大纹针数彩色提花CAD系统核心算法及框架的研究
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摘要
彩色数码提花技术依托计算机图像处理相关算法，来解决彩色图像输入自动生成提花纹版文件的问题。其主要技术难点在于如何实现全自动选色配色过程，并且随着纹针数的增大，提高色彩层次，减少畸变和色彩失真。传统的彩色提花CAD软件由于图形规模较小，输入的图形不大，产生的纹版文件也不大，这些软件不能满足大纹针数彩色提花的要求。
为了促进计算机辅助技术在提花工艺中更好地应用，本文对大纹针数条件下的配色理论、算法及技术展开研究，目标是形成用于彩色提花机的大纹针数提花专用CAD设计系统。主要研究成果总结如下：
（1）提出了一种适合于大纹针数彩色数码提花的动态分层配色方法。该方法采用了独特的二次配色方法，可依据不同需求进行经、纬纱的动态组合。与现有方法相比，本文方法的优势在于：①既可以用于彩色提花机的生产和制造企业，也可以广泛用于对现有单色提花机进行技术改造和升级；②针对不同类型的提花机，可动态组合出多种配置的配色算法，使得仅仅利用4～8根彩色纱线即可完成彩色图像的提花设计与编织工作；③利用本方法进行彩色提花的配色、选色工作颜色层次突破256色，色彩更为丰富，大大提高了产品的色彩饱和度。
（2）在对提花图像预处理算法进行研究与分析的基础上，提出了一种新的图像缩放方法，实验结果表明，该方法不仅能够保持图像的纹理特征和细节信息，而且插值点与人的视觉保持更好的相关性，有效提高了插值图像的主观和客观质量。
（3）建立了大纹针数彩色提花CAD系统的核心架构，在以大纹针数彩色提花配色方案为核心的基础上，采用软件工程设计方法，将系统功能模块化，实现了大纹针数彩色提花设计软件的系统框架。
Relying on computer image processing, color digital jacquard technology is aimed togenerate the pattern file of jacquard from image input. The main technical difficulty of thistechnology is how to achieve automatic color selection process, raise the color gradationsand reduce color distortion with the increasing number of jacquard needles. Traditionalcolorful jacquard CAD software can not satisfy the requirements of large weaving colordigital jacquard, for the scale of scanned image is relatively small, and the size of theinput image and the output pattern is not large enough.
In order to promote the application of computer aided technology in jacquardtechnology, this thesis conducts research on theory, technology and algorithms of colorschemes in large weaving color digital jacquard, aiming to develop self-owned intellectualproperty of large weaving color digital jacquard CAD system. The research results in thisthesis can be summed up as follows:
I. A new method for designing and generating dynamic layered color schemes isproposed, which is suitable for large weaving color digital jacquard. Applying a uniquesecondary color scheme, the method can carry out dynamic combination according todifferent needs. Compared with present methods, the new color scheme designed in thisthesis has such advantages as:() the method not only can be used by the producers andmanufacturers of color jacquard enterprises, but also can be widely used for technologicalreform and upgrading of existing monochrome jacquard;() this method can providedifferent dynamic combination of color scheme according to different types of jacquardmachine. It makes jacquard design and weaving of colorful images can be completed whenonly using4to8colorful yarns;() adopting this method to match and select colors for color jacquard, there are more than256gradations of colors, which makes it more colorfuland improves the color saturation of products greatly.
II. Based on the research and analysis of jacquard image preprocessing algorithms, anovel image scaling method is proposed. The result shows that the method in the thesis,compared with traditional interpolation methods, not only maintains the image texturefeatures and details but also makes the calculation results with better visual correlation,which improves the quality of interpolation images effectively in both subjective visualevaluation and the objective numerical comparison.
III. The core architecture of CAD System of large weaving color digital jacquard isestablished. Adopting the software engineering design method to modularize the systemfunction, it realized the framework of CAD design system for large weaving color digitaljacquard with the color schema of large weaving color digital jacquard as its core.
