应急物流通道的选择与评价研究
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摘要
我国是一个灾害多发的国家,每年的灾害都给国家和人民的生命财产带来重大损失。加强灾害的预警与防范是各国、各级政府的职责,同时灾害救助的反应程度也是政府能力的表现。由于应急条件下物资运输调度具有突发性、不确定性、非常规性、弱经济性等特征,因此加强物流通道的研究,为各级政府和紧急救援物资支持保障中心的物资调度人员提供科学选择物流通道的方法,以提高应急救援工作的响应能力,具有十分重要的理论和实践意义。
本文以应急物流通道的选择与评价为研究对象,在阐述国内外研究现状的基础上,引用了应急物流通道的相关概念和理论;提出了影响物流通道选择的因素,分析归纳出以物流节点、运输网络、运输工具和政策四大因素为指标选择依据,建立了相应的评价指标体系;在分析比较各种评价方法的基础上,选用了突变评价法进行评价;建立了突变评价方法的数学模型及研究了运算思路;最后,通过应急物流通道选择的算例,分析验证了此方法的科学性和可行性。结论表明,这种方法计算简便,避免了确定指标权重所带来的主观影响,符合应急物流动态变化的特性。具有很好的可操作性和有效性。
本论文的目的,旨在通过对应急物流通道的研究,找出影响通道选择的因素及评价指标,并寻找评价的优化模型和算法。为政府加快反应速度及时处理应急事件、减少灾害或突发事件对人们的生命财产造成损失而提供通道决策方法上的借鉴和理论指导。
China is a disaster-prone countries, and the annual disasters are making significant losses of lives and property to the country and its people. Strengthening early warning and prevention to disasters are the responsibilities of the national and local governments. At the same time the degree of response disaster relief is also a manifestation of government capacity. Since the materials transportation under emergency scheduling has the following characteristics, such as sudden, uncertainty, unconventional, weak economy and so on. Therefore, to strengthen the research on the logistics corridor will give all the support to the local governments and the staff of emergency material supply centers. It has very important theoretical and practical significance, that provide scientific method to choice logistics corridor in order to enhance its ability to respond to emergency relief work.
In this thesis, the subject is selection and evaluation of emergency logistics corridor. The concepts and theories of emergency logistics corridor are cited based on the research situation of domestic and foreign, and the elements to selection the logistics corridor is proposed. The corresponding evaluation index system is established based on the analysis and summarized in logistics nodes, transport network, transport and policy choice of the four factors as the index basis. Based on the analysis and comparison of various evaluation methods, in this thesis, it choices Catastrophe evaluation method, establishes the mathematical model of Catastrophe evaluation method and analysis the idea of the operation. Finally, a case study of emergency logistics corridor selection is given to verify the science and feasibility of the method. Conclusions show that this method is easy to determine the weights to avoid the subjective effects brought in line with the characteristics of dynamic response logistics, and it has good operability and effectiveness.
The purpose of this thesis is to identify the factors that influence emergency logistics corridor selection and evaluation indicators, and to find the optimal evaluation model and algorithm based on the research of emergency logistics corridor. It can provide access for reference on the decision-making methods and theoretical guidance which can help government to speed up the reaction rate for the timely processing of emergency events and reduce the disaster on people's lives and property losses.
本文以应急物流通道的选择与评价为研究对象,在阐述国内外研究现状的基础上,引用了应急物流通道的相关概念和理论;提出了影响物流通道选择的因素,分析归纳出以物流节点、运输网络、运输工具和政策四大因素为指标选择依据,建立了相应的评价指标体系;在分析比较各种评价方法的基础上,选用了突变评价法进行评价;建立了突变评价方法的数学模型及研究了运算思路;最后,通过应急物流通道选择的算例,分析验证了此方法的科学性和可行性。结论表明,这种方法计算简便,避免了确定指标权重所带来的主观影响,符合应急物流动态变化的特性。具有很好的可操作性和有效性。
本论文的目的,旨在通过对应急物流通道的研究,找出影响通道选择的因素及评价指标,并寻找评价的优化模型和算法。为政府加快反应速度及时处理应急事件、减少灾害或突发事件对人们的生命财产造成损失而提供通道决策方法上的借鉴和理论指导。
China is a disaster-prone countries, and the annual disasters are making significant losses of lives and property to the country and its people. Strengthening early warning and prevention to disasters are the responsibilities of the national and local governments. At the same time the degree of response disaster relief is also a manifestation of government capacity. Since the materials transportation under emergency scheduling has the following characteristics, such as sudden, uncertainty, unconventional, weak economy and so on. Therefore, to strengthen the research on the logistics corridor will give all the support to the local governments and the staff of emergency material supply centers. It has very important theoretical and practical significance, that provide scientific method to choice logistics corridor in order to enhance its ability to respond to emergency relief work.
