大气随机信道对无线激光通信的影响
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摘要
随着科学技术的发展与适合空间光通信应用的先进通信电子设备的研究技术基本成熟，无线激光通信又成为下一代光通信的发展方向之一。近地面无线光通信用于宽带接入，是解决最后“一英里”问题的有效方法；而在卫星通信系统中，卫星光通信被认为是解决卫星通信高码率“瓶颈”问题的唯一途径。由于大气激光通信采用的是大气随机信道，所以研究大气随机信道本身的特性对通信系统性能的影响非常重要。本文在搜集与查阅大量的相关文献资料，学习大气激光通信的相关原理后，研究了大气随机信道对无线激光通信的影响，对应大气激光通信的光信号的发射与接收。另外，本文还对大气折射对空地卫星光通信的影响做了研究，提出了利用修正光源的发射角来消除大气折射所引起的光束与卫星之间偏移的思想。这对实际的卫星通信系统具有重要的理论与实际意义。最后，通过实验对半导体激光通过大气传输的远场图样进行实时观测与记录，利用大气激光通信的简化模型对半导体激光通过大气传输的远场光斑做了MATLAB仿真，并在此基础上与实际的实验结果进行比较，利用实验结果对模型进行修正。还通过实验对典型天气条件下的大气衰减做了测量，从感性上认识大气衰减对无线激光通信的影响。
Along with the development of the technology and the age of research of advanced communicate electronic facility adapt to space optical communication. Wireless optical communication again turn into one of developed aspect of the next generation. Wireless optical communication near to the earth using to meet Broad Band, it is available method to settle the "last mile" . And that satellite laser communication is considered the single way to solve the bottle-neck in the system of space communication. But in practical, it is very important to study the characteristic of atmospheric random channel. This paper introduce the effect of atmospheric random channel to wireless laser communication and light transmit and receive correspond to wireless optical communication after collect and refer to abundance literature information, learning correlated principle of atmospheric laser communication. In addition, we research atmospheric refraction influence to space-earth satellite communication, and put forward that amendi
ng emission angle can eliminate excursion between beam and satellite. This idea has emphasis theoretic and practical significance to practical system. At last, real time observation and note of far field pattern of semiconductor laser throughing atmospheric transmit by experiment. Simulating the predigest model using MATLAB and compared the result to experimental ones. Amending the model by experimental result. Also we measure atmospheric attenuation in typical weather and understand it effect to wireless optical communication by sensibility.
Along with the development of the technology and the age of research of advanced communicate electronic facility adapt to space optical communication. Wireless optical communication again turn into one of developed aspect of the next generation. Wireless optical communication near to the earth using to meet Broad Band, it is available method to settle the "last mile" . And that satellite laser communication is considered the single way to solve the bottle-neck in the system of space communication. But in practical, it is very important to study the characteristic of atmospheric random channel. This paper introduce the effect of atmospheric random channel to wireless laser communication and light transmit and receive correspond to wireless optical communication after collect and refer to abundance literature information, learning correlated principle of atmospheric laser communication. In addition, we research atmospheric refraction influence to space-earth satellite communication, and put forward that amendi
ng emission angle can eliminate excursion between beam and satellite. This idea has emphasis theoretic and practical significance to practical system. At last, real time observation and note of far field pattern of semiconductor laser throughing atmospheric transmit by experiment. Simulating the predigest model using MATLAB and compared the result to experimental ones. Amending the model by experimental result. Also we measure atmospheric attenuation in typical weather and understand it effect to wireless optical communication by sensibility.
引文
[1]Roberet M．Gagliad&Shermen Kap 著．陈根祥 秦玉文 赵玉成 王勇译．光通信技术与应用．电子工业出版社，1998．
[2]张逸新 迟泽英．光波在大气中的传输与成像．国防工业出版社，1997．
[3]王仕璠 朱自强．现代光学原理．四川大学出版社，1998．
[4]K. S. Shaik. Atmospheric propagation effects relevant to optical communication. TDA Progress Report 1988.
[5]安毓英 刘继芳 李庆辉．光电子技术．电子工业出版社，2002．
[6]Nuber R. M, Shanmugan K. S. Modeling the atmosphere as an unguided optical communications channel. Proc. IEEE, 1989.
[7]Isaac I. Kim, Mary Mitchell, Eric Korevaar. Measurement of scintillation for free-space Laser communication at 785nm and 1550nm. Proc. SPIE, 1999.
[8]顾畹仪 李国瑞．光纤通信系统．人民邮电出版社，1989．
[9]Franz J．H．；Jain V．K．著 徐宏杰，何军，蒋剑良译．光通信器件与系统Optical communications components and systems．电子工业出版社，2002．
[10]赵淑清．随机信号分析．哈尔滨工业大学出版社，1999．
[11]Junho Choi, Sung Kwak. Localization of target tracking and navigation by correcting atmospheric effects. Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IEEE 2001 International.
