黄精、巴戟天、白芷有效成分体外抗肿瘤作用的研究
|
摘要
背景和目的
在恶性肿瘤的高发病率和高死亡率的今天,恶性肿瘤的防治和治疗已经成为学者们所面临的难点和重点。恶性肿瘤的治疗已经经历了一个漫长的过程。外科手术从广泛的切除治疗,到组织和功能的保存治疗,已经发展到目前的预防性手术治疗、微创治疗、个体化治疗；内科治疗从无特异性的细胞毒药物治疗,对不同阶段的癌细胞的大剂量药物杀伤治疗,已经发展到靶向治疗、生物治疗等；放射治疗也发展为联合治疗,对正常的组织损伤减小,更好的提高疗效。肿瘤一旦发现,多数已经为中晚期,而对于中晚期的肿瘤已经不能手术治疗,多采用化学治疗。临床上长期化学治疗后,发现化疗药物有耐药性,对患者有较多的毒副作用,且长期应用费用较高,这些都使患者的生活质量大大降低。近几年对天然药物的开发和应用已经成为研究的热点。中药在治疗肿瘤方面主要体现其扶正祛邪的观点,来抑制肿瘤细胞的生长活性和作用于细胞周期诱导凋亡。中药与西药相比,来源广泛、价格低、副作用小,可通过中药单药或者复方合剂来进行研究,提取其抗肿瘤成分,获得新的抗肿瘤药物,为治疗肿瘤开辟新的途径。
黄精、巴戟天、白芷为传统的中药,提取其抗肿瘤的主要成分来进行研究。本研究选择人食管癌Eca-109细胞株、人胃癌HGC-27细胞株、人直肠癌HCT-8细胞株,进行体外抗肿瘤实验,分别将不同浓度和不同组合的中药作用于三种细胞,进行细胞生物活性的检测、药物作用后细胞形态变化和对细胞周期的影响,通过对细胞生物活性的检测、细胞形态的变化和细胞周期的影响,为后续对实体转移瘤的体内实验研究提供进一步的理论依据。
方法
1药物的制备根据参考文献中药物的提取方法来进行各药物抗肿瘤主要成分的提取。三种中药的抗肿瘤成分主要为黄静多糖、巴戟天水提液、白芷异欧前胡素。实验中将各主要成分溶解并稀释为实验所需的药物浓度。药物的浓度=中药重量/培养液体积。
2细胞培养Eca-109、HGC-27、HCT-8细胞用含10%灭活胎牛血清的RPMI-1640培养基,在37℃、5%CO2的细胞培养箱中常规培养。24h-48h换液,48h-72h传代。
3细胞抑制率的测定取Eca-109、HGC-27、HCT-8对数生长期细胞,均以5×104/m1细胞浓度接种于96孔板,每孔接种200μL,培养36h后,设对照组(未加药)和实验组,每组设6个平行孔,置于37℃、5%CO2培养箱中常规培养48h,采用噻唑蓝(MTT)还原法来检测各实验组细胞的生长抑制率。实验重复3次(n=18)。
4观察细胞形态学采用倒置显微镜观察各药物作用于Eca-109细胞48小时后的形态学的变化。
5流式细胞仪检测细胞周期变化。
6统计学分析采用统计学软件SPSS17.0分析,采用单因素方差分析及χ2检验进行分析,以a=0.05为检验水准。
结果
1黄精、巴戟天、白芷对三种肿瘤细胞的生长抑制作用
1.1对Eca-109细胞的生长抑制作用黄精浓度达到20mg/ml时,抑制率可达到56.69%,巴戟天浓度达到20mg/ml时,抑制率可达到61.66%,白芷浓度达到4mg/ml时,抑制率可达到24.27%,小剂量的三药合用时,抑制率可达到88.31%。
1.2对HGC-27细胞的生长抑制作用黄精多糖浓度达到20mg/ml时,抑制率可达到51.65%,巴戟天水提液浓度达到20mg/ml时,抑制率可达到56.96%,白芷浓度达到4mg/ml时,抑制率可达到23.84%,小剂量三药合用时,抑制率可达到87.96%。
1.3对HCT-8细胞的生长抑制作用黄精多糖浓度达到20mg/ml时,抑制率可达到58.19%,巴戟天水提液浓度达到20mg/ml时,抑制率可达到60.19%,白芷浓度达到4mg/ml时,抑制率可达到28.27%,小剂量三药合用时,抑制率可达到87.70%。
2空白对照组：Eca-109细胞形态为多边形,且贴壁生长,生长状态良好。黄精组(1mg/ml)和白芷组(0.5mg/ml)：大部分的贴壁细胞失去了正常形态,细胞形态变为圆形并且折光性较差。三联组(黄精4mg/ml+巴戟天4mg/ml+白芷0.5mg/ml)：成团的细胞互相分离,细胞形态缩小且凝聚,细胞膜变得皱缩,核染色质深染且固缩,聚拢在核膜的边缘,可多见空泡变形。
3体外培养的Eca-109细胞、HGC-27细胞、HCT-8细胞经过三种单药分别作用和联合作用后,各个实验组的细胞S期百分比率明显的升高,GO/G1期细胞的百分比率明显的下降；细胞被阻滞于S期,抑制细胞凋亡。
结论
1黄精、巴戟天、白芷三种中药均能明显抑制Eca-109细胞,HGC-27细胞,HCT-8细胞的生长活性；且小剂量药物组合连用时,更明显的抑制了细胞生长的活性。
2黄精、巴戟天、白芷三种中药将Eca-109细胞,HGC-27细胞,HCT-8细胞阻滞于S期,且三药组合作用时细胞阻滞于S期,可诱导细胞凋亡。
3本实验结果表明,黄精、巴戟天、白芷三种中药单用及组合应用时均有抗肿瘤的作用,机制可能为作用于细胞周期将细胞阻滞于S期和诱导细胞凋亡。本实验为进一步的后期研究和临床应用提供了科学的理论依据。
Background and purpose
The prevention and treatment of malignant tumor have become difficulty and key the scholars face as a result of the high incidence and mortality of cancer. The treatment of malignant tumor has experienced a long process. Surgical resection from extensive to the organization and function of the conservative therapy, have been developed to the current preventive surgery, minimally invasive treatment and individual therapy. Medical treatment has been developed from the nonspecific cytotoxic drugs therapy, the different stages of the cancer cells of high-dose drug killer treatment, to targeting therapy, biotherapy, etc. Accompanied with other therapies, radiotherapy can be less likely to damage the healthy tissue and improve the curative effect. When the tumor was found, most of them were already the middle-late stage. The middle-late tumor patients who were medically inoperable were generally offered chemical treatment. The patients of the long-term chemotherapy were found to have drug resistance, more side effects, higher cost and lower the quality of life. The development and application of the nature medicines has become the research focus these years. The anti-tumor mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine may inhibit the growth of tumor cells and induce apoptosis through affecting the different phase of tumor cell generation cycle, which is the viewpoint of strengthening body resistance and eliminating evil. Compared with western medicine, traditional Chinese medicine has extensive sources, low price and slight side effects. Traditional Chinese medicine can be researched through single drug or compound mixture, withdrawing its anti-tumor components, accessing to new anticancer drugs, and opening new avenues for the treatment of tumors.
Rhizoma polygonati, Morinda officinalis, radix angelicae dahuricae are the traditional Chinese medicine, being extracted the main component for the anti-tumor research. This experiment chooses human esophageal carcinoma Eca-109cell, human lung cancer HGC-27cell, human colon cancer HCT-8cell as experimental objects.In this study, deal with three types of cells with different concentrations and different combinations of Chinese herb extracts in vitro, then detect cell biological activity, changes in cell morphology and cell cycle. These experiments will provide further theoretical basis for the experimental study of follow-up entity metastases.
Methods
1Drug preparation According to the literature, the drug in the extraction method to extract anti-tumor components of crude extracting from all kinds of medicine。 Three kinds of Chinese traditional medicine antitumor composition mainly for Rhizoma polygonati polysaccharide, morinda officinalis how liquid, radix angelicae dahuricae isoimperatorin. Major composition dissolved in the experiment for different drug concentration. Drug concentration=Traditional Chinese medicine weight/medium volume.
