面向光栅光调制器阵列的动态图像显示控制系统设计
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摘要
光栅光调制器是一种基于MEMS技术的光调制器件,可用于数字投影显示。由于对器件的研究尚处于初步阶段,设计一种可用于验证和测试器件的动态显示效果的控制电路系统是课题研究的一个重要组成部分。本文分析了光栅光调制器的投影显示原理,并根据光栅光调制器的灰度实现方法,提出了一种针对无源和有源光栅光调制器阵列(16×16)的动态显示控制系统。该系统可以实现不同效果的单色的灰度等级为16的动态图像的显示。
分析和探讨了PC应用程序与USB设备的通信原理,在PC上应用Visual C++语言设计应用软件,产生文字、灰度渐变和绘图效果的动态图像数据,并将其显示在应用程序的界面上,同时通过格式转换、数据打包后将动态图像数据通过USB数据线传输到带有USB控制器的开发板。
以Altera公司Cyclone系列的FPGA芯片(EP1C6Q240C8)作为硬件开发平台,使用硬件描述语言Verilog HDL进行FPGA设计,实现了无源和有源光栅光调制器阵列(16×16)的数字控制电路(单色四位二进制灰度值)。该控制电路包括FPGA到USB数据接口模块,桶形移位的位面格式转换模块,双口RAM乒乓操作控制电路、以及用于无源器件的二进制脉宽调制的逐行扫描控制电路和用于有源器件的子场法二进制脉宽调制电路。
分析了无源光栅光调制器的交叉效应,针对无源光栅光调制器阵列(16×16)设计了可抑制交叉效应的可调偏压法驱动电路。根据无源光栅光调制器阵列与LED阵列在逐行扫描显示方法及在灰度实现原理的相似性,设计了LED阵列代替无源光栅光调制器阵列的测试电路板,对了整个控制系统进行了实验测试。搭建了光栅光调制器阵列单像素测试平台,对新加工的器件进行了单像素工作电压、吸合电压、方波电压驱动的工作频率进行了测试实验。最后,设计并搭建了光栅光调制器动态投影显示系统试验平台,针对控制系统进行了动态图像的投影显示实验。实验结果表明,该系统运行稳定、可靠,操作方便,为控制和测试光栅光调制器的动态显示提供了有力的技术支持。
Grating light modulator is a kind of MEMS-based optical modulator which can be used for digital projection display. Because the technology of device research is still at a preliminary stage, a design of control circuit system is an important part of the research which can be used to verify and test effect of projection display. Projection display principle of grating light modulator is analyzed in this paper. In accordance with the gray levels method of grating light modulator, a display control system for the small (16×16) passive and active grating light modulator array is proposed. The system can be used for displaying different effect monochrome dynamic image,which can reach 16 gray levels.
Communication theory between PC application and USB device is analyzed and discussed. The application software is designed on PC using Visual C++ language. It can produce dynamic image data of text, graphics and graded gray,and show that in the application interface. After format conversing, the dynamic image data is packaged and transmitted to the development board, which have a USB controller through a USB cable.
The digital control circuit (4 grade monochrome gray) of the passive and active grating light modulator array (16×16) is designed, using the Altera Cyclone FPGA chip (EP1C6Q240C8) as a hardware development platform,and Verilog HDL as hardware description language. The control circuit includes FPGA to USB interface module, barrel shifter format conversion module, dual ports RAM ping-pong operation controller module, binary pulse width modulation control circuit for passive device and binary field pulse width modulation circuit for active device.
Cross effect of the passive grating light modulator is analyzed. In view of passive grating light modulator array (16×16), driving circuit of adjustable bias witch can inhibit cross effect is designed. As the display method of line by line scan and the graying principle of passive grating light modulator array with LED array are similar, the testing circuit board of LED array instead of passive grating light modulator array is designed. The entire control system is tested by circuit board of LED array. Test platform for single pixel of the grating light modulator array is established. Testing experiment of single pixel like operating voltage, pull-in voltage and frequency of square wave driving voltage is done. At last, test platform of grating light modulator dynamic projection display system is established. Dynamic image projection display experiment for the control system is done. As the result of the test shows that the system is stable, reliable, and convenient to handle. It provides a strong technical support for testing dynamic display of grating light modulator.
