肇源南地区扶杨油层高分辨率层序地层学研究
|
摘要
肇源南地区位于朝阳沟阶地和长春岭背斜带之间。主要产油层位为扶余油层一、二组。储层以河流相为主。由于扶余油层特定的地质沉积条件,造成河道砂体横向上连通性极差、纵向多层错迭连片。传统的砂对砂、泥对泥的地层对比方式常常造成地震解释层位的不一致,给识别和预测河道砂体带来很大的难题。本次研究以肇源南地区为研究区,开展扶余油层一、二组高分辨率层序地层学解释,建立河流相高精度等时地层格架,在时间地层格架内开展精细地震建模反演与储层预测。
本次研究在大量观察岩芯的基础上识别出了研究区扶余油层六种沉积微相类型,即曲流河道相、决口河道相、决口扇复合体、冲积平原、河间湖泊和开阔湖泊边缘相六种微相类型。并以大量岩心观察和岩-电对比为基础,建立了不同微相类型的岩心和测井识别标志。在河流相旋回界面识别标志的基础上运用多级次基准面旋回划分技术可以将扶余油层一二组划分为三个中期基准面旋回(四级层序)和五个短期基准面旋回(五级层序)。建立了扶余油层钻井等时间地层对比格架。在沉积微相及地层格架地基础上建立了研究区沉积模式、储集体的发育及演化模式。与此同时高分辨率层序地层分析与地球物理地层反演技术、属性提取技术、储层特征重构反演等技术相结合,完成储层分布的综合预测。在此基础上对研究区有利勘探区带提出建议。
The south area of Zhaoyuan is situated at between terrace Chaoyanggou and anticlinal belt Changchunling. The main oil producing formations are the first and second groups of Fuyu oil reservoir. The main reservoir is fluvial face. The bad horizontal communication and longitudinal stack of channel sand is because of the particular condition of geologic sedimentation of Fuyu oil reservoir. The traditional stratum correlation method of sand with sand and shale with shale usually makes the seismic interpretational horizon discordant, and this makes the recognition and prediction of channel sand difficult. The south area of Zhaoyuan is target area of this research, and established developing interpretation of high resolution sequence stratigraphy of he first and second groups of Fuyu oil reservoir, and established high precision and isochronal stratigraphic framework of fluvial face, developing delicate seismic model building inversion and predication of reservoir in temporal stratigraphic framework.
We identify six types sedimentary microfacies of Fuyu oil reservoir on the basis of great observation of rock core, as meandering river face, crevasse channel face, complex of crevasse splay, alluvial plain, interstream lake, widen lake fringe. At the same time, we established identification mark of different types of microfacies of rock core and well logging on the basis of considerable observation of rock core and correlation of lithology and electrical property. We divided the first and second groups of Fuyu oil reservoir into three middle basal level cycles (four-stage sequence) and five short basal level cycles (five-stage sequence)by using divided technique of multigrade basal level cycle on the basis of identification mark of fluvial face basal level cycle. We established the isochronal stratigraphic framework of Fuyu oil reservoir. We established sedimentary model and developing and evolving model of target area. At the same time, we completed the comprehensive prediction of distribution of reservoir using the combination of analysis high resolution sequence stratigraphy and many geophysical technologies. We proposed some suggestions about the beneficial belt exploration of target area on the basis of comprehensive prediction.