2Cell culture Eca-109, HGC-27, HCT-8cells used to contain10%inactivated fetal bovine serum RPMI-1640medium, at37℃and routinely cultured in5%CO2incubator.24to48hour for liquid,48-72hour passage.
3The determination of the inhibition rates Take the Eca-109, HGC-27, HCT-8cells in the logarithmic growth phase,5x104/ml concentration of cells inoculated in96-well plates, each well inoculated with200μL, cultured36h, set in the control group (no dosing)and experimental groups, each group of six parallel hole, at37℃ and routinely cultured in5%CO2incubator, after48h, thiazolyl blue (MTT) reduction method to determine the growth inhibitory rate of cells of each experimental group. The experiment was repeated three times (n=18).
4Watch cell morphology After drug action in Eca-109cells48hours, observed the morphological changes using an inverted microscope.
5Flow cytometry to detect cell cycle
6Statistical analysis statistical software SPSS17.0analysis, single factor analysis of variance test with a=0.05for the inspection standards.
Results
1Inhibitory effect of Rhizoma polygonati,morinda officinalis how,radix angelicae dahuricae on the three tumor cells.
1.1Eca-109cell growth of inhibition when Rhizoma polygonati concentration was20mg/ml, the inhibition rate reached56.69%, when Morinda officinalis how concentration was20mg/ml, the inhibition rate reached61.66%,when radix angelicae dahuricae concentration was4mg/ml, the inhibition rate of24.27%,when three drugs combined, the highest inhibition rate of88.31%.
1.2HGC-27cell growth of inhibition when Rhizoma polygonati concentration was20mg/ml, the inhibition rate reached51.65%, when Morinda officinalis how concentration was20mg/ml, the inhibition rate reached56.96%,when radix angelicae dahuricae concentration was4mg/ml, the inhibition rate of23.84%,when three drugs combined, the highest inhibition rate of87.96%.
1.3HCT-8cell growth of inhibition when Rhizoma polygonati concentration was20mg/ml, the inhibition rate reached58.19%, when Morinda officinalis how concentration was20mg/ml, the inhibition rate reached60.19%,when radix angelicae dahuricae concentration was4mg/ml, the inhibition rate of28.27%,when three drugs combined, the highest inhibition rate of87.70%.
2Blank control group:Eca-109cell morphology have a polygon, and the adherent growth, growth in good condition. Rhizoma polygonati (lmg/ml) and radix angelicae dahuricae (0.5mg/ml):Most of the adherent cells lose their normal morphology, cell shape into a round and less refraction. Triple set group (the Rhizoma polygonati4mg/ml+the Morinda officinalis how4mg/ml+the radix angelicae dahuricae0.5mg/ml):into a group of cells separated from each other, cohesion and narrow cells, cell membrane becomes wrinkled, nuclear chromatin deeply stained pyknotic gathered in the nuclear the edge of the membrane, may be more common in the vacuole deformation.
3、Eca-109cells, HGC-27cells and HCT-8cells were cultured in vitro,by different single-agent and combination therapy, the percentage rate of cells in S phase of the experimental group significantly increased,and in G0/G1phase cells have the percentage rate significant decrease; cells were blocked in S phase and inhibition of apoptosis.
Conclusions
1Rhizoma polygonati, Morinda officinalis, radix angelicae dahuricae three kinds of traditional Chinese medicine can significantly inhibit Eca-109cells, HGC-27cells and HCT-8cell growth activity. And a combination of drugs used in conjunction, a more pronounced inhibition of cell growth activity.
2Rhizoma polygonati, Morinda officinalis, radix angelicae dahuricae three kinds of traditional Chinese medicine let Eca-109cells, the HGC-27cells and HCT-8cells arrest in S phase and the role of three-drug combination can induce apoptosis.
3The results suggest that, Rhizoma polygonati, Morinda officinalis, radix angelicae dahuricae all have antitumor activity when used alone and the combination of three kinds of traditional Chinese medicine, the mechanism may be the role of the cell cycle cells were arrested in S phase and induction of apoptosis. This experiment provides a scientific and theoretical basis for further post-research and clinical applications.
在恶性肿瘤的高发病率和高死亡率的今天,恶性肿瘤的防治和治疗已经成为学者们所面临的难点和重点。恶性肿瘤的治疗已经经历了一个漫长的过程。外科手术从广泛的切除治疗,到组织和功能的保存治疗,已经发展到目前的预防性手术治疗、微创治疗、个体化治疗；内科治疗从无特异性的细胞毒药物治疗,对不同阶段的癌细胞的大剂量药物杀伤治疗,已经发展到靶向治疗、生物治疗等；放射治疗也发展为联合治疗,对正常的组织损伤减小,更好的提高疗效。肿瘤一旦发现,多数已经为中晚期,而对于中晚期的肿瘤已经不能手术治疗,多采用化学治疗。临床上长期化学治疗后,发现化疗药物有耐药性,对患者有较多的毒副作用,且长期应用费用较高,这些都使患者的生活质量大大降低。近几年对天然药物的开发和应用已经成为研究的热点。中药在治疗肿瘤方面主要体现其扶正祛邪的观点,来抑制肿瘤细胞的生长活性和作用于细胞周期诱导凋亡。中药与西药相比,来源广泛、价格低、副作用小,可通过中药单药或者复方合剂来进行研究,提取其抗肿瘤成分,获得新的抗肿瘤药物,为治疗肿瘤开辟新的途径。
黄精、巴戟天、白芷为传统的中药,提取其抗肿瘤的主要成分来进行研究。本研究选择人食管癌Eca-109细胞株、人胃癌HGC-27细胞株、人直肠癌HCT-8细胞株,进行体外抗肿瘤实验,分别将不同浓度和不同组合的中药作用于三种细胞,进行细胞生物活性的检测、药物作用后细胞形态变化和对细胞周期的影响,通过对细胞生物活性的检测、细胞形态的变化和细胞周期的影响,为后续对实体转移瘤的体内实验研究提供进一步的理论依据。
方法
1药物的制备根据参考文献中药物的提取方法来进行各药物抗肿瘤主要成分的提取。三种中药的抗肿瘤成分主要为黄静多糖、巴戟天水提液、白芷异欧前胡素。实验中将各主要成分溶解并稀释为实验所需的药物浓度。药物的浓度=中药重量/培养液体积。
2细胞培养Eca-109、HGC-27、HCT-8细胞用含10%灭活胎牛血清的RPMI-1640培养基,在37℃、5%CO2的细胞培养箱中常规培养。24h-48h换液,48h-72h传代。
3细胞抑制率的测定取Eca-109、HGC-27、HCT-8对数生长期细胞,均以5×104/m1细胞浓度接种于96孔板,每孔接种200μL,培养36h后,设对照组(未加药)和实验组,每组设6个平行孔,置于37℃、5%CO2培养箱中常规培养48h,采用噻唑蓝(MTT)还原法来检测各实验组细胞的生长抑制率。实验重复3次(n=18)。
4观察细胞形态学采用倒置显微镜观察各药物作用于Eca-109细胞48小时后的形态学的变化。
5流式细胞仪检测细胞周期变化。
6统计学分析采用统计学软件SPSS17.0分析,采用单因素方差分析及χ2检验进行分析,以a=0.05为检验水准。
结果
1黄精、巴戟天、白芷对三种肿瘤细胞的生长抑制作用
1.1对Eca-109细胞的生长抑制作用黄精浓度达到20mg/ml时,抑制率可达到56.69%,巴戟天浓度达到20mg/ml时,抑制率可达到61.66%,白芷浓度达到4mg/ml时,抑制率可达到24.27%,小剂量的三药合用时,抑制率可达到88.31%。
1.2对HGC-27细胞的生长抑制作用黄精多糖浓度达到20mg/ml时,抑制率可达到51.65%,巴戟天水提液浓度达到20mg/ml时,抑制率可达到56.96%,白芷浓度达到4mg/ml时,抑制率可达到23.84%,小剂量三药合用时,抑制率可达到87.96%。
1.3对HCT-8细胞的生长抑制作用黄精多糖浓度达到20mg/ml时,抑制率可达到58.19%,巴戟天水提液浓度达到20mg/ml时,抑制率可达到60.19%,白芷浓度达到4mg/ml时,抑制率可达到28.27%,小剂量三药合用时,抑制率可达到87.70%。
2空白对照组：Eca-109细胞形态为多边形,且贴壁生长,生长状态良好。黄精组(1mg/ml)和白芷组(0.5mg/ml)：大部分的贴壁细胞失去了正常形态,细胞形态变为圆形并且折光性较差。三联组(黄精4mg/ml+巴戟天4mg/ml+白芷0.5mg/ml)：成团的细胞互相分离,细胞形态缩小且凝聚,细胞膜变得皱缩,核染色质深染且固缩,聚拢在核膜的边缘,可多见空泡变形。
3体外培养的Eca-109细胞、HGC-27细胞、HCT-8细胞经过三种单药分别作用和联合作用后,各个实验组的细胞S期百分比率明显的升高,GO/G1期细胞的百分比率明显的下降；细胞被阻滞于S期,抑制细胞凋亡。
结论
1黄精、巴戟天、白芷三种中药均能明显抑制Eca-109细胞,HGC-27细胞,HCT-8细胞的生长活性；且小剂量药物组合连用时,更明显的抑制了细胞生长的活性。
2黄精、巴戟天、白芷三种中药将Eca-109细胞,HGC-27细胞,HCT-8细胞阻滞于S期,且三药组合作用时细胞阻滞于S期,可诱导细胞凋亡。
3本实验结果表明,黄精、巴戟天、白芷三种中药单用及组合应用时均有抗肿瘤的作用,机制可能为作用于细胞周期将细胞阻滞于S期和诱导细胞凋亡。本实验为进一步的后期研究和临床应用提供了科学的理论依据。
Background and purpose
