷达就是其中一种采用较简单自适应天线阵的军事产品。智能天线是移动通信研究人员把自适应天线阵运用于移动通信的名称,英文名为Smart Antenna或IntelligentAntenna。
本文将介绍TD-SCDMA移动通信系统中智能天线的研究背景及动态,其次对智能天线的基本概念、理论等相关技术进行了详细的阐述。最后通过对智能天线技术中波达方向算法的研究提出了改进的循环相关MUSIC(MutipleSignal Classification)算法以及对倾斜天线阵列的性能分析。
论文的重点是研究现有的智能天线技术中波达方向(DOA)的估计算法(MUSIC算法)实现方法和不足,进而提出改进的循环互相关MUSIC算法并通过仿真实验证明该算法的改进是有效的以及对于倾斜天线的性能分析。最经典的超分辨率空间谱估计方法是Schmidt在1979年提出的MUSIC算法。在模型准确的条件下,该算法准确估计空间上互不相关波达的方向。然而对空间上相隔比较近的小信噪比信号MUSIC算法却不能很好的分辨出他们的波达方向,解决的途径是利用目标信号的信号谱相关特性以提高信号谱的稳定性。MUSIC算法就是将信号的循环平稳特性用于阵列信号的处理中,这样就进一步提高信号的处理质量,具有更好的噪声抑制特性和分辨能力。
Intelligent antenna original name is from meet antenna array, initially apply in the aspects such as radar, sonar and military communication, strain mainly used for completion wave and location, for instance appearance control the radar of battle array is in which a kind of adopting than simple from the military product that meets antenna battle array. Intelligent antenna is the research people of mobile communication from meet antenna battle array the name that utilized in mobile communication, English name is Smart Antenna or Intelligent Antenna.
This paper will introduce development and the research background of intelligent antenna in the TD-SCDMA system of mobile communication, Secondly, the related technologies such as basic concept and theory for intelligent antenna have gone on, is detailed to elaborate, MUSIC algorithm is related finally through having put forward the cycle of improvement for the research with the intelligent antenna technical medium wave reaching direction algorithm.
The focal point of paper is the intelligence with existing research the estimated algorithm with the antenna technical medium wave reaching direction realization method with is below, And then circulating mutually barrier MUSIC that puts forward improvement algorithm and the improvement that proves this algorithm through emulation experiment is effective. Most classics exceed the space table estimated method of resolution capacity is the MUSIC algorithm that Schmidt puts forward in 1979. Under the accurate condition of model, on this algorithm accurate estimated space the direction that does not reach related to wave mutual . However for space on is separated by more near little signal-to-noise ratio signal MUSIC algorithm can not very good distinguish their wave reach direction, the channel of solution is the signal table correlated characteristics that uses goal signal in order to raise the stability of signal table. MUSIC algorithm for is will the circulating steady property of signal the handling used in array signal in, so raise the handling of signal further quality, have better rash sound to restrain property and resolution.
本文将介绍TD-SCDMA移动通信系统中智能天线的研究背景及动态,其次对智能天线的基本概念、理论等相关技术进行了详细的阐述。最后通过对智能天线技术中波达方向算法的研究提出了改进的循环相关MUSIC(MutipleSignal Classification)算法以及对倾斜天线阵列的性能分析。
论文的重点是研究现有的智能天线技术中波达方向(DOA)的估计算法(MUSIC算法)实现方法和不足,进而提出改进的循环互相关MUSIC算法并通过仿真实验证明该算法的改进是有效的以及对于倾斜天线的性能分析。最经典的超分辨率空间谱估计方法是Schmidt在1979年提出的MUSIC算法。在模型准确的条件下,该算法准确估计空间上互不相关波达的方向。然而对空间上相隔比较近的小信噪比信号MUSIC算法却不能很好的分辨出他们的波达方向,解决的途径是利用目标信号的信号谱相关特性以提高信号谱的稳定性。MUSIC算法就是将信号的循环平稳特性用于阵列信号的处理中,这样就进一步提高信号的处理质量,具有更好的噪声抑制特性和分辨能力。
Intelligent antenna original name is from meet antenna array, initially apply in the aspects such as radar, sonar and military communication, strain mainly used for completion wave and location, for instance appearance control the radar of battle array is in which a kind of adopting than simple from the military product that meets antenna battle array. Intelligent antenna is the research people of mobile communication from meet antenna battle array the name that utilized in mobile communication, English name is Smart Antenna or Intelligent Antenna.
This paper will introduce development and the research background of intelligent antenna in the TD-SCDMA system of mobile communication, Secondly, the related technologies such as basic concept and theory for intelligent antenna have gone on, is detailed to elaborate, MUSIC algorithm is related finally through having put forward the cycle of improvement for the research with the intelligent antenna technical medium wave reaching direction algorithm.
The focal point of paper is the intelligence with existing research the estimated algorithm with the antenna technical medium wave reaching direction realization method with is below, And then circulating mutually barrier MUSIC that puts forward improvement algorithm and the improvement that proves this algorithm through emulation experiment is effective. Most classics exceed the space table estimated method of resolution capacity is the MUSIC algorithm that Schmidt puts forward in 1979. Under the accurate condition of model, on this algorithm accurate estimated space the direction that does not reach related to wave mutual . However for space on is separated by more near little signal-to-noise ratio signal MUSIC algorithm can not very good distinguish their wave reach direction, the channel of solution is the signal table correlated characteristics that uses goal signal in order to raise the stability of signal table. MUSIC algorithm for is will the circulating steady property of signal the handling used in array signal in, so raise the handling of signal further quality, have better rash sound to restrain property and resolution.
