欧北—大湾地区沉积层序特征及储层评价
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
此论文主要从高分辨率层序地层学、沉积相和沉积体系的研究、构造及成岩作用等诸方面的研究对欧北-大湾地区储层建立了模式,并对主要目的层沙三段不同时期的储层优劣进行了评价,主要包括以下内容:
     1、对欧北-大湾地区的构造背景和构造演化进行了探讨,详细分析了研究区存在的主要构造样式,并说明了构造演化控制层序和沉积体系的形成和展布,构造样式控制着圈闭和油气藏的形成。认为工区沙三段在区域构造的影响下,经历了断陷—深陷及缓升期,这种构造演化规律对层序和沉积体系的形成和展布产生巨大影响:在沙三中随着可容纳空间的加大,形成了一套退积层序,对应的主要沉积体系是湖相和陡坡型扇三角洲;沙三上是可容纳空间变小的过程,形成了进积型的层序组合,对应着规模巨大的缓坡型扇三角洲沉积体系。构造样式在平面组合形式上有平行状、树枝状、复合叉形、网格状及鼻状构造5种类型,在剖面上有犁式断裂、阶梯状构造及花状断裂构造3种,它对圈闭及油气藏的形成起控制作用。
     2、首次将高分辨率层序地层学的基本理论应用于研究区,在分析岩芯、测井资料及三维地震资料基础上建立了层序地层等时格架。首先通过地震资料划分三级层序,并初步划分四级层序,再通过岩芯和测井资料详细划分四级和五级层序,然后在四级层序的划分与对比基础上,建立了沙三段的层序地层格架,最后提供了工区9口井四级层序的具体划分方案及分层数据。
     3、在层序研究的基础上,以储层沉积学作为理论基础,分析了研究区沉积相和沉积体系的分布,并建立了模式。以划分的四级层序作为作图单位,绘制了工区平面等值线图,并在此基础上研究了工区沉积相的分布,并得出结论:在欧39、欧44井区,沙三中和沙三上均发育有扇三角洲沉积,前者具以惯性因素控制的陡坡型为特点,分布范围相对较小,位于欧39井以北的地区;而后者以摩擦因素控制的缓坡型为特色,分布范围广;而沙三下在该区则发育了一套浊积扇体,这一规律正好体现了构造演化特点对沉积充填型式及沉积体系展布的控制作用,即从楔状快速堆积—退积叠加到缓慢进积的充填规律。在以上认识的基础上,首次建立了工区沙三下、中、上沉积相展布模式。
     4、在对工区主要火山岩储层—粗面岩研究的基础上,提出了该区火山岩储层的成因机制及其模式。研究表明,粗面岩SiO_2含量较高,流动性小,容易形成巨厚的岩钟或岩锥,对成藏有利,同时其位于构造高部位,由于其大部在水面之上,冷却时间长,易于从容结晶,同时还有大量裂缝作为储集和渗滤的空间,使其成为良好的储层。进一步研究给出了黄沙坨火山岩油藏的成藏模式,并指出其供油方式是侧生式,生储盖组合则为自生、自储、自盖式。
     5、研究了以欧39井沙三下为代表的储层的成岩作用,为评判储层的优劣提供了依据。本区主要发育了两套烃源岩,即沙三中段的暗色泥岩和沙三上段的煤系地层,它们在工区的两个主要生油洼陷—于家房子洼陷和黄沙坨洼陷都有分布,且厚度巨大。研究证明,沙三中
    
    暗色泥岩是有利的烃源岩,该套泥岩分布范围广、厚度和理深较大,且有机质丰度高、类型
    好、演化程度高,为本区油气供给提供了可靠的物质保障。从成岩作川研究的结果来看,该
    区沙三段的成岩阶段为早成岩BPP和晚成岩A期,铁匠炉地区全为晚成岩A期,欧北和大
    湾地区在2650m以上为早成岩B期,2650m以下为晚成岩A期,这就造成了其次生孔隙的
    分布不同。
     6、确立了将三维地震资料的约束反演和储层综合研究结合起来进行储层评价和预测的
    方法,并据此对研究区的储层进行了评价。在储层综合研究的基础之上,利用工区三维地
    震资料所做的约束反演结果,可以对储层进行评价:从沙三上和沙三下储层展布的比较上看,
    沙三下砂体远优于沙三上砂体,主要表现为厚度大,分布广泛;而且通过对欧39井成岩作
    用的研究,此套砂体的储集物性非常好,由此可推断沙三下储层的勘探潜力巨大,尤其在欧
    5井区和铁匠炉地区,这套储层作为新的勘探领域应引起人们的足够重视。
The Oubei-Dawan, belonging to the eastern depression of Liaohe basin, is a new exploration field found recently in Liaohe basin. There are various reservior and oilfield types. The objectives of this study are mainly clearing about the petroleum pools' distribution whose features like the well Ou39 and lava petroleum pools', and directing the future explorition in the middle area of the eastern depression using the result of this study.