The prevention and treatment of malignant tumor have become difficulty and key the scholars face as a result of the high incidence and mortality of cancer. The treatment of malignant tumor has experienced a long process. Surgical resection from extensive to the organization and function of the conservative therapy, have been developed to the current preventive surgery, minimally invasive treatment and individual therapy. Medical treatment has been developed from the nonspecific cytotoxic drugs therapy, the different stages of the cancer cells of high-dose drug killer treatment, to targeting therapy, biotherapy, etc. Accompanied with other therapies, radiotherapy can be less likely to damage the healthy tissue and improve the curative effect. When the tumor was found, most of them were already the middle-late stage. The middle-late tumor patients who were medically inoperable were generally offered chemical treatment. The patients of the long-term chemotherapy were found to have drug resistance, more side effects, higher cost and lower the quality of life. The development and application of the nature medicines has become the research focus these years. The anti-tumor mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine may inhibit the growth of tumor cells and induce apoptosis through affecting the different phase of tumor cell generation cycle, which is the viewpoint of strengthening body resistance and eliminating evil. Compared with western medicine, traditional Chinese medicine has extensive sources, low price and slight side effects. Traditional Chinese medicine can be researched through single drug or compound mixture, withdrawing its anti-tumor components, accessing to new anticancer drugs, and opening new avenues for the treatment of tumors.
Rhizoma polygonati, Morinda officinalis, radix angelicae dahuricae are the traditional Chinese medicine, being extracted the main component for the anti-tumor research. This experiment chooses human esophageal carcinoma Eca-109cell, human lung cancer HGC-27cell, human colon cancer HCT-8cell as experimental objects.In this study, deal with three types of cells with different concentrations and different combinations of Chinese herb extracts in vitro, then detect cell biological activity, changes in cell morphology and cell cycle. These experiments will provide further theoretical basis for the experimental study of follow-up entity metastases.
Methods
1Drug preparation According to the literature, the drug in the extraction method to extract anti-tumor components of crude extracting from all kinds of medicine。 Three kinds of Chinese traditional medicine antitumor composition mainly for Rhizoma polygonati polysaccharide, morinda officinalis how liquid, radix angelicae dahuricae isoimperatorin. Major composition dissolved in the experiment for different drug concentration. Drug concentration=Traditional Chinese medicine weight/medium volume.
2Cell culture Eca-109, HGC-27, HCT-8cells used to contain10%inactivated fetal bovine serum RPMI-1640medium, at37℃and routinely cultured in5%CO2incubator.24to48hour for liquid,48-72hour passage.
3The determination of the inhibition rates Take the Eca-109, HGC-27, HCT-8cells in the logarithmic growth phase,5x104/ml concentration of cells inoculated in96-well plates, each well inoculated with200μL, cultured36h, set in the control group (no dosing)and experimental groups, each group of six parallel hole, at37℃ and routinely cultured in5%CO2incubator, after48h, thiazolyl blue (MTT) reduction method to determine the growth inhibitory rate of cells of each experimental group. The experiment was repeated three times (n=18).
4Watch cell morphology After drug action in Eca-109cells48hours, observed the morphological changes using an inverted microscope.
5Flow cytometry to detect cell cycle
6Statistical analysis statistical software SPSS17.0analysis, single factor analysis of variance test with a=0.05for the inspection standards.
Results
1Inhibitory effect of Rhizoma polygonati,morinda officinalis how,radix angelicae dahuricae on the three tumor cells.
1.1Eca-109cell growth of inhibition when Rhizoma polygonati concentration was20mg/ml, the inhibition rate reached56.69%, when Morinda officinalis how concentration was20mg/ml, the inhibition rate reached61.66%,when radix angelicae dahuricae concentration was4mg/ml, the inhibition rate of24.27%,when three drugs combined, the highest inhibition rate of88.31%.
1.2HGC-27cell growth of inhibition when Rhizoma polygonati concentration was20mg/ml, the inhibition rate reached51.65%, when Morinda officinalis how concentration was20mg/ml, the inhibition rate reached56.96%,when radix angelicae dahuricae concentration was4mg/ml, the inhibition rate of23.84%,when three drugs combined, the highest inhibition rate of87.96%.
1.3HCT-8cell growth of inhibition when Rhizoma polygonati concentration was20mg/ml, the inhibition rate reached58.19%, when Morinda officinalis how concentration was20mg/ml, the inhibition rate reached60.19%,when radix angelicae dahuricae concentration was4mg/ml, the inhibition rate of28.27%,when three drugs combined, the highest inhibition rate of87.70%.
2Blank control group:Eca-109cell morphology have a polygon, and the adherent growth, growth in good condition. Rhizoma polygonati (lmg/ml) and radix angelicae dahuricae (0.5mg/ml):Most of the adherent cells lose their normal morphology, cell shape into a round and less refraction. Triple set group (the Rhizoma polygonati4mg/ml+the Morinda officinalis how4mg/ml+the radix angelicae dahuricae0.5mg/ml):into a group of cells separated from each other, cohesion and narrow cells, cell membrane becomes wrinkled, nuclear chromatin deeply stained pyknotic gathered in the nuclear the edge of the membrane, may be more common in the vacuole deformation.
3、Eca-109cells, HGC-27cells and HCT-8cells were cultured in vitro,by different single-agent and combination therapy, the percentage rate of cells in S phase of the experimental group significantly increased,and in G0/G1phase cells have the percentage rate significant decrease; cells were blocked in S phase and inhibition of apoptosis.
Conclusions
1Rhizoma polygonati, Morinda officinalis, radix angelicae dahuricae three kinds of traditional Chinese medicine can significantly inhibit Eca-109cells, HGC-27cells and HCT-8cell growth activity. And a combination of drugs used in conjunction, a more pronounced inhibition of cell growth activity.
2Rhizoma polygonati, Morinda officinalis, radix angelicae dahuricae three kinds of traditional Chinese medicine let Eca-109cells, the HGC-27cells and HCT-8cells arrest in S phase and the role of three-drug combination can induce apoptosis.
3The results suggest that, Rhizoma polygonati, Morinda officinalis, radix angelicae dahuricae all have antitumor activity when used alone and the combination of three kinds of traditional Chinese medicine, the mechanism may be the role of the cell cycle cells were arrested in S phase and induction of apoptosis. This experiment provides a scientific and theoretical basis for further post-research and clinical applications.
