干涉式光纤电流传感器的设计
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摘要
电流互感器作为电力系统中的重要设备，对电力系统的正常运行和电力的精确计量有非
常重要的作用。随着国民经济的发展，新的供电电压等级不断提高，系统的测量和保护精度
要求不断提高，新型光电式电流互感器替代传统的电磁式电流互感器是必然的趋势。干涉式
光纤电流传感器集现代电子技术和光学技术于一体，以其高精度、高可靠性、宽响应带宽等
特点已逐渐为电力工程领域所接受。
本文针对目前电力工业对电流互感器的要求，设计了一种新型的将偏振光干涉技术和传
感技术相结合的高压干涉式光纤电流传感器。与混合式光纤电流传感器的研究方案相比较，
本系统避开了高压端电源等难点。系统结构简单，动态测量范围大，对外界缓变量（如温度）
的影响不敏感。
本文精心设计了电子线路部分。文中设计了带通滤波器、低通滤波器，并进行了详细地
分析。本课题利用最新的数字信号处理技术，实现了数字正交解调。详细阐述了各部分的组
成和工作原理。论文在器件的选用、信号处理和软件算法等方面都作了深入的研究，力求精
简电路并提高测量精度。采用可编程逻辑器件实现整个工作电路的时序发生和同步协调工
作。
最后对文中方案进行了深入分析，采用这种方法设计的干涉式光纤电流传感器工作可
靠，电路和光路简单。
As important equipments in electric power industry, current transducers play a primary role
for working well and calculating precisely in power supplying system. With the development of
national economy, new high voltage level emerges continuously, and high accuracy of
measurement and protection are demanded increasingly. It is an absolute trend that novel optical
current transducers substitute the old electromagnetic current transformer. Based on modern
electronics technology and optics technology, fiber-optic interferometer current sensors have
already been accepted by electric power engineering because of attractive characteristics of high
accuracy, high reliability and wide bandwidth.
In order to satisfy the demands for electric current transducer in modern electric power
industry, this issue describes a novel fiber-optic interferometer current sensor, which combines
polarized-light interference technology with fiber sensing technology. Compared with the hybrid
fiber-optic current transducers, novel current sensors don’t need special power supply for
high-voltage unit. The advantages of the sensor are simple structure, wide dynamic range and
bandwidth, especially insensitive to temperature and vibration.
This issue designs band pass filter and low pass filter. The digital demodulation is realized by
use of recent digital signal processing technology. Much research has been made on the devices
selection, signal processing and software design. The whole circuit’s timing generation and
synchronization are realized with the complex programmable logic device.
At last, the analysis about this interferometer current sensor is described. The current sensor
we designed is much better than traditional current transducer.
常重要的作用。随着国民经济的发展，新的供电电压等级不断提高，系统的测量和保护精度
要求不断提高，新型光电式电流互感器替代传统的电磁式电流互感器是必然的趋势。干涉式
光纤电流传感器集现代电子技术和光学技术于一体，以其高精度、高可靠性、宽响应带宽等
特点已逐渐为电力工程领域所接受。
本文针对目前电力工业对电流互感器的要求，设计了一种新型的将偏振光干涉技术和传
感技术相结合的高压干涉式光纤电流传感器。与混合式光纤电流传感器的研究方案相比较，
本系统避开了高压端电源等难点。系统结构简单，动态测量范围大，对外界缓变量（如温度）
的影响不敏感。
本文精心设计了电子线路部分。文中设计了带通滤波器、低通滤波器，并进行了详细地
分析。本课题利用最新的数字信号处理技术，实现了数字正交解调。详细阐述了各部分的组
成和工作原理。论文在器件的选用、信号处理和软件算法等方面都作了深入的研究，力求精
简电路并提高测量精度。采用可编程逻辑器件实现整个工作电路的时序发生和同步协调工
作。
最后对文中方案进行了深入分析，采用这种方法设计的干涉式光纤电流传感器工作可
靠，电路和光路简单。
As important equipments in electric power industry, current transducers play a primary role
for working well and calculating precisely in power supplying system. With the development of
national economy, new high voltage level emerges continuously, and high accuracy of
measurement and protection are demanded increasingly. It is an absolute trend that novel optical
current transducers substitute the old electromagnetic current transformer. Based on modern
electronics technology and optics technology, fiber-optic interferometer current sensors have
already been accepted by electric power engineering because of attractive characteristics of high
accuracy, high reliability and wide bandwidth.