引文
1:UE Radio Transmission and Reception(TDD)3Gpp RAN TS25.102(V1.4.0),2002.3
2:BS Radio Transmission and Reception(TDD)3Gpp RAN TS25.102(V1.4.0),2002.3
3:李小强 未来移动通信系统中的智能天线技术移动通信1999.23
4:G.V.Tsoulos "Smart antennas for mobile communications systems:benefits and challenges"Electronics Communication Engineering Journal 1999.484-93
5:李小文,李贵勇,陈贤亮等,TD-SCDMA第三代通信系统、信令及实现,人民邮电出版社
6:吴韦陵 移动通信中的关键技术北京邮电大学出版社2000
7:杨大成 现代移动通信中的先进技术机械工业出版社2005.7
8:Joseph C.Liberti,Theodore S.Rappaport Smart Antennas for Wireless Communications Prentice Hall PTR 1996
9:3GPP R199623 Smart Antenna Technology
10:Jach H.winterw Smart Antennas for Wireless Systems IEEE Personal Communications Feb1998
11:John Litva and Titus Kwok-Yeung Lo Digital beaming in wireless Communications Artech House 1996
12:吴群英,肖先赐,李世鹤时延角度扩散信道中TD-SCDMA系统下行波束技术信号处理18(5)2002.3
13:刘青光 信号特征向量分解与到达方向估计电子学报1993.1
14:肖先赐现代谱 估计哈尔滨工业大学出版社1992
15:S.Unnikemna Pillai Array Signal Processing Springer verlag1989
16:Peter Stonica etc MUSIC Maximum Likelihood and Cramer-Rao Bound IEEE Trans on ASSP 1989VOl.37(5)720-741
17:Harry B.Lee Resolution Threshold of Beamspaee MUSIC for Two Closely Spaced Emittlers IEEE Trans on ASSP 1990 Vol.38(9)723-738
18:黄知涛.周一宇,姜文利一种基于循环互相关的非相干源信号方向估计方法通信学报200324(2)108-113
19:朱德君 利用信号谱相关特性提高谱估计测向性能现代雷达2000.3
20:金梁 宽带循环平稳信号的二维空间谱估计通信学报2000.3
21:向为东,姚彦智能天线及其在无线通信中的应用 微波与卫星通行1999
22:汪仪林,殷勤业 利用信号的循环平稳特性进行相干源DOA估计电子学报1999
23:李建新 现代通信系统分析与仿真一一MATLAB通信工具箱西安电子科技大学出版社2000
24:彭木跟,王文博TD-SCDMA移动通信系统机械工业出版社2005
25:谢显中 基于TDD的第四代移动通信技术电子工业出版社2005
26:Joseph C.Liberti,Theodore S.Rappaport "Smart Antennas for Wireless Communications:IS-95 and Thirs Generation CDMA Applications" Prentice Hall PTR 1999
2:BS Radio Transmission and Reception(TDD)3Gpp RAN TS25.102(V1.4.0),2002.3
3:李小强 未来移动通信系统中的智能天线技术移动通信1999.23
4:G.V.Tsoulos "Smart antennas for mobile communications systems:benefits and challenges"Electronics Communication Engineering Journal 1999.484-93
5:李小文,李贵勇,陈贤亮等,TD-SCDMA第三代通信系统、信令及实现,人民邮电出版社
6:吴韦陵 移动通信中的关键技术北京邮电大学出版社2000
7:杨大成 现代移动通信中的先进技术机械工业出版社2005.7
8:Joseph C.Liberti,Theodore S.Rappaport Smart Antennas for Wireless Communications Prentice Hall PTR 1996
9:3GPP R199623 Smart Antenna Technology
10:Jach H.winterw Smart Antennas for Wireless Systems IEEE Personal Communications Feb1998
11:John Litva and Titus Kwok-Yeung Lo Digital beaming in wireless Communications Artech House 1996
12:吴群英,肖先赐,李世鹤时延角度扩散信道中TD-SCDMA系统下行波束技术信号处理18(5)2002.3
13:刘青光 信号特征向量分解与到达方向估计电子学报1993.1
14:肖先赐现代谱 估计哈尔滨工业大学出版社1992
15:S.Unnikemna Pillai Array Signal Processing Springer verlag1989
16:Peter Stonica etc MUSIC Maximum Likelihood and Cramer-Rao Bound IEEE Trans on ASSP 1989VOl.37(5)720-741
17:Harry B.Lee Resolution Threshold of Beamspaee MUSIC for Two Closely Spaced Emittlers IEEE Trans on ASSP 1990 Vol.38(9)723-738
18:黄知涛.周一宇,姜文利一种基于循环互相关的非相干源信号方向估计方法通信学报200324(2)108-113
19:朱德君 利用信号谱相关特性提高谱估计测向性能现代雷达2000.3
20:金梁 宽带循环平稳信号的二维空间谱估计通信学报2000.3
21:向为东,姚彦智能天线及其在无线通信中的应用 微波与卫星通行1999
22:汪仪林,殷勤业 利用信号的循环平稳特性进行相干源DOA估计电子学报1999
23:李建新 现代通信系统分析与仿真一一MATLAB通信工具箱西安电子科技大学出版社2000
24:彭木跟,王文博TD-SCDMA移动通信系统机械工业出版社2005
25:谢显中 基于TDD的第四代移动通信技术电子工业出版社2005
26:Joseph C.Liberti,Theodore S.Rappaport "Smart Antennas for Wireless Communications:IS-95 and Thirs Generation CDMA Applications" Prentice Hall PTR 1999