磁光玻璃光纤的磁致旋光效应及其在全光纤电流传感器中的应用研究
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摘要
本文对磁光玻璃光纤的磁致旋光效应及其在全光纤电流传感器中的应用进行了研究。
论文首先分析了单模光纤中电磁场的分布，阐述了磁光玻璃光纤的磁致旋光效应的理论，总结出了磁致旋光效应的规律。对ZF1、ZF6磁光玻璃费尔德常数的色散特性进行了理论分析，得出磁光玻璃费尔德常数与工作波长的关系，并进行了实验验证，实验结果和理论符合得较好。实验研究了ZF1磁光玻璃光纤的磁致旋光效应，分析误差的来源，得出磁光玻璃光纤应用在全光纤电流传感器中的可行性的结论。
论文简要说明了单模光纤中偏振光的传播特性，实验研究偏振光在通信多模光纤和磁光玻璃多模光纤中传播时的消偏振现象。介绍了一种全光纤电流传感器的基本原理和结构。
论文的后半部分对实际应用的全光纤电流传感器的关键性元件进行了研究。对二向色性偏振器的敏感波长区域进行了实验研究，对多层介质膜的两种类型偏振器应用在全光纤电流传感器中的原理分别进行了理论分析和实验研究；对ZF1磁光玻璃进行了拉纤的实验；对全光纤电流传感器中，选择光源时要考虑的因素进行了分析；分析了全光纤电流传感器中两种信号检测方案的原理；分析了光纤中线性双折射对系统性能的影响以及解决的方法。
最后，描述了全光纤电流传感器在电力系统的美好前景，总结出在实际工程应用中有待解决的问题。
Faraday effect in magneto-optic glass fiber and its application to all-fiber current transducer are studied in this thesis.
The distribution of electromagnetic field in single-mode fiber is analyzed, the theory of Faraday effect in magneto-optic glass fiber is clarified and the rules of Faraday effect are concluded in this thesis. We derive the relationship between Verdet constant of magneto-optic glass and operating wavelength by the dispersion theory of Verdet constant. ZF1 and ZF6 magneto-optic glass are experimentalized to testify the relationship. The experimental results are in agreement with the theory. The polarization properties of ZF1 magneto-optic glass fiber are studied by experiment and the sources of errors are analyzed. We draw a conclusion that magneto-optic glass fiber is applicable to be made into all-fiber current transducer to measure electric current and magnetic filed.
The propagation properties of linearly polarized light in single-mode fiber are introduced in brief in this thesis. The depolarization phenomena of multi-mode fiber for communication and magneto-optic glass multi-mode fiber are experimented. The fundamental principles and configuration of a sort of all-fiber current transducer are introduced in this thesis.
The second half part of this thesis studies some critical components of a pragmatic all-fiber current transducer. The range of light wavelength that dichroism polarizer is effective is studied experimentally in this part. The conception of two types of polarizer of multi-layer medium films is brought forward in this part. The principles of the application of these two polarizers to all-fiber current transducer are analyzed theoretically, and then experiments are performed to testify. We use the rod-in-tube method to draw the ZF1 magneto-optic glass into optical fiber. The factors of choosing light sources that are applicable to all-fiber current transducer are considered in this part. The principles of two schemes of signal detection that can be employed in all-fiber current transducer are
ABSTRACT
analyzed. The influence on all-fiber current transducer of linear birefringence in optical fiber is analyzed and partial resolvents are concluded in this part too.
At the end of this thesis, we picture the nice prospect of all-fiber current transducer when it is used in the department of electric power, and some problems that should be solved when all-fiber current transducer is utilized pragmatically are summed up.
论文首先分析了单模光纤中电磁场的分布，阐述了磁光玻璃光纤的磁致旋光效应的理论，总结出了磁致旋光效应的规律。对ZF1、ZF6磁光玻璃费尔德常数的色散特性进行了理论分析，得出磁光玻璃费尔德常数与工作波长的关系，并进行了实验验证，实验结果和理论符合得较好。实验研究了ZF1磁光玻璃光纤的磁致旋光效应，分析误差的来源，得出磁光玻璃光纤应用在全光纤电流传感器中的可行性的结论。
论文简要说明了单模光纤中偏振光的传播特性，实验研究偏振光在通信多模光纤和磁光玻璃多模光纤中传播时的消偏振现象。介绍了一种全光纤电流传感器的基本原理和结构。
论文的后半部分对实际应用的全光纤电流传感器的关键性元件进行了研究。对二向色性偏振器的敏感波长区域进行了实验研究，对多层介质膜的两种类型偏振器应用在全光纤电流传感器中的原理分别进行了理论分析和实验研究；对ZF1磁光玻璃进行了拉纤的实验；对全光纤电流传感器中，选择光源时要考虑的因素进行了分析；分析了全光纤电流传感器中两种信号检测方案的原理；分析了光纤中线性双折射对系统性能的影响以及解决的方法。
最后，描述了全光纤电流传感器在电力系统的美好前景，总结出在实际工程应用中有待解决的问题。
Faraday effect in magneto-optic glass fiber and its application to all-fiber current transducer are studied in this thesis.