[12]Xiaoming Zhu & Joseph M. Free-space Optical Communication Through Atmospheric Turbulence Channels. Kahn, Fellow, IEEE. 2002.
[13]邓代竹 荣健．大气对近地面无线激光通信链路的影响．红外与激光工程 2004．
[14]李正东．激光在大气传输中的损耗和折射．红外与激光工程．2003，32(1)：73．
[15]周秀骥 陶善昌 姚克亚．高等大气物理．气象出版社，1991．
[16][苏]祖耶夫 卡巴诺夫．光信号在地球大气中的传输．科学出版社，1987．
[17]许昌武．半导体激光通过大气随机信道的二维实时显示与研究．电子科技大学物理电子学院硕士学位论文，2003．
[18]清源计算机工作室．MATLAB基础及其应用．机械工业出版社，2000．
[19]朱伟利 盛嘉茂著．信息光学基础．中央民族大学出版社，1997．
[20]戴佳 张正线．应用于光接入网的高速无线光通信．光通信技术．2003，No．7：
21-23．
[21]闻传花 李玉权．空间光通信中的光学系统．光通信技术．2003，No．7：24-27．
[22]J.D. Barry and G.S.Mecherle. Beam pointing error as a significant design parameter for satellite-borne, free-space optical communication systems. Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. 1985, Vol. 24, No. 6: 1049-1054.
[23]J.D. Barry and G. S. Mecherle. Communication channel burst errors induced by Gaussian distributed mispointing. SPIE, Optical Technologies for Communication Satellite Applications. 1986, Vol.616: 137-140.
[24]朱震．自由空间光通信技术．光通信技术．2003，No．1：22-25．
[25]季伟 赵长明 陈淑芬．空间光通信系统、技术、现状及发展．通讯世界．2002，No．6：30-34．
[26]Xiaoming Zhu and Joseph M. Kahn. Maximum-Like Spatial-Deversity Reception on Correlated Turbulent Free-Space Optical Channels. IEEE. 2000: 1237-1241.
[27]M.M. Ibrahim and A. M. Ibrahim. Performance analysis of optical receivers with space diversity reception. IEE Proc.-Communication. 1996, Vol. 143, No. 6: 369-372.
[28]Y. Mitani, N. Kagawa, K. Tsutsumoto, Y. Takakuwa. Correlation between Scintillation of Laser Beam and Wind Noise. SCIE02-0317. 2002: 1881-1884.
[29]K.L. Sterckx, J.M.H. Elmirghani, R.A. Cryan. On the Use of Adaptive Threshold Detection in Optical Wireless Communication systems. IEEE. 2000: 1242-1246.
[30]H. Manor and S. Arnon . Performance of an Optical Wireless Communication Systems as a Function of Wavelegth. IEEE. __: 287-289.
[31]Jaafar M.H. Optical Wireless Communication. IEEE Communication Magazine. 2003. 48.
[32]Denis Bushuev and Shlomi Arnon. Enhanced Detector Array Receiver for Optical Wireless Communication Network. IEEE. 2002.: 178-180.
[33]马东堂 魏急波 庄钊文．空间激光通信及应用．半导体光电．2003，Vol．24，N0．2：139-144．
[34]Isaac I. Kim, Harel Hakakha, Prasanna Adhikari, Eric Korevaar and Arun K. Majumadar. Scintillation reduction using multiple transmitters. SPIE. Vol. 2990: 102-113.
[35]吴健 乐时晓．随机介质中的光传播理论．电讯工程学院出版社．1988．
[36]雷肇棣．物理光学导论．电子科技大学出版社．1993．
[37]龙赞易，朱永藩．杨同友，廖忠恂．英汉光通信、光纤技术辞典．人民邮电出版社．1985．
[38]顾德门．傅立叶光学导论．科学出版社．1979．
[39]周炳琨 陈倜蝾等编．激光原理．国防工业出版社．1984．
[40]张逸新．随机介质中传输激光斑纹的积分光强统计特性．激光杂志，1990，11(4)：169-173．
[41]V. Tartarski. Wave Propagatoin in Turbulent Media, McGraw Hill, New York, 1961.
[42]荣健 胡渝．空间卫星光通信链路关键技术与方案的研究．西南交通大学学报．2003，Vol．38。No．2：220-222．
[43]胡渝 许昌武．激光通过大气随机信道远场二维强度分布时实测试系统．激光与红外．2001，Vol．31，No．6：330-331．
[44]谭立英 马晶 黄波．卫星光通信系统及其发展．电信科学．1999，No．1：34-36．
[45]Hughes Research Laboratories Simulation of ground-to-space optical communication AD-A169928
[46]Roy Szweda. Lasers for free-spaceoptical communication. Ⅲ-Vs Review The Advanced Semiconductor Magazine. 2001,Vol. 14, No, 8:46-49.
