光分组交换网络中关键技术的研究
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摘要
随着网络通信的不断发展,人们对网络速率和网络利用率提出了越来越高的要求。为了克服电交换带来的瓶颈,光分组交换网络成为通信界目前最关心的研究热点之一。本文就光分组交换网络中的两个关键技术：光分组时钟提取和1×N光分组交换节点进行了相关的理论及实验研究工作,并取得了以下研究成果：
在光分组时钟提取方面,采用F-P滤波器进行光分组时钟提取,用半导体光放大器(SOA)的自增益调制(SGM)效应和自相位调制(SPM)效应对光分组时钟进行整形。从理论上推导了F-P的精细度和SOA的SGM、SPM效应对光分组时钟建立、消失时间的影响。
在理论分析的基础上,分别完成了10GHz、40GHz的光分组时钟提取实验。提出并实验验证了利用SOA的SPM效应减小光分组时钟消失时间的方案,得到的光分组时钟的消失时间据我们所知是现有高速光分组提取方案中最快的。提出并验证了利用偏振延时干涉仪结构实现多速率光分组时钟提取,为多速率光网络中的光分组时钟提取提供了一种低成本的解决方案。
在1×N光分组交换节点方面,实验验证了两种1×N光分组交换节点结构。第一种采用带内标签技术,利用窄带布拉格光纤光栅(FBG)实现标签提取,利用简单的电译码芯片实现标签处理,用广播与选择结构构建光开关矩阵。实验中,完成了160Gb／s归零码OTDM信号、320Gb／s多波长非归零码OOK信号、120Gb／sDPSK信号、480Gb／sOFDM信号等不同速率、不同调制格式的高速光信号的动态分组交换,交换时间<3ns,并且系统的功率代价均很小。完成了两级1×N光分组交换节点的级联的实验。最终实现并验证了一个高速、大容量、数据调制格式和速率透明、可扩展、低时延、低功耗的1×N光分组节点设计方案。
另一种1×N光分组交换节点则采用了基于相位调制器阵列的集成光开关矩阵。与广播与选择型的光开关矩阵相比,该开关矩阵具有插损不随着开关矩阵规模的增大而增加的优点,是构建大规模光开关矩阵的更佳解决方案。实验中,完成了160Gb／s RZ码OOK信号和120Gb／s多波长DPSK信号的高速动态分组交换实验。同样证明了该1×N分组节点设计的可行性和有效性。
The exponential growth of Internet traffic will require high capacity networks capable of efficiently routing various types of data format packets.Optical packet switching networks are expected to provide the required capacity and flexibility for high-speed networks, and thus become one of the major research areas in optical communication systems.Two of the key techniques in OSP network:all-optical packet clock recovery and 1×N optical packet switching node are investigated in this thesis.
In the researches of optical packet clock recovery, we propose a packet clock extractor, which comprises a Fabry-Perot (F-P) filter and a Semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA).Low Finesse F-P filter is used to directly extract the packet clock from the data stream which ensures that the clock locks fast and vanishes quickly. The clock, amplitude modulated as a result of low-Q filter, then goes into SOA to reduce the low-frequency amplitude noises.The effect of the finesse of the F-P filter, the self-gain-modulation (SGM) and self-phase-modulation (SPM) effect of SOA on the locking and unlocking time of the packet clock is theoretically analyzed
We demonstrate instantaneous 10GHz and 40GHz packet clock extraction experimentally with low time jitter, short locking and unlocking time.We also propose a novel technique to fasten the unlocking time of the packet clock using the SPM effect of SOA. We obtain packet clock with locking time of 200ps and unlocking time of 600ps,which is the fastest as far as we know. Moreover, a multi-rate all-optical packet clock recovery is demonstrate with two polarization interferometers (PIs),which provides a low cost choice in multi-rate optical networks.
In the researches of 1×N optical packet switch, we demonstrate two kinds of switches. First, we propose an optical packet switch employing in-band labeling, norrow bandwidth fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) as label extractor, simple electronic combinatory network as label processor and LiNbO3 gates in broad-and-select configuration as switching matrix.Experimental results shows the effectivity of the in-band labeling as well as the transparent routing of packets with multiple data formats and data bit-rate.Several high speed data streams with diffirent data formats and data bit-rate, including 160 Gb/s RZ OOK packets,320 Gb/s multi-wavelength NRZ packes,120Gb/s multi-wavelength DPSK packets and 480Gb/s multi-wavelength OFDM packets, are dynamically routed without the need to reconfigure the label processor and the switch. We also show in the experiment the cascadibility of our optical packet switch. In summary, the optical packet switch is demonstrated to be high speed, with large capacity, transparent in term of modulation format and bit-rate, scalible, with low lantency and low power comsumption.
Another kind of optical packet switch is build with photonic integrated switch matrix based on arrayed phase shifters.Unlike cascaded devices,the phased-array switch enables 1×N switching using a single phase modulation stage, thus offers potential advantages in terms of size and optical insertion loss for large N.We show error-free operation with maximum penalties of 0.7 dB for 160 Gb/s RZ-OOK and 0.6 dB for 120 Gb/s multi-wavelength DPSK packets.