In order to satisfy the demands for electric current transducer in modern electric power
industry, this issue describes a novel fiber-optic interferometer current sensor, which combines
polarized-light interference technology with fiber sensing technology. Compared with the hybrid
fiber-optic current transducers, novel current sensors don’t need special power supply for
high-voltage unit. The advantages of the sensor are simple structure, wide dynamic range and
bandwidth, especially insensitive to temperature and vibration.
This issue designs band pass filter and low pass filter. The digital demodulation is realized by
use of recent digital signal processing technology. Much research has been made on the devices
selection, signal processing and software design. The whole circuit’s timing generation and
synchronization are realized with the complex programmable logic device.
At last, the analysis about this interferometer current sensor is described. The current sensor
we designed is much better than traditional current transducer.
引文
1 强锡富.传感器.北京:机械工业出版社,2000:1-2
2 王惠文.光纤传感技术与应用.北京:国防工业出版社,2001:24-25
3 张德赛,罗道军,彭剑.国内外光电式电流互感器研究现状.四川电力技术,1999,(2):53-55
4 Edward A.A High-Accuracy Optic Transducer for Electric Power System. IEEE Transactions
on Power Delivery,1990,5(2):892-898
5 B. Yi, C. B.C.B, Y. Liu. Simultaneous Temperature and Electric Current Measurement by
Using Different Faraday Sensing Elements in An Optical Current Sensor. SPIE, The
International Society for Optical Engineering,1999,3740:505-508
6 M. Xian, C. Luo. Method to Eliminate Birefringence of A Magneto-optic AC Current
Transducer with Glass Ring Sensor Head. IEEE Transactions on Power
Delivery,1998,13(4):1015-1019
7 王廷云,郭强,周青,等.磁致伸缩效应光纤微分干涉电流传感器.光电子·激
光,2002,13(9):923-925
8 S. Miroslav, I. Paulicka, S. Michael. Optical Fiber Magnetic Field Sensors with Ceramic
Magnetostrictive Jackets. Applied Optics, 1996,35(27):5340-5344
9 W. Yu, G. Zhang, Z, Guo. A Hybrid Optical Current Sensor for Power System Metering and
Protection. IECON Proceedings (Industrial Electronics Conference),2003,3:2517-2521
10 王廷云,罗承沐,田玉鑫.电力系统中光电电流互感器研究.电力系统自动化,2000, (1):38-41
11 余有龙,叶红安,刘治国,等.光纤光栅电流传感器.光学学报,2001,21(5):586-588
12 廖帮全,冯德军,赵启大,等.光纤布拉格光栅电流传感器的理论和实验研究.光学学
报,2002,22(9):1092-1095
13 M. Peter, B. Thomas. Magneto-optical Ac Current Sensing with An Annealed Fiber Coil and
Intrinsic Temperature Compensation. Proceedings of SPIE The International Society for
Optical Engineering, 1994, 2292: 26-33
14 D. Tang, R. A.H, D. G.W, etc. Annealing of Linear Birefringence in Single-mode Fiber Coils:
Application to Optical Fiber Current Sensors. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 1991,
9(8):1031-1037
15 Y. Toshihiko, Y. Masayuki, A. Katsugo, etc. Fiber-Linked Faraday Effect Current Sensor by
Use of A Flint Glass Cell with Dielectric-coated Retardation-compensated Total Reflection
Surfaces. Applied Optics, 2002,41(28):5963-5968
16 罗苏南,叶妙元,朱勇,等.锗酸铋晶体光学电压传感器性能研究.华中理工大学学