本次研究在大量观察岩芯的基础上识别出了研究区扶余油层六种沉积微相类型,即曲流河道相、决口河道相、决口扇复合体、冲积平原、河间湖泊和开阔湖泊边缘相六种微相类型。并以大量岩心观察和岩-电对比为基础,建立了不同微相类型的岩心和测井识别标志。在河流相旋回界面识别标志的基础上运用多级次基准面旋回划分技术可以将扶余油层一二组划分为三个中期基准面旋回(四级层序)和五个短期基准面旋回(五级层序)。建立了扶余油层钻井等时间地层对比格架。在沉积微相及地层格架地基础上建立了研究区沉积模式、储集体的发育及演化模式。与此同时高分辨率层序地层分析与地球物理地层反演技术、属性提取技术、储层特征重构反演等技术相结合,完成储层分布的综合预测。在此基础上对研究区有利勘探区带提出建议。
The south area of Zhaoyuan is situated at between terrace Chaoyanggou and anticlinal belt Changchunling. The main oil producing formations are the first and second groups of Fuyu oil reservoir. The main reservoir is fluvial face. The bad horizontal communication and longitudinal stack of channel sand is because of the particular condition of geologic sedimentation of Fuyu oil reservoir. The traditional stratum correlation method of sand with sand and shale with shale usually makes the seismic interpretational horizon discordant, and this makes the recognition and prediction of channel sand difficult. The south area of Zhaoyuan is target area of this research, and established developing interpretation of high resolution sequence stratigraphy of he first and second groups of Fuyu oil reservoir, and established high precision and isochronal stratigraphic framework of fluvial face, developing delicate seismic model building inversion and predication of reservoir in temporal stratigraphic framework.
We identify six types sedimentary microfacies of Fuyu oil reservoir on the basis of great observation of rock core, as meandering river face, crevasse channel face, complex of crevasse splay, alluvial plain, interstream lake, widen lake fringe. At the same time, we established identification mark of different types of microfacies of rock core and well logging on the basis of considerable observation of rock core and correlation of lithology and electrical property. We divided the first and second groups of Fuyu oil reservoir into three middle basal level cycles (four-stage sequence) and five short basal level cycles (five-stage sequence)by using divided technique of multigrade basal level cycle on the basis of identification mark of fluvial face basal level cycle. We established the isochronal stratigraphic framework of Fuyu oil reservoir. We established sedimentary model and developing and evolving model of target area. At the same time, we completed the comprehensive prediction of distribution of reservoir using the combination of analysis high resolution sequence stratigraphy and many geophysical technologies. We proposed some suggestions about the beneficial belt exploration of target area on the basis of comprehensive prediction.
引文
[1]Vail P R, Mitchum R G, Todd R G, et al. Seismic stratigraphy and global changes of sea level. In: Payton C E, ed. Seismic stratigraphy-Applications to Hydrocarbon Exploration. AAPG Memoir, 1977, 26: 49~212.
[2]Wilgus, et al, Sea-Level changes: an integrated approach.1989.
[3]Vail P R. Seismic stratigraphy interpretation using sequence stratigraphy, Part 1. In: Blly(eds): Seismic stratigraphy interpretation precedure. Am Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Atlas of sequence stratigraphy, 1987.
[4]Galloway W E. Genetic stratigraphic sequences in basin analysis: architecture and genesis of flooding surface bounded depositional units. AAPG, 1989, 125~142.
[5]Cross T A. High-resolution stratigraphic correlation from the perspective of base-level cycles and sediment accommodation. 1n: Proceedings of Northwestern European Sequence Stratigraphy congress, 1994, 105~123.
[6]徐怀大.陆相层序地层学研究中的某些问题[J].石油与天然气地质,1997,18(2): 83～89.
[7]Shanlley K W, Mecabe P J. Respectives on the sequence stratigraphy of continental strata[J]. Bulletin. 1994, 78(4): 544~568.
[8]解习农,李思田.陆相盆地层序地层研究特点[J].地质科技情报,1993,12(1): 22～26.
[9]薛良清.层序地层学在湖相盆地中的应用探讨[J].石油勘探与开发,1990,6: 29～35.
[10]纪友亮,张世奇.陆相断陷湖盆层序地层学模式探讨[J].石油勘探与开发,1996, 23(5):20～23.
[11]Van Wagoner J C, Mitchum R M, Campion K M, et al. Silicic clastic sequence stratigraphy in well logs, cores and outcrops: concepts for high-resolution of time and facies. AAPG Methods in Explorations Series, 1990, (7): 1~55.
[12]Miall A D. The geology of stratigraphic sequences. Berlin Heidelberg, Spring-Verlag, 1996.
[13]刘宝珺,李文汉.层序地层学研究与应用[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,1994.