引文
[1]陈世伟,张利民.肿瘤中西医综合治疗[M].北京人民卫生出版,2001：81
[2]秦健,李炜弘,曾跃琴,等.中医药在恶性肿瘤治疗中的优势[J].中医·中西医结合,2012,5(1)： 88
[3]周佳佳,芦柏震,周俐斐.医院中药制剂现状分析与展望——以浙江省肿瘤医院中药制剂为例[J].中医药管理杂志,2012,20(01)：72-74
[4]郭佩蕾,刘吉华,余伯阳.具有抗肿瘤转移作用的中药及其临床应用[J].药学进展,2012,36(01)：22-27
[5]田丽丽.中药配合放化疗治疗脑转移瘤68例临床分析[J]中国药物与临床,2012,12(01)：98-99
[6]徐渭沅.黄精多糖的提取工艺及其纯化、分离[D].[硕士学位论文].贵阳：贵州大学,2006
[7]陈彩英,詹若挺,陈蔚文.巴戟天的研究进展[J]-中药新药与临床药理,2009,20(3)：291,-293
[8]罗可望.儿种抗肿瘤活性成分的分离纯化及其致肝癌HGP2细胞凋亡的分子机制研究[D].[硕士学位论文].浙江：浙江大学,2010
[9]陈光,蔡慧云,魏晓军,等.胃肠道肿瘤冻存组织原代细胞培养的实验研究[J].临床军医杂志,2011,39(04)：605-607
[10]Abe R,Vco H,Akiyoshi.Evaluation of MTT assay in agarose for chemosensitivity testing of human cancer:Comparison with MTT assay[J].Oncology,1994,51(5):416
[11]张学新,肖柳英,潘竞锵.巴戟天对小鼠肿瘤细胞增殖及Bax、bcl-2蛋白表达的影响[J].中药材,2011,4(34)：598-601
[12]黄彩玲,林勇,肖柳英,等.巴戟天对S180荷瘤小鼠的免疫增强作用[J].中药材,2009,11(32)：1738-1741
[13]胡兵,安红梅,沈克平.中医肿瘤辩证抗癌与科学抗癌[J].中国民族民间医药,2009,33(01)： 33
[14]凌昌全.“癌毒”是恶性肿瘤之根本[J].中西医结合学报.,2008,6(02)：111-114
[15]李江.小柴胡汤及其药群配伍抗肝癌作用与激机理的研究.[D][博士学位论文].北京：北京中医药大学,2009
[16]崔香淑,金元哲.黄芩苷对肝癌HepG-2细胞的体外抑制作用[J].四川中医,2008,26(06)：9-10
[17]刘贤铭,张能芳.扶正中药在肿瘤治疗中的应用[J].江西药学与临床研究,1996,4(3)：4-5
[18]邹奎昌,徐凤仙,林水淼,等.养阴方和清解方治大鼠肝脏癌变的超微结构改变[J].上海中医药杂志,1996,(7)：45
[19]沈建伟,王明艳,赵凤鸣,等.两种中药复方拮抗环磷酰胺致突变作用的研究[J].癌变畸变突变,1999,11(1)：38
[20]秦健,李炜弘,曾跃琴,等.中医药在恶性肿瘤治疗中的优势[J]中医·中西医结合,2012,5(1)：88
[21]裴艳霞.谈中药抗肿瘤[J]光明中医,2011,26(12)：2570
[22]Yue-Zu Fan,, Ze-Ming Zhao,, Cun-Qiu Chen.Effect of norcantharidin on proliferation and invasion of human gallbladder carcinoma GBC-SD cells[J]. World Journal of Gastroenterology,2005,11(16):2431-2437
[23]华何与,杨运高.益气活血类中药抗肿瘤转移的机制[J].深圳中西医结合杂志,2005,15(2)：124-125
[24]王晓庆,梁中琴,顾振纶,等.槲皮素抑制血管生成作用的实验研究[J].中国药理学通报.,2004,20(10)：1161-1164
[25]沈敬华,杨丽敏,张林敏,等.五种中药提取物抗肿瘤作用的研究[J].内蒙古医学院学报,2005,27(4)：300-301
[26]邵俭,毕彦忠,徐兆森.中药化学成分及提取物在抗肿瘤中的作用[J].实用药物与临床,2009,12(4)：27-230
[27]王维民,刘延庆.单味中药提取物抗肿瘤实验研究进展[J].江苏中医药,2006,27(6)：62-64
[28]吴陈秀,殷东风.中药汤剂对恶性肿瘤患者细胞免疫功能的影响[J].实用中医内科杂志,2011,25(8)：73-75
[29]王媛.扶正类中药抗肿瘤作用的研究进展[J].内蒙古中医药,2011,(12)：106
[30]李汾,弥漫,袁秉祥,等.中药多糖的非免疫抗肿瘤作用机制[J].现代肿瘤医学,2006,14(6)：748-750
[31]崔娜娟,王洪琦.清热解毒中药在恶性肿瘤防治中的机理与应用概况[J].甘肃中医,2005,18(3)：43-44
[32]赵峰,刘培勋.中药抗肿瘤及其转移机制进展研究[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2007,27(02)：179-181
[33]陈明伟,倪磊,赵小革,等.人参皂苷Rg3对肿瘤血管生长调控因子蛋白表达抑制作用的研究[J].中国中药杂志.,2005,30(05)：357-360
[34]豆长明.中药抗肿瘤作用机制研究姿势评析[J].中医药学刊,2003,21(3)：361-363
[35]张征宇,赵远红.肿瘤转移的中医药治疗概况[J].中国中医基础医学杂志,2009,(04)
[36]王琳,杨静伟,宋凤丽,等.中药对肿瘤癌基因及抑癌基因表达影响的研究进展[J].中医药信息,2003,20(05)：18-19
[37]顾文静,叶丽红.分子基因水平上中医药防治肝癌实验研究现状与展望[J].中华中医药学刊.2007,25(06)：1214-1216
[38]Thyagarajan A, Jiang J, Hopf A,et al.Inhibition of oxidativestress-inducedinvasiveness of cancer cells by Ganoderma lucid-umis mediatedthroughthe suppression of interleukin-8secretion[J]. International Journal of Molecular Medicine,2006,18 (4):657-664
[39]王秀峰,苏式兵.中药及其成分干预肿瘤转移实验研究进展[J].中国中药杂志,2008,33(22)：2583-2586
[40]杜文静.p53蛋白在细胞凋亡中的作用机制研究[D].[博士学位论文].安徽：中国科技技术大学,2008
[41]刘爱华.p53和p38对UV诱导的细胞凋亡的抑制效应及其机制研究[D][博十学位论文]. 广东：第一军医大学,2007
[42]蔡朔,刘山,王旭.胃复康对人SGC-7901胃癌细胞株p53、bcl-2基因表达的影响[J].解剖科学进展,2009,15(1)：50-52
[43]王辉,曹杰,杨平,等. p53 mRNA及bcl-2、bax蛋白在直肠癌组织中的表达及意义[J].实用癌症杂志,2007,22(02)：140-143
[44]CULMSEE C, PLESNILA N.Targeting Bid to PreventProgrammed Cell Death in Neurons[J]. Biochemical Society Transactions,2006,34 (6):1334-1340
[45]王卫东,陈正堂.Bcl-2/Bax比率与细胞“命运”[J].中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志.,2007,14(04)：393-396
[46]Guo B, Zhai D, Cabezas E, et al.Humanin peptide suppresses apoptosis by interfering with Bax activation[J]. Nature.2003,423 (6938):456-461
[47]GRUSZKA A, KUNERT-RADEK J.The effects of octreotide and bromoctiptine on expression of a pro-apoptotic Bax protein in rat prolactinoma[J]. Folia Histochemica et Cytochemica,2004,42 (1):35-39
[48]曲波.wtp53协同中药百花蛇舌草对原发性肝癌作用机制的实验研究[D].[博十学位论文]黑龙江：黑龙江中医药大学,2003
[49]徐春,邱文娟,付淑云,等.中药降入三对大鼠催乳素瘤细胞表达bcl-2、bax的影响[J].中国药学杂志,2009,44(17)：1298-1300
[50]刘培民,郭建平,李龙华.复方阿胶浆含药血清对胃癌SGC7901细胞Bcl-2基因表达作用实验[J].辽宁中医杂志,2008,35(02)：185-186