在光分组时钟提取方面,采用F-P滤波器进行光分组时钟提取,用半导体光放大器(SOA)的自增益调制(SGM)效应和自相位调制(SPM)效应对光分组时钟进行整形。从理论上推导了F-P的精细度和SOA的SGM、SPM效应对光分组时钟建立、消失时间的影响。
在理论分析的基础上,分别完成了10GHz、40GHz的光分组时钟提取实验。提出并实验验证了利用SOA的SPM效应减小光分组时钟消失时间的方案,得到的光分组时钟的消失时间据我们所知是现有高速光分组提取方案中最快的。提出并验证了利用偏振延时干涉仪结构实现多速率光分组时钟提取,为多速率光网络中的光分组时钟提取提供了一种低成本的解决方案。
在1×N光分组交换节点方面,实验验证了两种1×N光分组交换节点结构。第一种采用带内标签技术,利用窄带布拉格光纤光栅(FBG)实现标签提取,利用简单的电译码芯片实现标签处理,用广播与选择结构构建光开关矩阵。实验中,完成了160Gb／s归零码OTDM信号、320Gb／s多波长非归零码OOK信号、120Gb／sDPSK信号、480Gb／sOFDM信号等不同速率、不同调制格式的高速光信号的动态分组交换,交换时间<3ns,并且系统的功率代价均很小。完成了两级1×N光分组交换节点的级联的实验。最终实现并验证了一个高速、大容量、数据调制格式和速率透明、可扩展、低时延、低功耗的1×N光分组节点设计方案。
另一种1×N光分组交换节点则采用了基于相位调制器阵列的集成光开关矩阵。与广播与选择型的光开关矩阵相比,该开关矩阵具有插损不随着开关矩阵规模的增大而增加的优点,是构建大规模光开关矩阵的更佳解决方案。实验中,完成了160Gb／s RZ码OOK信号和120Gb／s多波长DPSK信号的高速动态分组交换实验。同样证明了该1×N分组节点设计的可行性和有效性。
The exponential growth of Internet traffic will require high capacity networks capable of efficiently routing various types of data format packets.Optical packet switching networks are expected to provide the required capacity and flexibility for high-speed networks, and thus become one of the major research areas in optical communication systems.Two of the key techniques in OSP network:all-optical packet clock recovery and 1×N optical packet switching node are investigated in this thesis.
In the researches of optical packet clock recovery, we propose a packet clock extractor, which comprises a Fabry-Perot (F-P) filter and a Semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA).Low Finesse F-P filter is used to directly extract the packet clock from the data stream which ensures that the clock locks fast and vanishes quickly. The clock, amplitude modulated as a result of low-Q filter, then goes into SOA to reduce the low-frequency amplitude noises.The effect of the finesse of the F-P filter, the self-gain-modulation (SGM) and self-phase-modulation (SPM) effect of SOA on the locking and unlocking time of the packet clock is theoretically analyzed
We demonstrate instantaneous 10GHz and 40GHz packet clock extraction experimentally with low time jitter, short locking and unlocking time.We also propose a novel technique to fasten the unlocking time of the packet clock using the SPM effect of SOA. We obtain packet clock with locking time of 200ps and unlocking time of 600ps,which is the fastest as far as we know. Moreover, a multi-rate all-optical packet clock recovery is demonstrate with two polarization interferometers (PIs),which provides a low cost choice in multi-rate optical networks.
In the researches of 1×N optical packet switch, we demonstrate two kinds of switches. First, we propose an optical packet switch employing in-band labeling, norrow bandwidth fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) as label extractor, simple electronic combinatory network as label processor and LiNbO3 gates in broad-and-select configuration as switching matrix.Experimental results shows the effectivity of the in-band labeling as well as the transparent routing of packets with multiple data formats and data bit-rate.Several high speed data streams with diffirent data formats and data bit-rate, including 160 Gb/s RZ OOK packets,320 Gb/s multi-wavelength NRZ packes,120Gb/s multi-wavelength DPSK packets and 480Gb/s multi-wavelength OFDM packets, are dynamically routed without the need to reconfigure the label processor and the switch. We also show in the experiment the cascadibility of our optical packet switch. In summary, the optical packet switch is demonstrated to be high speed, with large capacity, transparent in term of modulation format and bit-rate, scalible, with low lantency and low power comsumption.
Another kind of optical packet switch is build with photonic integrated switch matrix based on arrayed phase shifters.Unlike cascaded devices,the phased-array switch enables 1×N switching using a single phase modulation stage, thus offers potential advantages in terms of size and optical insertion loss for large N.We show error-free operation with maximum penalties of 0.7 dB for 160 Gb/s RZ-OOK and 0.6 dB for 120 Gb/s multi-wavelength DPSK packets.
引文
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