为了促进计算机辅助技术在提花工艺中更好地应用，本文对大纹针数条件下的配色理论、算法及技术展开研究，目标是形成用于彩色提花机的大纹针数提花专用CAD设计系统。主要研究成果总结如下：
（1）提出了一种适合于大纹针数彩色数码提花的动态分层配色方法。该方法采用了独特的二次配色方法，可依据不同需求进行经、纬纱的动态组合。与现有方法相比，本文方法的优势在于：①既可以用于彩色提花机的生产和制造企业，也可以广泛用于对现有单色提花机进行技术改造和升级；②针对不同类型的提花机，可动态组合出多种配置的配色算法，使得仅仅利用4～8根彩色纱线即可完成彩色图像的提花设计与编织工作；③利用本方法进行彩色提花的配色、选色工作颜色层次突破256色，色彩更为丰富，大大提高了产品的色彩饱和度。
（2）在对提花图像预处理算法进行研究与分析的基础上，提出了一种新的图像缩放方法，实验结果表明，该方法不仅能够保持图像的纹理特征和细节信息，而且插值点与人的视觉保持更好的相关性，有效提高了插值图像的主观和客观质量。
（3）建立了大纹针数彩色提花CAD系统的核心架构，在以大纹针数彩色提花配色方案为核心的基础上，采用软件工程设计方法，将系统功能模块化，实现了大纹针数彩色提花设计软件的系统框架。
Relying on computer image processing, color digital jacquard technology is aimed togenerate the pattern file of jacquard from image input. The main technical difficulty of thistechnology is how to achieve automatic color selection process, raise the color gradationsand reduce color distortion with the increasing number of jacquard needles. Traditionalcolorful jacquard CAD software can not satisfy the requirements of large weaving colordigital jacquard, for the scale of scanned image is relatively small, and the size of theinput image and the output pattern is not large enough.
In order to promote the application of computer aided technology in jacquardtechnology, this thesis conducts research on theory, technology and algorithms of colorschemes in large weaving color digital jacquard, aiming to develop self-owned intellectualproperty of large weaving color digital jacquard CAD system. The research results in thisthesis can be summed up as follows:
I. A new method for designing and generating dynamic layered color schemes isproposed, which is suitable for large weaving color digital jacquard. Applying a uniquesecondary color scheme, the method can carry out dynamic combination according todifferent needs. Compared with present methods, the new color scheme designed in thisthesis has such advantages as:() the method not only can be used by the producers andmanufacturers of color jacquard enterprises, but also can be widely used for technologicalreform and upgrading of existing monochrome jacquard;() this method can providedifferent dynamic combination of color scheme according to different types of jacquardmachine. It makes jacquard design and weaving of colorful images can be completed whenonly using4to8colorful yarns;() adopting this method to match and select colors for color jacquard, there are more than256gradations of colors, which makes it more colorfuland improves the color saturation of products greatly.
II. Based on the research and analysis of jacquard image preprocessing algorithms, anovel image scaling method is proposed. The result shows that the method in the thesis,compared with traditional interpolation methods, not only maintains the image texturefeatures and details but also makes the calculation results with better visual correlation,which improves the quality of interpolation images effectively in both subjective visualevaluation and the objective numerical comparison.
III. The core architecture of CAD System of large weaving color digital jacquard isestablished. Adopting the software engineering design method to modularize the systemfunction, it realized the framework of CAD design system for large weaving color digitaljacquard with the color schema of large weaving color digital jacquard as its core.
引文
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[11]周赳,吴文正.有彩数码提花织物的创新设计原理和方法[J].纺织学报,2006,27(5):6-9
[12]李启正,周赳.数码多色经提花织物设计的色彩模型[J].丝绸,2005(5):14-16
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[22]李艳梅,仇晓坤.织物CAD系统的应用与发展[J].上海工程技术大学学报，2002,16(1):43-46
[23]韩玲,段亚峰.纺织CAD／CAM现状分析[J].河北纺织,2002,2:11-15
[24]胡威捷,汤顺青,朱正芳.现代颜色技术原理及应用[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,2007
[25]李弼程,彭天强,彭波等编著.智能图像处理技术[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004
[26]徐丛璐.数码仿真提花丝织物的色彩表现与设计[D].浙江理工大学,2010
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[29]杨振亚.彩色图像处理中几个基本问题的研究[D].上海:华东师范大学博士学位论文,2008
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