集成光学陀螺谐振腔的研究与设计
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摘要
本文首先介绍了谐振式光学陀螺的基本原理,对其关键器件---谐振腔的谐振特性作了理论分析研究。分析了理想光源激励下,环形谐振腔的谐振特性,阐述了谐振腔的主要参数(损耗和耦合系数)对谐振特性以及精细度的影响。得出影响谐振特性的主要因素是损耗和耦合比,并推导出损耗和耦合系数之间的一个最佳匹配条件。在此条件下,耦合进入谐振腔的能量完全用于补偿谐振腔能量的损耗。同时,在考虑光源有限相干性的前提下,分析了这些因素与谐振腔的传递系数以及精细度之间的定性和定量的关系。
为了便于集成并使得弯曲损耗尽量小,选择适当的环形波导尺寸便成了关键问题。本文应用有效折射率法把条形波导等效为平面波导,即将三维问题简化为两维问题,避免了求解特征方程的繁琐,然后再采用矩阵法,数值计算出弱导情况下聚合物环形波导的弯曲损耗,并以此作为确定谐振环尺寸的依据之一。最后通过分析弯曲损耗产生的机理,并针对聚合物PMMA波导制备工艺,提出了通过对包层折射率的修饰,使得弯曲损耗减小的思路,从而为聚合物环形波导的优化设计开辟了一条新思路。
最后本文研究了谐振式集成光学陀螺中主要关心的几种噪声,并归纳整理了对这些噪声的补偿方法。同时,针对谐振式光学陀螺光源相干性强,导致或加强一系列寄生效应的特点,提出了采用双环谐振型集成光学陀螺的结构来进行改善的措施,并对其进行简单的理论分析。
This thesis firstly introduces the basic theory used in optical gyroscope(OG), and then analyses the resonant characteristic of the key component of OG—resonation cavity. The analysis illustrates the impaction of the main parameters of resonator on the resonant characteristic supposing the ideal laser source. The primary factor that influences resonant characteristic comes down to loss. Also the optimum resonance amplitude condition has been obtained. Under this condition, the input energy is entirely compensated for the loss of resonator. Simultaneously, the relationship between this factor and the transfer coefficient when considering the laser dimension has been researched.
It becomes key to choose a proper size of ring resonator for convenient integration and minimal bending loss. In this thesis, a combination of effective refractive-index and matrix approach based on matlab is present here for calculation of bending loss in PMMA polymer annular waveguide. Simultaneously, the result shows that if the refractive index in cladding is suitably modified, the bending loss can be made small. This provides a very useful thinking for optimizing the polymer annular waveguide.
The causing mechanism of the main noises in the resonant optic gyro is analyzed finally. The compensation methods for some kinds of noises which we care are induced. At the same time, the structure of double ring resonator is introduced to avoid noises caused by condensed interferenced laser, and its simple academic analysis is also present.
为了便于集成并使得弯曲损耗尽量小,选择适当的环形波导尺寸便成了关键问题。本文应用有效折射率法把条形波导等效为平面波导,即将三维问题简化为两维问题,避免了求解特征方程的繁琐,然后再采用矩阵法,数值计算出弱导情况下聚合物环形波导的弯曲损耗,并以此作为确定谐振环尺寸的依据之一。最后通过分析弯曲损耗产生的机理,并针对聚合物PMMA波导制备工艺,提出了通过对包层折射率的修饰,使得弯曲损耗减小的思路,从而为聚合物环形波导的优化设计开辟了一条新思路。
最后本文研究了谐振式集成光学陀螺中主要关心的几种噪声,并归纳整理了对这些噪声的补偿方法。同时,针对谐振式光学陀螺光源相干性强,导致或加强一系列寄生效应的特点,提出了采用双环谐振型集成光学陀螺的结构来进行改善的措施,并对其进行简单的理论分析。
This thesis firstly introduces the basic theory used in optical gyroscope(OG), and then analyses the resonant characteristic of the key component of OG—resonation cavity. The analysis illustrates the impaction of the main parameters of resonator on the resonant characteristic supposing the ideal laser source. The primary factor that influences resonant characteristic comes down to loss. Also the optimum resonance amplitude condition has been obtained. Under this condition, the input energy is entirely compensated for the loss of resonator. Simultaneously, the relationship between this factor and the transfer coefficient when considering the laser dimension has been researched.
It becomes key to choose a proper size of ring resonator for convenient integration and minimal bending loss. In this thesis, a combination of effective refractive-index and matrix approach based on matlab is present here for calculation of bending loss in PMMA polymer annular waveguide. Simultaneously, the result shows that if the refractive index in cladding is suitably modified, the bending loss can be made small. This provides a very useful thinking for optimizing the polymer annular waveguide.
The causing mechanism of the main noises in the resonant optic gyro is analyzed finally. The compensation methods for some kinds of noises which we care are induced. At the same time, the structure of double ring resonator is introduced to avoid noises caused by condensed interferenced laser, and its simple academic analysis is also present.
引文
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