报,1999,27(10):42-44
17 H. Katsukawa, H. Ishikawa, H. Okajima, etc. Development of An Optical Current Transducer
with A Bulk Type Faraday Sensor for Metering. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,
1996,11(2):702-707
52
18 P. Williams, G. Day, A. Rose. Compensation for The Temperature Dependence of Faraday
Effect in Diamagnetic Materials. Application to Optical Fiber Sensors. Electronics Letters,
1991, 27(13):1131-1132
19 K. Chiang, K. Ramesh, R. Vipul. Temperature-Compensated Fiber-Bragg-grating- -based
Magnetostrictive Sensor for Dc and Ac Currents. Optical Engineering, 2003, 42(7):1906-1909
20 B. Yi, B. Chu, M. Mork, etc. Novel Temperature Compensation Techniques for Fibre Bragg
Gratings Based Magnetostrictive Sensors. Proceedings of SPIE, The International Society for
Optical Engineering, 1999,3897: 87-93
21 Y.N. Ning, Z.P. Wang, A.W. Palmer, etc. Recent Progress in Optical Current Sensing
Techniques. Review of Scientific Instruments,1995,66(5):3097-3111
22 张涛,颜研,申烛,等.激光供能的光纤电流传感器.传感技术学报, 2001,(4):271-276
23 王 鹏 , 罗 承 沐 , 李 成 榕 , 等 . 新 型 组 合 式 电 压 电 流 传 感 器 的 研 究 . 高 电 压 技
术,2002,28(120):61-63
24 张涛,李澎,罗承沐,等.罗果夫斯基线圈测量高电压及电力系统中的暂态电流.电工电能新
技术,2002,21(3): 53-56
25 李芙英,纪昆,臧金奎.基于 DSP 的光电式电流互感器的实用化设计.电网技术,
2002,26(6):46-48
26 尹浩,刘延冰,戴澹潜.光学电流传感器(OCT)监测系统的研究,电子仪器仪表用户.
1998,5(6):5-9
27 郭晓华,叶妙元,徐雁,等.新型组合式电压电流传感器的研究 .高压电器,2002,38(3):23-26
28 Y. Xu, S. Luo, M. Ye.220KV Active Optical Fiber Voltage Transformer. Proceeding of SPIE,
The International Society for Optical Engineering.1999,3451:236-243
29 G. Zhang, S. Li, Z. Zhang, etc. Novel Electro-optic Hybrid Current Measurement Instrument
for High-voltage Power Lines. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and
Measurement,2001,50(1),59-62
30 Y. Huang, D. Feng, Z. Xu, etc. A Voltage Sensor Utilizing All-fiber Mach-Zehnder
Interferometer. Proceedings of SPIE, 2001,4603:188-191
31 Y. Huang, J. Li, G. Kai, etc. Temperature Compensation Package for Fiber Bragg Gratings.
Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 2003, 39(1):70-72
32 T. Wang, C. Luo, S. Zheng. A Fiber-Optic Current Sensor Based on A Differentiating Sagnac
Interferometer. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,2001,50(3):705-708
33 Z. Zheng, Z. Chen, F. Liu, etc. Practical Hybrid Fiber Optic Current Sensor on High Voltage
Power Line. SPIE, The International Society for Optical Engineering, 2000,4220:171-175
34 刘丰,卢启柱,郑绳楦,等.基于 DSP 的光纤电流互感器二次侧信号处理.现代电子技术,
2002,(3): 10-12
35 S. Zheng, F. Liu, X. Lu, etc. An Active Optical Fiber Current Transducer. SPIE, The
International Society for Optical Engineering, 2002, 4920:405-409
53
36 易明.光学.北京:高等教育出版社,1999:209-212
37 谢建平,刘文清.光学技术基础.北京:科学出版社,1996:51-55
38 杨国光.近代光学测试技术.杭州:浙江大学出版社,1986:9-13
39 史锦珊,郑绳楦.光电子学及其应用.北京:机械工业出版社,1991:104-107 288-331
40 廖延彪.光纤光学.北京:清华大学出版社,2000:191-197 74-76 118-120
41 徐叔梅.光导纤维电流传感器.电网技术,2003.27(4):79-82
42 K. Bohnert, P. Gabus, J. Nehring, etc. Temperature and Vibration Insensitive Fiber-Optic