    . This paper, applying Sequence Stratigraphy, through studying on sedimental faices and running the sedimental model, obtained the reservior's distributing feature of the whole depression whose centre is the well Ou39. This work obtained the distribution scenario of Ou39's fan-delta's sandbody and the favrable-explorating area to afford the evidences for production.
    It is necessary to give the structural background of the studied area, especially, the concept of the structural style is also important to the study of the development to the deposition and sedimentary system.
    It is most important to define the sequence boundary and the maximum flood surface for sequence classification. Sequence boundary is the turn-point of the falling and rising of the baselevel. The maximum flood surface is the turn-point of the rising and falling of the baselevel. Once these two surfaces are defined, a intergrated sequence can be classificated. The principle of this area's sequence classfication is using seismic data to classificate the third-sequences. A middle good-quality reservior cycle is a fourth-sequence, and a short cycle is a fifth-sequence. Based on it, we subdivide the third member of Shehejie Formation into 3 third-sequences and 12 fourth-sequences.
    According to the cores and seismic data, the most important facies is fan-delta in this area, mainly developing in the top member and the bottom member developing turbidite-fan. Major faults' moving intensively led to deep strata sinking. The depositional centre was still in the centre techtonic zone. The lacus continuously extended. Most of this area was shallow-lake, semi-deep lake and deep lake sedimentary environment, except that the area around the well Ou44 was a set of steep-slope fan-delta and the Dawan area was a set of small-scale fan-delta.
    There were fan-delta, turbidite-fan, shallow-lake, shore-marsh, semideep-lake and volcano-debris facies. In the area of the well Ou39 and Ou44, fan-deltas developed both in the middle and the top strata of the third member of the Shahejie Formation. The former lies in the north area of the well Ou39, belonging to the steep-slope style which was controled by inertia factor. Its range is relatively small. The latter's range is broad, belonging to the gentle-slope style. The bottom stratum developed a set of turbidite-fan. The rule represents the tectonic evolution feature's controling to the depositional infilling styles and facies' distribution. In Dawan area, the top and the middle strata of the Shahejie Formation also developed a set of
    fan-delta sediment similar to the bottom of the Shahejie Formation, but the scale is significantly smaller.
    Through predicting and estimating the third member of Shahejie Formation, this paper pointed that the fan delta front of the top third member Shahejie Formation in Oubei area is a good-quality reservior sand-body, which was proved by the practical production. The upper fan-delta and the lower turbidite-fan sand-body are also good-quality reserviors. The further study on the fan is very important for the future explorition. The fan delta front around the well Tie 16 is worse than the bottom Shahejie Formation's fan. The reservior's quality in the Dawan area is relatively bad.