分析和探讨了PC应用程序与USB设备的通信原理,在PC上应用Visual C++语言设计应用软件,产生文字、灰度渐变和绘图效果的动态图像数据,并将其显示在应用程序的界面上,同时通过格式转换、数据打包后将动态图像数据通过USB数据线传输到带有USB控制器的开发板。
以Altera公司Cyclone系列的FPGA芯片(EP1C6Q240C8)作为硬件开发平台,使用硬件描述语言Verilog HDL进行FPGA设计,实现了无源和有源光栅光调制器阵列(16×16)的数字控制电路(单色四位二进制灰度值)。该控制电路包括FPGA到USB数据接口模块,桶形移位的位面格式转换模块,双口RAM乒乓操作控制电路、以及用于无源器件的二进制脉宽调制的逐行扫描控制电路和用于有源器件的子场法二进制脉宽调制电路。
分析了无源光栅光调制器的交叉效应,针对无源光栅光调制器阵列(16×16)设计了可抑制交叉效应的可调偏压法驱动电路。根据无源光栅光调制器阵列与LED阵列在逐行扫描显示方法及在灰度实现原理的相似性,设计了LED阵列代替无源光栅光调制器阵列的测试电路板,对了整个控制系统进行了实验测试。搭建了光栅光调制器阵列单像素测试平台,对新加工的器件进行了单像素工作电压、吸合电压、方波电压驱动的工作频率进行了测试实验。最后,设计并搭建了光栅光调制器动态投影显示系统试验平台,针对控制系统进行了动态图像的投影显示实验。实验结果表明,该系统运行稳定、可靠,操作方便,为控制和测试光栅光调制器的动态显示提供了有力的技术支持。
Grating light modulator is a kind of MEMS-based optical modulator which can be used for digital projection display. Because the technology of device research is still at a preliminary stage, a design of control circuit system is an important part of the research which can be used to verify and test effect of projection display. Projection display principle of grating light modulator is analyzed in this paper. In accordance with the gray levels method of grating light modulator, a display control system for the small (16×16) passive and active grating light modulator array is proposed. The system can be used for displaying different effect monochrome dynamic image,which can reach 16 gray levels.
Communication theory between PC application and USB device is analyzed and discussed. The application software is designed on PC using Visual C++ language. It can produce dynamic image data of text, graphics and graded gray,and show that in the application interface. After format conversing, the dynamic image data is packaged and transmitted to the development board, which have a USB controller through a USB cable.
The digital control circuit (4 grade monochrome gray) of the passive and active grating light modulator array (16×16) is designed, using the Altera Cyclone FPGA chip (EP1C6Q240C8) as a hardware development platform,and Verilog HDL as hardware description language. The control circuit includes FPGA to USB interface module, barrel shifter format conversion module, dual ports RAM ping-pong operation controller module, binary pulse width modulation control circuit for passive device and binary field pulse width modulation circuit for active device.
Cross effect of the passive grating light modulator is analyzed. In view of passive grating light modulator array (16×16), driving circuit of adjustable bias witch can inhibit cross effect is designed. As the display method of line by line scan and the graying principle of passive grating light modulator array with LED array are similar, the testing circuit board of LED array instead of passive grating light modulator array is designed. The entire control system is tested by circuit board of LED array. Test platform for single pixel of the grating light modulator array is established. Testing experiment of single pixel like operating voltage, pull-in voltage and frequency of square wave driving voltage is done. At last, test platform of grating light modulator dynamic projection display system is established. Dynamic image projection display experiment for the control system is done. As the result of the test shows that the system is stable, reliable, and convenient to handle. It provides a strong technical support for testing dynamic display of grating light modulator.
引文
[1]韩广兴.新型彩色电视机原理与维修[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005.
[2]西田信夫主编.大屏幕显示.北京:科学出版社,2003
[3] Stephen D. Senturia著.刘泽文等译,微系统设计.电子工业出版社. 2004.
[4]刘晓明,朱钟淦著.微机电系统设计与制造.北京:国防工业出版社,2005.
[5] Larry J, Hornbeck. Digital Light ProcessingTM for High-Brightness,High-Resolution Applications[J]. Texas Instruments Incorporated. 1997, (2):1—17.
[6] Michael A. Mignardi. From ICs To DMDTM[J]. TI Technical Journals, 1998.
[7] Lars A. Yoder. An Introduction to the Digital Light Processing (DLP?) Technology[J]. Texas Instruments, 2001. (7):41—43.
[8] Peter F. van Kesse.Electronics for DLPTM Technology Based Projection Systems[J]. VLSl Circuits, 2001, (2):91—94.
[9]胡庭彪.数字光处理器投影显示技术简介及应用[J].电力系统通讯, 2003, (11):32—35.
[10] Vishal Markandey. Motion Adaptive Deinterlacer for DMD (Digital Micromirror Device) Based Digital Television. Texas Instruments.
[11]虎永存.新型的GLV栅状光阀成像系统[J].技术纵横,2003, (6):64—67.