Current Sensor. Journal of Lightwave Technology,2002,20(2):267-276
43 J. Blake, P. Tantaswadi. In-line Sagnac Interferometer Current Sensor. IEEE Transactions on
Power Delivery,1996,11(1):116-121
44 黄建辉,曹芒,李达成,等.用于干涉型光纤传感器的相位生成载波解调技术.光学技
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45 安毓英.光电子技术.北京:电子工业出版社,2002:23-35 106-111
46 王廷云.用压电陶瓷实现的光纤相位调制理论与实验分析.光子学报,1999,28(2):134-137
47 罗先和,张广军,骆飞,等.光电探测技术.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1995:42-70
48 邱昆.光纤通信导论.四川:电子科技大学出版社,1995:56-68
49 原荣.光纤通信.北京:电子工业出版社,2002:189-197
50 韦静,张浩.LTC1923 在 DWDM 激光器温控电路中的应用.现代电子技术,2003,(7):75-77
51 王念旭.DSP 基础与应用系统设计.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2001:180-240
52 康华光,陈大钦.电子技术基础模拟部分.第四版.北京: 高等教育出版社,1999:350-362
53 阎石.数字电子技术基础.第四版.北京:高等教育出版社,1998:475-492
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58 刘和平,严利平,张学锋,等.TMS320LF240x DSP 结构、原理及应用.北京:北京航空航天大
学出版社,2002:1-23
59 A. Bateman. DSP 算法、应用及设计.陈健,陈伟,汪书宁.北京: 机械工业出版社,2003:75-93
60 江思敏. TMS320LF240x DSP 硬件开发教程.北京:机械工业出版社,2003:1-24
61 侯同强,刘和平. FPGA 与 CPLD 器件的特点与应用.电子与自动化,2002,(2):8-10
62 潘松,王国栋.基于 EDA 技术的 CPLD 和 FPGA 应用前景.电子与自动化,1999,(3):3-5
63 曾繁泰,陈美金.VHDL 程序设计.北京:清华大学出版社,2000:183-252
64 蒋璇,藏春华.数字系统设计与 PLD 应用技术.北京:电子工业出版社,2001:28-107
2 王惠文.光纤传感技术与应用.北京:国防工业出版社,2001:24-25
3 张德赛,罗道军,彭剑.国内外光电式电流互感器研究现状.四川电力技术,1999,(2):53-55
4 Edward A.A High-Accuracy Optic Transducer for Electric Power System. IEEE Transactions
on Power Delivery,1990,5(2):892-898
5 B. Yi, C. B.C.B, Y. Liu. Simultaneous Temperature and Electric Current Measurement by
Using Different Faraday Sensing Elements in An Optical Current Sensor. SPIE, The
International Society for Optical Engineering,1999,3740:505-508
6 M. Xian, C. Luo. Method to Eliminate Birefringence of A Magneto-optic AC Current
Transducer with Glass Ring Sensor Head. IEEE Transactions on Power
Delivery,1998,13(4):1015-1019
7 王廷云,郭强,周青,等.磁致伸缩效应光纤微分干涉电流传感器.光电子·激
光,2002,13(9):923-925
8 S. Miroslav, I. Paulicka, S. Michael. Optical Fiber Magnetic Field Sensors with Ceramic
Magnetostrictive Jackets. Applied Optics, 1996,35(27):5340-5344
9 W. Yu, G. Zhang, Z, Guo. A Hybrid Optical Current Sensor for Power System Metering and
Protection. IECON Proceedings (Industrial Electronics Conference),2003,3:2517-2521
10 王廷云,罗承沐,田玉鑫.电力系统中光电电流互感器研究.电力系统自动化,2000, (1):38-41
11 余有龙,叶红安,刘治国,等.光纤光栅电流传感器.光学学报,2001,21(5):586-588
12 廖帮全,冯德军,赵启大,等.光纤布拉格光栅电流传感器的理论和实验研究.光学学
报,2002,22(9):1092-1095
13 M. Peter, B. Thomas. Magneto-optical Ac Current Sensing with An Annealed Fiber Coil and
Intrinsic Temperature Compensation. Proceedings of SPIE The International Society for
Optical Engineering, 1994, 2292: 26-33
14 D. Tang, R. A.H, D. G.W, etc. Annealing of Linear Birefringence in Single-mode Fiber Coils:
Application to Optical Fiber Current Sensors. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 1991,
9(8):1031-1037
15 Y. Toshihiko, Y. Masayuki, A. Katsugo, etc. Fiber-Linked Faraday Effect Current Sensor by