引文
[1]陈全茂,李忠飞,辽河盆地东部凹陷构造及其含油气性分析,地质出版社,199
    [2]蔡国钢,陈富新等,欧利坨子—大湾地区石油地质特征研究,内部资料,1997
    [3]陈景山,陈昌明译,三角洲沉积与油气勘探,石油工业出版社,1981
    [4]程克明,王铁冠,钟宁宁等,烃源岩地球化学,科学出版社,1995
    [5]邓宏文,美国层序地层研究中的新学派——高分辨率层序地层学,石油与天然气地质,16(2)89~97
    [6]樊太亮,徐怀大,刘金辉等,新疆塔里木盆地北部应用层序地层学,地质出版社,19978
    [7]樊太亮,曹守连,杜强等,鄂尔多斯北部盆地分析,中国地质大学(北京),1998.12
    [8]刘震,储层地震地层学,地质出版社,1997
    [9]顾家裕,邓宏文,朱筱敏,层序地层学及其在油气勘探开发中的应用,石油工业出版社,1997
    [10]何更生著,油层物理,石油工业出版社,1993
    [11]胡建义,徐树宝,童哓光,中国东部第三系含油气盆地地层岩性油气藏形成的地质基础与分布规律,石油学报,1984,5(2)
    [12]胡建义,黄第藩等,中国陆相石油地质理论基础,石油工业出版社,1991
    [13]洪有密,测井原理与综合解释,石油大学出版社,1993
    [14]姜在兴,李华启等,层序地层学原理及应用,1996
    [15]刘和甫,沉积盆地构造样式,中国地质大学,1990
    [16]李石,王彤,火山岩,地质出版社,1981
    [17]李明诚,石油与天然气运移(第二版),石油工业出版社,1994
    [18]孟卫工,祝永军,张凤莲等,辽河盆地深层石油地质与目标评价,中国石油天然气集团东部深层项目,2000
    [19]马正,油气测井地质学,中国地质大学出版社,1994
    [20]C.K.威尔格斯等,层序地层学原理(海平面变化综合分析),石油工业出版社1993
    [21]田在艺,刘国璧,刘雯林,油气圈闭类型及其分布规律,石油工业出版社,1990
    [22]丘家骧,陶奎元等,火山岩,地质出版社,1996
    [23]科普切弗—德科尔尼科夫等,火山岩及其研究法,地质出版社,1978
    [24]罗蛰谭,王允诚,油气储层的孔隙结构,科学出版社,1986
    [25]吴因业,贾爱林等,湖盆沉积学新进展,石油工业出版社,1999
    [26]吴崇筠,湖盆砂体类型,沉积学报,1986,4(4)
    [27]吴乃苓,郜建军,于兴河等,辽河盆地深层(大于3500米)勘探潜力研究,地质矿产部石油地质研究所,辽河石油勘探局辽河盆地勘探公司,1996
    [28]信荃麟,刘泽容等,含油气盆地构造岩相分析,地质出版社,1993
    [29]徐怀大等,从地震地层学到层序地层学,石油工业出版社,1997
    [30]熊琦华,吴胜和等,储层地质学,内部资料,1994
    [31]E.希尔顿,构造地质学原理,地质出版社,1981
    [32]于玲,毕业论文(内部),2001
    [33]俞寿期,高分辨率地震勘探,石油工业出版社,1993
    [34]于兴河,缪学军,赵秀梅等,松辽盆地南部典型(油)气田沉积微相及储层建模研究,中国地质大学(北京)能源系,中国新星石油公司东北石油勘探开发研究院,1998
    
    
    [35]于兴河、王德发,陆相断陷盆地三角洲相构形要素及其储层地质模型,地质论评,1997,43(3):225~231
    [36]于兴河,张道建,李胜利等,辽河油田东、西部凹陷深层沙河街组成岩演化规律,《石油实验地质》,第21卷,第4期,1999.12
    [37]于兴河,张道建著,辽河油田东、西部凹陷深层沙河街组沉积相模式[J],《古地理学报》,1998.1
    [38]于兴河,郑浚茂,宋立衡等,构造、沉积与成岩综合—体化模式的建立,《沉积学报》,第15卷,第3期,1997.3
    [39]于兴河,黄海平等,欧北—大湾地区构造沉积演化及目标评价,内部报告,2001.11
    [40]朱国华等,成岩作用对砂岩孔隙结构的影响,沉积学报,2卷,1期,1984
    [41]曾允孚,夏文杰,沉积岩石学,科学出版社,1986
    [42]曾国寿,徐梦虹,石油地球化学,石油工业出版社,1990
    [43]张一伟,熊琦华等,陆相油藏描述,石油工业出版社,1997 张万选,张厚福等,陆相地震地层学,石油大学出版社,1993
    [44]张学汝,牛仲仁等,辽河断陷湖盆碎屑岩开发储层研究,石油工业出版社,1995
    [45]H.G.Reading, SedimentaryEnvironments:Processes,Facies and Stratigraphy, 1996,494~495
    [46]John G. Mcpherson, et al..Fan deltas and braid deltas: conceptual problems. In: Nemec W,Steel RJ, eds. Fan deltas. Springer—Verlag, 1988.14~22
    [47]Orton GJ. A Spectrum of Middle Ordovician fan delta and braid plain deltas, North Wales:a consequence of varying fluvial clastic nput. In:Nemec W, Steel RJ, eds. Fan deltas. Springer—Verlag,1988.23~49
    [48]P.Weomer, H.W. Posamentier. Siliciclastic sequence stratigraphy—Recent Developments and Applications. AAPG Memoir,58,1994,p.1—484
    [49]Paul Weimer, 1991. sequence stratigraphy of the Mississippi Fan related Oxygen Isotope Sea Level Index:discussion. AAPG,Vol.75,NO.9
    [50]Sangree J B,Vail P R 等著,张宏达等译,应用层序地层学,东营:石油大学出版社,1990
    [51]SP.J.Crossy, Oligocene Hackberry Formation of Southwest Louisiana sequence stratigraphy, Sedimentology and Hydrocarbon Potential. AAPG, Vol.77, No.5

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700