[14]邓宏文.美国层序地层研究中的新学派一高分辨率层序地层学[J].石油与天然气地质,1995,16 (2):89～97.
[15]邓洪文等.沉积物体积分配原理一高分辨率层序地层学的理论基础[J].地学前缘,2000,7 (4):305～314.
[16]胡望水,吕炳全,张文军等.松辽盆地构造演化及成盆动力学探讨[J].地质科学, 2005,40(1):16～31.
[17]顾家裕,邓宏文,朱筱敏.层序地层学及其在油气勘探开发中的应用论文集[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997:1～50.
[18]胡斌,张利伟,齐永安.国内陆相层序地层学研究进展[J].焦作工学院学报(自然科学版),2004, 23(3):176～182.
[19]倪新锋,陈洪德,田景春,等.陆相层序地层学理论体系及其发展趋势[J].沉积与特提斯地质, 2002,22(4):35～43.
[20]易定红、田光荣.杏树岗—太平屯地区扶杨油层层序地层研究[J].新疆地质学报,2004,6:36-39.
[21]李延平、陈树民、宋永忠、王始波、宋铁星、李如一.大庆长垣及以东泉三、四段扶杨油层浅水湖泊-三角洲体系沉积特征[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2005,5:13～18.
[22]刘云武、吴海波、刘金平.大庆长垣南部扶杨油层河道砂体预测方法与应用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2006,5:106～110.
[23]齐永安,胡斌,张国成.遗迹学在沉积环境分析和层序地层学研究中的应用[M].北京:中国矿业大学出版社,2001,68～78.
[24]陈日辉,林畅松,刘景彦.盆地研究中不整合成因分析[J].世界地质,1998,17(3).
[25]Vail P R, Audemard F, Bowman S A, et al. The stratigraphic signatures of tectonics, eustasy and sedimentation—an overview[A]. In: Einsele G, Ricken W, Seilacher A, eds. Cycles and events in stratigraphy[C]. Springer- Verlag, 1991. 617~659.
[26]柳永清,李寅.准噶尔盆地侏罗系露头层序地层及沉积学特征[J].地球学报,2001,22(1):49-54.
[27]孙志华,吴奇之,张一伟,等.层序界面在地球物理资料上的响应特征[J].石油地球物理勘探, 2001,36(5):626～632.
[28]纪友亮.层序地层学[M].同济大学出版社,2005.
[29]朱筱敏.层序地层学[M].石油大学出版社,2003:133～146.
[30]邹才能,池英柳,李明,等.陆相层序地层学分析技术[M].石油工业出版社,2004, 145～159.
[31]张厚福,张万选.石油地质学[M].石油工业出版社,1989.
[32]Posamentier H W, Vail P R. Eustatic controls on clastic deposition, II. Sequence and systems tract models[A]. In: Wilgus C K, Hastings B S, Kendall C G St C, et al, eds. Sea-level changes—An integrated approach[C]. Soc Econ Paleontol Mineral Spec Publ, 1988, 42: 125~154.
[33]Van Wagoner J C. Sequence stratigraphy and marine to nonmarine facies architecture of foreland basin strata, Book cliffs, Utah, USA[A]. In: Van Wagoner J C, Bertram G T, eds, Sequence stratigraphy of foreland basin deposits: outcrop and subsurface examples fromthe Cretaceous of North America[C]. AAPG Memoir, 1995, 64: 137~223.
[34]刘招君,董清水,王嗣敏等.陆相层序地层学导论与应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002.
[35]王嗣敏,刘招君,董清水等.陆相盆地层序地层形成机制分析——以松辽盆地为例[J].长春科技大学学报,2000,30(2):139～144.
[36]解习农,程守田,陆永潮.陆相盆地幕式构造旋回与层序构成[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,1996,21(1):27～33.
[37]池英柳,张万选,张厚福,等.陆相断陷盆地层序成因初探[J].石油学报,1996,17(3): 19～25.
[38]刘招君,张兴洲.满洲里-绥芬河地学断面域中新生代构造层特征与动力学演化[A].见:中国地质学会编.“八五”地质科技重要成果学术交流会议论文选集[C].北京:冶金工业出版社,1996,106～122.