[47]Portillo, A.A.; Ortiz, G.G; Racho, C. Fine pointing control for optical communications. IEEE, Aerospace Conference. 2001, Volum. 3: 1541-1550.
[48]Begley, D.L. Free-space laser communications: a historical perspectire . IEEE , Lasers and Electro-Optics Society. 2002, Vol. 2,10-14 Nov.: 391 -392 .
[49]Krishnaprasad, P.S. Control over a free-space optical channel.Decision and Control, Proceedings of the 41st IEEE Conference on .2002, Vol. 2 : 2029 -2031.
[50]Idrus, S.M. & Green, R. J. Photoparametric amplifier for optical wireless communication system. IEEE, High Frequency Postgraduate Student Colloquium, 2001:168 - 173.
[51]Kedar, D.& Arnon, S. Adaptive receiver array for WDM optical wireless communication. Electrical and Electronics Engineers in Israel. 2002: 284- 286.
[52]O'Brien, D.C.; Faulkner, G.K : Jim, K.; Zyambo, E.B.; Edwards, D, J.; Whitehead, M.; Stavrinou, P.; Parry, G.; Bellon, J.; Sibley, M.J.; Lalithambika, V.A.; Joyner, V.M.; Samsudin, R.J.; Holburn, D.M. ;Mears, R. J. High-speed integrated transceivers for optical wireless.Commu
-nications Magazine, IEEE . 2003, Vol. 41 ,Issue. 3:58 -62.
[53]Elmirghani, J.M.H. Optical wireless communications. Communications Magazine, IEEE .2003, Vol. 41 ,Issue: 3:48 -48.
[2]张逸新 迟泽英．光波在大气中的传输与成像．国防工业出版社，1997．
[3]王仕璠 朱自强．现代光学原理．四川大学出版社，1998．
[4]K. S. Shaik. Atmospheric propagation effects relevant to optical communication. TDA Progress Report 1988.
[5]安毓英 刘继芳 李庆辉．光电子技术．电子工业出版社，2002．
[6]Nuber R. M, Shanmugan K. S. Modeling the atmosphere as an unguided optical communications channel. Proc. IEEE, 1989.
[7]Isaac I. Kim, Mary Mitchell, Eric Korevaar. Measurement of scintillation for free-space Laser communication at 785nm and 1550nm. Proc. SPIE, 1999.
[8]顾畹仪 李国瑞．光纤通信系统．人民邮电出版社，1989．
[9]Franz J．H．；Jain V．K．著 徐宏杰，何军，蒋剑良译．光通信器件与系统Optical communications components and systems．电子工业出版社，2002．
[10]赵淑清．随机信号分析．哈尔滨工业大学出版社，1999．
[11]Junho Choi, Sung Kwak. Localization of target tracking and navigation by correcting atmospheric effects. Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IEEE 2001 International.
[12]Xiaoming Zhu & Joseph M. Free-space Optical Communication Through Atmospheric Turbulence Channels. Kahn, Fellow, IEEE. 2002.
[13]邓代竹 荣健．大气对近地面无线激光通信链路的影响．红外与激光工程 2004．
[14]李正东．激光在大气传输中的损耗和折射．红外与激光工程．2003，32(1)：73．
[15]周秀骥 陶善昌 姚克亚．高等大气物理．气象出版社，1991．
[16][苏]祖耶夫 卡巴诺夫．光信号在地球大气中的传输．科学出版社，1987．
[17]许昌武．半导体激光通过大气随机信道的二维实时显示与研究．电子科技大学物理电子学院硕士学位论文，2003．
[18]清源计算机工作室．MATLAB基础及其应用．机械工业出版社，2000．
[19]朱伟利 盛嘉茂著．信息光学基础．中央民族大学出版社，1997．
[20]戴佳 张正线．应用于光接入网的高速无线光通信．光通信技术．2003，No．7：
21-23．
[21]闻传花 李玉权．空间光通信中的光学系统．光通信技术．2003，No．7：24-27．
[22]J.D. Barry and G.S.Mecherle. Beam pointing error as a significant design parameter for satellite-borne, free-space optical communication systems. Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. 1985, Vol. 24, No. 6: 1049-1054.
[23]J.D. Barry and G. S. Mecherle. Communication channel burst errors induced by Gaussian distributed mispointing. SPIE, Optical Technologies for Communication Satellite Applications. 1986, Vol.616: 137-140.