[51]陈龙,陈洁平c-myc对肿瘤细胞生长抑制基因的转录调控[J].中华肿瘤防治杂志,2006,13(22)：1752-1754
[52]於常兰,张俊文.三氧化二砷诱导食管癌细胞凋亡及其对C-myc和TGF-β1表达的影响[J].重庆医学,2006,35(11)：1000-1004
[53]吴一飞,李灼日.原癌基因c-myc与恶性肿瘤[J].医学临床研究,2008,25(09)：1698-1700
[54]安云.健脾疏肝解毒方对大鼠肝癌c-myc基因表达影响的研究[D].[硕士学位论文].广州：暨南大学,2009
[55]谢晶日,李明,梁国英,等.益气活血化瘀法对大鼠肝癌前病变癌基因c-myc、N-ras mRNA表达的影响[J].中国中西医结合消化杂志,2009,17(02)：89-92
[56]马学斌.端粒酶逆转录酶基因在肿瘤基因治疗与诊断中的研究[D].[硕士学位论文].北京：中国人民解放军军医进修学院,2003
[57]倪晓谦,奚伟红,沈玉琴,等.端粒酶活性与肿瘤相关性研究[J].中国临床医学,2002,9(06)：627-629
[58]李听,聂克.中药抑制肿瘤端粒酶活性的研究进展[J].中药新药与临床药理,2004,15(6)：440-443
[59]邹朝中,吴侯,于志国,等.中华灵芝宝对肝癌细胞端粒酶及细胞凋亡的研究[J].陕西肿瘤医学.2002,10(02)：134,155
[60]徐韬,许瑞安.中药及其有效成分抗肿瘤作用机制研究进展[J].华侨大学学报(自然科学 版),2009,(04)：359-365
[1]武蕾蕾,才玉婷.抗癌中药研究进展[J].牡丹江医学院学报,2009,30(6)：55-58
[2]张庭廷,夏晓凯,陈传平等.黄精多糖的生物活性研究[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2006,12(7)：42-45
[3]罗利琼.中药多糖在信号转导通路中的抗肿瘤作用及其机制研究[D].[硕十学位论文].武汉：湖北中医学院,2005
[4]叶红翠,张小平,余红,等.多花黄精粗多糖抗肿瘤活性研究[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2008,14(6)：34-36
[5]陈彩英,詹若挺,陈蔚文.巴戟天的药理研究进展[J].中药新药与临床药理,2009,20(3)：291-293
[6]黄彩玲,林勇,肖柳英,等.巴戟天对S180荷瘤小鼠的免疫增强作用[J],2009,11(32)：1738-1741
[7]朱孟勇,王彩娇,郝长胜.巴戟天多糖对骨制裁疏松大鼠血清护骨素表达影响的研究[J].Modern Practical Medicine,2010,22(7):748-749。
[8]小山淳子.巴戟天中有效成分的抗致癌促进剂作用[J].国外医学·中医药分册,1993,15(4)：43
[9]付嘉,熊彬.巴戟天对荷瘤小鼠抗肿瘤作用研究[J].中华实用中西医杂志,2005,18(16)：729
[10]李永超,宋杨,齐云.白芷的药理作用研究进展[J].国外医药.植物药分册,2007,22(4)：161-164。
[11]王梦月,贾敏如,马逾英,等,白芷中四种线型呋喃香豆素类成分药理作用[J].研究天然产物研究与开发,2010(22)：485-489
[12]林铭堉.《神农本草经》对研发肿瘤中药的贡献[D].[博士学位论文].广东：广州中医药大学,2011
[13]徐韬,许瑞安.中药及其有效成分抗肿瘤作用机制研究进展[J].华侨大学学报,2009,3(04)：359-365
[14]董嵩,江本元,程华,等.2007年临床肿瘤学重大进展——美国临床肿瘤学会年度报告[J].循证医学,2008,(01)：3-8
[15]黄坚.肿瘤生物治疗在肿瘤治疗发展中的地位[J].昆明医学院学报,2010,(04)：1-3
[16]孙燕.分子靶向治疗[J].医学研究杂志,2009,(01)：1
[17]秦健,李炜弘,曾跃琴,等.中医药在恶性肿瘤治疗中的优势[J].中医·中西医结合,2012,5(1)：88
[18]吕贺,朴成国,李香丹,等.中药抗肿瘤机制的研究现状[J].医学综述,2011,(19)：3004-3006
[19]钱生勇,冯平,徐艳艳,等.三氧化二砷与甲磺酸伊马替尼对慢性粒细胞白血病原代细胞增殖与凋亡的协同作用研究[J].中国医院用药评价与分析,2010,(06)：554-556
[20]林洪生,张英.中医药与肿瘤-历史的积淀与五十年的创新发展[J].中国新药杂志,2011,(17)：1640-1643
[21]Pommier Y, Kohn KW. Cell cycle and checkpoints inoncology:newtherapeutic targets [J]. Medical Science Research,2003
[22]高燕,林莉萍,丁健.细胞周期调控的研究进展[J].生命科学,2005,17(4)：318-322
[23]周瑞娟,陈红风.中药影响乳腺癌细胞周期的研究进展[J].肿瘤防治研究,2012,39(1)：100-104.
[24]梁彬,邹向阳.细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶及抑制因子与肿瘤[J].沈阳部队医院,2007,20(1)：63-64.
[25]Starostina NG, Kipreos ET. Multiple degradation pathways regulate versatile CIP/KIP CDK inhibitors[J].Trends Cell Biol,2012,22(1):33-41
[26]唐勇,富琦.何薇等鸡血藤抗肿瘤有效部位诱导A549肺癌细胞非凋亡性程序化细胞死亡研究[J].中国中药杂志,2008,33(16)：2040-2044
[27]李庆林,骆宏丰,方念白.椎茸的乙酸乙脂提取物诱导人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞凋亡的作用[J].中国药理学通报,2006,22(8)：1001-1004
[28]刘明月,范魁生,樊青霞,等.冬凌草甲素诱导结肠癌细胞凋亡的实验研究[J].河南肿瘤学杂志,2004,17(3)：167-168
[29]张学新,肖柳英,潘竞锵.巴戟天对小鼠肿瘤细胞增殖及Bax、Bcl-2蛋白表达的影响[J].中药材,2011,34(4)：598-601
[30]计春燕,谭诗云,汪毅,等.bcl-2和p53在丹皮酚诱导人结肠癌HT-29细胞凋亡中的作用及其机制[J].中国全科医学,2007,(05)：364-366
[31]郑丽兰,许剑琴.中药免疫机理研究进展[J].动物医学进展,2004, (06)：32-34
[32]赵南,田淑芳,张兆云.发挥中药免疫调节优势[J].中国中医药信息杂志1994,(05)：34-35
[33]王林元,张建军.一种扶正固本、增强人体免疫力、抗疲劳、抗肿瘤、延缓衰老的中药组合物[P].中国专利,CN102228494A.2011-11-02
[34]杨志强,王润田,崔激,等.中药复方抑瘤饮影响荷S180瘤小鼠免疫功能的动态研究[J].现代免疫学,2006,26(1)：64-68
[35]刘永斌.中药多糖的免疫调节与抗肿瘤作用研究进展[J].现代医院杂志,2008,8(2)：1-2
[36]黄彩玲,林勇,等.复方益母黄芪汤对小鼠肿瘤生长及免疫调节作用研究[J].中药材,2009,(7)：1122-1124
[37]万京华,李坤珍,陈鹏英.牡丹皮多糖对免疫抑制小鼠的免疫调节作用[J].中国中医药信息杂志,2006,13(7)：25-26
[38]李蕾.中药多糖对环磷酰胺的增效减毒作用[J].中国热带医学,2008,8(4)：685-687
[39]杭永付,薛晓燕,方芸,等.中药抗菌和逆转耐药作用机制研究进展[J].中国药房,2011,(47)：4504-4508
[40]Patrick DM, Hutchinson J.Antibiotic use and population ecology:how you can reduce your "resistance footprint"[J].Canadian Medical Association Journal.2009
[41]杭永付,薛晓燕,方芸,等.中药抗菌和逆转耐药作用机制研究进展[J].中国药房,2011,47：4504-4508
[42]曹勇,张丹,郑广娟,等.血青药理法研究补肾化瘀解毒方对肺癌耐药细胞的药物浓度的作用[J].中药材,2003,26(4)：263-265
[43]姚祖仁,王亚非,姚祖培,等.肺腺癌多药耐药细胞株SPC-A-1/ADM的建立及中药方剂提取物A2的逆转作用研究[J].中医药研究,2001,17(4)：40
[44]李志询,刘宗荣,周银桃,等.耐药直肠癌的耐药机制及中药逆转耐药机制的研究[J].中国当代医药,2009,(21)：7-9