Use of A Flint Glass Cell with Dielectric-coated Retardation-compensated Total Reflection
Surfaces. Applied Optics, 2002,41(28):5963-5968
16 罗苏南,叶妙元,朱勇,等.锗酸铋晶体光学电压传感器性能研究.华中理工大学学
报,1999,27(10):42-44
17 H. Katsukawa, H. Ishikawa, H. Okajima, etc. Development of An Optical Current Transducer
with A Bulk Type Faraday Sensor for Metering. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,
1996,11(2):702-707
52
18 P. Williams, G. Day, A. Rose. Compensation for The Temperature Dependence of Faraday
Effect in Diamagnetic Materials. Application to Optical Fiber Sensors. Electronics Letters,
1991, 27(13):1131-1132
19 K. Chiang, K. Ramesh, R. Vipul. Temperature-Compensated Fiber-Bragg-grating- -based
Magnetostrictive Sensor for Dc and Ac Currents. Optical Engineering, 2003, 42(7):1906-1909
20 B. Yi, B. Chu, M. Mork, etc. Novel Temperature Compensation Techniques for Fibre Bragg
Gratings Based Magnetostrictive Sensors. Proceedings of SPIE, The International Society for
Optical Engineering, 1999,3897: 87-93
21 Y.N. Ning, Z.P. Wang, A.W. Palmer, etc. Recent Progress in Optical Current Sensing
Techniques. Review of Scientific Instruments,1995,66(5):3097-3111
22 张涛,颜研,申烛,等.激光供能的光纤电流传感器.传感技术学报, 2001,(4):271-276
23 王 鹏 , 罗 承 沐 , 李 成 榕 , 等 . 新 型 组 合 式 电 压 电 流 传 感 器 的 研 究 . 高 电 压 技
术,2002,28(120):61-63
24 张涛,李澎,罗承沐,等.罗果夫斯基线圈测量高电压及电力系统中的暂态电流.电工电能新
技术,2002,21(3): 53-56
25 李芙英,纪昆,臧金奎.基于 DSP 的光电式电流互感器的实用化设计.电网技术,
2002,26(6):46-48
26 尹浩,刘延冰,戴澹潜.光学电流传感器(OCT)监测系统的研究,电子仪器仪表用户.
1998,5(6):5-9
27 郭晓华,叶妙元,徐雁,等.新型组合式电压电流传感器的研究 .高压电器,2002,38(3):23-26
28 Y. Xu, S. Luo, M. Ye.220KV Active Optical Fiber Voltage Transformer. Proceeding of SPIE,
The International Society for Optical Engineering.1999,3451:236-243
29 G. Zhang, S. Li, Z. Zhang, etc. Novel Electro-optic Hybrid Current Measurement Instrument
for High-voltage Power Lines. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and
Measurement,2001,50(1),59-62
30 Y. Huang, D. Feng, Z. Xu, etc. A Voltage Sensor Utilizing All-fiber Mach-Zehnder
Interferometer. Proceedings of SPIE, 2001,4603:188-191
31 Y. Huang, J. Li, G. Kai, etc. Temperature Compensation Package for Fiber Bragg Gratings.
Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 2003, 39(1):70-72
32 T. Wang, C. Luo, S. Zheng. A Fiber-Optic Current Sensor Based on A Differentiating Sagnac
Interferometer. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,2001,50(3):705-708
33 Z. Zheng, Z. Chen, F. Liu, etc. Practical Hybrid Fiber Optic Current Sensor on High Voltage
Power Line. SPIE, The International Society for Optical Engineering, 2000,4220:171-175
34 刘丰,卢启柱,郑绳楦,等.基于 DSP 的光纤电流互感器二次侧信号处理.现代电子技术,
2002,(3): 10-12
35 S. Zheng, F. Liu, X. Lu, etc. An Active Optical Fiber Current Transducer. SPIE, The
International Society for Optical Engineering, 2002, 4920:405-409
53
36 易明.光学.北京:高等教育出版社,1999:209-212
37 谢建平,刘文清.光学技术基础.北京:科学出版社,1996:51-55
38 杨国光.近代光学测试技术.杭州:浙江大学出版社,1986:9-13
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