In this thesis, the subject is selection and evaluation of emergency logistics corridor. The concepts and theories of emergency logistics corridor are cited based on the research situation of domestic and foreign, and the elements to selection the logistics corridor is proposed. The corresponding evaluation index system is established based on the analysis and summarized in logistics nodes, transport network, transport and policy choice of the four factors as the index basis. Based on the analysis and comparison of various evaluation methods, in this thesis, it choices Catastrophe evaluation method, establishes the mathematical model of Catastrophe evaluation method and analysis the idea of the operation. Finally, a case study of emergency logistics corridor selection is given to verify the science and feasibility of the method. Conclusions show that this method is easy to determine the weights to avoid the subjective effects brought in line with the characteristics of dynamic response logistics, and it has good operability and effectiveness.
The purpose of this thesis is to identify the factors that influence emergency logistics corridor selection and evaluation indicators, and to find the optimal evaluation model and algorithm based on the research of emergency logistics corridor. It can provide access for reference on the decision-making methods and theoretical guidance which can help government to speed up the reaction rate for the timely processing of emergency events and reduce the disaster on people's lives and property losses.
引文
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[1]欧忠文,王会云,姜大立等.应急物流.重庆大学学报(自然科学版).2004,27(3):164-167
[2] Parsons-clough Harbour. Existing corridor conditions and opportunities-I-87 multimodal corridor study. New York:New York State Department of Transportation, 2004
[3] Yeats. Main street:Windsor to Quebec City. Ottawa:The Macmillan Company of Cannada Limited, 1975:39-55
[4] Jifeng Wu,Gang-len Chang. An integrated optimal control and algorithm for commuting corridors. International Transactions in Operational Research, 1999
[5] Christina Diakaki, Markos Papageorgiou, Tom Mclean. Simulation studies of integrated corridor control in Glasgow. Transportation Research C,1997:211-224
[6] Markos Papageorgiou. An integrated control approach for traffic corridor . Transportation Research C, 1995:19-30
[7] E.R.Petersen.A high way corridor planning model:QROAD. Transportation Research Part A,2002,107—125
[8] Cambridge Systematics,Inc.Iong-term Availability of Multimadal Corridor Capacity.England:Res.Agency,1996
[9] Willian A.Hyman, Roemer M, Alfelor. Paul O Roberts. Guidelines for Multimodal Corridor Capacity Analysis. In:Dearbon. Proceedings of the Sixth TRB.ALC07,1997:104
[10] Dieter Plehwe,WZB-OB. Transnational varieties of capitalism-The making of wide area logistics networks . The 27th Joint Sessions of the European Consortium of Political Research, Mannheim (Germany),26-31, March 1999
[11]Rathi AK, Church RL and Solanki RS. Allocating Resources to Support a Multicommodity Flow with Time Windows. Logistics and Transportation Review, 1993, 28:167-188
[12] LINET OZDAMAR. Emergency Logistics Planning in Natural Disasters. Annul of Operation Research, 2004,129:218-219
[13] Poul Ove Pedersen.The Changing Structure of Transport under Trade Liberalization and Globalization and its Impact on African Development. Center for DevelopmentResearch Copenhagen. January, 2000
[14] G Barbarosoglu, Yarda. A Two—stage Stochastic Programming Framework for Transportation Planning in Disaster Respons. Journal of the Operational Research Society,2004,55:43-53
[15] Wael M Eldessouki. Some Development in Transportation Network Anlysis and Design with Application to Emergency Management. Problems. Dissertation. North Carol ina State University, 2007: 93-123
[16] Baker Barrie M.,Ayechew M. A. A genetic algorithm for the vehicle routing problem, Computers&Operations Research.2003, 30:787-800.
[17] Cedric Davies, Pawan Lingras. Genetic algorithms for rerouting shortest paths in dynamic and stochastic networks. European Journal of Operational Research. 2003, 144:27-38.
[18] Soojung Jung. A genetic algorithm for the vehicle routing problem with time-dependent travel times. PH.D thesis University of Maryland. 2000.
