利用LaB_6制作有机电致发光器件的半透明阴极
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摘要
透明有机电致发光（TOLED）是有机电致发光领域里的一个热门方向。透明OLED可以用在头盔显示，挡风玻璃式显示以及类似的场合,还可以利用堆栈式结构的透明有机电致发光（TOLED）实现高分辨率的彩色显示。
本文主要是利用LaB_6来制备有机电致发光器件的透明阴极，本文采用两种加热的方法来制作：分别是利用LaB_6阴极和氧化物阴极作为轰击电子源来制作LaB_6透明阴极。
论文首先对有机电致发光（OLED）的发展历史作了一个简要的回顾，对OLED的发光机理和彩色方案进行了阐述；
接着，第二章阐述了论文所要运用的理论知识，主要是透明有机电致发光（TOLED）的发光机理、LaB_6的特性、氧化物阴极的理论等；
第三章阐述了如何制作LaB_6透明阴极，文中介绍了两种加热的方法制作LaB_6薄膜；
第四章是对试验的结果进行分析，主要是其导电性能和光谱透过率，并与Mg：Ag合金和ITO制作透明阴极进行了比较；
第五章是对所作的工作的总结。
Organic light emitting diode (OLED) consists of a number of ultra-thin organic layers between two electrodes. Under low applied voltage, the recombination of carriers coming from cathode and anode can produce intense light output. Organic light emitting diode has the merit of LCD and CRT. So it's considered as the best flat-panel display in the 21st century. Transparent organic light emitting diode (TOLED) is expected to be useful in high-resolution full-color displays, as well as for helmet-mounted, windshield-mounted, or other "head-up" display applications.
This paper discusses how to make transparent cathode of OLED used LaB_6 and oxide cathode.
The first chapter mainly introduces the history and the principle of OLED, and how to get full-color.
The second chapter provides some principles, which are necessary for making TOLED.
The third chapter is the most important; it mainly discusses how to make the transparent cathode of OLED used LaB_6 cathode and oxide cathode.
And the following chapter discusses the result of the experiment; it mainly discusses the transparency and the resistance of LaB_6, and it also compare the cathode used LaB_6 with the cathode used Mg:Ag and ITO.
And the last chapter is a conclusion for the research and the experiment.
本文主要是利用LaB_6来制备有机电致发光器件的透明阴极，本文采用两种加热的方法来制作：分别是利用LaB_6阴极和氧化物阴极作为轰击电子源来制作LaB_6透明阴极。
论文首先对有机电致发光（OLED）的发展历史作了一个简要的回顾，对OLED的发光机理和彩色方案进行了阐述；
接着，第二章阐述了论文所要运用的理论知识，主要是透明有机电致发光（TOLED）的发光机理、LaB_6的特性、氧化物阴极的理论等；
第三章阐述了如何制作LaB_6透明阴极，文中介绍了两种加热的方法制作LaB_6薄膜；
第四章是对试验的结果进行分析，主要是其导电性能和光谱透过率，并与Mg：Ag合金和ITO制作透明阴极进行了比较；
第五章是对所作的工作的总结。
Organic light emitting diode (OLED) consists of a number of ultra-thin organic layers between two electrodes. Under low applied voltage, the recombination of carriers coming from cathode and anode can produce intense light output. Organic light emitting diode has the merit of LCD and CRT. So it's considered as the best flat-panel display in the 21st century. Transparent organic light emitting diode (TOLED) is expected to be useful in high-resolution full-color displays, as well as for helmet-mounted, windshield-mounted, or other "head-up" display applications.
This paper discusses how to make transparent cathode of OLED used LaB_6 and oxide cathode.
The first chapter mainly introduces the history and the principle of OLED, and how to get full-color.
The second chapter provides some principles, which are necessary for making TOLED.
The third chapter is the most important; it mainly discusses how to make the transparent cathode of OLED used LaB_6 cathode and oxide cathode.
And the following chapter discusses the result of the experiment; it mainly discusses the transparency and the resistance of LaB_6, and it also compare the cathode used LaB_6 with the cathode used Mg:Ag and ITO.
And the last chapter is a conclusion for the research and the experiment.
引文
1. 李向东，杨家德. 有机电致发光显示器件的研制及产品开发现状. 半导体光电，2000，Vol.21 No.3：153～158。
2. Hamada et al. Organic Electro-Luminescent Devices.USA, Appl.No.: 588816,Jan,19,1996
3. C.Adachi, S.Tokito, et al., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. (27) 269 and Y.Hamada, T. Sano, et al., Chem. Letts., 1993
4. Tang C W. An overview of organic electro luminescent materials and devices [J].J. of SID, 1997, Vol.5,No.1: 11-14.
5. Fukuda Y,Miyaguchi S,Ishzuka S,et al. Organic LED Full-color Passive-matrix display[A]. In:Morreale J.digest of technical papers, SID international symposium[C].SID 1999,San Jose,California,1999:430-433
6. David J Williams. Bringing OLED technology to the market place[C]. OLED 2000.San Diego, USA, 1999
7. 王建营，李银奎.有机电致发光的研究进展[J].化学世界.1989（3）
8. C.W.Tang,S.A.Vanslyke,C.H.Chen. App [J]. Phys.1989 (65): 3910
9. T.Sano, et al, Extended Abstracts, The Japan Society of Applied Physics Spring Metting, 1995
10. 王丽辉，徐征，孙力，陈小红. 有机电致发光器件载流子注入效率的研究. 半导体光电Vol.20.No.6 Dec.1999
11. Carter SA,Angelopoulos M,Kang S,et al.Polymeric anodes for improved polymer light-emitting diode performance[J]. Appl. Phys. Lett, 1997.70(16): 2067~2069.
