武汉地区BIPV气候适应性策略研究
摘要
21世纪,能源利用是地球环境可持续发展的关键内容。长期以来,与人们生活密切相关的建筑一直是最大的“能耗体”,但在太阳能光伏发电应用于建筑中后,建筑终于可以作为“供能体”来供给工作、生活的能源需求。为了在建筑中充分发挥光伏发电的生态性,提出了BIPV设计理念。BIPV设计受到气候因素的影响,会导致PV系统发电效率和建筑室内物理环境的改变。在不同的地区,不同的气候条件对BIPV设计产生不同的影响。本论文研究对象为武汉地区BIPV设计的气候适应性策略,主要分为四部分进行论述:
第一部分首先阐释了PV板的倾斜角度、方位角,阵列间距等与PV发电效率的关系。然后探讨了太阳能辐射、温度、风和雨雪等对BIPV设计的影响。并初步分析了在不同的气候分区下BIPV设计中应考虑的气候因素。在此基础上,第二部分分析了对武汉地区BIPV设计影响最关键的气候因素。结合武汉地区独特的气候特征,对本地区太阳辐射、温度等与PV系统的姿态角度、PV板安装位置、安装方式的相互关系进行了研究。分析了武汉地区的电力负荷曲线与年PV发电负荷曲线的对应关系。论文的第四章“策略研究”属于第三部分,主要是探讨在武汉地区BIPV设计中,PV板角度(倾斜角、方位角)的最佳取值范围;PV阵列最适宜间距。并通过对几种形式的PV墙、PV屋顶的发电性能和建筑性能进行比较,确定最适合武汉地区气候条件的形式。PV遮阳板是本论文重要讨论的内容,综合了遮阳、采光、发电三方面的要求,对武汉地区PV遮阳板的安装位置和安装尺寸、角度进行了策略研究。第四部分为应用设计部分,在系馆屋顶加建BIPV项目的设计中,探讨了PV屋顶、PV墙体、PV遮阳的具体方案应用,并在项目建成后,进行了数据实测。
The 21st century, the Earth's environment, energy use is a key element of sustainable development. For a long time, and closely related to the construction of people's lives has always been the biggest "energy body", but applied to the construction of solar photovoltaic power generation, the construction has finally started as the "energy supply body" to the supply of work and life's energy needs. In order to give full play to the construction of the ecological nature of photovoltaic power generation is proposed BIPV design. BIPV design by climatic factors, will lead to PV system power generation efficiency and building indoor physical environment changes. In different regions, different climatic conditions on the BIPV design produce different effects. In this paper, object of study in Wuhan BIPV design of climate adaptation strategies, the main discussion is divided into four parts:
Explained the first part of the first PV panel tilt angle, azimuth, array spacing and the relationship between the PV power generation efficiency. Then explore the solar radiation, temperature, wind and rain and snow and so the impact on the BIPV design. And a preliminary analysis of the climate in different partitions for BIPV design of the climatic factors should be considered. On this basis, the analysis of the impact of Wuhan BIPV design the most critical climatic factors. In Wuhan area's unique climate characteristics, solar radiation in this region, temperature etc. and the attitude angle of PV systems, PV panels installation location, installation of the mutual relations were studied. Analysis of the Wuhan regional electricity load curve and the annual PV electricity load curve corresponding relationship. This is the second part. Chapter IV Strategic Research papers belonging to the third part is mainly to explore the design of BIPV in the Wuhan area, PV panel angle (tilt angle, azimuth angle) is the best range; PV array of the most appropriate spacing. And through several forms of PV wall, PV power generation performance of the roof and building performance compared to determine the most suitable climatic conditions in Wuhan form. PV sun visor is important to discuss the contents of this paper is a synthesis of shading, lighting, power generation, the three requirements, the sun visor in Wuhan PV installation location and installation dimensions, angles Strategy Study. Part IV is divided into application design part of the Department of Museum in the construction of the roof BIPV project design, discussed the PV roof, PV wall, PV shading application specific programs. And the completion of the project was conducted after the data measured.