[12] D. Bloom. The Grating Light Valve: Revolutionizing Display Technology. Projection Displays III Symposium. SPIE Proceedings Volume 3013. San Jose CA. February 1997
[13] R. W. Corrigan,D.T. Amm,C.S. Gudeman. Grating Light Valve Technology for Projection Displays. International Display Workshop, 1998, (1):36—38.
[14] Kubota, S.R. Taguchi, A. Grating Light Valve Projector[J]. Optical MEMS and Their Applications Conference, 2006, 19—20.
[15]杨凤和,蓝东辉. DLP投影显示中的特殊技术[J]. VIDIO ENGINEERING, 2005, (4):39—41.
[16]武玉华,李艳俊. LCoS彩色时序控制器的ASIC设计[J].电子设计应用, 2006, (5):76—78.
[17]伍艺.基于MEMS光栅光调制器的机电特性及控制系统研究[D].重庆.重庆大学. 2006
[18]张洁,黄尚廉,闫许.光栅平动式光调制器结构参数的优化分析[J].光学学报.2006, (8):1121—1126.
[19]张飞碧.大屏幕投影显示系统[J].音响技术, 2006, (2):54—57.
[20]郑柯奇,丁有和. Visual C++教程[M].北京:机械工业出版社, 2004.
[21]萧世文. USB2.0硬件设计[M].北京:清华大学出社, 2003.
[22]廖济林. USB 2.0应用系统开发实例精讲[M].北京:电子工业出版社, 2006.
[23]刘少峰,韦克平. USB软件系统的开发[J].计算机应用研究, 2002, (3)56—78.
[24]武安河,于洪涛. Windows 2000/XP WDM设备驱动程序开发[M].北京:电子工业出版社, 2003.
[25]张庆玲,杨勇. FPGA原理与实践[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2006.
[26]潘松,黄继业. SOPC技术实用教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社. 2005.
[27]王建校,危建国. SOPC设计基础与实践[M].西安电子科技大学出版社. 2006.
[28]潘松,黄继业. EDA技术与VHDL[M].北京:清华大学出版社. 2005.
[29]李伟,张东亮.利用Visual C++实现USB设备与PC机通信[J].仪器仪表用户, 2007. (1):87—89.
[30]董璐,叶敦范.基于VC^++的USB描述符显示实现[J].现代电子技术, 2005, (4) : 40—42.
[31]谭安菊,龚彬. USB2.0控制器CY7C68013与FPGA接口的Verilog HDL实现[J].电子工程师, 2007, (7): 52—54.
[32] San, Jose. CY7C68013 EZ-USB FX2TM USB Microcontroller High-speed USB Peripheral Controller[Z]. Cypress Semiconductor Corporation,2002.
[33] Peter W. Richards, Menlo Park. Data processing methods and apparatus in digital display systems[P].美国发明专利. US7167148B2. 2007-1-23.
[34]姜岳臣. FPGA的基本设计思想[J].内江科技. 2007, (3):56—67.
[35]周如辉.实时视频处理系统中乒乓缓存控制器的设计[J].电子元器件应用. 2006, (4): 66—68.
[36]吕艳宗,王建国.基于FPGA技术的存储器设计及其应用[J].电子设计应用. 2007, (6): 99—102.
[37] Don Doherty, Greg Hewlett. Pulse width modulation control in DLP[TM] projectors[J]. TI TECHNICAL JOURNAL, 1998, (9):114—117.
[38]廖志君,郭太良.平板显示器件的多种灰度显示方案[J].龙岩学院学报. 2005.(3):35—37.
[39]郑国鹏.基于门控时钟的寄存器传输级功耗优化[J].微计算机信息, 2006(102):87—89.
[40]冯永茂,王瑞光.无交叉效应无源OLED驱动电路的实现[J].液晶与显示, 2003, (5):362—364.
[41]郭佳佳.使用SignalTap II逻辑分析仪调试FPGA[J].今日电子, 2005,(5):45—47.
[2]西田信夫主编.大屏幕显示.北京:科学出版社,2003
[3] Stephen D. Senturia著.刘泽文等译,微系统设计.电子工业出版社. 2004.
[4]刘晓明,朱钟淦著.微机电系统设计与制造.北京:国防工业出版社,2005.
[5] Larry J, Hornbeck. Digital Light ProcessingTM for High-Brightness,High-Resolution Applications[J]. Texas Instruments Incorporated. 1997, (2):1—17.
[6] Michael A. Mignardi. From ICs To DMDTM[J]. TI Technical Journals, 1998.