[45]屈艺,刘菽秋,李大成,等.三种中药制剂Ams-11、Fw-13、Tul-17逆转肿瘤细胞多药耐药性的研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2006,(6)：932-936
[46]解霞,杨毅,高清波,等.川芎嗪对人乳腺癌MCF-7/ADM细胞多药耐药性的逆转及P-糖蛋白表达的影响[J].大连大学学报.,2006,(04)：635-638
[47]刘丽丽,刘艳娥,房国涛.三七总皂苷逆转乳腺癌细胞MCF-7/ADM多药耐药的实验研究[J].时珍国医国药,2008,(04)：954-956
[48]辛华.肿瘤细胞想血管外游走过程中内皮细胞功能调控的研究[D].[博士学位论文].吉林大学,2004
[49]CaoY. Therapeutic potentials of angiostatin in the treatment of cancer. Haematologica,, 1999,84 (7):643-650
[50]唐求,袁昌劲,聂彬,等.中药抗肿瘤血管生成研究进展[J].肿瘤学杂志,2010,(2):155-157
[51]杨红亚,王兴红,彭谦.薏苡仁抗肿瘤活性研究进展[J].中草药,2007,(8)：10007-10009
[52]吴秋玲.水蛭、斑蝥对肿瘤血管生成及VEGF, MMP表达的影响[D].[博士学位论文].湖北中医药大学,2011
[53]Igura K, Ohta T, Kuroda Y, et al.Resve ratrol and quercetin inhibit angiogenesis in vitro[J]. Cancer letter,2001,171 (1):11-16
[54]Gururaj A, Belakavadi M, Venkatesh D, etal. Molecular mechanisms of antiangigenic effect of curcunmin[J].Biochem Biophys Res Commun,2002,297 (4):934-940
[55]Zhu X F, Xie B F, Zhou J M, et al. Blockade of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signal pathway and antitumor activity of ON-Ⅲ(2',4'-dihydroxy-6'-methoxy-3',5'-dimethylchalcone),a component from Chinese herbal medicine[J].Mol Pharmacol,2005,67 (5):1444-1450
[56]许玲,苏晓妹,陈亚琳,等.中药消痰散结方对人胃癌裸鼠原位移植瘤VEGF,KDRmRNA表达的影响[J].世界华人消化杂志,2004,(04)：988-990
[57]徐韬,许瑞安.中药及其有效成分抗肿瘤作用机制研究进展[J].华侨大学学报(自然科学版),2009,(04)：359-365
[58]邓润洁,寇俊萍,余伯阳.中药有效成分抗血小板聚集作用机制研究进展[J].海峡药学,2006(04),7-10
[59]金娟.冬凌草甲素诱导肺癌A549细胞凋亡及机制研究[D].[硕十学位论文].湖南,南华大学,2009
[60]代国华,陈明媚.复方苦参注射液对中晚期肺癌化疗增效减毒作用的临床研究[J].中国医院用药评价与分析,2010(12)：1109-1111
[61]张荣华,柏干苹,唐倩.健脾益肾升白汤治疗肿瘤放化疗后白细胞减少症[J].现代中西医结合杂志,2009,(09)：1013-1014
[62]杨宏刚,庄永胜,安杰,等.益气扶正中药配合治疗非小细胞肺癌的疗效观察[J].内蒙古中医药,2011, (16)：17-18
[63]沈晓燕.艾迪注射液用于晚期癌症患者的护理[J].现代中西医结合杂志,2011,15：1900-1901
[64]周洁.中药扶正健脾汤联合化疗治疗中晚期大肠癌疗效观察[J].中华中医药学刊,2011,(12)：2814-2816
[2]秦健,李炜弘,曾跃琴,等.中医药在恶性肿瘤治疗中的优势[J].中医·中西医结合,2012,5(1)： 88
[3]周佳佳,芦柏震,周俐斐.医院中药制剂现状分析与展望——以浙江省肿瘤医院中药制剂为例[J].中医药管理杂志,2012,20(01)：72-74
[4]郭佩蕾,刘吉华,余伯阳.具有抗肿瘤转移作用的中药及其临床应用[J].药学进展,2012,36(01)：22-27
[5]田丽丽.中药配合放化疗治疗脑转移瘤68例临床分析[J]中国药物与临床,2012,12(01)：98-99
[6]徐渭沅.黄精多糖的提取工艺及其纯化、分离[D].[硕士学位论文].贵阳：贵州大学,2006
[7]陈彩英,詹若挺,陈蔚文.巴戟天的研究进展[J]-中药新药与临床药理,2009,20(3)：291,-293
[8]罗可望.儿种抗肿瘤活性成分的分离纯化及其致肝癌HGP2细胞凋亡的分子机制研究[D].[硕士学位论文].浙江：浙江大学,2010
[9]陈光,蔡慧云,魏晓军,等.胃肠道肿瘤冻存组织原代细胞培养的实验研究[J].临床军医杂志,2011,39(04)：605-607
[10]Abe R,Vco H,Akiyoshi.Evaluation of MTT assay in agarose for chemosensitivity testing of human cancer:Comparison with MTT assay[J].Oncology,1994,51(5):416
[11]张学新,肖柳英,潘竞锵.巴戟天对小鼠肿瘤细胞增殖及Bax、bcl-2蛋白表达的影响[J].中药材,2011,4(34)：598-601
[12]黄彩玲,林勇,肖柳英,等.巴戟天对S180荷瘤小鼠的免疫增强作用[J].中药材,2009,11(32)：1738-1741
[13]胡兵,安红梅,沈克平.中医肿瘤辩证抗癌与科学抗癌[J].中国民族民间医药,2009,33(01)： 33
[14]凌昌全.“癌毒”是恶性肿瘤之根本[J].中西医结合学报.,2008,6(02)：111-114
[15]李江.小柴胡汤及其药群配伍抗肝癌作用与激机理的研究.[D][博士学位论文].北京：北京中医药大学,2009
[16]崔香淑,金元哲.黄芩苷对肝癌HepG-2细胞的体外抑制作用[J].四川中医,2008,26(06)：9-10
[17]刘贤铭,张能芳.扶正中药在肿瘤治疗中的应用[J].江西药学与临床研究,1996,4(3)：4-5
[18]邹奎昌,徐凤仙,林水淼,等.养阴方和清解方治大鼠肝脏癌变的超微结构改变[J].上海中医药杂志,1996,(7)：45
[19]沈建伟,王明艳,赵凤鸣,等.两种中药复方拮抗环磷酰胺致突变作用的研究[J].癌变畸变突变,1999,11(1)：38
[20]秦健,李炜弘,曾跃琴,等.中医药在恶性肿瘤治疗中的优势[J]中医·中西医结合,2012,5(1)：88
[21]裴艳霞.谈中药抗肿瘤[J]光明中医,2011,26(12)：2570
[22]Yue-Zu Fan,, Ze-Ming Zhao,, Cun-Qiu Chen.Effect of norcantharidin on proliferation and invasion of human gallbladder carcinoma GBC-SD cells[J]. World Journal of Gastroenterology,2005,11(16):2431-2437
[23]华何与,杨运高.益气活血类中药抗肿瘤转移的机制[J].深圳中西医结合杂志,2005,15(2)：124-125
[24]王晓庆,梁中琴,顾振纶,等.槲皮素抑制血管生成作用的实验研究[J].中国药理学通报.,2004,20(10)：1161-1164
[25]沈敬华,杨丽敏,张林敏,等.五种中药提取物抗肿瘤作用的研究[J].内蒙古医学院学报,2005,27(4)：300-301
[26]邵俭,毕彦忠,徐兆森.中药化学成分及提取物在抗肿瘤中的作用[J].实用药物与临床,2009,12(4)：27-230
[27]王维民,刘延庆.单味中药提取物抗肿瘤实验研究进展[J].江苏中医药,2006,27(6)：62-64
[28]吴陈秀,殷东风.中药汤剂对恶性肿瘤患者细胞免疫功能的影响[J].实用中医内科杂志,2011,25(8)：73-75
[29]王媛.扶正类中药抗肿瘤作用的研究进展[J].内蒙古中医药,2011,(12)：106
[30]李汾,弥漫,袁秉祥,等.中药多糖的非免疫抗肿瘤作用机制[J].现代肿瘤医学,2006,14(6)：748-750
[31]崔娜娟,王洪琦.清热解毒中药在恶性肿瘤防治中的机理与应用概况[J].甘肃中医,2005,18(3)：43-44
[32]赵峰,刘培勋.中药抗肿瘤及其转移机制进展研究[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2007,27(02)：179-181