第一部分首先阐释了PV板的倾斜角度、方位角,阵列间距等与PV发电效率的关系。然后探讨了太阳能辐射、温度、风和雨雪等对BIPV设计的影响。并初步分析了在不同的气候分区下BIPV设计中应考虑的气候因素。在此基础上,第二部分分析了对武汉地区BIPV设计影响最关键的气候因素。结合武汉地区独特的气候特征,对本地区太阳辐射、温度等与PV系统的姿态角度、PV板安装位置、安装方式的相互关系进行了研究。分析了武汉地区的电力负荷曲线与年PV发电负荷曲线的对应关系。论文的第四章“策略研究”属于第三部分,主要是探讨在武汉地区BIPV设计中,PV板角度(倾斜角、方位角)的最佳取值范围;PV阵列最适宜间距。并通过对几种形式的PV墙、PV屋顶的发电性能和建筑性能进行比较,确定最适合武汉地区气候条件的形式。PV遮阳板是本论文重要讨论的内容,综合了遮阳、采光、发电三方面的要求,对武汉地区PV遮阳板的安装位置和安装尺寸、角度进行了策略研究。第四部分为应用设计部分,在系馆屋顶加建BIPV项目的设计中,探讨了PV屋顶、PV墙体、PV遮阳的具体方案应用,并在项目建成后,进行了数据实测。
The 21st century, the Earth's environment, energy use is a key element of sustainable development. For a long time, and closely related to the construction of people's lives has always been the biggest "energy body", but applied to the construction of solar photovoltaic power generation, the construction has finally started as the "energy supply body" to the supply of work and life's energy needs. In order to give full play to the construction of the ecological nature of photovoltaic power generation is proposed BIPV design. BIPV design by climatic factors, will lead to PV system power generation efficiency and building indoor physical environment changes. In different regions, different climatic conditions on the BIPV design produce different effects. In this paper, object of study in Wuhan BIPV design of climate adaptation strategies, the main discussion is divided into four parts:
Explained the first part of the first PV panel tilt angle, azimuth, array spacing and the relationship between the PV power generation efficiency. Then explore the solar radiation, temperature, wind and rain and snow and so the impact on the BIPV design. And a preliminary analysis of the climate in different partitions for BIPV design of the climatic factors should be considered. On this basis, the analysis of the impact of Wuhan BIPV design the most critical climatic factors. In Wuhan area's unique climate characteristics, solar radiation in this region, temperature etc. and the attitude angle of PV systems, PV panels installation location, installation of the mutual relations were studied. Analysis of the Wuhan regional electricity load curve and the annual PV electricity load curve corresponding relationship. This is the second part. Chapter IV Strategic Research papers belonging to the third part is mainly to explore the design of BIPV in the Wuhan area, PV panel angle (tilt angle, azimuth angle) is the best range; PV array of the most appropriate spacing. And through several forms of PV wall, PV power generation performance of the roof and building performance compared to determine the most suitable climatic conditions in Wuhan form. PV sun visor is important to discuss the contents of this paper is a synthesis of shading, lighting, power generation, the three requirements, the sun visor in Wuhan PV installation location and installation dimensions, angles Strategy Study. Part IV is divided into application design part of the Department of Museum in the construction of the roof BIPV project design, discussed the PV roof, PV wall, PV shading application specific programs. And the completion of the project was conducted after the data measured.
引文
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[6]刘洋圆形围护结构建筑BIPV系统的研究天津大学硕士学位论文2007.6 P54
[7]文小航中国大陆太阳辐射及其与气象要素关系的研究兰州大学研究生学位论文2008.5 P27
[8]陈志华1957-2000年中国地面太阳辐射状况的研究中国科学院研究生院硕士学位论文2005.7 P23
[9]夏热冬冷地区建筑外遮阳与建筑整合设计研究浙江大学硕士论文, 2008年,P15
[10]任建波光伏屋顶形式优化的实验和理论研究天津大学硕士论文,2006 ,P49
[11]夏热冬冷地区建筑遮阳系统设计及其节能评价西南交通大学硕士论文,2007年,P32
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12原慧军王效华光伏并网发电与建筑相结合技术的发展概况光伏与工程2006.1 P37
13潘玉良施浒立光伏发电系统最大输出效率探索微电子与基础产品2001 11.9 P51
14张利,钟云,张建成考虑阴影影响的光伏电池组件实验研究太阳能2008.5 P27
15孔娟太阳能光伏发电系统的研究青岛大学硕士学位论文2006.5.11 P18
16张雪松太阳能光电板在建筑一体化中的应用建筑技术2005.2 P81
17董密太阳能光伏并网发电系统的优化设计与控制策略研究中南大学博士学位论文2007.2 P103
18马兆彪太阳能光伏并网发电系统的分析与研究江南大学硕士学位论文2008.9 P54
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26文小航中国大陆太阳辐射及其与气象要素关系的研究兰州大学研究生学位论文2008.5 P27
27陈志华1957-2000年中国地面太阳辐射状况的研究中国科学院研究生院硕士学位论文2005.7 P23
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[6]刘洋圆形围护结构建筑BIPV系统的研究天津大学硕士学位论文2007.6 P54
[7]文小航中国大陆太阳辐射及其与气象要素关系的研究兰州大学研究生学位论文2008.5 P27
[8]陈志华1957-2000年中国地面太阳辐射状况的研究中国科学院研究生院硕士学位论文2005.7 P23
[9]夏热冬冷地区建筑外遮阳与建筑整合设计研究浙江大学硕士论文, 2008年,P15
[10]任建波光伏屋顶形式优化的实验和理论研究天津大学硕士论文,2006 ,P49
[11]夏热冬冷地区建筑遮阳系统设计及其节能评价西南交通大学硕士论文,2007年,P32