[24]朱震．自由空间光通信技术．光通信技术．2003，No．1：22-25．
[25]季伟 赵长明 陈淑芬．空间光通信系统、技术、现状及发展．通讯世界．2002，No．6：30-34．
[26]Xiaoming Zhu and Joseph M. Kahn. Maximum-Like Spatial-Deversity Reception on Correlated Turbulent Free-Space Optical Channels. IEEE. 2000: 1237-1241.
[27]M.M. Ibrahim and A. M. Ibrahim. Performance analysis of optical receivers with space diversity reception. IEE Proc.-Communication. 1996, Vol. 143, No. 6: 369-372.
[28]Y. Mitani, N. Kagawa, K. Tsutsumoto, Y. Takakuwa. Correlation between Scintillation of Laser Beam and Wind Noise. SCIE02-0317. 2002: 1881-1884.
[29]K.L. Sterckx, J.M.H. Elmirghani, R.A. Cryan. On the Use of Adaptive Threshold Detection in Optical Wireless Communication systems. IEEE. 2000: 1242-1246.
[30]H. Manor and S. Arnon . Performance of an Optical Wireless Communication Systems as a Function of Wavelegth. IEEE. __: 287-289.
[31]Jaafar M.H. Optical Wireless Communication. IEEE Communication Magazine. 2003. 48.
[32]Denis Bushuev and Shlomi Arnon. Enhanced Detector Array Receiver for Optical Wireless Communication Network. IEEE. 2002.: 178-180.
[33]马东堂 魏急波 庄钊文．空间激光通信及应用．半导体光电．2003，Vol．24，N0．2：139-144．
[34]Isaac I. Kim, Harel Hakakha, Prasanna Adhikari, Eric Korevaar and Arun K. Majumadar. Scintillation reduction using multiple transmitters. SPIE. Vol. 2990: 102-113.
[35]吴健 乐时晓．随机介质中的光传播理论．电讯工程学院出版社．1988．
[36]雷肇棣．物理光学导论．电子科技大学出版社．1993．
[37]龙赞易，朱永藩．杨同友，廖忠恂．英汉光通信、光纤技术辞典．人民邮电出版社．1985．
[38]顾德门．傅立叶光学导论．科学出版社．1979．
[39]周炳琨 陈倜蝾等编．激光原理．国防工业出版社．1984．
[40]张逸新．随机介质中传输激光斑纹的积分光强统计特性．激光杂志，1990，11(4)：169-173．
[41]V. Tartarski. Wave Propagatoin in Turbulent Media, McGraw Hill, New York, 1961.
[42]荣健 胡渝．空间卫星光通信链路关键技术与方案的研究．西南交通大学学报．2003，Vol．38。No．2：220-222．
[43]胡渝 许昌武．激光通过大气随机信道远场二维强度分布时实测试系统．激光与红外．2001，Vol．31，No．6：330-331．
[44]谭立英 马晶 黄波．卫星光通信系统及其发展．电信科学．1999，No．1：34-36．
[45]Hughes Research Laboratories Simulation of ground-to-space optical communication AD-A169928
[46]Roy Szweda. Lasers for free-spaceoptical communication. Ⅲ-Vs Review The Advanced Semiconductor Magazine. 2001,Vol. 14, No, 8:46-49.
[47]Portillo, A.A.; Ortiz, G.G; Racho, C. Fine pointing control for optical communications. IEEE, Aerospace Conference. 2001, Volum. 3: 1541-1550.
[48]Begley, D.L. Free-space laser communications: a historical perspectire . IEEE , Lasers and Electro-Optics Society. 2002, Vol. 2,10-14 Nov.: 391 -392 .
[49]Krishnaprasad, P.S. Control over a free-space optical channel.Decision and Control, Proceedings of the 41st IEEE Conference on .2002, Vol. 2 : 2029 -2031.
[50]Idrus, S.M. & Green, R. J. Photoparametric amplifier for optical wireless communication system. IEEE, High Frequency Postgraduate Student Colloquium, 2001:168 - 173.
[51]Kedar, D.& Arnon, S. Adaptive receiver array for WDM optical wireless communication. Electrical and Electronics Engineers in Israel. 2002: 284- 286.
[52]O'Brien, D.C.; Faulkner, G.K : Jim, K.; Zyambo, E.B.; Edwards, D, J.; Whitehead, M.; Stavrinou, P.; Parry, G.; Bellon, J.; Sibley, M.J.; Lalithambika, V.A.; Joyner, V.M.; Samsudin, R.J.; Holburn, D.M. ;Mears, R. J. High-speed integrated transceivers for optical wireless.Commu
-nications Magazine, IEEE . 2003, Vol. 41 ,Issue. 3:58 -62.
[53]Elmirghani, J.M.H. Optical wireless communications. Communications Magazine, IEEE .2003, Vol. 41 ,Issue: 3:48 -48.