12. 张志林，蒋雪茵，许少鸿. 发光效率机稳定性改善的有机电致发光器件[J].发光学报，1996.17（4）：372～374；
陈文彬，有机电致发光器件设计与制作。[博士学位论文]，成都：电子科技大
13. 学光电信息学院 2002
14. P.E.Burows, G.Gu, V.Bulovic, Z.Shen, S.R.Forrest,and M.E.Thompson, Achieving Full-Color Organic Light-Emitting Devices for Lightweight, Flat-Panel Displays,IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices. VOL 44.No.8.AUGUST 1977
15. V.Bulovic G.Gu,P.E.Burrows,et al.,Transparent light-emitting devices. Nature, 1996, Vol.380: 29
16. Z.shen,P.E.Burrows,V.Bulovic,et al.,Three color tunable orgnic light emitting devices. Science, 1997,Vol.276: 2009
17. 成建波，冉启钧译，六硼化镧阴极.成都电讯工程学院出版社. 1988, P1～31
18. J.M.Lafferty. Boride Cathode. Journal of Applied Physics. Vol, 22,No.3.March 1951
19. 承欢，江剑平编。阴极电子学。西北电讯工程学院出版社.P52～72,1986
20. 李文连。有机EL和LED与无机EL和LED发光机制的异同，液晶与显示， Vol.16,NO.1, Mar., 2001
21. 杨邦朝，王文生。薄膜物理与技术，电子科技大学出版社，1997
22. 黄春辉，李富友，黄岩谊，光电功能超薄膜，北京大学出版社，2001年，P238～P298
23.石松庆，有机电致发光显示，现代显示，Vol.17，No.3:30～36；
2. Hamada et al. Organic Electro-Luminescent Devices.USA, Appl.No.: 588816,Jan,19,1996
3. C.Adachi, S.Tokito, et al., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. (27) 269 and Y.Hamada, T. Sano, et al., Chem. Letts., 1993
4. Tang C W. An overview of organic electro luminescent materials and devices [J].J. of SID, 1997, Vol.5,No.1: 11-14.
5. Fukuda Y,Miyaguchi S,Ishzuka S,et al. Organic LED Full-color Passive-matrix display[A]. In:Morreale J.digest of technical papers, SID international symposium[C].SID 1999,San Jose,California,1999:430-433
6. David J Williams. Bringing OLED technology to the market place[C]. OLED 2000.San Diego, USA, 1999
7. 王建营，李银奎.有机电致发光的研究进展[J].化学世界.1989（3）
8. C.W.Tang,S.A.Vanslyke,C.H.Chen. App [J]. Phys.1989 (65): 3910
9. T.Sano, et al, Extended Abstracts, The Japan Society of Applied Physics Spring Metting, 1995
10. 王丽辉，徐征，孙力，陈小红. 有机电致发光器件载流子注入效率的研究. 半导体光电Vol.20.No.6 Dec.1999
11. Carter SA,Angelopoulos M,Kang S,et al.Polymeric anodes for improved polymer light-emitting diode performance[J]. Appl. Phys. Lett, 1997.70(16): 2067~2069.
12. 张志林，蒋雪茵，许少鸿. 发光效率机稳定性改善的有机电致发光器件[J].发光学报，1996.17（4）：372～374；
陈文彬，有机电致发光器件设计与制作。[博士学位论文]，成都：电子科技大
13. 学光电信息学院 2002
14. P.E.Burows, G.Gu, V.Bulovic, Z.Shen, S.R.Forrest,and M.E.Thompson, Achieving Full-Color Organic Light-Emitting Devices for Lightweight, Flat-Panel Displays,IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices. VOL 44.No.8.AUGUST 1977
15. V.Bulovic G.Gu,P.E.Burrows,et al.,Transparent light-emitting devices. Nature, 1996, Vol.380: 29
16. Z.shen,P.E.Burrows,V.Bulovic,et al.,Three color tunable orgnic light emitting devices. Science, 1997,Vol.276: 2009
17. 成建波，冉启钧译，六硼化镧阴极.成都电讯工程学院出版社. 1988, P1～31
18. J.M.Lafferty. Boride Cathode. Journal of Applied Physics. Vol, 22,No.3.March 1951
19. 承欢，江剑平编。阴极电子学。西北电讯工程学院出版社.P52～72,1986
20. 李文连。有机EL和LED与无机EL和LED发光机制的异同，液晶与显示， Vol.16,NO.1, Mar., 2001
21. 杨邦朝，王文生。薄膜物理与技术，电子科技大学出版社，1997
22. 黄春辉，李富友，黄岩谊，光电功能超薄膜，北京大学出版社，2001年，P238～P298
23.石松庆，有机电致发光显示，现代显示，Vol.17，No.3:30～36；