光源谱宽对光学玻璃电流传感器输出的影响
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摘要
光学电流传感器是指那些利用光学技术直接或间接地对电流换能或测量从而实现对电流传感的装置。用光学电流传感技术取代基于电磁感应原理的电流互感技术是电力输送工业中电流测量与线路保护技术的一场革命性的变革。本文选定以保偏膜式光学玻璃电流传感器(Bulk Glass Optical Current Sensor：BGOCS)为研究对象，研究了光源谱宽对其输出的影响。选题具有理论价值与指导工程实际的意义。
系统采用的光源超发光二极管(Super Luminescent Diode：SLD)是宽带光源。论文结合生产厂商的技术资料和实际测量的SLD光源的功率谱密度，采用高斯分布近似其功率谱密度，建立了光源振幅的色散模型。SLD是低相干光源，其总光强可以通过对每个单一波长的光强求和或者积分求出。基于这个原理，论文建立了宽带光源带来的波长积累效应的理论模型。然后分别仿真了Verdet常量、线性双折射和反射相移的波长积累效应及其相互之间的联合积累效应。仿真结果表明，通过和其相应的单色光模型输出的对比，在研究对象相应参数的具体范围内：波长积累效应对系统输出的影响相对于单色模型输出来说很小，小于10~(-4)，因此在实际研究中采用单色模型是合理的和可行的；在总的波长积累效应中，宽带系统输出与单色模型输出的差距随着待测电流的增大而减小，而且影响最大到最小的因子依次是Verdet常量、反射相移和线性双折射。
当光源光谱宽度在6nm到60nm之间变化时，不同谱线宽度光源对系统输出影响的仿真结果表明：光源谱宽变化对系统输出的影响相对于其单色模型来说，相对变化小于10~(-3)，因此光源谱宽变化对系统输出的影响较小；如果完全消除了线性双折射和反射相移，则系统输出随光源谱宽的增加有微弱的增加：由于Verdet常量的影响最大，所以系统输出随光源谱宽的增加有微弱的增加；实验结果验证了该结论。
Optical current sensors (OCSs) are the kind of devices that directly or indirectly realize the transformation or measurement of current in order to achieve the sensing of the current. The substitution of OCS for the current-transforming techniques based on electromagnetic induction is a revolutionary evolution in the techniques of current measurement and power line protection in the industry of power delivery. This paper focuses on the effect of spectral width of the optical source on the output of Bulk Glass Optical Current Sensor (BGOCS). The work is significant in both theory and engineering applications.
The optical source employed in the BGOCS is a super luminescent diode (SLD), which is a broad-band optical source. Based on the technical document and the measured power spectral distribution, Gauss distribution model is employed to approximate the real source. Consequently, the amplitude distribution is also a Gauss distribution. SLD is a low coherent optical source, its total intensity equals to the summation or the integral of every wavelength intensity component. The wavelength accumulation theory is based on this principle. With the parameters varies within the range of our study, the simulation results compared with their corresponding monochromatic output show that: the wavelength accumulation effect upon the output is small; therefore, it is reasonable and feasible to employing the monochromatic model to deal with the BGOCS systems with broad-band source; the difference between the accumulation output and the monochromatic output decreases with the increase of the current to be measured in the total wavelength accumulation effect; the effect of the Verdet constant is the greatest, that of the Reflection-Induced-Retardance (RIR) is intermediate, that of the linear birefringence (LB) is the smallest.
As the spectral width (Full width half maximum: FWHM) range from 6nm to 60nm, the simulation results show that the effect of the variation of the FWHM upon the output is small. When only the Verdet constant is considered, the output increased slowly with the increase of the FWHM. The simulation results are verified by the experiment.
系统采用的光源超发光二极管(Super Luminescent Diode：SLD)是宽带光源。论文结合生产厂商的技术资料和实际测量的SLD光源的功率谱密度，采用高斯分布近似其功率谱密度，建立了光源振幅的色散模型。SLD是低相干光源，其总光强可以通过对每个单一波长的光强求和或者积分求出。基于这个原理，论文建立了宽带光源带来的波长积累效应的理论模型。然后分别仿真了Verdet常量、线性双折射和反射相移的波长积累效应及其相互之间的联合积累效应。仿真结果表明，通过和其相应的单色光模型输出的对比，在研究对象相应参数的具体范围内：波长积累效应对系统输出的影响相对于单色模型输出来说很小，小于10~(-4)，因此在实际研究中采用单色模型是合理的和可行的；在总的波长积累效应中，宽带系统输出与单色模型输出的差距随着待测电流的增大而减小，而且影响最大到最小的因子依次是Verdet常量、反射相移和线性双折射。
当光源光谱宽度在6nm到60nm之间变化时，不同谱线宽度光源对系统输出影响的仿真结果表明：光源谱宽变化对系统输出的影响相对于其单色模型来说，相对变化小于10~(-3)，因此光源谱宽变化对系统输出的影响较小；如果完全消除了线性双折射和反射相移，则系统输出随光源谱宽的增加有微弱的增加：由于Verdet常量的影响最大，所以系统输出随光源谱宽的增加有微弱的增加；实验结果验证了该结论。
Optical current sensors (OCSs) are the kind of devices that directly or indirectly realize the transformation or measurement of current in order to achieve the sensing of the current. The substitution of OCS for the current-transforming techniques based on electromagnetic induction is a revolutionary evolution in the techniques of current measurement and power line protection in the industry of power delivery. This paper focuses on the effect of spectral width of the optical source on the output of Bulk Glass Optical Current Sensor (BGOCS). The work is significant in both theory and engineering applications.
The optical source employed in the BGOCS is a super luminescent diode (SLD), which is a broad-band optical source. Based on the technical document and the measured power spectral distribution, Gauss distribution model is employed to approximate the real source. Consequently, the amplitude distribution is also a Gauss distribution. SLD is a low coherent optical source, its total intensity equals to the summation or the integral of every wavelength intensity component. The wavelength accumulation theory is based on this principle. With the parameters varies within the range of our study, the simulation results compared with their corresponding monochromatic output show that: the wavelength accumulation effect upon the output is small; therefore, it is reasonable and feasible to employing the monochromatic model to deal with the BGOCS systems with broad-band source; the difference between the accumulation output and the monochromatic output decreases with the increase of the current to be measured in the total wavelength accumulation effect; the effect of the Verdet constant is the greatest, that of the Reflection-Induced-Retardance (RIR) is intermediate, that of the linear birefringence (LB) is the smallest.
As the spectral width (Full width half maximum: FWHM) range from 6nm to 60nm, the simulation results show that the effect of the variation of the FWHM upon the output is small. When only the Verdet constant is considered, the output increased slowly with the increase of the FWHM. The simulation results are verified by the experiment.
引文
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