[33]陈明伟,倪磊,赵小革,等.人参皂苷Rg3对肿瘤血管生长调控因子蛋白表达抑制作用的研究[J].中国中药杂志.,2005,30(05)：357-360
[34]豆长明.中药抗肿瘤作用机制研究姿势评析[J].中医药学刊,2003,21(3)：361-363
[35]张征宇,赵远红.肿瘤转移的中医药治疗概况[J].中国中医基础医学杂志,2009,(04)
[36]王琳,杨静伟,宋凤丽,等.中药对肿瘤癌基因及抑癌基因表达影响的研究进展[J].中医药信息,2003,20(05)：18-19
[37]顾文静,叶丽红.分子基因水平上中医药防治肝癌实验研究现状与展望[J].中华中医药学刊.2007,25(06)：1214-1216
[38]Thyagarajan A, Jiang J, Hopf A,et al.Inhibition of oxidativestress-inducedinvasiveness of cancer cells by Ganoderma lucid-umis mediatedthroughthe suppression of interleukin-8secretion[J]. International Journal of Molecular Medicine,2006,18 (4):657-664
[39]王秀峰,苏式兵.中药及其成分干预肿瘤转移实验研究进展[J].中国中药杂志,2008,33(22)：2583-2586
[40]杜文静.p53蛋白在细胞凋亡中的作用机制研究[D].[博士学位论文].安徽：中国科技技术大学,2008
[41]刘爱华.p53和p38对UV诱导的细胞凋亡的抑制效应及其机制研究[D][博十学位论文]. 广东：第一军医大学,2007
[42]蔡朔,刘山,王旭.胃复康对人SGC-7901胃癌细胞株p53、bcl-2基因表达的影响[J].解剖科学进展,2009,15(1)：50-52
[43]王辉,曹杰,杨平,等. p53 mRNA及bcl-2、bax蛋白在直肠癌组织中的表达及意义[J].实用癌症杂志,2007,22(02)：140-143
[44]CULMSEE C, PLESNILA N.Targeting Bid to PreventProgrammed Cell Death in Neurons[J]. Biochemical Society Transactions,2006,34 (6):1334-1340
[45]王卫东,陈正堂.Bcl-2/Bax比率与细胞“命运”[J].中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志.,2007,14(04)：393-396
[46]Guo B, Zhai D, Cabezas E, et al.Humanin peptide suppresses apoptosis by interfering with Bax activation[J]. Nature.2003,423 (6938):456-461
[47]GRUSZKA A, KUNERT-RADEK J.The effects of octreotide and bromoctiptine on expression of a pro-apoptotic Bax protein in rat prolactinoma[J]. Folia Histochemica et Cytochemica,2004,42 (1):35-39
[48]曲波.wtp53协同中药百花蛇舌草对原发性肝癌作用机制的实验研究[D].[博十学位论文]黑龙江：黑龙江中医药大学,2003
[49]徐春,邱文娟,付淑云,等.中药降入三对大鼠催乳素瘤细胞表达bcl-2、bax的影响[J].中国药学杂志,2009,44(17)：1298-1300
[50]刘培民,郭建平,李龙华.复方阿胶浆含药血清对胃癌SGC7901细胞Bcl-2基因表达作用实验[J].辽宁中医杂志,2008,35(02)：185-186
[51]陈龙,陈洁平c-myc对肿瘤细胞生长抑制基因的转录调控[J].中华肿瘤防治杂志,2006,13(22)：1752-1754
[52]於常兰,张俊文.三氧化二砷诱导食管癌细胞凋亡及其对C-myc和TGF-β1表达的影响[J].重庆医学,2006,35(11)：1000-1004
[53]吴一飞,李灼日.原癌基因c-myc与恶性肿瘤[J].医学临床研究,2008,25(09)：1698-1700
[54]安云.健脾疏肝解毒方对大鼠肝癌c-myc基因表达影响的研究[D].[硕士学位论文].广州：暨南大学,2009
[55]谢晶日,李明,梁国英,等.益气活血化瘀法对大鼠肝癌前病变癌基因c-myc、N-ras mRNA表达的影响[J].中国中西医结合消化杂志,2009,17(02)：89-92
[56]马学斌.端粒酶逆转录酶基因在肿瘤基因治疗与诊断中的研究[D].[硕士学位论文].北京：中国人民解放军军医进修学院,2003
[57]倪晓谦,奚伟红,沈玉琴,等.端粒酶活性与肿瘤相关性研究[J].中国临床医学,2002,9(06)：627-629
[58]李听,聂克.中药抑制肿瘤端粒酶活性的研究进展[J].中药新药与临床药理,2004,15(6)：440-443
[59]邹朝中,吴侯,于志国,等.中华灵芝宝对肝癌细胞端粒酶及细胞凋亡的研究[J].陕西肿瘤医学.2002,10(02)：134,155
[60]徐韬,许瑞安.中药及其有效成分抗肿瘤作用机制研究进展[J].华侨大学学报(自然科学 版),2009,(04)：359-365
[1]武蕾蕾,才玉婷.抗癌中药研究进展[J].牡丹江医学院学报,2009,30(6)：55-58
[2]张庭廷,夏晓凯,陈传平等.黄精多糖的生物活性研究[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2006,12(7)：42-45
[3]罗利琼.中药多糖在信号转导通路中的抗肿瘤作用及其机制研究[D].[硕十学位论文].武汉：湖北中医学院,2005
[4]叶红翠,张小平,余红,等.多花黄精粗多糖抗肿瘤活性研究[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2008,14(6)：34-36
[5]陈彩英,詹若挺,陈蔚文.巴戟天的药理研究进展[J].中药新药与临床药理,2009,20(3)：291-293
[6]黄彩玲,林勇,肖柳英,等.巴戟天对S180荷瘤小鼠的免疫增强作用[J],2009,11(32)：1738-1741
[7]朱孟勇,王彩娇,郝长胜.巴戟天多糖对骨制裁疏松大鼠血清护骨素表达影响的研究[J].Modern Practical Medicine,2010,22(7):748-749。
[8]小山淳子.巴戟天中有效成分的抗致癌促进剂作用[J].国外医学·中医药分册,1993,15(4)：43
[9]付嘉,熊彬.巴戟天对荷瘤小鼠抗肿瘤作用研究[J].中华实用中西医杂志,2005,18(16)：729
[10]李永超,宋杨,齐云.白芷的药理作用研究进展[J].国外医药.植物药分册,2007,22(4)：161-164。
[11]王梦月,贾敏如,马逾英,等,白芷中四种线型呋喃香豆素类成分药理作用[J].研究天然产物研究与开发,2010(22)：485-489
[12]林铭堉.《神农本草经》对研发肿瘤中药的贡献[D].[博士学位论文].广东：广州中医药大学,2011
[13]徐韬,许瑞安.中药及其有效成分抗肿瘤作用机制研究进展[J].华侨大学学报,2009,3(04)：359-365
[14]董嵩,江本元,程华,等.2007年临床肿瘤学重大进展——美国临床肿瘤学会年度报告[J].循证医学,2008,(01)：3-8
[15]黄坚.肿瘤生物治疗在肿瘤治疗发展中的地位[J].昆明医学院学报,2010,(04)：1-3
[16]孙燕.分子靶向治疗[J].医学研究杂志,2009,(01)：1
[17]秦健,李炜弘,曾跃琴,等.中医药在恶性肿瘤治疗中的优势[J].中医·中西医结合,2012,5(1)：88
[18]吕贺,朴成国,李香丹,等.中药抗肿瘤机制的研究现状[J].医学综述,2011,(19)：3004-3006
[19]钱生勇,冯平,徐艳艳,等.三氧化二砷与甲磺酸伊马替尼对慢性粒细胞白血病原代细胞增殖与凋亡的协同作用研究[J].中国医院用药评价与分析,2010,(06)：554-556
[20]林洪生,张英.中医药与肿瘤-历史的积淀与五十年的创新发展[J].中国新药杂志,2011,(17)：1640-1643
[21]Pommier Y, Kohn KW. Cell cycle and checkpoints inoncology:newtherapeutic targets [J]. Medical Science Research,2003
[22]高燕,林莉萍,丁健.细胞周期调控的研究进展[J].生命科学,2005,17(4)：318-322
[23]周瑞娟,陈红风.中药影响乳腺癌细胞周期的研究进展[J].肿瘤防治研究,2012,39(1)：100-104.