The distribution of electromagnetic field in single-mode fiber is analyzed, the theory of Faraday effect in magneto-optic glass fiber is clarified and the rules of Faraday effect are concluded in this thesis. We derive the relationship between Verdet constant of magneto-optic glass and operating wavelength by the dispersion theory of Verdet constant. ZF1 and ZF6 magneto-optic glass are experimentalized to testify the relationship. The experimental results are in agreement with the theory. The polarization properties of ZF1 magneto-optic glass fiber are studied by experiment and the sources of errors are analyzed. We draw a conclusion that magneto-optic glass fiber is applicable to be made into all-fiber current transducer to measure electric current and magnetic filed.
The propagation properties of linearly polarized light in single-mode fiber are introduced in brief in this thesis. The depolarization phenomena of multi-mode fiber for communication and magneto-optic glass multi-mode fiber are experimented. The fundamental principles and configuration of a sort of all-fiber current transducer are introduced in this thesis.
The second half part of this thesis studies some critical components of a pragmatic all-fiber current transducer. The range of light wavelength that dichroism polarizer is effective is studied experimentally in this part. The conception of two types of polarizer of multi-layer medium films is brought forward in this part. The principles of the application of these two polarizers to all-fiber current transducer are analyzed theoretically, and then experiments are performed to testify. We use the rod-in-tube method to draw the ZF1 magneto-optic glass into optical fiber. The factors of choosing light sources that are applicable to all-fiber current transducer are considered in this part. The principles of two schemes of signal detection that can be employed in all-fiber current transducer are
ABSTRACT
analyzed. The influence on all-fiber current transducer of linear birefringence in optical fiber is analyzed and partial resolvents are concluded in this part too.
At the end of this thesis, we picture the nice prospect of all-fiber current transducer when it is used in the department of electric power, and some problems that should be solved when all-fiber current transducer is utilized pragmatically are summed up.
引文
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9. P. D. Dinev. A two-dimensional remote fiber-optic magnetic field and current sensor. Meas. Sci. Technol. 1997, 7:1233-1237
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12. Song J., Mclaren P. G., Thomson D. J., et al. A prototype clamp-on magneto-optical current transducer for power system metering and relaying. IEEE Trans. Power Deliv. 1995,10(4):1764-1770
13. Cease T. W., Johnston Paul. A magneto-optic current transformer. IEEE Trans. Power Deliv.
1990.PWRD-5(2):548-555
14．张明明，刘延冰。一种新型有源光纤电流传感器．中国仪器仪表．1998，2：15-16
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17，张景超．一种新型的高压光纤屯流传感器的研究．传感技术学报．2001，4：366—370
18．刘彬，张君正，张秋婵．一种光纤三相电流传感器的设计．传感器技术．2002，21(1)：14—16
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27. P. Menke, T. Bosselmann. Temperature compensation in magneto-optic ac current sensors using an intelligent ac-dc signal evaluation. J. Lightwave Technol. 1995,13:1362-1370
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30. Chen C. L., Asars J. A., Vaerewyck E. G. Temperature stabilized Faraday rotator current sensor by thermal mechanical means. 1986, US Patent 4612500
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1985, Australian Patent 8543143
32. Williams P. A., Day G. W., Rose A. H.. Compensation for temperature dependence of Faraday effect in diamagnetic materials: application and to optical fiber sensors. Electron. Lett.. 1991,2:1131-1132
33. Hamid S., Tatam R. P.. Optical technique for the compensation of the temperature dependent Verdet constant in Faraday rotation magnetometers. 1991, Proc. SPIE 1151:78-79
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2. Y. N. Ning, B. C. B Chu, D. A. Jackson. Miniature Faraday current sensor based on multiple critical angle reflections in a bulk-optic ring. Opt. Lett. 1991, 16:1996-1998
3. B. C. B Chu, Y. N. Ning, D. A. Jackson. Faraday current sensor that uses a triangular-shaped bulk-optic sensing element. Opt. Lett. 1992, 17:1167-1169
4. R. L. Heredero, Ramón Fernáindez de Caleya, Héctor Guerrero, Pete Los Santos, Marl Cruz, Jaume Esteve. Micromachined optical fiber current sensor. Appl. Opt.. 1999,38(25): 5298-5305
5. Y. N. Ning, D. A. Jackson. Review of optical current sensors using bulk-glass sensing elements. Sens. Actuators A. 1995, 50:219-224
6. Y. N. Ning, Z. P. Wang, A. W. Palmer, K. T. V. Grattam, D. A. Jackson. Recent progress in optical sensing techniques. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 1995, 66:3097-3111
7. Z. P. Wang, S. Q. Zhang, L. B. Zhang. Recent advances in optical current-sensing techniques. Sens. Actuators A. 1995, 50:169-175
8. E. F. Carome, V. E. Kubulins, R. L. Flanagan, P. Shamray-Bertaud. Intensity-type fiber optical electric current sensor. In fiber Optic and Laser Sensors ⅩⅠ, R. DePaula and E. Udd, Eds., Proc. SPIE. 1991, 1548:110-117
9. P. D. Dinev. A two-dimensional remote fiber-optic magnetic field and current sensor. Meas. Sci. Technol. 1997, 7:1233-1237
10．费振乐，杨瀛海，俞本立 et al. 利用磁光玻璃光纤测大电流的光纤电流传感器的设计．激光与光电子学进展(增刊)．1999，9：46-49．
11. Ian G. Clarke. Temperature-stable spun elliptical-core optical-fiber current transducer. Opt. Lett. 1993, 18(2):158-160
12. Song J., Mclaren P. G., Thomson D. J., et al. A prototype clamp-on magneto-optical current transducer for power system metering and relaying. IEEE Trans. Power Deliv. 1995,10(4):1764-1770