[7] Lars A. Yoder. An Introduction to the Digital Light Processing (DLP?) Technology[J]. Texas Instruments, 2001. (7):41—43.
[8] Peter F. van Kesse.Electronics for DLPTM Technology Based Projection Systems[J]. VLSl Circuits, 2001, (2):91—94.
[9]胡庭彪.数字光处理器投影显示技术简介及应用[J].电力系统通讯, 2003, (11):32—35.
[10] Vishal Markandey. Motion Adaptive Deinterlacer for DMD (Digital Micromirror Device) Based Digital Television. Texas Instruments.
[11]虎永存.新型的GLV栅状光阀成像系统[J].技术纵横,2003, (6):64—67.
[12] D. Bloom. The Grating Light Valve: Revolutionizing Display Technology. Projection Displays III Symposium. SPIE Proceedings Volume 3013. San Jose CA. February 1997
[13] R. W. Corrigan,D.T. Amm,C.S. Gudeman. Grating Light Valve Technology for Projection Displays. International Display Workshop, 1998, (1):36—38.
[14] Kubota, S.R. Taguchi, A. Grating Light Valve Projector[J]. Optical MEMS and Their Applications Conference, 2006, 19—20.
[15]杨凤和,蓝东辉. DLP投影显示中的特殊技术[J]. VIDIO ENGINEERING, 2005, (4):39—41.
[16]武玉华,李艳俊. LCoS彩色时序控制器的ASIC设计[J].电子设计应用, 2006, (5):76—78.
[17]伍艺.基于MEMS光栅光调制器的机电特性及控制系统研究[D].重庆.重庆大学. 2006
[18]张洁,黄尚廉,闫许.光栅平动式光调制器结构参数的优化分析[J].光学学报.2006, (8):1121—1126.
[19]张飞碧.大屏幕投影显示系统[J].音响技术, 2006, (2):54—57.
[20]郑柯奇,丁有和. Visual C++教程[M].北京:机械工业出版社, 2004.
[21]萧世文. USB2.0硬件设计[M].北京:清华大学出社, 2003.
[22]廖济林. USB 2.0应用系统开发实例精讲[M].北京:电子工业出版社, 2006.
[23]刘少峰,韦克平. USB软件系统的开发[J].计算机应用研究, 2002, (3)56—78.
[24]武安河,于洪涛. Windows 2000/XP WDM设备驱动程序开发[M].北京:电子工业出版社, 2003.
[25]张庆玲,杨勇. FPGA原理与实践[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2006.
[26]潘松,黄继业. SOPC技术实用教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社. 2005.
[27]王建校,危建国. SOPC设计基础与实践[M].西安电子科技大学出版社. 2006.
[28]潘松,黄继业. EDA技术与VHDL[M].北京:清华大学出版社. 2005.
[29]李伟,张东亮.利用Visual C++实现USB设备与PC机通信[J].仪器仪表用户, 2007. (1):87—89.
[30]董璐,叶敦范.基于VC^++的USB描述符显示实现[J].现代电子技术, 2005, (4) : 40—42.
[31]谭安菊,龚彬. USB2.0控制器CY7C68013与FPGA接口的Verilog HDL实现[J].电子工程师, 2007, (7): 52—54.
[32] San, Jose. CY7C68013 EZ-USB FX2TM USB Microcontroller High-speed USB Peripheral Controller[Z]. Cypress Semiconductor Corporation,2002.
[33] Peter W. Richards, Menlo Park. Data processing methods and apparatus in digital display systems[P].美国发明专利. US7167148B2. 2007-1-23.
[34]姜岳臣. FPGA的基本设计思想[J].内江科技. 2007, (3):56—67.
[35]周如辉.实时视频处理系统中乒乓缓存控制器的设计[J].电子元器件应用. 2006, (4): 66—68.
[36]吕艳宗,王建国.基于FPGA技术的存储器设计及其应用[J].电子设计应用. 2007, (6): 99—102.
[37] Don Doherty, Greg Hewlett. Pulse width modulation control in DLP[TM] projectors[J]. TI TECHNICAL JOURNAL, 1998, (9):114—117.
[38]廖志君,郭太良.平板显示器件的多种灰度显示方案[J].龙岩学院学报. 2005.(3):35—37.
[39]郑国鹏.基于门控时钟的寄存器传输级功耗优化[J].微计算机信息, 2006(102):87—89.
[40]冯永茂,王瑞光.无交叉效应无源OLED驱动电路的实现[J].液晶与显示, 2003, (5):362—364.
[41]郭佳佳.使用SignalTap II逻辑分析仪调试FPGA[J].今日电子, 2005,(5):45—47.