[19] Kevin R. Gue. A dynamic &Operations Research. distribution model for combat logistics. Computers 2003:367-381.
[20] B .Bullnheimer, R. F. Hard, and C. Strauss. Applying the ant system to the vehicle routing problem. In S. VoI, S .Martello, I. H.Osman. and C. Roucairol,editors, 1999:285-296.
[21] Abdolhanid T, Sanerkae S, Takao Enkawa. A Competitive Algorithm for Solving Vehicle Routing Problem. Computers and Engineering. 1997,33 (3):473-476
[22] Baker Barrie M., Ayechew M. A. A genetic algorithm for the vehicle routing problem, Computers&Operations Research.2003, 30:787-800.
[23]匡小平,王涛,廖荣民.应急物流中路径优化的灰关联决策.中国水运,2010,10(12):85-87
[24]计雷等.突发事件应急管理.中国科学院研究生院工程硕士教材,2005:100-101
[25]胡鞍钢,温军,王志.西南国际大通道建设与贸易自由化.中国软科学,2001,06:5-9
[26]吴安基,孟庆芳.中心城市应急物流道路运输体系建设几个难点问题研究.经济研究导论,2010(29):59-60
[27]苏小军,罗霞等.AHP法在成渝物流通道合理化选择中的应用.重庆交通学报,2004,6:111-114
[28]谢如鹤,邱祝强.论应急物流体系的构建及其运作管理.物流技术,2005(10):78-80
[29]张毅,郭晓汾,王笑凤.应急救援物资车辆运输线路的选择.安全与环境学报,2006,6(3):51-53
[30]肖红,王孝昆.上海港国际物流通道的时效性研究.铁道运输与经济,2008(5):56-58
[31]王旭坪,傅克俊,胡祥培.应急物流系统及其快速反应机制研究.中国软科学,2005,6:127-131
[32]陈达强,郑文创,丁夏等.带时变供求约束的应急物资分配模型.物流技术,2009,29(2):90-92
[33]杨雨蕾,冯勋省.基于层级轴幅式网络的应急物流运输成本控制问题研究.物流技术,2009,9:85-86
[34]李波,朱晓宁.应急物流配送体系研究.物流科技,2009,11:1-4
[35]傅志妍.区域防灾物流通道系统规划研究.成都:西南交通大学硕士论文,2009:30-33
[36]满淼.城市快速货运通道规划相关问题探讨——以深圳市盐田区西向通道走向规划为例.同济大学硕士论文,2003:65-68
[37]朱健梅.竞争性运输通道选择的博弈模型研究.西南交通大学学报,2003,38(3):336-340
[38]杨涛,周骞.快速物流通道布局规划方法.系统工程,2005,23(11):7-9
[39]王春芝,金俊武等.灰色局势决策理论在国际物流通道选择中的应用研究.公路交通科技,2002,19(5):160-161
[40]王春芝.国际物流通道优选理论方法与实证研究.沈阳:吉林大学博士论文,2004:76-77
[2] Parsons-clough Harbour. Existing corridor conditions and opportunities-I-87 multimodal corridor study. New York:New York State Department of Transportation, 2004
[3] Yeats. Main street:Windsor to Quebec City. Ottawa:The Macmillan Company of Cannada Limited, 1975:39-55
[4] Jifeng Wu,Gang-len Chang. An integrated optimal control and algorithm for commuting corridors. International Transactions in Operational Research, 1999
[5] Christina Diakaki, Markos Papageorgiou, Tom Mclean. Simulation studies of integrated corridor control in Glasgow. Transportation Research C,1997:211-224
[6] Markos Papageorgiou. An integrated control approach for traffic corridor . Transportation Research C, 1995:19-30
[7] E.R.Petersen.A high way corridor planning model:QROAD. Transportation Research Part A,2002,107—125
[8] Cambridge Systematics,Inc.Iong-term Availability of Multimadal Corridor Capacity.England:Res.Agency,1996
[9] Willian A.Hyman, Roemer M, Alfelor. Paul O Roberts. Guidelines for Multimodal Corridor Capacity Analysis. In:Dearbon. Proceedings of the Sixth TRB. ALC07,1997:104
[10] Dieter Plehwe,WZB-OB. Transnational varieties of capitalism-The making of wide area logistics networks . The 27th Joint Sessions of the European Consortium of Political Research, Mannheim (Germany),26-31, March 1999
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