[39]孙耀庭,张世奇,刘金华,等.陆相可容空间变化及层序发育控制因素分析[J].油气地质与采收率,2005,12(1):3～6.
[40]Cross T A. High- resolution stratigraphic correlation from the perspective of base- level cycles and sediment accommodation[A]. In: Proceedings of Northwestern European Sequence Stratigraphy Congress[C]. 1994, 105~123.
[41]Wheeler H E. Base-level lithosphere surface and time-stratigraphy Geological Society of America Bulletin. 1964, 75: 599~610.
[42]李江涛,李增学,郭建斌,等.高分辨率层序地层分析中基准面变化的讨论[J].沉积学报,2005, 23(2):297～302.
[43]覃建雄,吴勇.层序地层学在油气勘探中的应用[J].天然气地球科学,1995,6(6): 1～12.
[44]尹太举,张昌民.层序地层格架内的油气勘探[J].天然气地球科学,2005,16(1): 25～30.
[45]胡见义,徐树宝,刘淑萱,等.非构造油气藏[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1986.
[2]Wilgus, et al, Sea-Level changes: an integrated approach.1989.
[3]Vail P R. Seismic stratigraphy interpretation using sequence stratigraphy, Part 1. In: Blly(eds): Seismic stratigraphy interpretation precedure. Am Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Atlas of sequence stratigraphy, 1987.
[4]Galloway W E. Genetic stratigraphic sequences in basin analysis: architecture and genesis of flooding surface bounded depositional units. AAPG, 1989, 125~142.
[5]Cross T A. High-resolution stratigraphic correlation from the perspective of base-level cycles and sediment accommodation. 1n: Proceedings of Northwestern European Sequence Stratigraphy congress, 1994, 105~123.
[6]徐怀大.陆相层序地层学研究中的某些问题[J].石油与天然气地质,1997,18(2): 83～89.
[7]Shanlley K W, Mecabe P J. Respectives on the sequence stratigraphy of continental strata[J]. Bulletin. 1994, 78(4): 544~568.
[8]解习农,李思田.陆相盆地层序地层研究特点[J].地质科技情报,1993,12(1): 22～26.
[9]薛良清.层序地层学在湖相盆地中的应用探讨[J].石油勘探与开发,1990,6: 29～35.
[10]纪友亮,张世奇.陆相断陷湖盆层序地层学模式探讨[J].石油勘探与开发,1996, 23(5):20～23.
[11]Van Wagoner J C, Mitchum R M, Campion K M, et al. Silicic clastic sequence stratigraphy in well logs, cores and outcrops: concepts for high-resolution of time and facies. AAPG Methods in Explorations Series, 1990, (7): 1~55.
[12]Miall A D. The geology of stratigraphic sequences. Berlin Heidelberg, Spring-Verlag, 1996.
[13]刘宝珺,李文汉.层序地层学研究与应用[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,1994.
[14]邓宏文.美国层序地层研究中的新学派一高分辨率层序地层学[J].石油与天然气地质,1995,16 (2):89～97.
[15]邓洪文等.沉积物体积分配原理一高分辨率层序地层学的理论基础[J].地学前缘,2000,7 (4):305～314.
[16]胡望水,吕炳全,张文军等.松辽盆地构造演化及成盆动力学探讨[J].地质科学, 2005,40(1):16～31.
[17]顾家裕,邓宏文,朱筱敏.层序地层学及其在油气勘探开发中的应用论文集[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997:1～50.
[18]胡斌,张利伟,齐永安.国内陆相层序地层学研究进展[J].焦作工学院学报(自然科学版),2004, 23(3):176～182.
[19]倪新锋,陈洪德,田景春,等.陆相层序地层学理论体系及其发展趋势[J].沉积与特提斯地质, 2002,22(4):35～43.
[20]易定红、田光荣.杏树岗—太平屯地区扶杨油层层序地层研究[J].新疆地质学报,2004,6:36-39.