[24]梁彬,邹向阳.细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶及抑制因子与肿瘤[J].沈阳部队医院,2007,20(1)：63-64.
[25]Starostina NG, Kipreos ET. Multiple degradation pathways regulate versatile CIP/KIP CDK inhibitors[J].Trends Cell Biol,2012,22(1):33-41
[26]唐勇,富琦.何薇等鸡血藤抗肿瘤有效部位诱导A549肺癌细胞非凋亡性程序化细胞死亡研究[J].中国中药杂志,2008,33(16)：2040-2044
[27]李庆林,骆宏丰,方念白.椎茸的乙酸乙脂提取物诱导人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞凋亡的作用[J].中国药理学通报,2006,22(8)：1001-1004
[28]刘明月,范魁生,樊青霞,等.冬凌草甲素诱导结肠癌细胞凋亡的实验研究[J].河南肿瘤学杂志,2004,17(3)：167-168
[29]张学新,肖柳英,潘竞锵.巴戟天对小鼠肿瘤细胞增殖及Bax、Bcl-2蛋白表达的影响[J].中药材,2011,34(4)：598-601
[30]计春燕,谭诗云,汪毅,等.bcl-2和p53在丹皮酚诱导人结肠癌HT-29细胞凋亡中的作用及其机制[J].中国全科医学,2007,(05)：364-366
[31]郑丽兰,许剑琴.中药免疫机理研究进展[J].动物医学进展,2004, (06)：32-34
[32]赵南,田淑芳,张兆云.发挥中药免疫调节优势[J].中国中医药信息杂志1994,(05)：34-35
[33]王林元,张建军.一种扶正固本、增强人体免疫力、抗疲劳、抗肿瘤、延缓衰老的中药组合物[P].中国专利,CN102228494A.2011-11-02
[34]杨志强,王润田,崔激,等.中药复方抑瘤饮影响荷S180瘤小鼠免疫功能的动态研究[J].现代免疫学,2006,26(1)：64-68
[35]刘永斌.中药多糖的免疫调节与抗肿瘤作用研究进展[J].现代医院杂志,2008,8(2)：1-2
[36]黄彩玲,林勇,等.复方益母黄芪汤对小鼠肿瘤生长及免疫调节作用研究[J].中药材,2009,(7)：1122-1124
[37]万京华,李坤珍,陈鹏英.牡丹皮多糖对免疫抑制小鼠的免疫调节作用[J].中国中医药信息杂志,2006,13(7)：25-26
[38]李蕾.中药多糖对环磷酰胺的增效减毒作用[J].中国热带医学,2008,8(4)：685-687
[39]杭永付,薛晓燕,方芸,等.中药抗菌和逆转耐药作用机制研究进展[J].中国药房,2011,(47)：4504-4508
[40]Patrick DM, Hutchinson J.Antibiotic use and population ecology:how you can reduce your "resistance footprint"[J].Canadian Medical Association Journal.2009
[41]杭永付,薛晓燕,方芸,等.中药抗菌和逆转耐药作用机制研究进展[J].中国药房,2011,47：4504-4508
[42]曹勇,张丹,郑广娟,等.血青药理法研究补肾化瘀解毒方对肺癌耐药细胞的药物浓度的作用[J].中药材,2003,26(4)：263-265
[43]姚祖仁,王亚非,姚祖培,等.肺腺癌多药耐药细胞株SPC-A-1/ADM的建立及中药方剂提取物A2的逆转作用研究[J].中医药研究,2001,17(4)：40
[44]李志询,刘宗荣,周银桃,等.耐药直肠癌的耐药机制及中药逆转耐药机制的研究[J].中国当代医药,2009,(21)：7-9
[45]屈艺,刘菽秋,李大成,等.三种中药制剂Ams-11、Fw-13、Tul-17逆转肿瘤细胞多药耐药性的研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2006,(6)：932-936
[46]解霞,杨毅,高清波,等.川芎嗪对人乳腺癌MCF-7/ADM细胞多药耐药性的逆转及P-糖蛋白表达的影响[J].大连大学学报.,2006,(04)：635-638
[47]刘丽丽,刘艳娥,房国涛.三七总皂苷逆转乳腺癌细胞MCF-7/ADM多药耐药的实验研究[J].时珍国医国药,2008,(04)：954-956
[48]辛华.肿瘤细胞想血管外游走过程中内皮细胞功能调控的研究[D].[博士学位论文].吉林大学,2004
[49]CaoY. Therapeutic potentials of angiostatin in the treatment of cancer. Haematologica,, 1999,84 (7):643-650
[50]唐求,袁昌劲,聂彬,等.中药抗肿瘤血管生成研究进展[J].肿瘤学杂志,2010,(2):155-157
[51]杨红亚,王兴红,彭谦.薏苡仁抗肿瘤活性研究进展[J].中草药,2007,(8)：10007-10009
[52]吴秋玲.水蛭、斑蝥对肿瘤血管生成及VEGF, MMP表达的影响[D].[博士学位论文].湖北中医药大学,2011
[53]Igura K, Ohta T, Kuroda Y, et al.Resve ratrol and quercetin inhibit angiogenesis in vitro[J]. Cancer letter,2001,171 (1):11-16
[54]Gururaj A, Belakavadi M, Venkatesh D, etal. Molecular mechanisms of antiangigenic effect of curcunmin[J].Biochem Biophys Res Commun,2002,297 (4):934-940
[55]Zhu X F, Xie B F, Zhou J M, et al. Blockade of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signal pathway and antitumor activity of ON-Ⅲ(2',4'-dihydroxy-6'-methoxy-3',5'-dimethylchalcone),a component from Chinese herbal medicine[J].Mol Pharmacol,2005,67 (5):1444-1450
[56]许玲,苏晓妹,陈亚琳,等.中药消痰散结方对人胃癌裸鼠原位移植瘤VEGF,KDRmRNA表达的影响[J].世界华人消化杂志,2004,(04)：988-990
[57]徐韬,许瑞安.中药及其有效成分抗肿瘤作用机制研究进展[J].华侨大学学报(自然科学版),2009,(04)：359-365
[58]邓润洁,寇俊萍,余伯阳.中药有效成分抗血小板聚集作用机制研究进展[J].海峡药学,2006(04),7-10
[59]金娟.冬凌草甲素诱导肺癌A549细胞凋亡及机制研究[D].[硕十学位论文].湖南,南华大学,2009
[60]代国华,陈明媚.复方苦参注射液对中晚期肺癌化疗增效减毒作用的临床研究[J].中国医院用药评价与分析,2010(12)：1109-1111
[61]张荣华,柏干苹,唐倩.健脾益肾升白汤治疗肿瘤放化疗后白细胞减少症[J].现代中西医结合杂志,2009,(09)：1013-1014
[62]杨宏刚,庄永胜,安杰,等.益气扶正中药配合治疗非小细胞肺癌的疗效观察[J].内蒙古中医药,2011, (16)：17-18
[63]沈晓燕.艾迪注射液用于晚期癌症患者的护理[J].现代中西医结合杂志,2011,15：1900-1901
[64]周洁.中药扶正健脾汤联合化疗治疗中晚期大肠癌疗效观察[J].中华中医药学刊,2011,(12)：2814-2816