13. Cease T. W., Johnston Paul. A magneto-optic current transformer. IEEE Trans. Power Deliv.
1990.PWRD-5(2):548-555
14．张明明，刘延冰。一种新型有源光纤电流传感器．中国仪器仪表．1998，2：15-16
15. Al-Mohanadi M. R., Ross J. N., Brignell J. E.. Optical power and intelligent sensors. Sensors and Actuators A. 1997,60:142-146
16．张涛，颜研，申烛 et al. 激光供能的光纤电流传感器．传感技术学报．2001，4：271—276
17，张景超．一种新型的高压光纤屯流传感器的研究．传感技术学报．2001，4：366—370
18．刘彬，张君正，张秋婵．一种光纤三相电流传感器的设计．传感器技术．2002，21(1)：14—16
19．颜研，罗承沐．一种新型光电电流互感器的研制，传感器技术．2002，21(1)：23—27
20．廖绍彬．铁磁学(下册)．北京：科学出版社，1988：311—314，315-317
21．赵凯华，钟锡华．光学(下册)．北京：北京大学出版社，1984：223-225
22. S. T. Pai, C. M. Luo, J. Song, G. X. Zhang. Magneto-optical current sensors constructed with ZF glass. Sensors and Actuator A. 1992,35:107-112
23. Williams P. A., Rose A. H., Day G. W., Milner T. E.. Deeter M. N. Temperature dependence of the Verdet constant in several diamagnetic glasses. Appl. Opt.. 1991,30:1176-1178
24. Ren Z., Wang Y., Robert P. A.. Faraday rotation dependence measurements in low-birefringence fibers. J. Lightwave Technol.. 1989,7:1275-1278
25. S. Hamid, R. P, Tatam. Faraday-effect magnetometry: compensation for the temperature-dependent Verdet constant. Meas. Sci.Technol. 1994,5:1471-1479
26. T. W. Cease, J. G. Driggans, S. J. Weikel. Optical voltage and current sensors used in a revenue metering system. IEEE Trans. Power Deliv. 1991,6:1374-1379
27. P. Menke, T. Bosselmann. Temperature compensation in magneto-optic ac current sensors using an intelligent ac-dc signal evaluation. J. Lightwave Technol. 1995,13:1362-1370
28. Chen C. L., Asars J. A., Vaerwyck E. G.. Temperature compensated current sensor involving Faraday effect and fiber optics. 1985, UK Patent 8520392
29. Vaerewyck E. G., Chen G. L., Asars J. L.. Faraday current sensor with fiber optical compensated by temperature. Degradation and Linearity. 1986, US Patent 4613811
30. Chen C. L., Asars J. A., Vaerewyck E. G. Temperature stabilized Faraday rotator current sensor by thermal mechanical means. 1986, US Patent 4612500
31. Miler R. C.. Temperature compensated Faraday effect current sensors for measuring current.
1985, Australian Patent 8543143
32. Williams P. A., Day G. W., Rose A. H.. Compensation for temperature dependence of Faraday effect in diamagnetic materials: application and to optical fiber sensors. Electron. Lett.. 1991,2:1131-1132
33. Hamid S., Tatam R. P.. Optical technique for the compensation of the temperature dependent Verdet constant in Faraday rotation magnetometers. 1991, Proc. SPIE 1151:78-79
34．毛振珑，杨成林，何有余．磁场测量．北京：原子能出版社，1985：265
35. C. Z. Tan, J. Arndt. Faraday effect in silica glasses. Physica B. 1997,233:1-7
36. M. Born, E. Wolf. Principles of Optics. London: Pergamon Press, 1959, Ch. Ⅱ.3.4:89-97
37．天津硅酸盐材料试验厂．光学玻璃汇编．北京：机械工业出版社，1977：148，153
38．《光学仪器设计手册》编写组．光学仪器设计手册(上册)．北京：国防工业出版社，1971：410-411，420
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