[21]李延平、陈树民、宋永忠、王始波、宋铁星、李如一.大庆长垣及以东泉三、四段扶杨油层浅水湖泊-三角洲体系沉积特征[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2005,5:13～18.
[22]刘云武、吴海波、刘金平.大庆长垣南部扶杨油层河道砂体预测方法与应用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2006,5:106～110.
[23]齐永安,胡斌,张国成.遗迹学在沉积环境分析和层序地层学研究中的应用[M].北京:中国矿业大学出版社,2001,68～78.
[24]陈日辉,林畅松,刘景彦.盆地研究中不整合成因分析[J].世界地质,1998,17(3).
[25]Vail P R, Audemard F, Bowman S A, et al. The stratigraphic signatures of tectonics, eustasy and sedimentation—an overview[A]. In: Einsele G, Ricken W, Seilacher A, eds. Cycles and events in stratigraphy[C]. Springer- Verlag, 1991. 617~659.
[26]柳永清,李寅.准噶尔盆地侏罗系露头层序地层及沉积学特征[J].地球学报,2001,22(1):49-54.
[27]孙志华,吴奇之,张一伟,等.层序界面在地球物理资料上的响应特征[J].石油地球物理勘探, 2001,36(5):626～632.
[28]纪友亮.层序地层学[M].同济大学出版社,2005.
[29]朱筱敏.层序地层学[M].石油大学出版社,2003:133～146.
[30]邹才能,池英柳,李明,等.陆相层序地层学分析技术[M].石油工业出版社,2004, 145～159.
[31]张厚福,张万选.石油地质学[M].石油工业出版社,1989.
[32]Posamentier H W, Vail P R. Eustatic controls on clastic deposition, II. Sequence and systems tract models[A]. In: Wilgus C K, Hastings B S, Kendall C G St C, et al, eds. Sea-level changes—An integrated approach[C]. Soc Econ Paleontol Mineral Spec Publ, 1988, 42: 125~154.
[33]Van Wagoner J C. Sequence stratigraphy and marine to nonmarine facies architecture of foreland basin strata, Book cliffs, Utah, USA[A]. In: Van Wagoner J C, Bertram G T, eds, Sequence stratigraphy of foreland basin deposits: outcrop and subsurface examples fromthe Cretaceous of North America[C]. AAPG Memoir, 1995, 64: 137~223.
[34]刘招君,董清水,王嗣敏等.陆相层序地层学导论与应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002.
[35]王嗣敏,刘招君,董清水等.陆相盆地层序地层形成机制分析——以松辽盆地为例[J].长春科技大学学报,2000,30(2):139～144.
[36]解习农,程守田,陆永潮.陆相盆地幕式构造旋回与层序构成[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,1996,21(1):27～33.
[37]池英柳,张万选,张厚福,等.陆相断陷盆地层序成因初探[J].石油学报,1996,17(3): 19～25.
[38]刘招君,张兴洲.满洲里-绥芬河地学断面域中新生代构造层特征与动力学演化[A].见:中国地质学会编.“八五”地质科技重要成果学术交流会议论文选集[C].北京:冶金工业出版社,1996,106～122.
[39]孙耀庭,张世奇,刘金华,等.陆相可容空间变化及层序发育控制因素分析[J].油气地质与采收率,2005,12(1):3～6.
[40]Cross T A. High- resolution stratigraphic correlation from the perspective of base- level cycles and sediment accommodation[A]. In: Proceedings of Northwestern European Sequence Stratigraphy Congress[C]. 1994, 105~123.
[41]Wheeler H E. Base-level lithosphere surface and time-stratigraphy Geological Society of America Bulletin. 1964, 75: 599~610.
[42]李江涛,李增学,郭建斌,等.高分辨率层序地层分析中基准面变化的讨论[J].沉积学报,2005, 23(2):297～302.
[43]覃建雄,吴勇.层序地层学在油气勘探中的应用[J].天然气地球科学,1995,6(6): 1～12.
[44]尹太举,张昌民.层序地层格架内的油气勘探[J].天然气地球科学,2005,16(1): 25～30.
[45]胡见义,徐树宝,刘淑萱,等.非构造油气藏[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1986.